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Table of Contents
 
 
 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
 
FORM 10-Q
 
 
 
ý
Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019
¨
Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission File Number 0-24429
 
 
 
cognizantlogoa03.jpg
 COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
 
 
 
Delaware
 
13-3728359
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
Glenpointe Centre West
500 Frank W. Burr Blvd.
Teaneck, New Jersey
 
07666
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (201) 801-0233
N/A
(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year,
if Changed Since Last Report)
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý   No:  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes  ý    No:  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
ý
Accelerated filer
¨
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
¨ 
Smaller reporting company
¨
 
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No  ý
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock,
$0.01 par value per share
CTSH
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s class of common stock, as of April 26, 2019:
Class
 
Number of Shares
Class A Common Stock, par value $.01 per share
 
569,282,940

 
 
 

Table of Contents

COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
Page
PART I.
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
PART II.
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 


Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.     Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
 
COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
(Unaudited)
(in millions, except par values)
 
March 31, 2019

December 31, 2018
Assets



Current assets:



Cash and cash equivalents
$
950


$
1,161

Short-term investments
2,718


3,350

Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances of $92 and $78, respectively
3,377


3,257

Other current assets
838


909

Total current assets
7,883


8,677

Property and equipment, net
1,314


1,394

Operating lease assets, net
809

 

Goodwill
3,638


3,481

Intangible assets, net
1,185


1,150

Deferred income tax assets, net
464


442

Long-term investments
79


80

Other noncurrent assets
724


689

Total assets
$
16,096


$
15,913

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity



Current liabilities:



Accounts payable
$
262


$
215

Deferred revenue
340


286

Short-term debt
19


9

Operating lease liabilities
184

 

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
1,915


2,267

Total current liabilities
2,720


2,777

Deferred revenue, noncurrent
64


62

Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent
651

 

Deferred income tax liabilities, net
177


183

Long-term debt
727


736

Long-term income taxes payable
471


478

Other noncurrent liabilities
150


253

Total liabilities
4,960


4,489

Commitments and contingencies (See Note 13)

 

Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $0.10 par value, 15.0 shares authorized, none issued

 

Class A common stock, $0.01 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, 569 and 577 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively
6

 
6

Additional paid-in capital
64

 
47

Retained earnings
11,140

 
11,485

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
(74
)
 
(114
)
Total stockholders’ equity
11,136


11,424

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
16,096


$
15,913

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

1

Table of Contents

COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(in millions, except per share data)
 
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Revenues
$
4,110


$
3,912

Operating expenses:



Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below)
2,575


2,401

Selling, general and administrative expenses
873


711

Depreciation and amortization expense
123


107

Income from operations
539


693

Other income (expense), net:



Interest income
48


41

Interest expense
(7
)

(6
)
Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net
2


(31
)
Other, net
1



Total other income (expense), net
44


4

Income before provision for income taxes
583


697

Provision for income taxes
(142
)

(177
)
Net income
$
441


$
520

Basic earnings per share
$
0.77


$
0.89

Diluted earnings per share
$
0.77


$
0.88

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - Basic
573


587

Dilutive effect of shares issuable under stock-based compensation plans
2

 
2

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - Diluted
575


589

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
(in millions)
 
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Net income
$
441

 
$
520

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustments
(2
)
 
37

Change in unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges
36

 
(36
)
Change in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities
6

 
(7
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
40

 
(6
)
Comprehensive income
$
481

 
$
514

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(in millions)
 
 
 
Class A Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
 Total
 
Shares    
 
Amount
 
Balance, December 31, 2018
 
577

 
$
6

 
$
47

 
$
11,485

 
$
(114
)
 
$
11,424

Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle(1)
 

 

 

 
2

 

 
2

Net income
 

 

 

 
441

 

 
441

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 

 

 

 

 
40

 
40

Common stock issued, stock-based compensation plans
 
2

 

 
50

 

 

 
50

Stock-based compensation expense
 

 

 
66

 

 

 
66

Repurchases of common stock
 
(10
)
 

 
(99
)
 
(672
)
 

 
(771
)
Dividends declared, $0.20 per share
 

 

 

 
(116
)
 

 
(116
)
Balance, March 31, 2019
 
569

 
$
6

 
$
64

 
$
11,140

 
$
(74
)
 
$
11,136

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class A Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
 Total
 
Shares    
 
Amount
 
Balance, December 31, 2017
 
588

 
$
6

 
$
49

 
$
10,544

 
$
70

 
$
10,669

Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle(2)
 

 

 

 
122

 
(1
)
 
121

Net income
 

 

 

 
520

 

 
520

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 

 

 

 

 
(6
)
 
(6
)
Common stock issued, stock-based compensation plans
 
2

 

 
60

 

 

 
60

Stock-based compensation expense
 

 

 
59

 

 

 
59

Repurchases of common stock
 
(4
)
 

 
(105
)
 
(211
)
 

 
(316
)
Dividends declared, $0.20 per share
 

 

 

 
(119
)
 

 
(119
)
Balance, March 31, 2018
 
586

 
$
6

 
$
63

 
$
10,856

 
$
63

 
$
10,988

            
(1)
Reflects the adoption of the Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842 "Leases" (the "New Lease Standard") as described in Note 6.
(2)
Reflects    the adoption of the ASC Topic 606 "Revenue from Contacts with Customers" (the "New Revenue Standard") as well as Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-02 "Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income" ("ASU 2018-02") on January 1, 2018. Refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.


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COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(in millions)

 
For the Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
441

 
$
520

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
133

 
117

Provision for doubtful accounts
14

 
2

Deferred income taxes
(42
)
 
2

Stock-based compensation expense
66

 
59

Other
(21
)
 
23

Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Trade accounts receivable
(131
)
 
(273
)
Other current and noncurrent assets
90

 
247

Accounts payable
49

 
86

Deferred revenues, current and noncurrent
56

 
(2
)
Other current and noncurrent liabilities
(386
)
 
(393
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
269

 
388

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment
(106
)
 
(96
)
Purchases of available-for-sale investment securities
(243
)
 
(300
)
Proceeds from maturity or sale of available-for-sale investment securities
650

 
193

Purchases of held-to-maturity investment securities
(94
)
 
(222
)
Proceeds from maturity of held-to-maturity investment securities
348

 
171

Purchases of other investments
(31
)
 
(31
)
Proceeds from maturity or sale of other investments
29

 
59

Payments for business combinations, net of cash acquired
(197
)
 
(1
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
356

 
(227
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Issuance of common stock under stock-based compensation plans
50

 
60

Repurchases of common stock
(771
)
 
(316
)
Repayment of term loan borrowings and finance lease obligations
(2
)
 
(39
)
Net change in notes outstanding under the revolving credit facility

 
(75
)
Dividends paid
(116
)
 
(118
)
Net cash (used in) financing activities
(839
)
 
(488
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
3

 
1

(Decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
(211
)
 
(326
)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
1,161

 
1,925

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period (See Note 9)
$
950

 
$
1,599

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Note 1 — Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

The terms “Cognizant,” “we,” “our,” “us” and “the Company” refer to Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation and its subsidiaries unless the context indicates otherwise. We have prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("GAAP"), and Regulation S-X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, (as amended, the "Exchange Act"). The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements (and notes thereto) included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. In our opinion, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been included and all adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. Operating results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected to occur for the entire year.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
Date Issued and Topic
Date Adopted and Method
Description
Impact
February 2016

Leases

January 1, 2019

Effective Date Method
The new standard replaces the existing guidance on leases and requires the lessee to recognize a right-of-use ("ROU") asset and a lease liability for all leases with lease terms equal to or greater than twelve months. For finance leases, the lessee recognizes interest expense and amortization of the ROU asset, and for operating leases, the lessee recognizes total lease expense on a straight-line basis. The standard offers several practical expedients for transition and certain expedients specific to lessees or lessors. The standard allows for two methods of adoption: retrospective to each prior reporting period presented with the cumulative effect of adoption recognized at the beginning of the earliest period presented or retrospective to the beginning of the period of adoption through a cumulative-effect adjustment (the "Effective Date Method").
See Note 6 for the impact of adoption of this standard.
March 2017

Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs
January 1, 2019

Modified Retrospective
This update shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount. Upon adoption, entities are required to use a modified retrospective transition with the cumulative effect adjustment recognized to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption.

The adoption of this update did not have an impact on our financial statements.
August 2018

Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement ("CCA") that is a Service Contract
Early adoption on January 1, 2019

Prospective
This update aligns the accounting for costs incurred to implement a CCA that is a service arrangement with the guidance on capitalizing costs associated with developing or obtaining internal-use software. In addition, this update clarifies the financial statement presentation requirement for capitalized implementation costs and related amortization of such costs.
The adoption of this update did not have an impact on our financial statements.



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Table of Contents

Note 2 — Revenues

Disaggregation of Revenues

The table below presents disaggregated revenues from contracts with customers by customer location, service line and contract-type for each of our business segments. We believe this disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenues and cash flows are affected by industry, market and other economic factors. Revenues are attributed to regions based upon customer location. Substantially all of the revenue in our North America region relates to operations in the United States.
 
 
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2019
 
 
 
 
Financial Services
 
Healthcare
 
Products and Resources
 
Communications, Media and Technology
 
Total
 
 
(in millions)
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Geography:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
North America
 
$
1,018

 
$
1,042

 
$
641

 
$
422

 
$
3,123

United Kingdom
 
129

 
25

 
94

 
81

 
329

Rest of Europe
 
162

 
82

 
115

 
46

 
405

Europe - Total
 
291

 
107

 
209

 
127

 
734

Rest of World
 
127

 
16

 
64

 
46

 
253

Total
 
$
1,436

 
$
1,165

 
$
914

 
$
595

 
$
4,110

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service line:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consulting and technology services
 
$
913

 
$
638

 
$
552

 
$
306

 
$
2,409

Outsourcing services
 
523

 
527

 
362

 
289

 
1,701

Total
 
$
1,436

 
$
1,165

 
$
914

 
$
595

 
$
4,110

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Type of contract:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time and materials
 
$
919

 
$
458

 
$
400

 
$
375

 
$
2,152

Fixed-price
 
464

 
400

 
414

 
190

 
1,468

Transaction or volume-based
 
53

 
307

 
100

 
30

 
490

Total
 
$
1,436

 
$
1,165

 
$
914

 
$
595

 
$
4,110



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Table of Contents

 
 
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
Financial Services
 
Healthcare
 
Products and Resources
 
Communications, Media and Technology
 
Total
 
 
(in millions)
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Geography:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
North America
 
$
1,044

 
$
1,023

 
$
572

 
$
336

 
$
2,975

United Kingdom
 
116

 
23

 
87

 
84

 
310

Rest of Europe
 
162

 
61

 
109

 
42

 
374

Europe - Total
 
278

 
84

 
196

 
126

 
684

Rest of World
 
139

 
14

 
53

 
47

 
253

Total
 
$
1,461

 
$
1,121

 
$
821

 
$
509

 
$
3,912

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service line:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consulting and technology services
 
$
871

 
$
638

 
$
481

 
$
278

 
$
2,268

Outsourcing services
 
590

 
483

 
340

 
231

 
1,644

Total
 
$
1,461

 
$
1,121

 
$
821

 
$
509

 
$
3,912

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Type of contract:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time and materials
 
$
935

 
$
448

 
$
369

 
$
306

 
$
2,058

Fixed-price
 
471

 
511

 
361

 
179

 
1,522

Transaction or volume-based
 
55

 
162

 
91

 
24

 
332

Total
 
$
1,461

 
$
1,121

 
$
821

 
$
509

 
$
3,912



Costs to Fulfill

The following table presents information related to the capitalized costs to fulfill, such as set-up or transition activities, for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Costs to fulfill are recorded in "Other noncurrent assets" in our unaudited consolidated statements of financial position and the amortization expense of costs to fulfill is included in "Cost of revenues" in our unaudited consolidated statement of operations. Costs to obtain contracts were immaterial for the periods disclosed.
 
 
Costs to Fulfill
 
 
(in millions)
Balance - December 31, 2018
 
$
400

Amortization expense
 
(20
)
Costs capitalized
 
43

Balance - March 31, 2019
 
$
423


Contract Balances

A contract asset is a right to consideration that is conditional upon factors other than the passage of time. Contract assets are presented in "Other current assets" in our unaudited consolidated statements of financial position and primarily relate to unbilled amounts on fixed-price contracts utilizing the cost to cost method of revenue recognition. The table below shows significant movements in contract assets:
 
 
Contract Assets
 
 
(in millions)
Balance - December 31, 2018
 
$
305

Revenues recognized during the period but not billed
 
238

Amounts reclassified to accounts receivable
 
(208
)
Balance - March 31, 2019
 
$
335




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Our contract liabilities, or deferred revenue, consist of advance payments and billings in excess of revenues recognized. We classify deferred revenue as current or noncurrent based on the timing of when we expect to recognize the revenues. The table below shows significant movements in the deferred revenue balances (current and noncurrent) for the period disclosed:
 
 
Deferred Revenue
 
 
(in millions)
Balance - December 31, 2018
 
$
348

Amounts billed but not recognized as revenues
 
205

Revenues recognized related to the opening balance of deferred revenue
 
(149
)
Balance - March 31, 2019
 
$
404


Revenues recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2019 for performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous periods were immaterial.
Remaining Performance Obligations
As of March 31, 2019, the aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations, was $1,990 million of which approximately 70% is expected to be recognized as revenue within 2 years. Disclosure is not required for performance obligations that meet any of the following criteria:
(1)
contracts with a duration of one year or less as determined under the New Revenue Standard,
(2)
contracts for which we recognize revenues based on the right to invoice for services performed,
(3)
variable consideration allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-14(b), for which the criteria in ASC 606-10-32-40 have been met, or
(4)
variable consideration in the form of a sales-based or usage based royalty promised in exchange for a license of intellectual property.
Many of our performance obligations meet one or more of these exemptions and therefore are not included in the remaining performance obligation amounts disclosed above.

Note 3 — Business Combinations

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we completed two business combinations for total consideration of approximately $244 million, inclusive of contingent consideration. These acquisitions were Meritsoft, a financial software company based in Ireland, and Mustache, a U.S. based creative content agency specializing in creating original and branded content for digital, broadcast and social mediums.


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Table of Contents

These acquisitions were not material, either individually or in the aggregate, to our operations or cash flow. Accordingly, pro forma results have not been presented. These acquisitions were included in our unaudited consolidated financial statements as of the date on which the businesses were acquired. We have allocated the purchase price related to these transactions to tangible and intangible assets and liabilities, including non-deductible goodwill, based on their estimated fair values. We will finalize the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable within the measurement period, but in no event later than one year following the date of acquisition. The allocations of preliminary purchase price to the fair value of the aggregate assets acquired and liabilities assumed were as follows:
 
Fair Value
 
Weighted Average Useful Life
 
(in millions)
 
 
Cash
$
14

 
 
Current assets
8

 
 
Non-deductible goodwill (1)
157

 
 
Customer relationship intangible assets
50

 
9.9 years
Other intangible assets
30

 
6.9 years
Current liabilities
(4
)
 
 
Noncurrent liabilities
(11
)
 
 
Purchase price
$
244

 
 

            
(1)     The primary items that generated goodwill are the value of the acquired assembled workforces and synergies between the acquired companies and us, neither of which qualify as an amortizable intangible asset.

There were no business combinations during the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Note 4 — Realignment Charges
We incur realignment charges to accelerate our shift to digital services and solutions while improving the overall efficiency of our operations. As part of this realignment, we may incur charges that include employee separation costs, lease termination costs and charges related to the development of our realignment plans. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we incurred $2 million in costs associated with our CEO transition and the departure of our President ("Executive Transition Costs"). The total costs related to the realignment are reported in "Selling, general and administrative expenses" in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations. The accrued realignment costs as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were immaterial.
Realignment charges were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(in millions)
Executive Transition Costs
$
2

 
$

Lease termination costs

 
1

Total realignment costs
$
2

 
$
1



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Table of Contents

Note 5 — Investments
Our investments were as follows:
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
(in millions)
Short-term investments:
 
 
 
Equity investment securities
$
25

 
$
25

Available-for-sale investment securities
1,361

 
1,760

Held-to-maturity investment securities
826

 
1,065

Time deposits (1)
506

 
500

Total short-term investments
$
2,718

 
$
3,350


Long-term investments:
 
 
 
Equity and cost method investments
$
73

 
$
74

Held-to-maturity investment securities
6

 
6

Total long-term investments
$
79

 
$
80

            
(1)
Includes $427 million and $423 million in restricted time deposits as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. See Note 9.

Equity Investment Securities

Our equity investment securities consist of a U.S. dollar denominated investment in a fixed income mutual fund. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, realized and unrealized gains and losses were immaterial. The value of the fixed income mutual fund is based on the net asset value ("NAV") of the fund, with appropriate consideration of the liquidity and any restrictions on disposition of our investment in the fund.

Available-for-Sale Investment Securities

Our available-for-sale investment securities consist of U.S. dollar denominated investments primarily in U.S. Treasury notes, U.S. government agency debt securities, municipal debt securities, non-U.S. government debt securities, U.S. and international corporate bonds, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, debt securities issued by supranational institutions, and asset-backed securities, including securities backed by auto loans, credit card receivables, and other receivables. Our investment guidelines are to purchase securities which are investment grade at the time of acquisition. We monitor the credit ratings of the securities in our portfolio on an ongoing basis.

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of available-for-sale investment securities at March 31, 2019 were as follows:
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
(in millions)
U.S. Treasury and agency debt securities
$
576

 
$
1

 
$
(4
)
 
$
573

Corporate and other debt securities
371

 
1

 
(1
)
 
371

Certificates of deposit and commercial paper
19

 

 

 
19

Asset-backed securities
341

 
1

 
(1
)
 
341

Municipal debt securities
57

 

 

 
57

Total available-for-sale investment securities
$
1,364

 
$
3

 
$
(6
)
 
$
1,361


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Table of Contents

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of available-for-sale investment securities at