POS 8C
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
April 3, 2009
Securities Act File
No. 333-143009
Investment Company Act File
No. 811-21698
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
Form N-2
(Check Appropriate Box or Boxes)
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Pre-Effective Amendment No.
Post-Effective Amendment No. 6
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
Amendment No. 13
THE GABELLI GLOBAL GOLD,
NATURAL RESOURCES & INCOME TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as
Specified in the Declaration of Trust)
One Corporate Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422
(Address of Principal Executive
Offices)
Registrants Telephone Number, Including Area Code:
(800) 422-3554
Bruce N. Alpert
The Gabelli Global Gold, Natural Resources & Income
Trust
One Corporate Center
Rye, New York
10580-1422
(914) 921-5100
(Name and Address of Agent for
Service)
Copies to:
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Richard T. Prins, Esq.
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher &
Flom LLP
4 Times Square
New York, New York 10036
(212) 735-3000
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Christopher Michailoff, Esq.
The Gabelli Global Gold, Natural
Resources & Income Trust
One Corporate Center
Rye, New York 10580-1422
(914) 921-5100
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Approximate date of proposed public offering: From time to time
after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any securities being registered on this form will be offered
on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, other than
securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment
plan, check the following
box. þ
The
information in this Prospectus is not complete and may be
changed. The Fund may not sell these securities until the
registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission is effective. This Prospectus is not an offer to sell
these securities and is not soliciting offers to buy these
securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
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Base
Prospectus dated April 3, 2009
PROSPECTUS
$350,000,000
The Gabelli Global Gold,
Natural Resources & Income Trust
Common Shares of Beneficial
Interest
Preferred Shares of Beneficial
Interest
Investment Objectives. The Gabelli Global
Gold, Natural Resources & Income Trust (the
Fund) is a non-diversified, closed-end management
investment company registered under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended. The Funds primary investment
objective is to provide a high level of current income. The
Funds secondary investment objective is to seek capital
appreciation consistent with the Funds strategy and its
primary objective. The Funds investment adviser is Gabelli
Funds, LLC (the Investment Adviser). An investment
in the Fund is not appropriate for all investors. We cannot
assure you that the Funds objectives will be achieved.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will attempt to achieve
its objectives by investing at least 80% of its assets in equity
securities of companies principally engaged in the gold industry
and the natural resources industries. The Fund will invest at
least 25% of its assets in the equity securities of companies
principally engaged in the exploration, mining, fabrication,
processing, distribution or trading of gold or the financing,
managing, controlling or operating of companies engaged in
gold-related activities. In addition, the Fund will
invest at least 25% of its assets in the equity securities of
companies principally engaged in the exploration, production or
distribution of natural resources, such as gas, oil, paper, food
and agriculture, forestry products, metals and minerals as well
as related transportation companies and equipment manufacturers.
The Fund may invest in the securities of companies located
anywhere in the world and under normal conditions will invest at
least 40% of its assets in the securities of issuers located in
at least three countries other than the U.S. As part of its
investment strategy, the Fund intends to generate gains through
an option strategy of writing (selling) covered call options on
equity securities in its portfolio. When the Fund sells a
covered call option, it generates gains in the form of the
premium paid by the buyer of the call option, but the Fund
forgoes the opportunity to participate in any increase in the
value of the underlying equity security above the exercise price
of the option. See Investment Objectives and
Policies.
We may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, our
common shares or preferred shares, each having a par value of
$0.001 per share. Shares may be offered at prices and on terms
to be set forth in one or more supplements to this Prospectus
(each a Prospectus Supplement). You should read this
Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement carefully
before you invest in our shares.
Our shares may be offered directly to one or more purchasers,
through agents designated from time to time by us, or to or
through underwriters or dealers. The Prospectus Supplement
relating to the offering will identify any agents or
underwriters involved in the sale of our shares, and will set
forth any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount
arrangement between us and our agents or underwriters, or among
our underwriters, or the basis upon which such amount may be
calculated. The Prospectus Supplement relating to any sale of
preferred shares will set forth the liquidation preference and
information about the dividend period, dividend rate, any call
protection or non-call period and other matters. We may not sell
any of our shares through agents, underwriters or dealers
without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the
method and terms of the particular offering of our shares. Our
common shares are listed on the NYSE Amex (NYSE)
under the symbol GGN. Our 6.625% Series A
Cumulative Preferred Shares are listed on the NYSE under the
symbol GGN PrA. On April 2, 2009, the last
reported sale price of our common shares was $15.17. The net
asset value of the Funds common shares at the close of
business on April 2, 2009 was $11.53 per share. Shares
of closed-end funds often trade at a discount from net asset
value. This creates a risk of loss for an investor purchasing
shares in a public offering.
Investing in the Funds shares involves risks. See
Risk Factors and Special Considerations on
page 24 for factors that should be considered before
investing in shares of the Fund.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved these
securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of shares by
us through agents, underwriters or dealers unless accompanied by
a Prospectus Supplement.
This prospectus sets forth concisely the information about the
Fund that a prospective investor should know before investing.
You should read this prospectus, which contains important
information about the Fund, before deciding whether to invest in
the shares, and retain it for future reference. A Statement of
Additional Information, dated April 3, 2009, containing
additional information about the Fund, has been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission and is incorporated by
reference in its entirety into this prospectus. You may request
a free copy of our annual and semi-annual reports, request a
free copy of the Statement of Additional Information, the table
of contents of which is on page 57 of this prospectus,
request other information about us and make shareholder
inquiries by calling (800) GABELLI
(422-3554)
or by writing to the Fund, or obtain a copy (and other
information regarding the Fund) from the Securities and Exchange
Commissions web site
(http://www.sec.gov).
Our shares do not represent a deposit or obligation of, and are
not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured
depository institution, and are not federally insured by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board
or any other government agency.
You should rely only on the information contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The Fund has not
authorized anyone to provide you with different information. The
Fund is not making an offer to sell these securities in any
state where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not
assume that the information contained in this prospectus is
accurate as of any date other than the date of this
prospectus.
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
This is only a summary. This summary may not contain all of
the information that you should consider before investing in our
shares. You should review the more detailed information
contained in this prospectus and the Statement of Additional
Information, dated April 3, 2009 (the SAI).
The
Fund
The Gabelli Global Gold, Natural Resources & Income
Trust is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment
company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware.
Throughout this prospectus, we refer to The Gabelli Global Gold,
Natural Resources & Income Trust as the
Fund or as we. See The Fund.
The
Offering
We may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, our
common or preferred shares, $0.001 par value per share. The
shares may be offered at prices and on terms to be set forth in
one or more supplements to this Prospectus (each a
Prospectus Supplement). The offering price per share
of our common shares will not be less than the net asset value
per share of our common shares at the time we make the offering,
exclusive of any underwriting commissions or discounts. You
should read this Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus
Supplement carefully before you invest in our shares. Our shares
may be offered directly to one or more purchasers, through
agents designated from time to time by us or to or through
underwriters or dealers. The Prospectus Supplement relating to
the offering will identify any agents, underwriters or dealers
involved in the sale of our shares, and will set forth any
applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount
arrangement between us and our agents or underwriters, or among
our underwriters, or the basis upon which such amount may be
calculated. The Prospectus Supplement relating to any sale of
preferred shares will set forth the liquidation preference and
information about the dividend period, dividend rate, any call
protection or non-call period and other matters. We may not sell
any of our shares through agents, underwriters or dealers
without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the
method and terms of the particular offering of our shares. Our
common shares are listed on the NYSE Amex (NYSE)
under the symbol GGN. Our 6.625% Series A
Cumulative Preferred Shares are listed on the NYSE under the
symbol GGN PrA. On April 2, 2009, the last
reported sale price of our common shares was $15.17. The net
asset value of the Funds common shares at the close of
business on April 2, 2009 was $11.53 per share.
Investment
Objectives and Policies
The Funds primary investment objective is to provide a
high level of current income. The Funds secondary
investment objective is to seek capital appreciation consistent
with the Funds strategy and its primary objective.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will attempt to achieve
its objectives by investing at least 80% of its assets in equity
securities of companies principally engaged in the gold and
natural resources industries. The Fund will invest at least 25%
of its assets in the equity securities of companies principally
engaged in the exploration, mining, fabrication, processing,
distribution or trading of gold or the financing, managing,
controlling or operating of companies engaged in
gold-related activities (Gold
Companies). In addition, the Fund will invest at least 25%
of its assets in the equity securities of companies principally
engaged in the exploration, production or distribution of
natural resources, such as gas, oil, paper, food and
agriculture, forestry products, metals and minerals as well as
related transportation companies and equipment manufacturers
(Natural Resources Companies). The Fund may invest
in the securities of companies located anywhere in the world and
under normal market conditions will invest at least 40% of its
assets in the securities of issuers located in at least three
countries other than the U.S.
Principally engaged, as used in this prospectus, means a company
that derives at least 50% of its revenues or earnings or devotes
at least 50% of its assets to the indicated businesses. An
issuer will be treated as being located outside the U.S. if
it is either organized or headquartered outside of the
U.S. and has a substantial portion of its operations or
sales outside the U.S. Equity securities may include common
stocks,
1
preferred stocks, convertible securities, warrants, depository
receipts and equity interests in trusts and other entities.
Other Fund investments may include investment companies,
including exchange-traded funds, securities of issuers subject
to reorganization, derivative instruments, debt (including
obligations of the U.S. Government) and money market
instruments. As part of its investment strategy, the Fund
intends to generate gains through an option strategy which will
normally consist of writing (selling) call options on equity
securities in its portfolio (covered calls), but
may, in amounts up to 15% of the Funds assets, consist of
writing uncovered call options on securities not held by the
Fund, indices comprised of Gold Companies or Natural Resources
Companies or exchange traded funds comprised of such issuers and
put options on securities in its portfolio. When the Fund sells
a call option, it generates gains in the form of the premium
paid by the buyer of the call option, but the Fund forgoes the
opportunity to participate in any increase in the value of the
underlying equity security above the exercise price of the
option. When the Fund sells a put option, it generates gains in
the form of the premium paid by the buyer of the put option, but
the Fund will have the obligation to buy the underlying security
at the exercise price if the price of the security decreases
below the exercise price of the option. See Investment
Objectives and Policies.
There is a risk that the Fund may generate losses as a result of
its option strategy. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Risks Associated with Covered Calls
and Other Option Transactions.
The Fund is not intended for those who wish to exploit
short-term swings in the stock market.
The Investment Advisers investment philosophy with respect
to selecting investments in the gold industry and the natural
resources industries is to emphasize quality and value, as
determined by such factors as asset quality, balance sheet
leverage, management ability, reserve life, cash flow, and
commodity hedging exposure. In addition, in making stock
selections, the Investment Adviser looks for securities that it
believes may have a superior yield as well as capital gains
potential and that allow the Fund to earn possible gains from
writing covered calls on such stocks.
Preferred
Shares and Borrowings
On October 16, 2007, the Fund completed the placement of
$100 million of Cumulative Preferred Shares
(Preferred Shares) consisting of 4 million
shares designated as Series A and paying dividends of an annual
rate equal to 6.625% of liquidation preference. The Preferred
Shares are senior to the common shares and result in the
financial leveraging of the common shares. Such leveraging tends
to magnify both the risks and opportunities to common
shareholders. Dividends on the Preferred Shares are cumulative.
The Fund is required by the 1940 Act and by the Statement of
Preferences to meet certain asset coverage tests with respect to
the Preferred Shares. If the Fund fails to meet these
requirements and does not correct such failure, the Fund may be
required to redeem, in part or in full, the Preferred Shares at
the redemption price of $25 per share plus an amount equal to
the accumulated and unpaid dividends whether or not declared on
such shares in order to meet the requirements. Additionally,
failure to meet the foregoing asset coverage requirements could
restrict the Funds ability to pay dividends to common
shareholders and could lead to sales of portfolio securities at
inopportune times. The income received on the Funds assets
may vary in a manner unrelated to the fixed rate, which could
have either a beneficial or detrimental impact on net investment
income and gains available to common shareholders.
The Fund may issue additional series of preferred shares or
borrow money to leverage its investments. If the Funds
Board of Trustees (the Board of Trustees, each
member of the Board of Trustees individually a
Trustee) determines that it may be advantageous to
the holders of the Funds common shares for the Fund to
utilize such leverage, the Fund may issue additional series of
preferred shares or borrow money. Any preferred shares issued by
the Fund will pay distributions either at a fixed rate or at
rates that will be reset frequently based on short-term interest
rates. Any borrowings may also be at fixed or floating rates.
Leverage creates a greater risk of loss as well as a potential
for more gains for the common shares than if leverage were not
used. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsLeverage Risks. The Fund may also
engage in investment management techniques which will not be
considered senior securities if the Fund establishes in a
segregated account cash or other liquid securities equal to the
Funds obligations in respect of such techniques.
2
Dividends
and Distributions
The Fund intends to make regular monthly cash distributions of
all or a portion of its investment company taxable income (which
includes ordinary income and realized short-term capital gains)
to common shareholders. The Fund also intends to make annual
distributions of its realized capital gains (which is the excess
of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital
losses). A portion of the Funds distributions on its
common shares for 2008 and subsequent periods have included, or
have been estimated to include, a return of capital. Any return
of capital that is a component of a distribution is not sourced
from realized gains of the Fund and that portion should not be
considered by investors as yield or total return on their
investment in the Fund. Various factors will affect the level of
the Funds income, such as its asset mix and use of covered
call strategies. To permit the Fund to maintain more stable
monthly distributions, the Fund may from time to time distribute
less than the entire amount of income earned in a particular
period, which would be available to supplement future
distributions. As a result, the distributions paid by the Fund
for any particular monthly period may be more or less than the
amount of income actually earned by the Fund during that period.
Because the Funds distribution policy may be changed by
the Board of Trustees at any time and the Funds income
will fluctuate, there can be no assurance that the Fund will pay
dividends or distributions at a particular rate. See
Dividends and Distributions.
Investment company taxable income (including dividend income)
and capital gain distributions paid by the Fund are
automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund unless
a shareholder elects to receive cash or the shareholders
broker does not provide reinvestment services. See
Automatic Dividend Reinvestment and Voluntary Cash
Purchase Plan.
Use of
Proceeds
The Fund will use the net proceeds from the offering to purchase
portfolio securities in accordance with its investment
objectives and policies as appropriate investment opportunities
are identified, which is expected to substantially be completed
within three months; however, changes in market conditions could
result in the Funds anticipated investment period
extending to as long as six months. See Use of
Proceeds.
Exchange
Listing
The Funds common shares are listed on the NYSE under the
trading or ticker symbol GGN. The
Funds Preferred Shares are listed on the NYSE under the
ticker symbol GGN PrA. See Description of the
Shares. Any additional series of fixed rate preferred
shares would also likely be listed on a stock exchange.
Market
Price of Shares
Common shares of closed-end investment companies often trade at
prices lower than their net asset value. Common shares of
closed-end investment companies may trade during some periods at
prices higher than their net asset value and during other
periods at prices lower than their net asset value. The Fund
cannot assure you that its common shares will trade at a price
higher than or equal to net asset value. The Funds net
asset value will be reduced immediately following this offering
by the sales load and the amount of the offering expenses paid
by the Fund. See Use of Proceeds.
In addition to net asset value, the market price of the
Funds common shares may be affected by such factors as the
Funds dividend and distribution levels (which are affected
by expenses) and stability, market liquidity, market supply and
demand, unrealized gains, general market and economic conditions
and other factors. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations, Description of the Shares and
Repurchase of Common Shares.
The common shares are designed primarily for long-term
investors, and you should not purchase common shares of the Fund
if you intend to sell them shortly after purchase.
Fixed rate preferred shares may also trade at premiums to or
discounts from their liquidation preference for a variety of
reasons, including changes in interest rates.
3
Risk
Factors and Special Considerations
Risk is inherent in all investing. Therefore, before investing
in shares of the Fund, you should consider the risks carefully.
Industry Risks. The Funds investments
will be concentrated in each of the gold industry and in the
natural resources industries. Because the Fund is concentrated
in these industries, it may present more risks than if it were
broadly diversified over numerous industries and sectors of the
economy. A downturn in the gold or natural resources industries
would have a larger impact on the Fund than on an investment
company that does not concentrate in such industries.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least
25% of its assets in equity securities of Gold Companies. Equity
securities of Gold Companies may experience greater volatility
than companies not involved in the gold industry. Investments
related to gold are considered speculative and are affected by a
variety of worldwide economic, financial and political factors.
The price of gold may fluctuate sharply over short periods of
time due to changes in inflation or expectations regarding
inflation in various countries, the availability of supplies of
gold, changes in industrial and commercial demand, gold sales by
governments, central banks or international agencies, investment
speculation, monetary and other economic policies of various
governments and government restrictions on private ownership of
gold. The Investment Advisers judgments about trends in
the prices of securities of Gold Companies may prove to be
incorrect. It is possible that the performance of securities of
Gold Companies may lag the performance of other industries or
the broader market as a whole.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least
25% of its assets in equity securities of Natural Resources
Companies. A downturn in the indicated natural resources
industries would have a larger impact on the Fund than on an
investment company that does not invest significantly in such
industries. Such industries can be significantly affected by
supply and demand for the indicated commodities and related
services, exploration and production spending, government
regulations, world events and economic conditions. The oil,
paper, food and agriculture, forestry products, metals and
minerals industries can be significantly affected by events
relating to international political developments, the success of
exploration projects, commodity prices, and tax and government
regulations. The stock prices of Natural Resources Companies may
also experience greater price volatility than other types of
common stocks. Securities issued by Natural Resources Companies
are sensitive to changes in the prices of, and in supply and
demand for, the indicated commodities. The value of securities
issued by Natural Resources Companies may be affected by changes
in overall market movements, changes in interest rates, or
factors affecting a particular industry or commodity, such as
weather, embargoes, tariffs, policies of commodity cartels and
international economic, political and regulatory developments.
The Investment Advisers judgments about trends in the
prices of these securities and commodities may prove to be
incorrect. It is possible that the performance of securities of
Natural Resources Companies may lag the performance of other
industries or the broader market as a whole. See Risk
Factors and Special ConsiderationsIndustry Risks.
Supply and Demand Risk. A decrease in the
production of, or exploitation of, gold, gas, oil, paper, food
and agriculture, forestry products, metals or minerals or a
decrease in the volume of such commodities available for
transportation, mining, processing, storage or distribution may
adversely impact the financial performance of the Funds
investments. Production declines and volume decreases could be
caused by various factors, including catastrophic events
affecting production, depletion of resources, labor
difficulties, environmental proceedings, increased regulations,
equipment failures and unexpected maintenance problems, import
supply disruption, increased competition from alternative energy
sources or commodity prices. Sustained declines in demand for
the indicated commodities could also adversely affect the
financial performance of Gold and Natural Resources Companies
over the long-term. Factors which could lead to a decline in
demand include economic recession or other adverse economic
conditions, higher fuel taxes or governmental regulations,
increases in fuel economy, consumer shifts to the use of
alternative fuel sources, changes in commodity prices, or
weather.
4
Depletion and Exploration Risk. Many Gold and
Natural Resources Companies are either engaged in the production
or exploitation of the particular commodities or are engaged in
transporting, storing, distributing and processing such
commodities. To maintain or increase their revenue level, these
companies or their customers need to maintain or expand their
reserves through exploration of new sources of supply, through
the development of existing sources, through acquisitions, or
through long-term contracts to acquire reserves. The financial
performance of Gold and Natural Resources Companies may be
adversely affected if they, or the companies to whom they
provide products or services, are unable to cost-effectively
acquire additional products or reserves sufficient to replace
the natural decline.
Regulatory Risk. Gold Companies and Natural
Resources Companies may be subject to extensive government
regulation in virtually every aspect of their operations,
including how facilities are constructed, maintained and
operated, environmental and safety controls, and in some cases
the prices they may charge for the products and services they
provide. Various governmental authorities have the power to
enforce compliance with these regulations and the permits issued
under them, and violators are subject to administrative, civil
and criminal penalties, including civil fines, injunctions or
both. Stricter laws, regulations or enforcement policies could
be enacted in the future, which would likely increase compliance
costs and may adversely affect the financial performance of Gold
Companies and Natural Resources Companies.
Commodity Pricing Risk. The operations and
financial performance of Gold and Natural Resources Companies
may be directly affected by the prices of the indicated
commodities, especially those Gold and Natural Resources
Companies for whom the commodities they own are significant
assets. Commodity prices fluctuate for several reasons,
including changes in market and economic conditions, levels of
domestic production, impact of governmental regulation and
taxation, the availability of transportation systems and, in the
case of oil and gas companies in particular, conservation
measures and the impact of weather. Volatility of commodity
prices which may lead to a reduction in production or supply,
may also negatively affect the performance of Gold and Natural
Resources Companies which are solely involved in the
transportation, processing, storing, distribution or marketing
of commodities. Volatility of commodity prices may also make it
more difficult for Gold and Natural Resources Companies to raise
capital to the extent the market perceives that their
performance may be directly or indirectly tied to commodity
prices.
Risks Associated with Covered Calls and Other Option
Transactions. There are several risks associated
with writing covered calls and entering into other types of
option transactions. For example, there are significant
differences between the securities and options markets that
could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets,
resulting in a given transaction not achieving its objectives.
In addition, a decision as to whether, when and how to use
covered call options involves the exercise of skill and
judgment, and even a well-conceived transaction may be
unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. As
the writer of a covered call option, the Fund forgoes, during
the options life, the opportunity to profit from increases
in the market value of the security covering the call option
above the exercise price of the call option, but has retained
the risk of loss should the price of the underlying security
decline. As the writer of an uncovered call option, the Fund has
no risk of loss should the price of the underlying security
decline, but bears unlimited risk of loss should the price of
the underlying security increase above the exercise price until
the Fund covers its exposure.
There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when
the Fund seeks to close out an option position. If the Fund were
unable to close out a covered call option that it had written on
a security, it would not be able to sell the underlying security
unless the option expired without exercise. Reasons for the
absence of a liquid secondary market for exchange-traded options
include the following: (i) there may be insufficient
trading interest; (ii) restrictions may be imposed by an
exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or
both; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other
restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes
or series of options; (iv) unusual or unforeseen
circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange;
(v) the trading facilities may not be adequate to handle
current trading volume; or (vi) the relevant exchange could
discontinue the trading of options. In addition, the Funds
ability to terminate over-the-counter options may be more
limited than with exchange-traded options and may involve the
risk that
5
counterparties participating in such transactions will not
fulfill their obligations. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsRisks Associated with Covered Calls and
Other Option Transactions.
Limitation on Covered Call Writing Risk. The
number of covered call options the Fund can write is limited by
the number of shares of common stock the Fund holds.
Furthermore, the Funds covered call options and other
options transactions will be subject to limitations established
by the exchanges on which such options are traded. As a result,
the number of covered call options that the Fund may write or
purchase may be affected by options written or purchased by it
and other investment advisory clients of the Investment Adviser.
See Risk Factors and Special ConsiderationsRisks
Associated with Covered Calls and Other Option
TransactionsLimitation on Covered Call Writing Risk.
Equity Risk. Investing in the Fund involves
equity risk, which is the risk that the securities held by the
Fund will fall in market value due to adverse market and
economic conditions, perceptions regarding the industries in
which the issuers of securities held by the Fund participate and
the particular circumstances and performance of particular
companies whose securities the Fund holds. An investment in the
Fund represents an indirect economic stake in the securities
owned by the Fund, which are for the most part traded on
securities exchanges or in the over-the-counter markets. The
market value of these securities, like other market investments,
may move up or down, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. The
net asset value of the Fund may at any point in time be worth
less than the amount at the time the shareholder invested in the
Fund, even after taking into account any reinvestment of
distributions. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsEquity Risk.
Foreign Securities Risk. Because many of the
worlds Gold Companies and Natural Resources Companies are
located outside of the United States, the Fund may have a
significant portion of its investments in securities that are
traded primarily in foreign markets and that are not subject to
the requirements of the U.S. securities laws, markets and
accounting requirements (Foreign Securities). Such
investments involve certain risks not involved in domestic
investments. Securities markets in certain foreign countries are
not as developed, efficient or liquid as securities markets in
the U.S. Therefore, the prices of Foreign Securities may be
more volatile. In addition, with respect to these securities,
the Fund will be subject to risks associated with adverse
political and economic developments in foreign countries, which
could cause the Fund to lose money on its investments in Foreign
Securities. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsForeign Securities Risk.
Emerging Markets Risk. The Fund may invest
without limit in securities of issuers whose primary operations
or principal trading market is in an emerging
market. An emerging market country is any
country that is considered to be an emerging or developing
country by the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (the World Bank). Investing in
securities of companies in emerging markets may entail special
risks relating to potential political and economic instability
and the risks of expropriation, nationalization, confiscation or
the imposition of restrictions on foreign investment, the lack
of hedging instruments and restrictions on repatriation of
capital invested. Emerging securities markets are substantially
smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the
major securities markets. The limited size of emerging
securities markets and limited trading value compared to the
volume of trading in U.S. securities could cause prices to
be erratic for reasons apart from factors that affect the
quality of the securities. For example, limited market size may
cause prices to be unduly influenced by traders who control
large positions. Adverse publicity and investors
perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may
decrease the value and liquidity of portfolio securities,
especially in these markets. Other risks include high
concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a
small number of issuers representing a limited number of
industries, as well as a high concentration of investors and
financial intermediaries; overdependence on exports, including
gold and natural resources exports, making these economies
vulnerable to changes in commodity prices; overburdened
infrastructure and obsolete or unseasoned financial systems;
environmental problems; less developed legal systems; and less
reliable securities custodial services and settlement practices.
6
Foreign Currency Risk. The Fund expects to
invest in companies whose securities are denominated or quoted
in currencies other than U.S. dollars or have significant
operations or markets outside of the U.S. In such
instances, the Fund will be exposed to currency risk, including
the risk of fluctuations in the exchange rate between
U.S. dollars (in which the Funds shares are
denominated) and such foreign currencies and the risk of
currency devaluations. Certain
non-U.S. currencies,
primarily in developing countries, have been devalued in the
past and might face devaluation in the future. Currency
devaluations generally have a significant and adverse impact on
the devaluing countrys economy in the short and
intermediate term and on the financial condition and results of
companies operations in that country. Currency
devaluations may also be accompanied by significant declines in
the values and liquidity of equity and debt securities of
affected governmental and private sector entities generally. To
the extent that affected companies have obligations denominated
in currencies other than the devalued currency, those companies
may also have difficulty in meeting those obligations under such
circumstances, which in turn could have an adverse effect upon
the value of the Funds investments in such companies.
There can be no assurance that current or future developments
with respect to foreign currency devaluations will not impair
the Funds investment flexibility, its ability to achieve
its investment objectives or the value of certain of its foreign
currency denominated investments. See Risk Factors and
Special ConsiderationsForeign Currency Risk.
Market Discount Risk. Whether investors will
realize gains or losses upon the sale of common shares of the
Fund will depend upon the market price of the shares at the time
of sale, which may be less or more than the Funds net
asset value per share. Since the market price of the common
shares will be affected by such factors as the Funds
dividend and distribution levels (which are in turn affected by
expenses) and stability, net asset value, market liquidity, the
relative demand for and supply of the common shares in the
market, unrealized gains, general market and economic conditions
and other factors beyond the control of the Fund, the Fund
cannot predict whether the common shares will trade at, below or
above net asset value or at, below or above the public offering
price. Shares of closed-end funds often trade at a discount from
their net asset value and the Funds shares may trade at
such a discount. This risk may be greater for investors
expecting to sell their common shares of the Fund soon after the
completion of the public offering. The common shares of the Fund
are designed primarily for long-term investors, and investors in
the common shares should not view the Fund as a vehicle for
trading purposes. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsMarket Discount Risk.
Common Stock Risk. Common stock of an issuer
in the Funds portfolio may decline in price for a variety
of reasons including if the issuer fails to make anticipated
dividend payments. Common stock is structurally subordinated as
to income and residual value to preferred stock and debt in a
companys capital structure, and therefore will be subject
to greater dividend risk than preferred stock or debt
instruments of such issuers. While common stock has historically
generated higher average returns over long measurement periods
than fixed income securities, common stock has also experienced
significantly more volatility in those returns. See Risk
Factors and Special ConsiderationsCommon Stock Risk.
Convertible Securities Risk. Convertible
securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields
than non-convertible securities of similar quality. The market
values of convertible securities tend to decline as interest
rates increase and, conversely, to increase as interest rates
decline. In the absence of adequate anti-dilution provisions in
a convertible security, dilution in the value of the Funds
holding may occur in the event the underlying stock is
subdivided, additional equity securities are issued for below
market value, a stock dividend is declared, or the issuer enters
into another type of corporate transaction that has a similar
effect. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsConvertible Securities Risk.
Income Risk. The income shareholders receive
from the Fund is expected to be based primarily on income the
Fund earns from its investment strategy of writing covered calls
and dividends and other distributions received from its
investments. If the Funds covered call strategy fails to
generate sufficient income or the distribution rates or yields
of the Funds holdings decrease, shareholders income
from the Fund could decline. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsIncome Risk.
7
Distribution Risk for Equity Income Portfolio
Securities. The Fund intends to invest in the
shares of issuers that pay dividends or other distributions.
Such dividends or other distributions are not guaranteed, and an
issuer may forgo paying dividends or other distributions at any
time and for any reason. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsDistribution Risk for Equity Income
Portfolio Securities.
Special Risks Related to Preferred
Securities. Special risks associated with
investing in preferred securities include deferral of
distributions or dividend payments, in some cases the right of
an issuer never to pay missed dividends, subordination to debt
and other liabilities, illiquidity, limited voting rights and
redemption by the issuer. Because the Fund has no limit on its
investment in non-cumulative preferred securities, the amount of
dividends the Fund pays may be adversely affected if an issuer
of a non-cumulative preferred stock held by the Fund determines
not to pay dividends on such stock. There is no assurance that
dividends or distributions on preferred stock in which the Fund
invests will be declared or otherwise made payable. See
Risk Factors and Special ConsiderationsSpecial Risks
Related to Preferred Securities.
Interest Rate Risk. Rising interest rates
generally adversely affect the financial performance of Gold
Companies and Natural Resources Companies by increasing their
costs of capital. This may reduce their ability to execute
acquisitions or expansion projects in a cost-effective manner.
During periods of declining interest rates, the issuer of a
preferred stock or fixed income security may be able to exercise
an option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled, forcing
the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities. This is known
as call or prepayment risk. During periods of rising interest
rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be
extended because of slower than expected principal payments.
This may prolong the length of time the security pays a below
market interest rate, increase the securitys duration and
reduce the value of the security. This is known as extension
risk. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsInterest Rate Risk.
Inflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk
that the value of assets or income from investments will be
worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of
money. As inflation increases, the real value of the Funds
shares and distributions thereon can decline. In addition,
during any periods of rising inflation, dividend rates of any
variable rate preferred shares or debt securities issued by the
Fund would likely increase, which would tend to further reduce
returns to common shareholders. See Risk Factors and
Special ConsiderationsInflation Risk.
Illiquid Investments. Although the Fund
expects that its portfolio will primarily be comprised of liquid
securities, the Fund may invest up to 15% of its assets in
unregistered securities and otherwise illiquid investments.
Unregistered securities are securities that cannot be sold
publicly in the United States without registration under the
Securities Act of 1933. An illiquid investment is a security or
other investment that cannot be disposed of within seven days in
the ordinary course of business at approximately the value at
which the Fund has valued the investment. Unregistered
securities often can be resold only in privately negotiated
transactions with a limited number of purchasers or in a public
offering registered under the Securities Act of 1933.
Considerable delay could be encountered in either event and,
unless otherwise contractually provided for, the Funds
proceeds upon sale may be reduced by the costs of registration
or underwriting discounts. The difficulties and delays
associated with such transactions could result in the
Funds inability to realize a favorable price upon
disposition of unregistered securities, and at times might make
disposition of such securities impossible. In addition, the Fund
may be unable to sell other illiquid investments when it desires
to do so, resulting in the Fund obtaining a lower price or being
required to retain the investment. Illiquid investments
generally must be valued at fair value, which is inherently less
precise than utilizing market values for liquid investments, and
may lead to differences between the price a security is valued
for determining the Funds net asset value and the price
the Fund actually receives upon sale. See Risk Factors and
Special ConsiderationsIlliquid Investments.
Investment Companies. The Fund may invest in
the securities of other investment companies, including exchange
traded funds. To the extent the Fund invests in the common
equity of investment companies, the Fund will bear its ratable
share of any such investment companys expenses, including
management fees. The Fund will also remain obligated to pay
management fees to the Investment Adviser with respect to the
assets
8
invested in the securities of other investment companies. In
these circumstances, holders of the Funds common shares
will be in effect subject to duplicative investment expenses.
See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsInvestment Companies.
Special Risks of Derivative Transactions. The
Fund may participate in derivative transactions. Such
transactions entail certain execution, market, liquidity,
hedging and tax risks. Participation in the options or futures
markets and in currency exchange transactions involves
investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would
not be subject absent the use of these strategies. If the
Investment Advisers prediction of movements in the
direction of the securities, foreign currency and interest rate
markets is inaccurate, the consequences to the Fund may leave
the Fund in a worse position than if it had not used such
strategies. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsSpecial Risks of Derivative
Transactions.
Lower Grade Securities. The Fund may invest up
to 10% of its assets in fixed income and convertible securities
rated in the lower rating categories of recognized statistical
rating agencies, such as securities rated CCC or
lower by Standard & Poors Ratings Services
(S&P) or Caa by Moodys
Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), or non-rated
securities of comparable quality. These high yield securities,
also sometimes referred to as junk bonds, generally
pay a premium above the yields of U.S. government
securities or debt securities of investment grade issuers
because they are subject to greater risks than these securities.
See Risk Factors and Special ConsiderationsLower
Grade Securities.
Leverage Risk. The use of leverage, which can
be described as exposure to changes in price at a ratio greater
than the amount of equity invested, either through the issuance
of preferred shares, borrowing or other forms of market
exposure, magnifies both the favorable and unfavorable effects
of price movements in the investments made by the Fund. To the
extent that the Fund is leveraged in its investment operations,
the Fund will be subject to substantial risk of loss. The Fund
cannot assure you that borrowings or the issuance of preferred
shares will result in a higher yield or return to the holders of
the common shares.
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Preferred Share Risk. The issuance of
preferred shares causes the net asset value and market value of
the common shares to become more volatile. If the dividend rate
on the preferred shares approaches the net rate of return on the
Funds investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage to the
holders of the common shares would be reduced. If the dividend
rate on the preferred shares plus the management fee annual rate
of 1.00% exceeds the net rate of return on the Funds
portfolio, the leverage will result in a lower rate of return to
the holders of common shares than if the Fund had not issued
preferred shares.
|
Any decline in the net asset value of the Funds
investments would be borne entirely by the holders of common
shares. Therefore, if the market value of the Funds
portfolio declines, the leverage will result in a greater
decrease in net asset value to the holders of common shares than
if the Fund were not leveraged. This greater net asset value
decrease will also tend to cause a greater decline in the market
price for the common shares. The Fund might be in danger of
failing to maintain the required asset coverage of the preferred
shares or of losing its ratings on the preferred shares or, in
an extreme case, the Funds current investment income might
not be sufficient to meet the dividend requirements on the
preferred shares. In order to counteract such an event, the Fund
might need to liquidate investments in order to fund a
redemption of some or all of the preferred shares.
In addition, the Fund pays (and the holders of common shares
will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and
ongoing maintenance of the preferred shares, including
additional advisory fees. Holders of preferred shares may have
different interests than holders of common shares and at times
may have disproportionate influence over the Funds
affairs. Holders of preferred shares, voting separately as a
single class, have the right to elect two members of the Board
of Trustees at all times and in the event dividends become in
arrears for two full years would have the right to elect a
majority of the Trustees until the arrearage is completely
eliminated. In addition, preferred shareholders have class
voting rights on certain matters, including changes in
fundamental investment restrictions and conversion of the Fund
to open-end status, and accordingly can veto any such changes.
9
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Portfolio Guidelines of Rating Agencies for Preferred Shares
and/or
Credit Facility. In order to obtain attractive
credit quality ratings for preferred shares or borrowings, the
Fund must comply with investment quality, diversification and
other guidelines established by the relevant rating agencies.
These guidelines could affect portfolio decisions and may be
more stringent than those imposed by the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act).
|
Dependence on Key Personnel. The Investment
Adviser is dependent upon the expertise of Mr. Mario J.
Gabelli. If the Investment Adviser were to lose the services of
Mr. Gabelli, it could be adversely affected. There can be
no assurance that a suitable replacement could be found for
Mr. Gabelli in the event of his death, resignation,
retirement or inability to act on behalf of the Investment
Adviser. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsDependence on Key Personnel.
Long-Term Objective; Not a Complete Investment
Program. The Fund is intended for investors
seeking a high level of current income. The Fund is not meant to
provide a vehicle for those who wish to exploit short-term
swings in the stock market. An investment in shares of the Fund
should not be considered a complete investment program. Each
shareholder should take into account the Funds investment
objectives as well as the shareholders other investments
when considering an investment in the Fund. See Risk
Factors and Special ConsiderationsLong-Term Objective; Not
a Complete Investment Program.
Management Risk. The Fund is subject to
management risk because its portfolio is actively managed. The
Investment Adviser applies investment techniques and risk
analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there
can be no guarantee that these will produce the desired results.
See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsManagement Risk.
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund may have a high
turnover ratio which may result in higher expenses and lower
after-tax return to shareholders than if the Fund had a lower
turnover ratio.
Non-Diversified Status. As a non-diversified
investment company under the 1940 Act, the Fund may invest a
greater portion of its assets in a more limited number of
issuers than may a diversified fund, and accordingly, an
investment in the Fund may present greater risk to an investor
than an investment in a diversified company. See Risk
Factors and Special ConsiderationsNon-Diversified
Status.
Geopolitical Events. As a result of the
terrorist attacks on domestic U.S. targets on September 11,
2001, some of the U.S. securities markets were closed for a
four-day
period. These terrorists attacks, the war in Iraq and its
aftermath and other geopolitical events have led to, and may in
the future lead to, increased short-term market volatility and
may have long-term effects on U.S. and world economies and
markets. The nature, scope and duration of the war and
occupation cannot be predicted with any certainty. Similar
events in the future or other disruptions of financial markets
could affect interest rates, securities exchanges, auctions,
secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation, energy
prices and other factors relating to the common shares. See
Risk Factors and Special ConsiderationsGeopolitical
Events.
Anti-Takeover Provisions. The Funds
governing documents include provisions that could limit the
ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the
Fund or convert the Fund to an open-end fund. See Risk
Factors and Special ConsiderationsAnti-Takeover
Provisions and Anti-Takeover Provisions of the
Funds Governing Documents.
Management
and Fees
Gabelli Funds, LLC serves as the Funds Investment Adviser
and is compensated for its services and its related expenses at
an annual rate of 1.00% of the Funds average weekly net
assets, with no deduction for the liquidation preference of any
outstanding preferred shares. Consequently, if the Fund has
preferred shares outstanding, the management fee as a percentage
of net assets attributable to the common shares will be higher.
The Investment Adviser is responsible for administration of the
Fund and currently utilizes and pays the fees of a third party
sub-administrator. See Management of the Fund.
10
Repurchase
of Common Shares and Anti-Takeover Provisions
The Funds Board of Trustees has authorized the Fund (and
the Fund accordingly reserves freedom of action) to repurchase
its common shares in the open market when the common shares are
trading at a discount of 7.5% or more from net asset value (or
such other percentage as the Board of Trustees may determine
from time to time). Although the Board of Trustees has
authorized such repurchases, the Fund is not required to
repurchase its common shares. The Board of Trustees has not
established a limit on the number of shares that could be
purchased during such period. Such repurchases are subject to
certain notice and other requirements under the 1940 Act. See
Repurchase of Common Shares.
Certain provisions of the Funds Agreement and Declaration
of Trust and By-Laws (collectively, the Governing
Documents) may be regarded as anti-takeover
provisions. Pursuant to these provisions, only one of three
classes of Trustees is elected each year, and the affirmative
vote of the holders of 75% of the outstanding shares of the Fund
are necessary to authorize the conversion of the Fund from a
closed-end to an open-end investment company or to authorize
certain transactions between the Fund and a beneficial owner of
more than 5% of any class of the Funds capital stock. The
overall effect of these provisions is to render more difficult
the accomplishment of a merger with, or the assumption of
control by, a principal shareholder. These provisions may have
the effect of depriving Fund common shareholders of an
opportunity to sell their shares at a premium to the prevailing
market price. The issuance of preferred shares could make it
more difficult for the holders of common shares to avoid the
effect of these provisions. See Anti-Takeover Provisions
of the Funds Governing Documents.
Custodian,
Transfer Agent and Dividend Disbursing Agent
The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation (Mellon),
located at 135 Santilli Highway, Everett, Massachusetts 02149,
serves as the custodian (the Custodian) of the
Funds assets pursuant to a custody agreement. Under the
custody agreement, the Custodian holds the Funds assets in
compliance with the 1940 Act. For its services, the Custodian
will receive a monthly fee paid by the Fund based upon, among
other things, the average value of the total assets of the Fund,
plus certain charges for securities transactions and
out-of-pocket expenses.
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company
(American Stock Transfer), located at 59 Maiden
Lane, New York, New York 10038, serves as the Funds
distribution disbursing agent, as agent under the Funds
automatic dividend reinvestment and voluntary cash purchase plan
and as transfer agent and registrar with respect to the common
shares of the Fund.
11
SUMMARY
OF FUND EXPENSES
The following table shows the Funds expenses as a
percentage of net assets attributable to common shares.
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Shareholder Transaction Expenses
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Sales Load (as a percentage of offering price)
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3.00%(1)
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Offering Expenses Borne by the Fund (as a percentage of offering
price)
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0.19%(1)
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Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees
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None(2)
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Percentage of Net
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Assets Attributable
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to Common Shares
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Annual Expenses
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Management Fees
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1.22
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%(3)
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Interest on Borrowed Funds
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None
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Other Expenses
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0.43
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%(3)
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Total Annual Expenses
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1.65
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%(3)
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(1) |
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Estimated maximum amount based on offering of $250 million
in common shares. The actual amounts in connection with any
offering will be set forth in the Prospectus Supplement if
applicable. |
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(2) |
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You will be charged a $1.00 service charge and pay brokerage
charges if you direct the plan agent to sell your common shares
held in a dividend reinvestment account. |
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(3) |
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The Investment Advisers fee is 1.00% annually of the
Funds average weekly net assets, with no deduction for the
liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred shares.
Consequently, if the Fund has preferred shares outstanding, the
investment management fees and other expenses as a percentage of
net assets attributable to common shares will be higher than if
the Fund does not utilize a leveraged capital structure.
Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for
the current year assuming completion of the proposed issuances. |
The purpose of the table above and the example below is to help
you understand all fees and expenses that you, as a holder of
common shares, would bear directly or indirectly.
12
The following example illustrates the expenses (including the
maximum estimated sales load of $30 and estimated offering
expenses of $2 from the issuance of $250 million in common
shares) you would pay on a $1,000 investment in common shares,
assuming a 5% annual portfolio total return.* The actual amounts
in connection with any offering will be set forth in the
Prospectus Supplement if applicable.
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1 Year
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3 Years
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5 Years
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10 Years
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Total Expenses Incurred
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$
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48
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$
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82
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$
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119
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$
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221
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* The example should not be considered a representation
of future expenses. The example assumes that the amounts set
forth in the Annual Expenses table are accurate and that all
distributions are reinvested at net asset value. Actual expenses
may be greater or less than those assumed. Moreover, the
Funds actual rate of return may be greater or less than
the hypothetical 5% return shown in the example.
USE OF
PROCEEDS
The Investment Adviser expects that it will initially invest the
proceeds of the offering in high quality short-term debt
securities and instruments. The Investment Adviser anticipates
that the investment of the proceeds will be made in accordance
with the Funds investment objectives and policies as
appropriate investment opportunities are identified, which is
expected to substantially be completed within three months;
however, changes in market conditions could result in the
Funds anticipated investment period extending to as long
as six months.
13
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The selected data below sets forth the per share operating
performance and ratios for the period presented. The financial
information was derived from and should be read in conjunction
with the Financial Statements of the Fund and Notes thereto,
which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus and the
SAI. The financial information for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2008 and for each of the preceding fiscal
periods presented since inception, has been audited by
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the Funds independent
registered public accounting firm, whose unqualified report on
such Financial Statements is incorporated by reference into the
SAI.
Selected data for a share of beneficial interest outstanding
throughout each period:
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Year Ended December 31,
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Period Ended
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2008
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2007
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2006
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December 31, 2005(e)
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Operating Performance:
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Net asset value, beginning of period
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$
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29.48
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$
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24.10
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$
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21.99
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$
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19.06
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(f)
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Net investment income/(loss)
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0.10
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(0.02
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)
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0.08
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0.08
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Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments, swap
contracts, securities sold short, written options, and foreign
currency transactions
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(17.18
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)
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7.61
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3.77
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4.01
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Total from investment operations
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(17.08
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)
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7.59
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3.85
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4.09
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Distributions to Preferred Shareholders: (a)
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Net investment income
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(0.08
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)
|
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(0.01
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)
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Net realized gain
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(0.28
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)
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(0.07
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)
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Total distributions to preferred shareholders
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(0.36
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)
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(0.08
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Distributions to Common Shareholders:
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Net investment income
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(0.13
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)
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(0.15
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)
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(0.07
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)
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Net realized gain
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(0.48
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)
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(1.78
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)
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(1.74
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)
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(1.09
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)
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Return of capital
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(1.07
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)
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total distributions to common shareholders
|
|
|
(1.68
|
)
|
|
|
(1.93
|
)
|
|
|
(1.74
|
)
|
|
|
(1.16
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Share Transactions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase/(decrease) in net asset value from common share
transactions
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
0.00
|
(d)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.00
|
)(d)
|
Increase in net asset value from repurchases of preferred shares
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Offering costs for preferred shares charged to paid-in capital
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total fund share transactions
|
|
|
0.03
|
|
|
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.00
|
)(d)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
$
|
10.39
|
|
|
$
|
29.48
|
|
|
$
|
24.10
|
|
|
$
|
21.99
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NAV total return
|
|
|
(61.59
|
)%
|
|
|
31.47
|
%
|
|
|
18.29
|
%
|
|
|
22.0
|
%*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Market value, end of period
|
|
$
|
13.10
|
|
|
$
|
29.15
|
|
|
$
|
24.60
|
|
|
$
|
21.80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment total return
|
|
|
(50.94
|
)%
|
|
|
27.40
|
%
|
|
|
21.86
|
%
|
|
|
15.2
|
%**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets including liquidation value of preferred shares, end
of period (in 000s)
|
|
$
|
289,046
|
|
|
$
|
633,253
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets attributable to common shares, end of period
(in 000s)
|
|
$
|
190,109
|
|
|
$
|
533,253
|
|
|
$
|
432,741
|
|
|
$
|
390,209
|
|
Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets
attributable to common shares
|
|
|
0.39
|
%
|
|
|
(0.09
|
)%
|
|
|
0.42
|
%
|
|
|
0.47
|
%(g)
|
Ratio of operating expenses to average net assets attributable
to common shares (b)
|
|
|
1.69
|
%
|
|
|
1.45
|
%
|
|
|
1.17
|
%
|
|
|
1.15
|
%(g)
|
Ratio of operating expenses to average net assets including
liquidation value of preferred shares (b)
|
|
|
1.37
|
%
|
|
|
1.39
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio turnover rate
|
|
|
41.5
|
%
|
|
|
71.3
|
%
|
|
|
114.8
|
%
|
|
|
142.5
|
%
|
14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Period Ended
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
December 31, 2005(e)
|
|
|
Preferred Shares:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.625% Series A Cumulative Preferred Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liquidation value, end of period (in 000s)
|
|
$
|
98,937
|
|
|
$
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shares outstanding (in 000s)
|
|
|
3,957
|
|
|
|
4,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liquidation preference per share
|
|
$
|
25.00
|
|
|
$
|
25.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average market value (c)
|
|
$
|
24.10
|
|
|
$
|
24.16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset coverage per share
|
|
$
|
73.04
|
|
|
$
|
158.31
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset coverage
|
|
|
292
|
%
|
|
|
633
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Based on net asset value per share, adjusted for reinvestment of
distributions at the net asset value per share on the
ex-dividend dates. Total return for a period of less than one
year is not annualized. |
|
|
|
Based on market value per share, adjusted for reinvestment of
distributions at prices obtained under the Funds dividend
reinvestment plan. Total return for a period of less than one
year is not annualized. |
|
|
|
Effective in 2008, a change in accounting policy was adopted
with regard to the calculation of the portfolio turnover rate to
include cash proceeds due to mergers. Had this policy been
adopted retroactively, the portfolio turnover rate for the year
ended December 31, 2007 and period ended December 31,
2005 would have been 77.7% and 143.3%, respectively. The
portfolio turnover rate for the year ended 2006 would have been
as shown. |
|
* |
|
Based on net asset value per share at commencement of operations
of $19.06 per share. |
|
** |
|
Based on market value per share at initial public offering of
$20.00 per share. |
|
(a) |
|
Calculated based upon average common shares outstanding on the
record dates throughout the periods. |
|
(b) |
|
The Fund incurred interest expense during December 31,
2008, 2007, and 2006. If Interest expense had not been incurred,
the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets
attributable to common shares would have been 1.54%, 1.33%, and
1.16%, respectively, and for 2008 and 2007, the ratio of
operating expenses to average net assets including liquidation
value of preferred shares would have been 1.25% and 1.27%,
respectively. |
|
(c) |
|
Based on weekly prices. |
|
(d) |
|
Amount represents less than $0.005 per share. |
|
(e) |
|
The Fund commenced investment operations on March 31, 2005. |
|
(f) |
|
The beginning of period NAV reflects a $0.04 reduction for costs
associated with the initial public offering. |
|
(g) |
|
Annualized. |
15
THE
FUND
The Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment
company registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund was organized as
a Delaware statutory trust on January 4, 2005, pursuant to
an Agreement and Declaration of Trust governed by the laws of
the State of Delaware. The Fund commenced investment operations
on March 31, 2005. The Funds principal office is
located at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York,
10580-1422
and its telephone number is
(800) 422-3554.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
Investment
Objectives
The Funds primary investment objective is to provide a
high level of current income. The Funds secondary
investment objective is to seek capital appreciation consistent
with the Funds strategy and its primary objective. Under
normal market conditions, the Fund will attempt to achieve its
objectives by investing at least 80% of its assets in equity
securities of companies principally engaged in the gold industry
and the natural resources industries. The Fund will invest at
least 25% of its assets in the equity securities of companies
principally engaged in the exploration, mining, fabrication,
processing, distribution or trading of gold or the financing,
managing, controlling or operating of companies engaged in
gold-related activities. In addition, the Fund will
invest at least 25% of its assets in the equity securities of
companies principally engaged in the exploration, production or
distribution of natural resources, such as gas, oil, paper, food
and agriculture, forestry products, metals and minerals as well
as related transportation companies and equipment manufacturers.
The Fund may invest in the securities of companies located
anywhere in the world. Under normal market conditions, the Fund
will invest at least 40% of its assets in the securities of
issuers located in at least three countries other than the
U.S. For this purpose an issuer will be treated as located
outside the U.S. if it is either organized or headquartered
outside the U.S. and has a substantial portion of its
operations or sales outside the U.S. Equity securities may
include common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities,
warrants, depository receipts and equity interests in trusts and
other entities. Other Fund investments may include investment
companies, securities of issuers subject to reorganization or
other risk arbitrage investments, certain derivative
instruments, debt (including obligations of the
U.S. Government) and money market instruments.
As part of its investment strategy, the Fund intends to generate
gains through an option strategy of writing (selling) covered
call options on equity securities in its portfolio. When the
Fund sells a covered call option, it generates gains in the form
of the premium paid by the buyer of the call option, but the
Fund forgoes the opportunity to participate in any increase in
the value of the underlying equity security above the exercise
price of the option.
Investment
Methodology of the Fund
In selecting securities for the Fund, the Investment Adviser
normally will consider the following factors, among others:
|
|
|
|
|
the industry of the issuer of a security;
|
|
|
|
|
|
the ability of the Fund to earn possible gains from writing
covered call options on such securities;
|
|
|
|
|
|
the interest or dividend income generated by the securities;
|
|
|
|
the potential for capital appreciation of the securities;
|
|
|
|
the prices of the securities relative to other comparable
securities;
|
|
|
|
whether the securities are entitled to the benefits of call
protection or other protective covenants;
|
|
|
|
the existence of any anti-dilution protections or guarantees of
the security; and
|
|
|
|
the number and size of investments of the portfolio as to
issuers.
|
16
The Investment Advisers investment philosophy with respect
to selecting investments in the gold industry and the natural
resources industries is to emphasize quality and value, as
determined by such factors as asset quality, balance sheet
leverage, management ability, reserve life, cash flow, and
commodity hedging exposure. In addition, in making stock
selections, the Investment Adviser looks for securities that it
believes may have a superior yield as well as capital gains
potential.
Certain
Investment Practices
Gold Industry Concentration. Under normal
market conditions the Fund will invest at least 25% of its
assets in the equity securities of Gold Companies. Gold
Companies are those that are principally engaged in the
exploration, mining, fabrication, processing, distribution or
trading of gold, or the financing, managing, controlling or
operating of companies engaged in gold-related
activities. The Funds investments in Gold Companies will
generally be in the common equity of Gold Companies, but the
Fund may also invest in preferred stocks, securities convertible
into common stocks, and securities such as rights and warrants
that have common stock characteristics.
In selecting investments in Gold Companies for the Fund, the
Investment Adviser focuses on stocks that are undervalued, but
which appear to have favorable prospects for growth. Factors
considered in this determination include capitalization per
ounce of gold production, capitalization per ounce of
recoverable reserves, quality of management and ability to
create shareholder wealth. Because most of the worlds gold
production is outside of the United States, the Fund may have a
significant portion of its investments in Gold Companies in
securities of foreign issuers, including those located in
developed as well as emerging markets. The percentage of Fund
assets invested in particular countries or regions will change
from time to time based on the Investment Advisers
judgment. Among other things, the Investment Adviser will
consider the economic stability and economic outlook of these
countries and regions. See Risk Factors and Special
ConsiderationsIndustry Risks.
Natural Resources Industries
Concentration. Under normal market conditions,
the Fund will invest at least 25% of its assets in equity
securities of Natural Resources Companies. Natural
Resources Companies are those that are principally engaged
in the exploration, production or distribution of energy or
natural resources, such as gas, oil, paper, food and
agriculture, forestry products, metals and minerals as well as
related transportation companies and equipment manufacturers.
Principally engaged, as used in this prospectus, means a company
that derives at least 50% of its revenues or earnings or devotes
at least 50% of its assets to gold or natural resources related
activities, as the case may be.
Covered Calls and Other Option
Transactions. The Fund intends to generate gains
through an option strategy which will normally consist of
writing (selling) call options on equity securities in its
portfolio (covered calls), but may, in amounts up to
15% of the Funds assets, consist of writing uncovered call
options on additional amounts of such securities beyond the
amounts held in its portfolio, on other securities not held in
its portfolio, on indices comprised of Gold Companies or Natural
Resources Companies or on exchange traded funds comprised of
such issuers and also may consist of writing put options on
securities in its portfolio. Writing a covered call is the
selling of an option contract entitling the buyer to purchase an
underlying security that the Fund owns, while writing an
uncovered call is the selling of such a contract entitling the
buyer to purchase a security the Fund does not own or in an
amount in excess of the amount the Fund owns. When the Fund
sells a call option, it generates gains in the form of the
premium paid by the buyer of the call option, but the Fund
forgoes the opportunity to participate in any increase in the
value of the underlying equity security above the exercise price
of the option. The writer of the call option has the obligation,
upon exercise of the option, to deliver the underlying security
or currency upon payment of the exercise price during the option
period.
A put option is the reverse of a call option, giving the buyer
the right, in return for a premium, to sell the underlying
security to the writer, at a specified price, and obligating the
writer to purchase the underlying security from the holder at
that price. When the Fund sells a put option, it generates gains
in the form of the
17
premium paid by the buyer of the put option, but the Fund will
have the obligation to buy the underlying security at the
exercise price if the price of the security decreases below the
exercise price of the option.
If the Fund has written a call option, it may terminate its
obligation by effecting a closing purchase transaction. This is
accomplished by purchasing a call option with the same terms as
the option previously written. However, once the Fund has been
assigned an exercise notice, the Fund will be unable to effect a
closing purchase transaction. Similarly, if the Fund is the
holder of an option, it may liquidate its position by effecting
a closing sale transaction. This is accomplished by selling an
option with the same terms as the option previously purchased.
There can be no assurance that either a closing purchase or sale
transaction can be effected when the Fund so desires.
The Fund will realize a profit from a closing transaction if the
price of the transaction is less than the premium it received
from writing the option or is more than the premium it paid to
purchase the option; the Fund will realize a loss from a closing
transaction if the price of the transaction is more than the
premium it received from writing the option or is less than the
premium it paid to purchase the option. Since call option prices
generally reflect increases in the price of the underlying
security, any loss resulting from the repurchase of a call
option may also be wholly or partially offset by unrealized
appreciation of the underlying security. Other principal factors
affecting the market value of a put or a call option include
supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price and
price volatility of the underlying security and the time
remaining until the expiration date. Gains and losses on
investments in options depend, in part, on the ability of the
Investment Adviser to predict correctly the effect of these
factors. The use of options cannot serve as a complete hedge
since the price movement of securities underlying the options
will not necessarily follow the price movements of the portfolio
securities subject to the hedge.
An option position may be closed out only on an exchange that
provides a secondary market for an option with the same terms or
in a private transaction. Although the Fund will generally
purchase or write options for which there appears to be an
active secondary market, there is no assurance that a liquid
secondary market on an exchange will exist for any particular
option. In such event, it might not be possible to effect
closing transactions in particular options, so that the Fund
would have to exercise its options in order to realize any
profit and would incur brokerage commissions upon the exercise
of call options and upon the subsequent disposition of
underlying securities for the exercise of put options.
When the Fund writes an uncovered call option or put option, it
will segregate liquid assets with its custodian in an amount
equal to the amount, adjusted daily, by which such option is in
the money or will treat the unsegregated amount as borrowings.
Although the Investment Adviser will attempt to take appropriate
measures to minimize the risks relating to the Funds
writing and purchasing of put and call options, there can be no
assurance that the Fund will succeed in any option-writing
program it undertakes. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Risks Associated with Covered Calls
and Other Options.
Foreign Securities. Because many of the
worlds Gold Companies and Natural Resources Companies are
located outside of the U.S., the Fund may have a significant
portion of its investments in securities of foreign issuers,
which are generally denominated in foreign currencies. See
Risk Factors and Special ConsiderationsForeign
Securities Risk.
The Fund may also purchase sponsored American Depository
Receipts (ADRs) or U.S. dollar denominated
securities of foreign issuers. ADRs are receipts issued by
U.S. banks or trust companies in respect of securities of
foreign issuers held on deposit for use in the
U.S. securities markets.
Emerging Markets. The Fund may invest without
limit in securities of emerging market issuers. These securities
may be U.S. dollar denominated or
non-U.S. dollar
denominated, including emerging market country currency
denominated. An emerging market country is any
country that is considered to be an emerging or developing
country by the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (the World Bank). Emerging market
countries generally include every nation in the world except the
U.S., Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and most countries
located in Western Europe.
18
Registered Investment Companies. The Fund may
invest in registered investment companies in accordance with the
1940 Act, to the extent consistent with the Funds
investment objectives, including exchange traded funds that
concentrate in investments in the gold or natural resources
industries. The 1940 Act generally prohibits the Fund from
investing more than 5% of its assets in any one other investment
company or more than 10% of its assets in all other investment
companies. However, many exchange-traded funds are exempt from
these limitations.
Illiquid Investments. The Fund may invest up
to 15% of its net assets in securities for which there is no
readily available trading market or are otherwise illiquid.
Illiquid securities include, among other things, securities
legally restricted as to resale such as commercial paper issued
pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, 144A
securities, written over-the-counter options, repurchase
agreements with maturities in excess of seven days, certain loan
participation interests, fixed time deposits which are not
subject to prepayment or provide for withdrawal penalties upon
prepayment (other than overnight deposits), and other securities
whose disposition is restricted under the federal securities
laws. Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may,
however, be treated as liquid by the Investment Adviser pursuant
to procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees, which require
consideration of factors such as trading activity, availability
of market quotations and number of dealers willing to purchase
the security. If the Fund invests in Rule 144A securities,
the level of portfolio illiquidity may be increased to the
extent that eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing
such securities.
It may be more difficult to sell illiquid securities at an
attractive price until such time as such securities may be sold
publicly. Where registration is desired, a considerable period
may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the
time when registration is complete. Thus, the Fund may not be
able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the
time of the decision to sell. The Fund may also acquire
securities with contractual restrictions on the resale of such
securities. Such restrictions might prevent their sale at a time
when such sale would otherwise be desirable.
Income Securities. The Fund may invest in
other equity securities that are expected to periodically accrue
or generate income for their holders such as common and
preferred stocks of issuers that have historically paid periodic
dividends or otherwise made distributions to stockholders.
Unlike fixed income securities, dividend payments generally are
not guaranteed and so may be discontinued by the issuer at its
discretion or because of the issuers inability to satisfy
its liabilities. Further, an issuers history of paying
dividends does not guarantee that it will continue to pay
dividends in the future. In addition to dividends, under certain
circumstances the holders of common stock may benefit from the
capital appreciation of the issuer.
In addition, the Fund also may invest in fixed income securities
such as convertible securities, bonds, debentures, notes, stock,
short-term discounted Treasury Bills or certain securities of
the U.S. government sponsored instrumentalities, as well as
money market mutual funds that invest in those securities,
which, in the absence of an applicable exemptive order, will not
be affiliated with the Investment Adviser. Fixed income
securities obligate the issuer to pay to the holder of the
security a specified return, which may be either fixed or reset
periodically in accordance with the terms of the security. Fixed
income securities generally are senior to an issuers
common stock and their holders generally are entitled to receive
amounts due before any distributions are made to common
stockholders. Common stocks, on the other hand, generally do not
obligate an issuer to make periodic distributions to holders.
The Fund may also invest in obligations of government sponsored
instrumentalities. Unlike
non-U.S. government
securities, obligations of certain agencies and
instrumentalities of the U.S. government, such as the
Government National Mortgage Association, are supported by the
full faith and credit of the U.S. government;
others, such as those of the Export-Import Bank of the U.S., are
supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the
U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the Federal
National Mortgage Association, are supported by the
discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase
the agencys obligations; and still others, such as those
of the Student Loan Marketing Association, are supported only by
the credit of the instrumentality. No assurance can be given
that the U.S. government would provide financial support to
U.S. government sponsored instrumentalities if it is not
obligated to do so by law. Although the Fund may invest in all
types of obligations of agencies and instrumentalities of the
U.S. government, the Fund
19
currently intends to invest only in obligations of government
sponsored instrumentalities that are supported by the full
faith and credit of the U.S. government.
When Issued, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward
Commitments. The Fund may enter into forward
commitments for the purchase or sale of securities, including on
a when issued or delayed delivery basis,
in excess of customary settlement periods for the type of
security involved. In some cases, a forward commitment may be
conditioned upon the occurrence of a subsequent event, such as
approval and consummation of a merger, corporate reorganization
or debt restructuring (i.e., a when, as and if issued security).
When such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at the
time of the commitment, with payment and delivery taking place
in the future, generally a month or more after the date of the
commitment. While it will only enter into a forward commitment
with the intention of actually acquiring the security, the Fund
may sell the security before the settlement date if it is deemed
advisable.
Securities purchased under a forward commitment are subject to
market fluctuation, and no interest (or dividends) accrues to
the Fund prior to the settlement date. The Fund will segregate
with its custodian cash or liquid securities in an aggregate
amount at least equal to the amount of its outstanding forward
commitments.
Short Sales. The Fund may make short sales as
a form of hedging to offset potential declines in long positions
in the same or similar securities, including short sales against
the box. The short sale of a security is considered a
speculative investment technique. At the time of the sale, the
Fund will own, or have the immediate and unconditional right to
acquire at no additional cost, identical or similar securities
or establish a hedge against a security of the same issuer which
may involve additional cost, such as an in the money
warrant.
Short sales against the box are subject to special
tax rules, one of the effects of which may be to accelerate the
recognition of income by the Fund. Other than with respect to
short sales against the box, the Fund will limit short sales of
securities to not more than 5% of the Funds assets. When
the Fund makes a short sale, it must deliver the security to the
broker-dealer through which it made the short sale in order to
satisfy its obligation to deliver the security upon conclusion
of the sale.
Repurchase Agreements. Repurchase agreements
may be seen as loans by the Fund collateralized by underlying
debt securities. Under the terms of a typical repurchase
agreement, the Fund would acquire an underlying debt obligation
for a relatively short period (usually not more than one week)
subject to an obligation of the seller to repurchase, and the
Fund to resell, the obligation at an agreed price and time. This
arrangement results in a fixed rate of return to the Fund that
is not subject to market fluctuations during the holding period.
The Fund bears a risk of loss in the event that the other party
to a repurchase agreement defaults on its obligations and the
Fund is delayed in or prevented from exercising its rights to
dispose of the collateral securities, including the risk of a
possible decline in the value of the underlying securities
during the period in which it seeks to assert these rights. The
Investment Adviser, acting under the supervision of the Board of
Trustees, reviews the creditworthiness of those banks and
dealers with which the Fund enters into repurchase agreements to
evaluate these risks and monitors on an ongoing basis the value
of the securities subject to repurchase agreements to ensure
that the value is maintained at the required level. The Fund
will not enter into repurchase agreements with the Investment
Adviser or any of its affiliates.
Convertible Securities. A convertible security
is a bond, debenture, note, stock or other similar security that
may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of
common stock or other equity security of the same or a different
issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price
or formula. Before conversion, convertible securities have
characteristics similar to non-convertible debt securities in
that they ordinarily provide a stream of income with generally
higher yields than those of common stock of the same or similar
issuers. Convertible securities are senior in rank to common
stock in a corporations capital structure and, therefore,
generally entail less risk than the corporations common
stock, although the extent to which such risk is reduced depends
in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible
security sells above its value as a fixed income security. See
Risk Factors and Special ConsiderationsConvertible
Securities Risk.
Lower Grade Securities. The Fund may invest up
to 10% of its net assets in fixed income and convertible
securities rated in the lower rating categories of recognized
statistical rating agencies, such as
20
securities rated CCC or lower by
Standard & Poors Ratings Services
(S&P) or Caa by Moodys
Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), or non-rated
securities of comparable quality. These debt securities are
predominantly speculative and involve major risk exposure to
adverse conditions. Debt securities that are not rated or rated
lower than BBB by S&P or lower than
Baa by Moodys (or unrated securities of
comparable quality) are referred to in the financial press as
junk bonds.
Generally, such lower grade securities and unrated securities of
comparable quality offer a higher current yield than is offered
by higher rated securities, but also (i) will likely have
some quality and protective characteristics that, in the
judgment of the rating organizations, are outweighed by large
uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions and
(ii) are predominantly speculative with respect to the
issuers capacity to pay interest and repay principal in
accordance with the terms of the obligation. The market values
of certain of these securities also tend to be more sensitive to
individual corporate developments and changes in economic
conditions than higher quality bonds. In addition, such lower
grade securities and comparable unrated securities generally
present a higher degree of credit risk. The risk of loss due to
default by these issuers is significantly greater because such
lower grade securities and unrated securities of comparable
quality generally are unsecured and frequently are subordinated
to the prior payment of senior indebtedness. In light of these
risks, the Investment Adviser, in evaluating the
creditworthiness of an issue, whether rated or unrated, will
take various factors into consideration, which may include, as
applicable, the issuers operating history, financial
resources and its sensitivity to economic conditions and trends,
the market support for the facility financed by the issue, the
perceived ability and integrity of the issuers management
and regulatory matters.
In addition, the market value of securities in lower grade
categories is more volatile than that of higher quality
securities, and the markets in which such lower grade or unrated
securities are traded are more limited than those in which
higher rated securities are traded. The existence of limited
markets may make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain
accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing its portfolio
and calculating its net asset value. Moreover, the lack of a
liquid trading market may restrict the availability of
securities for the Fund to purchase and may also have the effect
of limiting the ability of the Fund to sell securities at their
fair value to respond to changes in the economy or the financial
markets.
Lower-rated debt obligations also present risks based on payment
expectations. If an issuer calls the obligation for redemption
(often a feature of fixed income securities), the Fund may have
to replace the security with a lower yielding security,
resulting in a decreased return for investors. Also, as the
principal value of bonds moves inversely with movements in
interest rates, in the event of rising interest rates the value
of the securities held by the Fund may decline proportionately
more than a portfolio consisting of higher rated securities.
Investments in zero coupon bonds may be more speculative and
subject to greater fluctuations in value due to changes in
interest rates than bonds that pay interest currently. Interest
rates are at historical lows and, therefore, it is likely that
they will rise in the future.
As part of its investments in lower grade securities, the Fund
may invest without limit in securities of issuers in default.
The Fund will make an investment in securities of issuers in
default only when the Investment Adviser believes that such
issuers will honor their obligations or emerge from bankruptcy
protection and the value of these securities will appreciate. By
investing in securities of issuers in default, the Fund bears
the risk that these issuers will not continue to honor their
obligations or emerge from bankruptcy protection or that the
value of the securities will not appreciate.
In addition to using recognized rating agencies and other
sources, the Investment Adviser also performs its own analysis
of issues in seeking investments that it believes to be
underrated (and thus higher-yielding) in light of the financial
condition of the issuer. Its analysis of issuers may include,
among other things, current and anticipated cash flow and
borrowing requirements, value of assets in relation to
historical cost, strength of management, responsiveness to
business conditions, credit standing and current anticipated
results of operations. In selecting investments for the Fund,
the Investment Adviser may also consider general business
conditions, anticipated changes in interest rates and the
outlook for specific industries.
Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, an issue of securities
may cease to be rated or its rating may be reduced. In addition,
it is possible that statistical rating agencies might change
their ratings of a particular issue
21
to reflect subsequent events on a timely basis. Moreover, such
ratings do not assess the risk of a decline in market value.
None of these events will require the sale of the securities by
the Fund, although the Investment Adviser will consider these
events in determining whether the Fund should continue to hold
the securities.
Fixed income securities, including lower grade securities and
comparable unrated securities, frequently have call or buy-back
features that permit their issuers to call or repurchase the
securities from their holders, such as the Fund. If an issuer
exercises these rights during periods of declining interest
rates, the Fund may have to replace the security with a lower
yielding security, thus resulting in a decreased return for the
Fund.
The market for lower grade and comparable unrated securities has
at various times, particularly during times of economic
recession, experienced substantial reductions in market value
and liquidity. Past recessions have adversely affected the
ability of certain issuers of such securities to repay principal
and pay interest thereon. The market for those securities could
react in a similar fashion in the event of any future economic
recession.
Other Derivative Instruments. The Fund may
also utilize other types of derivative instruments, primarily
for hedging or risk management purposes. These instruments
include futures, forward contracts, options on such contracts
and interest rate, total return and other kinds of swaps. These
investment management techniques generally will not be
considered senior securities if the Fund establishes in a
segregated account cash or other liquid securities equal to the
Funds obligations in respect of such techniques. For a
further description of such derivative instruments, see
Investment Objectives and PoliciesAdditional
Investment Policies in the SAI.
Leveraging. As provided in the 1940 Act and
subject to certain exceptions, the Fund may issue senior
securities (which may be additional classes of stock, such as
preferred shares, or securities representing debt) so long as
its total assets, less certain ordinary course liabilities,
exceed 300% of the amount of the debt outstanding and exceed
200% of the amount of preferred shares and debt outstanding. The
use of leverage magnifies the impact of changes in net asset
value. For example, a fund that uses 33% leverage will show a
1.5% increase or decline in net asset value for each 1% increase
or decline in the value of its total assets. In addition, if the
cost of leverage exceeds the return on the securities acquired
with the proceeds of leverage, the use of leverage will diminish
rather than enhance the return to the Fund. The use of leverage
generally increases the volatility of returns to the Fund. See
Risk Factors and Special ConsiderationsLeverage
Risk.
In the event the Fund had both outstanding preferred shares and
senior securities representing debt at the same time, the
Funds obligations to pay dividends or distributions and,
upon liquidation of the Fund, liquidation payments in respect of
its preferred shares would be subordinate to the Funds
obligations to make any principal
and/or
interest payments due and owing with respect to its outstanding
senior debt securities. Accordingly, the Funds issuance of
senior securities representing debt would have the effect of
creating special risks for the Funds preferred
shareholders that would not be present in a capital structure
that did not include such securities. See Risk Factors and
Special ConsiderationsSpecial Risks Related to Preferred
Securities.
Temporary Defensive Investments. Although
under normal market conditions the Fund intends to invest at
least 80% of its assets in equity securities of companies
principally engaged in the gold industry and the natural
resources industries, when a temporary defensive posture is
believed by the Investment Adviser to be warranted
(temporary defensive periods), the Fund may without
limitation hold cash or invest its assets in money market
instruments and repurchase agreements in respect of those
instruments. The money market instruments in which the Fund may
invest are obligations of the U.S. government, its agencies
or instrumentalities; commercial paper rated
A-1 or
higher by S&P or Prime-1 by Moodys; and certificates
of deposit and bankers acceptances issued by domestic
branches of U.S. banks that are members of the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation. During temporary defensive
periods, the Fund may also invest to the extent permitted by
applicable law in shares of money market mutual funds. Money
market mutual funds are investment companies and the investments
in those companies by the Fund are in some cases subject to
applicable law. See Investment Restrictions in the
SAI. The Fund may find it more difficult to achieve the
long-term growth of capital component of its investment
objective during temporary defensive periods.
22
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund will buy and sell
securities to accomplish its investment objectives. The
investment policies of the Fund, including its strategy of
writing covered call options on securities in its portfolio, is
expected to result in portfolio turnover that is higher than
that of other investment companies, and is expected to be higher
than 100%. For the fiscal periods ended December 31, 2007
and 2008, the portfolio turnover rates were 71.3% and 41.5%,
respectively.
Portfolio turnover generally involves expense to the Fund,
including brokerage commissions or dealer
mark-ups and
other transaction costs on the sale of securities and
reinvestment in other securities. The portfolio turnover rate is
computed by dividing the lesser of the amount of the securities
purchased or securities sold by the average monthly value of
securities owned during the year (excluding securities whose
maturities at acquisition were one year or less). Higher
portfolio turnover may decrease the after-tax return to
individual investors in the Fund to the extent it results in a
decrease in the portion of the Funds distributions that is
attributable to long-term capital gain.
Interest
Rate Transactions
If the Fund borrows money or issues variable rate preferred
shares, the Fund may enter into interest rate swap or cap
transactions in relation to all or a portion of such borrowings
or shares in order to manage the impact on its portfolio of
changes in the interest or dividend rate of such borrowings or
shares. Through these transactions the Fund may, for example,
obtain the equivalent of a fixed rate for such variable rate
preferred shares that is lower than the Fund would have to pay
if it issued fixed rate preferred shares.
The use of interest rate swaps and caps is a highly specialized
activity that involves investment techniques and risks different
from those associated with ordinary portfolio security
transactions. In an interest rate swap, the Fund would agree to
pay to the other party to the interest rate swap (which is known
as the counterparty) periodically a fixed rate
payment in exchange for the counterparty agreeing to pay to the
fund periodically a variable rate payment that is intended to
approximate the Funds variable rate payment obligation on
its borrowings or variable rate preferred shares. In an interest
rate cap, the Fund would pay a premium to the counterparty to
the interest rate cap and, to the extent that a specified
variable rate index exceeds a predetermined fixed rate, would
receive from the counterparty payments of the difference based
on the notional amount of such cap. Interest rate swap and cap
transactions introduce additional risk because the Fund would
remain obligated to pay interest or preferred shares dividends
when due even if the counterparty defaulted. Depending on the
general state of short-term interest rates and the returns on
the Funds portfolio securities at that point in time, such
a default could negatively affect the Funds ability to
make interest payments or dividend payments on the preferred
shares. In addition, at the time an interest rate swap or cap
transaction reaches its scheduled termination date, there is a
risk that the Fund will not be able to obtain a replacement
transaction or that the terms of the replacement will not be as
favorable as on the expiring transaction. If this occurs, it
could have a negative impact on the Funds ability to make
interest payments or dividend payments on the preferred shares.
To the extent there is a decline in interest rates, the value of
the interest rate swap or cap could decline, resulting in a
decline in the asset coverage for the borrowings or preferred
shares. A sudden and dramatic decline in interest rates may
result in a significant decline in the asset coverage. If the
Fund fails to maintain the required asset coverage on any
outstanding preferred shares or fails to comply with other
covenants, the Fund may be required to redeem some or all of
these shares. Any redemption would likely result in the Fund
seeking to terminate early all or a portion of any swap or cap
transactions. Early termination of a swap could result in a
termination payment by the Fund to the counterparty, while early
termination of a cap could result in a termination payment to
the Fund.
The Fund will usually enter into swaps or caps on a net basis;
that is, the two payment streams will be netted out in a cash
settlement on the payment date or dates specified in the
instrument, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may
be, only the net amount of the two payments. The Fund intends to
segregate cash or liquid securities having a value at least
equal to the value of the Funds net payment obligations
under any swap transaction, marked to market daily. The Fund
will monitor any such swap with a view to ensuring that the Fund
remains in compliance with all applicable regulatory investment
policy and tax requirements.
23
RISK
FACTORS AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
Investors should consider the following risk factors and special
considerations associated with investing in the Fund:
Industry
Risks
Industry Risks. The Funds investments
will be concentrated in each of the gold and natural resources
industries. Because the Fund is concentrated in these
industries, it may present more risks than if it were broadly
diversified over numerous industries and sectors of the economy.
A downturn in the gold or natural resources industries would
have a larger impact on the Fund than on an investment company
that does not concentrate in such industries.
Under normal market conditions the Fund will invest at least 25%
of its assets in equity securities of Gold Companies. Equity
securities of Gold Companies may experience greater volatility
than companies not involved in the gold industry. Investments
related to gold are considered speculative and are affected by a
variety of worldwide economic, financial and political factors.
The price of gold may fluctuate sharply over short periods of
time due to changes in inflation or expectations regarding
inflation in various countries, the availability of supplies of
gold, changes in industrial and commercial demand, gold sales by
governments, central banks or international agencies, investment
speculation, monetary and other economic policies of various
governments and government restrictions on private ownership of
gold. In times of significant inflation or great economic
uncertainty, Gold Companies have historically outperformed
securities markets generally. However, in times of stable
economic growth, traditional equity and debt investments could
offer greater appreciation potential and the value of gold and
the prices of equity securities of Gold Companies may be
adversely affected, which could in turn affect the Funds
returns. Some Gold Companies hedge, to varying degrees, their
exposure to declines in the price of gold. Such hedging limits a
Gold Companys ability to benefit from future rises in the
price of gold. The Investment Advisers judgments about
trends in the prices of securities of Gold Companies may prove
to be incorrect. It is possible that the performance of
securities of Gold Companies may lag the performance of other
industries or the broader market as a whole.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least
25% of its assets in equity securities of Natural Resources
Companies. A downturn in the indicated natural resources
industries would have a larger impact on the Fund than on an
investment company that does not invest significantly in such
industries. Such industries can be significantly affected by the
supply of and demand for the indicated commodities and related
services, exploration and production spending, government
regulation, world events and economic conditions. The oil, gas,
paper, food and agriculture, forestry products, metals and
minerals industries can be significantly affected by events
relating to international political developments, the success of
exploration projects, commodity prices, and tax and government
regulations. The stock prices of Natural Resources Companies may
also experience greater price volatility than other types of
common stocks. Securities issued by Natural Resources Companies
are sensitive to changes in the prices of, and in supply and
demand for, the indicated commodities. The value of securities
issued by Natural Resources Companies may be affected by changes
in overall market movements, changes in interest rates, or
factors affecting a particular industry or commodity, such as
weather, embargoes, tariffs, policies of commodity cartels and
international economic, political and regulatory developments.
The Investment Advisers judgments about trends in the
prices of these securities and commodities may prove to be
incorrect. It is possible that the performance of securities of
Natural Resources Companies may lag the performance of other
industries or the broader market as a whole.
Supply and Demand Risk. A decrease in the
production of or exploitation of, gold, gas, oil, paper, food
and agriculture, forestry products, metals or minerals or a
decrease in the volume of such commodities available for
transportation, mining, processing, storage or distribution may
adversely impact the financial performance of the Funds
investments. Production declines and volume decreases could be
caused by various factors, including catastrophic events
affecting production, depletion of resources, labor
difficulties, environmental proceedings, increased regulations,
equipment failures and unexpected maintenance problems, import
supply disruption, increased competition from alternative energy
sources or commodity prices.
24
Sustained declines in demand for the indicated commodities could
also adversely affect the financial performance of Gold and
Natural Resources Companies over the long-term. Factors which
could lead to a decline in demand include economic recession or
other adverse economic conditions, higher fuel taxes or
governmental regulations, increases in fuel economy, consumer
shifts to the use of alternative fuel sources, changes in
commodity prices, or weather.
Depletion and Exploration Risk. Many Gold and
Natural Resources Companies are either engaged in the production
or exploitation of the particular commodities or are engaged in
transporting, storing, distributing and processing such
commodities. To maintain or increase their revenue level, these
companies or their customers need to maintain or expand their
reserves through exploration of new sources of supply, through
the development of existing sources, through acquisitions, or
through long-term contracts to acquire reserves. The financial
performance of Gold and Natural Resources Companies may be
adversely affected if they, or the companies to whom they
provide products or services, are unable to cost-effectively
acquire additional products or reserves sufficient to replace
the natural decline.
Regulatory Risk. Gold Companies and Natural
Resources Companies may be subject to extensive government
regulation in virtually every aspect of their operations,
including how facilities are constructed, maintained and
operated, environmental and safety controls, and in some cases
the prices they may charge for the products and services they
provide. Various governmental authorities have the power to
enforce compliance with these regulations and the permits issued
under them, and violators are subject to administrative, civil
and criminal penalties, including civil fines, injunctions or
both. Stricter laws, regulations or enforcement policies could
be enacted in the future, which would likely increase compliance
costs and may adversely affect the financial performance of Gold
Companies and Natural Resources Companies.
Commodity Pricing Risk. The operations and
financial performance of Gold and Natural Resources Companies
may be directly affected by the prices of the indicated
commodities, especially those Gold and Natural Resources
Companies for whom the commodities they own are significant
assets. Commodity prices fluctuate for several reasons,
including changes in market and economic conditions, levels of
domestic production, impact of governmental regulation and
taxation, the availability of transportation systems and, in the
case of oil and gas companies in particular, conservation
measures and the impact of weather. Volatility of commodity
prices, which may lead to a reduction in production or supply,
may also negatively affect the performance of Gold and Natural
Resources Companies which are solely involved in the
transportation, processing, storing, distribution or marketing
of commodities. Volatility of commodity prices may also make it
more difficult for Gold and Natural Resources Companies to raise
capital to the extent the market perceives that their
performance may be directly or indirectly tied to commodity
prices.
Risks
Associated with Covered Calls and Other Option
Transactions
There are several risks associated with transactions in options
on securities. For example, there are significant differences
between the securities and options markets that could result in
an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given
covered call option transaction not to achieve its objectives. A
decision as to whether, when and how to use covered calls (or
other options) involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and
even a well-conceived transaction may be unsuccessful because of
market behavior or unexpected events. As the writer of a covered
call option, the Fund forgoes, during the options life,
the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of
the security covering the call option above the exercise price
of the call option, but has retained the risk of loss should the
price of the underlying security decline, although such loss
would be offset in part by the option premium received. The
writer of an option has no control over the time when it may be
required to fulfill its obligation as a writer of the option.
Once an option writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot
effect a closing purchase transaction in order to terminate its
obligation under the option and must deliver the underlying
security at the exercise price. As the writer of an uncovered
call option, the Fund has no risk of loss should the price of
the underlying security decline but bears unlimited risk of loss
should the price of the underlying security increase above the
exercise price until the Fund covers its exposure.
25
There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when
the Fund seeks to close out a covered call position. Reasons for
the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include
the following: (i) there may be insufficient trading
interest; (ii) restrictions may be imposed by an exchange
on opening transactions or closing transactions or both;
(iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may
be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of
options; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may
interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) the trading
facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation
(the OCC) may not at all times be adequate to handle
current trading volume; or (vi) the relevant exchange
could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at
some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a
particular class or series of options). If trading were
discontinued, the secondary market on that exchange (or in that
class or series of options) would cease to exist. However,
outstanding options on that exchange that had been issued by the
OCC as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be
exercisable in accordance with their terms. The Funds
ability to terminate over-the-counter options may be more
limited than with exchange-traded options and may involve the
risk that counterparties participating in such transactions will
not fulfill their obligations. If the Fund were unable to close
out a covered call option that it had written on a security, it
would not be able to sell the underlying security unless the
option expired without exercise.
The hours of trading for options may not conform to the hours
during which the underlying securities are traded. To the extent
that the options markets close before the markets for the
underlying securities, significant price and rate movements can
take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in
the options markets. Call options are marked to market daily and
their value will be affected by changes in the value of and
dividend rates of the underlying common stocks, an increase in
interest rates, changes in the actual or perceived volatility of
the stock market and the underlying common stocks and the
remaining time to the options expiration. Additionally,
the exercise price of an option may be adjusted downward before
the options expiration as a result of the occurrence of
certain corporate events affecting the underlying equity
security, such as extraordinary dividends, stock splits, merger
or other extraordinary distributions or events. A reduction in
the exercise price of an option would reduce the Funds
capital appreciation potential on the underlying security.
Limitation on Covered Call Writing Risk. The
number of covered call options the Fund can write is limited by
the number of shares of common stock the Fund holds.
Furthermore, the Funds covered options transactions will
be subject to limitations established by each of the exchanges,
boards of trade or other trading facilities on which such
options are traded. These limitations govern the maximum number
of options in each class which may be written or purchased by a
single investor or group of investors acting in concert,
regardless of whether the options are written or purchased on
the same or different exchanges, boards of trade or other
trading facilities or are held or written in one or more
accounts or through one or more brokers. Thus, the number of
covered call options that the Fund may write may be affected by
options written or purchased by other investment advisory
clients of the Investment Adviser. An exchange, board of trade
or other trading facility may order the liquidation of positions
found to be in excess of these limits, and it may impose certain
other sanctions.
Equity
Risk
Investing in the Fund involves equity risk, which is the risk
that the securities held by the Fund will fall in market value
due to adverse market and economic conditions, perceptions
regarding the industries in which the issuers of securities held
by the Fund participate and the particular circumstances and
performance of particular companies whose securities the Fund
holds. An investment in the Fund represents an indirect economic
stake in the securities owned by the Fund, which are for the
most part traded on securities exchanges or in the
over-the-counter markets. The market value of these securities,
like other market investments, may move up or down, sometimes
rapidly and unpredictably. The net asset value of the Fund may
at any point in time be worth less than the amount at the time
the shareholder invested in the Fund, even after taking into
account any reinvestment of distribution.
26
Foreign
Securities Risk
Because many of the worlds Gold Companies and Natural
Resources Companies are located outside of the U.S., the Fund
may have a significant portion of its investments in securities
that are traded in foreign markets and that are not subject to
the requirements of the U.S. securities laws, markets and
accounting requirements (Foreign Securities).
Investments in the securities of foreign issuers involve certain
considerations and risks not ordinarily associated with
investments in securities of domestic issuers. Foreign companies
are not generally subject to the same accounting, auditing and
financial standards and requirements as those applicable to
U.S. companies. Foreign Securities exchanges, brokers and
listed companies may be subject to less government supervision
and regulation than exists in the U.S. Dividend and
interest income may be subject to withholding and other foreign
taxes, which may adversely affect the net return on such
investments. There may be difficulty in obtaining or enforcing a
court judgment abroad, and it may be difficult to effect
repatriation of capital invested in certain countries. In
addition, with respect to certain countries, there are risks of
expropriation, confiscatory taxation, political or social
instability or diplomatic developments that could affect assets
of the Fund held in foreign countries.
There may be less publicly available information about a foreign
company than a U.S. company. Foreign Securities markets may
have substantially less volume than U.S. securities markets
and some foreign company securities are less liquid than
securities of otherwise comparable U.S. companies. A
portfolio of Foreign Securities may also be adversely affected
by fluctuations in the rates of exchange between the currencies
of different nations and by exchange control regulations.
Foreign markets also have different clearance and settlement
procedures that could cause the Fund to encounter difficulties
in purchasing and selling securities on such markets and may
result in the Fund missing attractive investment opportunities
or experiencing loss. In addition, a portfolio that includes
Foreign Securities can expect to have a higher expense ratio
because of the increased transaction costs on
non-U.S. securities
markets and the increased costs of maintaining the custody of
Foreign Securities.
Investments in Foreign Securities will expose the Fund to the
direct or indirect consequences of political, social or economic
changes in the countries that issue the securities or in which
the issuers are located. Certain countries in which the Fund may
invest have historically experienced, and may continue to
experience, high rates of inflation, high interest rates,
exchange rate fluctuations, large amounts of external debt,
balance of payments and trade difficulties and extreme poverty
and unemployment. Many of these countries are also characterized
by political uncertainty and instability. The cost of servicing
external debt will generally be adversely affected by rising
international interest rates because many external debt
obligations bear interest at rates which are adjusted based upon
international interest rates.
The Fund also may purchase sponsored ADRs or
U.S. dollar-denominated securities of foreign issuers. ADRs
are receipts issued by U.S. banks or trust companies in
respect of securities of foreign issuers held on deposit for use
in the U.S. securities markets. While ADRs may not
necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the
securities into which they may be converted, many of the risks
associated with Foreign Securities may also apply to ADRs. In
addition, the underlying issuers of certain depositary receipts,
particularly unsponsored or unregistered depositary receipts,
are under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications
to the holders of such receipts, or to pass through to them any
voting rights with respect to the deposited securities.
Emerging
Markets Risk
The Fund may invest in securities of issuers located or having
significant operations in emerging markets. An
emerging market country is any country that is
considered to be an emerging or developing country by the World
Bank. Investing in securities of companies in emerging markets
may entail special risks relating to potential political and
economic instability and the risks of expropriation,
nationalization, confiscation or the imposition of restrictions
on foreign investment, the lack of hedging instruments and
restrictions on repatriation of capital invested. Emerging
securities markets are substantially smaller, less developed,
less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets.
The limited size of emerging
27
securities markets and limited trading value compared to the
volume of trading in U.S. securities could cause prices to
be erratic for reasons apart from factors that affect the
quality of the securities. For example, limited market size may
cause prices to be unduly influenced by traders who control
large positions. Adverse publicity and investors
perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may
decrease the value and liquidity of portfolio securities,
especially in these markets. Other risks include high
concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a
small number of issuers representing a limited number of
industries, as well as a high concentration of investors and
financial intermediaries; over-dependence on exports, including
gold and natural resources exports, making these economies
vulnerable to changes in commodity prices; overburdened
infrastructure and obsolete or unseasoned financial systems;
environmental problems; less developed legal systems; and less
reliable securities custodial services and settlement practices.
Foreign
Currency Risk
The Fund expects to invest in companies whose securities are
denominated or quoted in currencies other than U.S. dollars
or have significant operations or markets outside of the
U.S. In such instances, the Fund will be exposed to
currency risk, including the risk of fluctuations in the
exchange rate between U.S. dollars (in which the
Funds shares are denominated) and such foreign currencies,
the risk of currency devaluations and the risks of
non-exchangeability and blockage. As
non-U.S. securities
may be purchased with and payable in currencies of countries
other than the U.S. dollar, the value of these assets
measured in U.S. dollars may be affected favorably or
unfavorably by changes in currency rates and exchange control
regulations. Fluctuations in currency rates may adversely affect
the ability of the Investment Adviser to acquire such securities
at advantageous prices and may also adversely affect the
performance of such assets.
Certain
non-U.S. currencies,
primarily in developing countries, have been devalued in the
past and might face devaluation in the future. Currency
devaluations generally have a significant and adverse impact on
the devaluing countrys economy in the short and
intermediate term and on the financial condition and results of
companies operations in that country. Currency
devaluations may also be accompanied by significant declines in
the values and liquidity of equity and debt securities of
affected governmental and private sector entities generally. To
the extent that affected companies have obligations denominated
in currencies other than the devalued currency, those companies
may also have difficulty in meeting those obligations under such
circumstances, which in turn could have an adverse effect upon
the value of the Funds investments in such companies.
There can be no assurance that current or future developments
with respect to foreign currency devaluations will not impair
the Funds investment flexibility, its ability to achieve
its investment objectives or the value of certain of its foreign
currency denominated investments.
Market
Discount Risk
Whether investors will realize gains or losses upon the sale of
common shares of the Fund will depend upon the market price of
the shares at the time of sale, which may be less or more than
the Funds net asset value per share. Since the market
price of the common shares will be affected by such factors as
the Funds dividend and distribution levels (which are in
turn affected by expenses), dividend and distribution stability,
net asset value, market liquidity, the relative demand for and
supply of the shares in the market, general market and economic
conditions and other factors beyond the control of the Fund, we
cannot predict whether the common shares will trade at, below or
above net asset value or at, below or above the public offering
price. Common shares of closed-end funds often trade at a
discount to their net asset values and the Funds common
shares may trade at such a discount. This risk may be greater
for investors expecting to sell their common shares of the Fund
soon after completion of the public offering. The common shares
of the Fund are designed primarily for long-term investors, and
investors in the shares should not view the Fund as a vehicle
for trading purposes.
Common
Stock Risk
Common stock of an issuer in the Funds portfolio may
decline in price for a variety of reasons, including if the
issuer fails to make anticipated dividend payments because,
among other reasons, the issuer of
28
the security experiences a decline in its financial condition.
Common stock in which the Fund will invest is structurally
subordinated to preferred stock, bonds and other debt
instruments in a companys capital structure, in terms of
priority to corporate income, and therefore will be subject to
greater dividend risk than preferred stock or debt instruments
of such issuers. In addition, while common stock has
historically generated higher average returns than fixed income
securities, common stock has also experienced significantly more
volatility in those returns.
Convertible
Securities Risk
Convertible securities generally offer lower interest or
dividend yields than non-convertible securities of similar
quality. The market values of convertible securities tend to
decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, to increase
as interest rates decline. In the absence of adequate
anti-dilution provisions in a convertible security, dilution in
the value of the Funds holding may occur in the event the
underlying stock is subdivided, additional equity securities are
issued for below market value, a stock dividend is declared or
the issuer enters into another type of corporate transaction
that has a similar effect.
Income
Risk
The income shareholders receive from the Fund is expected to be
based primarily on income the Fund earns from its investment
strategy of writing covered calls and dividends and other
distributions received from its investments. If the Funds
covered call strategy fails to generate sufficient income or the
distribution rates or yields of the Funds holdings
decrease, shareholders income from the Fund could decline.
Distribution
Risk for Equity Income Portfolio Securities
In selecting equity income securities in which the Fund will
invest, the Investment Adviser will consider the issuers
history of making regular periodic distributions (i.e.,
dividends) to its equity holders. An issuers history of
paying dividends or other distributions, however, does not
guarantee that the issuer will continue to pay dividends or
other distributions in the future. The dividend income stream
associated with equity income securities generally is not
guaranteed and will be subordinate to payment obligations of the
issuer on its debt and other liabilities. Accordingly, an issuer
may forgo paying dividends on its equity securities. In
addition, because in most instances issuers are not obligated to
make periodic distributions to the holders of their equity
securities, such distributions or dividends generally may be
discontinued at the issuers discretion.
Special
Risks Related to Preferred Securities
There are special risks associated with investing in preferred
securities, including:
Deferral. Preferred securities may include
provisions that permit the issuer, at its discretion, to defer
distributions for a stated period without any adverse
consequences to the issuer. If the Fund owns a preferred
security on which distributions are being deferred by the
issuer, the Fund may be required to report income for tax
purposes although it has not yet received such deferred
distributions.
Non-Cumulative Dividends. Some preferred
stocks are non-cumulative, meaning that the dividends do not
accumulate and need not ever be paid. A portion of the portfolio
may include investments in non-cumulative preferred securities,
whereby the issuer does not have an obligation to make up any
arrearages to its shareholders. Should an issuer of a
non-cumulative preferred stock held by the Fund determine not to
pay dividends on such stock, the Funds return from that
security may be adversely affected. There is no assurance that
dividends or distributions on non-cumulative preferred stocks in
which the Fund invests will be declared or otherwise made
payable.
Subordination. Preferred securities are
subordinated to bonds and other debt instruments in a
companys capital structure in terms of priority to
corporate income and liquidation payments, and therefore will be
subject to greater credit risk than more senior debt security
instruments.
29
Liquidity. Preferred securities may be
substantially less liquid than many other securities, such as
common stocks or U.S. Government securities.
Limited Voting Rights. Generally, preferred
security holders (such as the Fund) have no voting rights with
respect to the issuing company unless preferred dividends have
been in arrears for a specified number of periods, at which time
the preferred security holders may be entitled to elect a number
of Trustees to the issuers board. Generally, once all the
arrearages have been paid, the preferred security holders no
longer have voting rights.
Special Redemption Rights. In certain
varying circumstances, an issuer of preferred securities may
redeem the securities prior to a specified date. For instance,
for certain types of preferred securities, a redemption may be
triggered by a change in federal income tax or securities laws.
As with call provisions, a redemption by the issuer may
negatively impact the return of the security held by the Fund.
Interest
Rate Risk
Rising interest rates generally adversely affect the financial
performance of Gold Companies and Natural Resources Companies by
increasing their costs of capital. This may reduce their ability
to execute acquisitions or expansion projects in a
cost-effective manner.
During periods of declining interest rates, the issuer of a
preferred stock or fixed income security may be able to exercise
an option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled, forcing
the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities. This is known
as call or prepayment risk. Preferred stock and debt securities
frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem
the securities prior to their stated maturities. An issuer may
redeem such a security if the issuer can refinance it at a lower
cost due to declining interest rates or an improvement in the
credit standing of the issuer. During periods of rising interest
rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be
extended because of slower than expected principal payments.
This may prolong the length of time the security pays a below
market interest rate, increase the securitys duration and
reduce the value of the security. This is known as extension
risk.
Inflation
Risk
Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income
from investments will be worth less in the future as inflation
decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the real
value of the Funds shares and distributions thereon can
decline. In addition, during any periods of rising inflation,
dividend rates of any variable rate preferred stock or debt
securities issued by the Fund would likely increase, which would
tend to further reduce returns to common shareholders.
Illiquid
Investments
Although the Fund expects that its portfolio will primarily be
comprised of liquid securities, the Fund may invest up to 15% of
its assets in unregistered securities and otherwise illiquid
investments. Unregistered securities are securities that cannot
be sold publicly in the United States without registration under
the Securities Act of 1933. An illiquid investment is a security
or other investment that cannot be disposed of within seven days
in the ordinary course of business at approximately the value at
which the Fund has valued the securities. Unregistered and
illiquid securities often can be resold only in privately
negotiated transactions with a limited number of purchasers or
in a public offering registered under the Securities Act of
1933. Considerable delay could be encountered in either event
and, unless otherwise contractually provided for, the
Funds proceeds upon sale may be reduced by the costs of
registration or underwriting discounts. The difficulties and
delays associated with such transactions could result in the
Funds inability to realize a favorable price upon
disposition of unregistered securities, and at times might make
disposition of such securities impossible. In addition, the Fund
may be unable to sell other illiquid investments when it desires
to do so, resulting in the Fund obtaining a lower price or being
required to retain the investment. Illiquid investments
generally must be valued at fair value, which is inherently less
precise than utilizing market values for it desires to do so,
resulting in the Fund obtaining a lower price or being required
to retain the
30
investment. liquid investments, and may lead to differences
between the price a security is valued for determining the
Funds net asset value and the price the Fund actually
receives upon sale.
Investment
Companies
The Fund may invest in the securities of other investment
companies, including exchange traded funds, to the extent
permitted by law. To the extent the Fund invests in the common
equity of investment companies, the Fund will bear its ratable
share of any such investment companys expenses, including
management fees. The Fund will also remain obligated to pay
management fees to the Investment Adviser with respect to the
assets invested in the securities of other investment companies.
In these circumstances holders of the Funds common shares
will be in effect subject to duplicative investment expenses.
Special
Risks of Derivative Transactions
Participation in the options or futures markets, in currency
exchange transactions and in other derivatives transactions
involves investment risks and transaction costs to which the
Fund would not be subject absent the use of these strategies. If
the Investment Advisers prediction of movements in the
direction of the securities, foreign currency, interest rate or
other referenced instruments or markets is inaccurate, the
consequences to the Fund may leave the Fund in a worse position
than if it had not used such strategies. Risks inherent in the
use of options, foreign currency, futures contracts and options
on futures contracts, securities indices and foreign currencies
include:
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dependence on the Investment Advisers ability to predict
correctly movements in the direction of the relevant measure;
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imperfect correlation between the price of the derivative
instrument and movements in the prices of the referenced assets;
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the fact that skills needed to use these strategies are
different from those needed to select portfolio securities;
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the possible absence of a liquid secondary market for any
particular instrument at any time;
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the possible need to defer closing out certain hedged positions
to avoid adverse tax consequences;
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the possible inability of the Fund to purchase or sell a
security or instrument at a time that otherwise would be
favorable for it to do so, or the possible need for the Fund to
sell a security or instrument at a disadvantageous time due to a
need for the Fund to maintain cover or to segregate
securities in connection with the hedging techniques; and
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the creditworthiness of counterparties.
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Forward Currency Exchange Contracts. There is
no independent limit on the Funds ability to invest in
foreign currency exchange contracts. The use of forward currency
contracts may involve certain risks, including the failure of
the counterparty to perform its obligations under the contract
and that the use of forward contracts may not serve as a
complete hedge because of an imperfect correlation between
movements in the prices of the contracts and the prices of the
currencies hedged or used for cover.
Counterparty Risk. The Fund will be subject to
credit risk with respect to the counterparties to the derivative
contracts purchased by the Fund. If a counterparty becomes
bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a
derivative contract due to financial difficulties, the Fund may
experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under
the derivative contract in bankruptcy or other reorganization
proceeding. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery or may
obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
Lower
Grade Securities
The Fund may invest up to 10% of its assets in fixed income and
convertible securities rated in the lower rating categories of
recognized statistical rating agencies or unrated securities of
comparable quality. These
31
high yield securities, also sometimes referred to as junk
bonds, generally pay a premium above the yields of
U.S. government securities or debt securities of investment
grade issuers because they are subject to greater risks than
these securities. These risks, which reflect their speculative
character, include the following:
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greater volatility;
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greater credit risk and risk of default;
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potentially greater sensitivity to general economic or industry
conditions;
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potential lack of attractive resale opportunities
(illiquidity); and
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additional expenses to seek recovery from issuers who default.
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In addition, the prices of these lower grade securities are more
sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the
issuers revenues or a general economic downturn, than are
the prices of higher grade securities. Lower grade securities
tend to be less liquid than investment grade securities. The
market value of lower grade securities may be more volatile than
the market value of investment grade securities and generally
tends to reflect the markets perception of the
creditworthiness of the issuer and short-term market
developments to a greater extent than investment grade
securities, which primarily reflect fluctuations in general
levels of interest rates.
Ratings are relative, subjective and not absolute standards of
quality. Securities ratings are based largely on the
issuers historical financial condition and the rating
agencies analysis at the time of rating. Consequently, the
rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a
reflection of the issuers current financial condition.
As a part of its investments in lower grade securities, the Fund
may invest in securities of issuers in default. The Fund will
invest in securities of issuers in default only when the
Investment Adviser believes that such issuers will honor their
obligations, emerge from bankruptcy protection and the value of
these securities will appreciate. By investing in the securities
of issuers in default, the Fund bears the risk that these
issuers will not continue to honor their obligations or emerge
from bankruptcy protection or that the value of these securities
will not otherwise appreciate.
Leverage
Risk
The Fund currently uses financial leverage for investment
purposes by issuing preferred shares. As of December 31,
2008, the amount of leverage represented approximately 34% of
the Funds total assets. The Funds leveraged capital
structure creates special risks not associated with unleveraged
funds that have a similar investment objective and policies.
These include the possibility of greater loss and the likelihood
of higher volatility of the net asset value of the Fund and the
asset coverage for the preferred shares. Such volatility may
increase the likelihood of the Fund having to sell investments
in order to meet its obligations to make distributions on the
preferred shares or principal or interest payments on debt
securities, or to redeem preferred shares or repay debt, when it
may be disadvantageous to do so. The use of leverage magnifies
both the favorable and unfavorable effects of price movements in
the investments made by the Fund. To the extent the Fund is
leveraged in its investment operations, the Fund will be subject
to substantial risk of loss. The Fund cannot assure that
borrowings or the issuance of preferred shares will result in a
higher yield or return to the holders of the common shares.
Also, if the Fund is utilizing leverage, a decline in net asset
value could affect the ability of the Fund to make common share
distributions and such a failure to make distributions could
result in the Fund ceasing to qualify as a regulated investment
company under the Code. See Taxation.
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Preferred Share Risk. The issuance of
preferred shares causes the net asset value and market value of
the common shares to become more volatile. If the dividend rate
on the preferred shares approaches the net rate of return on the
Funds investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage to the
holders of the common shares would be reduced. If the dividend
rate on the preferred shares plus the management fee annual rate
of 1.00% exceeds the net rate of return on the Funds
portfolio, the leverage will result in a lower rate of return to
the holders of common shares than if the Fund had not issued
preferred shares.
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32
Any decline in the net asset value of the Funds
investments would be borne entirely by the holders of common
shares. Therefore, if the market value of the Funds
portfolio declines, the leverage will result in a greater
decrease in net asset value to the holders of common shares than
if the Fund were not leveraged. This greater net asset value
decrease will also tend to cause a greater decline in the market
price for the common shares. In such a case, the Fund might be
in danger of failing to maintain the required asset coverage of
the preferred shares or of losing its ratings on the preferred
shares or, in an extreme case, the Funds current
investment income might not be sufficient to meet the dividend
requirements on the preferred shares. In order to counteract
such an event, the Fund might need to liquidate investments in
order to fund a redemption of some or all of the preferred
shares.
In addition, the Fund would pay (and the holders of common
shares will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the
issuance and ongoing maintenance of the preferred shares,
including the advisory fees on the incremental assets
attributable to such shares.
Holders of preferred shares may have different interests than
holders of common shares and may at times have disproportionate
influence over the Funds affairs. Holders of preferred
shares, voting separately as a single class, would have the
right to elect two members of the Board of Trustees at all times
and in the event dividends become two full years in arrears
would have the right to elect a majority of the Trustees until
such arrearage is completely eliminated. In addition, preferred
shareholders have class voting rights on certain matters,
including changes in fundamental investment restrictions and
conversion of the fund to open-end status, and accordingly can
veto any such changes.
Restrictions imposed on the declarations and payment of
dividends or other distributions to the holders of the
Funds common shares and preferred shares, both by the 1940
Act and by requirements imposed by rating agencies, might impair
the Funds ability to maintain its qualification as a
regulated investment company for federal income tax purposes.
While the Fund intends to redeem its preferred shares to the
extent necessary to enable the Fund to distribute its income as
required to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment
company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
Code), there can be no assurance that such actions
can be effected in time to meet the Code requirements.
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Portfolio Guidelines of Rating Agencies for Preferred Shares
and/or
Credit Facility. In order to obtain and maintain
attractive credit quality ratings for preferred shares or
borrowings, the Fund must comply with investment quality,
diversification and other guidelines established by the relevant
rating agencies. These guidelines could affect portfolio
decisions and may be more stringent than those imposed by the
1940 Act.
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Impact on Common Shares. The following table
is furnished in response to requirements of the SEC. It is
designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on common share
total return, assuming investment portfolio total returns
(comprised of net investment income of the Fund, realized gains
or losses of the Fund and changes in the value of the securities
held in the Funds portfolio) of −10%, −5%, 0%,
5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are
hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the
investment portfolio returns experienced or expected to be
experienced by the Fund. See Risks. The table
further reflects leverage representing 19% of the Funds
total assets, the Funds current projected blended annual
average leverage dividend or interest rate of 6.625%, a
management fee at an annual rate of 1.00% of the liquidation
preference of any outstanding preferred shares and estimated
annual incremental expenses attributable to any outstanding
preferred shares of 0.01% of the Funds net assets
attributable to common shares.
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Assumed Portfolio Total Return (Net of Expenses)
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(10
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)%
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(5
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)%
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0
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%
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5
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%
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10
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%
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Common Share Total Return
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(14.14
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)%
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(7.96
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)%
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(1.79
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)%
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4.38
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%
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10.56
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%
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Common share total return is composed of two elementsthe
common share distributions paid by the Fund (the amount of which
is largely determined by the taxable income of the Fund
(including realized gains or losses) after paying interest on
any debt
and/or
dividends on any preferred shares) and unrealized gains or
losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns. As required
by SEC rules, the table assumes that the Fund
33
is more likely to suffer capital losses than to enjoy total
return. For example, to assume a total return of 0% the Fund
must assume that the income it receives on its investments is
entirely offset by expenses and losses in the value of those
investments.
The Funds shares are leveraged, and the risks and special
considerations related to leverage described in this prospectus
apply. Such leveraging of the shares cannot be fully achieved
until the proceeds resulting from the use of leverage have been
invested in accordance with the Funds investment
objectives and policies.
Special
Risks to Holders of Fixed Rate Preferred Shares
Illiquidity Prior to Exchange Listing. In the
event any additional series of fixed rate preferred shares are
issued, prior application will have been made to list such
shares on the NYSE. However, during an initial period, which is
not expected to exceed 30 days after the date of its
initial issuance, such shares may not be listed on any
securities exchange. During such period, the underwriters may
make a market in such shares, though they will have no
obligation to do so. Consequently, an investment in such shares
may be illiquid during such period.
Market Price Fluctuation. Fixed rate preferred
shares may trade at a premium to or discount from liquidation
preference for a variety of reasons, including changes in
interest rates.
Dependence
on Key Personnel
The Investment Adviser is dependent upon the expertise of
Mr. Mario J. Gabelli. If the Investment Adviser were to
lose the services of Mr. Gabelli, it could be adversely
affected. There can be no assurance that a suitable replacement
could be found for Mr. Gabelli in the event of his death,
resignation, retirement or inability to act on behalf of the
Investment Adviser.
Long-Term
Objective; Not a Complete Investment Program
The Fund is intended for investors seeking a high level of
current income. The Fund is not meant to provide a vehicle for
those who wish to exploit short-term swings in the stock market.
An investment in shares of the Fund should not be considered a
complete investment program. Each shareholder should take into
account the Funds investment objectives as well as the
shareholders other investments when considering an
investment in the Fund.
Management
Risk
The Fund is subject to management risk because its portfolio
will be actively managed. The Investment Adviser will apply
investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment
decisions for the Fund, but there can be no guarantee that these
will produce the desired results.
Portfolio
Turnover
The Fund may have a high turnover ratio which may result in
higher expenses and lower after-tax return to shareholders than
if the Fund had a lower turnover ratio.
Non-Diversified
Status
The Fund is classified as a non-diversified
investment company under the 1940 Act, which means the Fund is
not limited by the 1940 Act in the proportion of its assets that
may be invested in the securities of a single issuer. As a
non-diversified investment company, the Fund may invest in the
securities of individual issuers to a greater degree than a
diversified investment company. As a result, the Fund may be
more vulnerable to events affecting a single issuer and
therefore, subject to greater volatility than a fund that is
more broadly diversified. Accordingly, an investment in the Fund
may present greater risk to an investor than an investment in a
diversified company.
34
Geopolitical
Events
As a result of the terrorist attacks on domestic U.S. targets on
September 11, 2001, some of the U.S. securities
markets were closed for a
four-day
period. These terrorists attacks, the war in Iraq and its
aftermath and other geopolitical events have led to, and may in
the future lead to, increased short-term market volatility and
may have long-term effects on U.S. and world economies and
markets. The nature, scope and duration of the war and
occupation cannot be predicted with any certainty. Similar
events in the future or other disruptions of financial markets
could affect interest rates, securities exchanges, auctions,
secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation, energy
prices and other factors relating to the common shares or
preferred shares.
Anti-Takeover
Provisions
The Funds governing documents include provisions that
could limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire
control of the Fund or convert the Fund to an open-end fund. See
Anti-Takeover Provisions of the Funds Governing
Documents.
Investment
Restrictions
The Fund has adopted certain investment limitations designed to
limit investment risk and maintain portfolio diversification.
These limitations are fundamental and may not be changed without
the approval of the holders of a majority, as defined in the
1940 Act, of the outstanding shares and preferred shares, if
any, voting together as a single class. See Investment
Restrictions in the SAI for a complete list of the
fundamental investment policies of the Fund. Should the Fund
decide to issue additional series of preferred shares in the
future, it may become subject to rating agency guidelines that
are more limiting than its fundamental investment restrictions
in order to obtain and maintain a desired rating on its
preferred shares.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
General
The Funds Board of Trustees (who, with its officers, are
described in the SAI) has overall responsibility for the
management of the Fund. The Board of Trustees decides upon
matters of general policy and reviews the actions of the
Investment Adviser, Gabelli Funds, LLC, located at One Corporate
Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422,
and the Sub-Administrator (as defined below). Pursuant to an
investment advisory agreement between the Fund and the
Investment Adviser (the Investment Advisory
Agreement), the Investment Adviser, under the supervision
of the Funds Board of Trustees, provides a continuous
investment program for the Funds portfolio; provides
investment research and makes and executes recommendations for
the purchase and sale of securities; and provides all facilities
and personnel, including officers required for its
administrative management, and pays the compensation of Trustees
of the Fund who are officers or employees of the Investment
Adviser or its affiliates. As compensation for its services and
the related expenses borne by the Investment Adviser, the Fund
pays the Investment Adviser a fee, computed daily and payable
monthly, equal, on an annual basis, to 1.00% of the Funds
average weekly net assets, with no deduction for the liquidation
preference of any outstanding preferred shares. A discussion
regarding the basis for the most recent approval of the
Investment Advisory Agreement by the Board of Trustees of the
Fund is available in the Funds annual report to
shareholders for the period ending December 31, 2008.
The
Investment Adviser
Gabelli Funds, LLC acts as the Funds Investment Adviser
pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Fund. The
Investment Adviser is a New York limited liability company with
principal offices located at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422.
The Investment Adviser was organized in 1999 and is the
successor to Gabelli Funds, Inc., which was organized in 1980.
As of December 31, 2008, the Investment Adviser acted as
registered investment adviser to 25 management investment
companies with aggregate net assets of $11.4 billion. The
Investment Adviser, together with the other affiliated
investment
35
advisers noted below had assets under management totaling
approximately $20.7 billion as of December 31, 2008.
GAMCO Asset Management Inc., an affiliate of the Investment
Adviser, acts as investment adviser for individuals, pension
trusts, profit sharing trusts and endowments, and as a sub
adviser to management investment companies having aggregate
assets of $8.5 billion under management as of
December 31, 2008. Gabelli Securities, Inc., an affiliate
of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment adviser for
investment partnerships and entities having aggregate assets of
approximately $295 million as of December 31, 2008.
Gabelli Fixed Income LLC, an affiliate of the Investment
Adviser, acts as investment adviser for separate accounts having
aggregate assets of approximately $22 million under
management as of December 31, 2008. Teton Advisors, Inc.,
an affiliate of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment
manager to the GAMCO Westwood Funds having aggregate assets of
approximately $450 million under management as of
December 31, 2008.
The Investment Adviser is a wholly-owned subsidiary of GAMCO
Investors, Inc., a New York corporation, whose Class A
Common Stock is traded on the NYSE under the symbol
GBL. Mr. Mario J. Gabelli may be deemed a
controlling person of the Investment Adviser on the
basis of his ownership of a majority of the stock of GGCP, Inc.,
which owns a majority of the capital stock of GAMCO Investors,
Inc.
Payment
of Expenses
The Investment Adviser is obligated to pay expenses associated
with providing the services contemplated by the Investment
Advisory Agreement including compensation of and office space
for its officers and employees connected with investment and
economic research, trading and investment management and
administration of the Fund (but excluding costs associated with
the calculation of the net asset value and allocated costs of
the chief compliance officer function and officers of the Fund
that are employed by the Fund and are not employed by the
Investment Adviser although such officers may receive
incentive-based variable compensation from affiliates of the
Investment Adviser), as well as the fees of all Trustees of the
Fund who are officers or employees of the Investment Adviser or
its affiliates.
In addition to the fees of the Investment Adviser, the Fund is
responsible for the payment of all its other expenses incurred
in the operation of the Fund, which include, among other things,
expenses for legal and the Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firms services, stock exchange listing fees,
costs of printing proxies, share certificates and shareholder
reports, charges of the Funds custodian, charges of the
transfer agent and distribution disbursing agent, SEC fees, fees
and expenses of Trustees who are not officers or employees of
the Investment Adviser or its affiliates, accounting and
printing costs, the Funds pro rata portion of membership
fees in trade organizations, the Funds pro rata portion of
the Chief Compliance Officers compensation, fidelity bond
coverage for the Funds officers and employees, Trustees
and officers liability policy, interest, brokerage costs, taxes,
expenses of qualifying the Fund for sale in various states,
expenses of personnel performing shareholder servicing
functions, litigation and other extraordinary or non-recurring
expenses and other expenses properly payable by the Fund.
Selection
of Securities Brokers
The Investment Advisory Agreement contains provisions relating
to the selection of securities brokers to effect the portfolio
transactions of the Fund. Under those provisions, the Investment
Adviser may (i) direct Fund portfolio brokerage to
Gabelli & Company, Inc. or other broker-dealer
affiliates of the Investment Adviser and (ii) pay
commissions to brokers other than Gabelli & Company,
Inc. that are higher than might be charged by another qualified
broker to obtain brokerage
and/or
research services considered by the Investment Adviser to be
useful or desirable for its investment management of the Fund
and/or its
other investment advisory accounts or those of any investment
adviser affiliated with it. The SAI contains further information
about the Investment Advisory Agreement, including a more
complete description of the investment advisory and expense
arrangements, exculpatory and brokerage provisions, as well as
information on the brokerage practices of the Fund.
36
Portfolio
Management
As Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of GAMCO Investors,
Inc., Mr. Gabelli ultimately has oversight over the
investment professionals responsible for the day-to-day
management of the Fund. Mr. Gabelli has served as Chairman
and Chief Executive Officer of GAMCO Investors, Inc. and its
predecessors since 1976. Mr. Gabelli is the Chief
Investment OfficerValue Products for the Investment
Adviser and GAMCO Asset Management Inc. Mr. Gabelli serves
as Portfolio Manager for several funds in the Gabelli fund
family and is a director of most of the funds in the family.
Mr. Gabelli is also Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of
GGCP, Inc., a private company owning the majority of the shares
of GAMCO Investors, Inc.
Vincent Hugonnard-Roche serves as a Co-Lead Portfolio Manager
for the Fund and is primarily responsible for the day-to-day
management of the Funds option strategy. Mr. Roche
joined GAMCO Investors, Inc. in 2000 as Director of Quantitative
Strategies and Head of Risk Management. Prior thereto,
Mr. Roche worked at Credit Lyonnais in New York as a
proprietary equity analyst focused on Risk Arbitrage.
Caesar M.P. Bryan serves as a Co-Lead Portfolio Manager for the
Fund and is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management
of the Gold Companies portion of the Funds portfolio.
Mr. Bryan joined GAMCO Investors, Inc. in 1994 and has been
primarily responsible for the day-to-day investment management
of the GAMCO Gold Fund, Inc., a registered open-end investment
company, since its inception in 1994. Mr. Bryan has been
Portfolio Manager of the GAMCO International Growth Fund, Inc.,
a registered open-end investment company, since 1995 and
Co-Portfolio Manager of The GAMCO Global Opportunity Fund, a
registered open-end investment company, since 1998.
Mr. Bryan is also a Portfolio Manager for The GAMCO Global
Growth Fund and The Gabelli Equity Trust Inc.
Barbara G. Marcin is primarily responsible for the day-to-day
management of the Natural Resources Companies portion of the
Funds portfolio.
Ms. Marcin joined GAMCO Investors, Inc. in 1999 to manage
larger capitalization value style portfolios. Ms. Marcin
currently serves as the Portfolio Manager for The Gabelli Blue
Chip Value Fund and The GAMCO Westwood Income Fund, registered
open-end investment companies, and as a Portfolio Manager for
The Gabelli Dividend & Income Trust, a registered
closed-end investment company. Prior thereto, she worked at
Citibank Global Asset Management where she was head of value
investments and was a member of the Global Investment Policy
Committee and co-Chair of the U.S. Equity Policy Committee.
The Statement of Additional Information provides additional
information about the Portfolio Managers compensation,
other accounts managed by the Portfolio Managers, and the
Portfolio Managers ownership of securities of the Fund.
Non-Resident
Trustees
Messrs. dUrso and van Ekris are not U.S. residents
and substantially all of each of their assets may be located
outside of the United States. Messrs. dUrso and van Ekris
do not have agents for service of process in the United States.
As a result, it may be difficult for U.S. investors to
effect service of process upon Messrs. dUrso or van Ekris
within the United States or to realize judgments of courts of
the United States predicated upon civil liabilities under the
federal securities laws of the United States. In addition, it is
not certain that civil liabilities predicated upon the federal
securities laws on which a valid judgment of a court in the
United States is obtained would be enforceable in the courts of
the jurisdictions in which Messrs. dUrso or van Ekris
reside.
Sub-Administrator
The Investment Adviser has entered into a sub-administration
agreement with PNC Global Investment Servicing (the
Sub-Administrator) pursuant to which the
Sub-Administrator provides certain administrative services
necessary for the Funds operations that do not include the
investment and portfolio management services provided by the
Investment Adviser. For these services and the related expenses
borne by the Sub-
37
Administrator, the Investment Adviser pays a prorated monthly
fee at the annual rate of 0.0275% of the first $10 billion
of the aggregate average net assets of the Fund and all other
funds advised by the Investment Adviser and Gabelli Advisers,
Inc. and administered by the Sub-Administrator, 0.0125% of the
aggregate average net assets exceeding $10 billion and
0.01% of the aggregate average net assets in excess of
$15 billion. The Sub-Administrator has its principal office
at 760 Moore Road, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
Regulatory
Matters
On April 24, 2008, the Investment Adviser entered into an
administrative settlement with the SEC to resolve the SECs
inquiry regarding prior frequent trading activity in shares of
the GAMCO Global Growth Fund (the Global Growth
Fund) by one investor who was banned from the Global
Growth Fund in August 2002. In the settlement, the SEC found
that the Investment Adviser had violated Section 206(2) of
the Investment Advisers Act, Section 17(d) of the 1940 Act
and
Rule 17d-1
thereunder, and had aided and abetted and caused violations of
Section 12(d)(1)(B)(i) of the 1940 Act. Under the terms of
the settlement, the Investment Adviser, while neither admitting
nor denying the SECs findings and allegations, agreed,
among other things, to pay the previously reserved total of
$16 million (including a $5 million penalty), of which
at least $11 million will be distributed to shareholders of
the Global Growth Fund in accordance with a plan to be developed
by an independent distribution consultant and approved by the
independent directors of the Global Growth Fund and the staff of
the SEC, and to cease and desist from future violations of the
above referenced federal securities laws. The settlement will
not have a material adverse impact on the Investment Adviser or
its ability to fulfill its obligations under the Investment
Advisory Agreement. On the same day, the SEC filed a civil
action against the Executive Vice President and Chief Operating
Officer of the Investment Adviser, alleging violations of
certain federal securities laws arising from the same matter.
The officer is also an officer of the Fund, the Global Growth
Fund and other funds in the Gabelli/GAMCO fund complex. The
officer denies the allegations and is continuing in his
positions with the Investment Adviser and the funds. The
Investment Adviser currently expects that any resolution of the
action against the officer will not have a material adverse
impact on the Investment Adviser or its ability to fulfill its
obligations under the Investment Advisory Agreement.
In a separate matter, on January 12, 2009, the SEC issued
an administrative action approving a final settlement of a
previously disclosed matter with the Investment Adviser
involving compliance with Section 19(a) of the 1940 Act and
Rule 19a-1
thereunder by two closed-end funds. These provisions require
registered investment companies when making a distribution in
the nature of a dividend from sources other than net investment
income to contemporaneously provide written statements to
shareholders that adequately disclose the source or sources of
such distribution. While the two closed-end funds sent annual
statements and provided other materials containing this
information, shareholders did not receive the notices required
by
Rule 19a-1
with any of the distributions that were made in 2002 and 2003.
The Investment Adviser believes that the closed-end funds have
been in compliance with Section 19(a) and
Rule 19a-1
since the beginning of 2004. As part of the settlement, in which
the Investment Adviser neither admits nor denies the findings by
the SEC, the Investment Adviser agreed to pay a civil monetary
penalty of $450,000 and to cease and desist from causing
violations of Section 19(a) and
Rule 19a-1.
In connection with the settlement, the SEC noted the remedial
actions previously undertaken by the Investment Adviser.
PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS
Principal transactions are not entered into with affiliates of
the Fund. However, Gabelli & Company, Inc., an
affiliate of the Investment Adviser, may execute portfolio
transactions on stock exchanges and in the over-the-counter
markets on an agency basis and receive a stated commission
therefor. For a more detailed discussion of the Funds
brokerage allocation practices, see Portfolio
Transactions in the SAI.
DIVIDENDS
AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund intends to make regular monthly cash distributions of
all or a portion of its investment company taxable income (which
includes ordinary income and realized short-term capital gains)
to common
38
shareholders. The Fund also intends to make annual
distributions of its realized capital gains (which is the excess
of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital
losses). A portion of the Funds distributions on its
common shares for 2008 and subsequent periods have included, or
have been estimated to include, a return of capital. Any return
of capital that is a component of a distribution is not sourced
from realized gains of the Fund and that portion should not be
considered by investors as yield or total return on their
investment in the Fund. The Fund will pay common shareholders at
least annually all, or at least 90%, of its investment company
taxable income. Various factors will affect the level of the
Funds income, such as its asset mix and use of option
strategies. To permit the Fund to maintain more stable monthly
distributions, the Fund may from time to time distribute less
than the entire amount of income earned in a particular period,
which would be available to supplement future distributions. As
a result, the distributions paid by the Fund for any particular
monthly period may be more or less than the amount of income
actually earned by the Fund during that period. However, as the
Fund is covered by an exemption from the 1940 Act which allows
the Board of Trustees to implement a managed distribution
policy, the Board of Trustees in the future may determine to
cause the Fund to distribute a fixed percentage of the
Funds average net asset value or market price per common
share over a specified period of time at or about the time of
distribution or to distribute a fixed dollar amount. The Board
of Trustees has no present intention to implement such a policy.
Because the Funds distribution policy may be changed by
the Board of Trustees at any time and the Funds income
will fluctuate, there can be no assurance that the Fund will pay
dividends or distributions at a particular rate. See
Dividends and Distributions in the SAI.
Shareholders will automatically have all dividends and
distributions reinvested in common shares of the Fund issued by
the Fund or purchased in the open market in accordance with the
Funds dividend reinvestment plan unless an election is
made to receive cash. See Automatic Dividend Reinvestment
and Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan.
AUTOMATIC
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT AND VOLUNTARY CASH PURCHASE PLAN
Under the Funds Automatic Dividend Reinvestment and
Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan (the Plan), a
shareholder whose common shares are registered in his or her own
name will have all distributions reinvested automatically by the
transfer agent, which is agent under the Plan, unless the
shareholder elects to receive cash. Distributions with respect
to shares registered in the name of a broker-dealer or other
nominee (that is, in street name) will be reinvested
by the broker or nominee in additional shares under the Plan,
unless the service is not provided by the broker or nominee or
the shareholder elects to receive distributions in cash.
Investors who own common shares registered in street name should
consult their broker-dealers for details regarding reinvestment.
All distributions to investors who do not participate in the
Plan will be paid by check mailed directly to the record holder
by the transfer agent as dividend disbursing agent.
Under the Plan, whenever the market price of the common shares
is equal to or exceeds net asset value at the time shares are
valued for purposes of determining the number of shares
equivalent to the cash distribution, participants in the Plan
will receive newly issued common shares. The number of shares to
be issued will be computed at a per share rate equal to the
greater of (i) the net asset value as most recently
determined or (ii) 95% of the then-current market price of
the common shares. The valuation date is the distribution
payment date or, if that date is not an NYSE trading day, the
next trading day. If the net asset value of the common shares at
the time of valuation exceeds the market price of the common
shares, participants will receive shares purchased by the Plan
agent in the open market. If the Fund should declare a
distribution payable only in cash, the Plan agent will buy the
common shares for such Plan in the open market, on the NYSE or
elsewhere, for the participants accounts, except that the
Plan agent will terminate purchases in the open market and
instead the Fund will distribute newly issued shares at a per
share rate equal to the greater of net asset value or 95% of
market value if, following the commencement of such purchases,
the market value of the common shares plus estimated brokerage
commissions exceeds net asset value.
Participants in the Plan have the option of making additional
cash payments to the Plan agent, semi-monthly, for investment in
the shares as applicable. Such payments may be made in any
amount from $250 to
39
$10,000. The Plan agent will use all funds received from
participants to purchase shares of the Fund in the open market
on or about the 1st or 15th of each month. The Plan
agent will charge each shareholder who participates $1.00, plus
a pro rata share of the brokerage commissions. Brokerage charges
for such purchases are expected to be less than the usual
brokerage charge for such transactions. It is suggested that
participants send voluntary cash payments to the Plan agent in a
manner that ensures that the Plan agent will receive these
payments approximately ten days before the investment date. A
participant may without charge withdraw a voluntary cash payment
by written notice, if the notice is received by the Plan agent
at least 48 hours before such payment is to be invested.
The Plan agent maintains all shareholder accounts in the Plan
and furnishes written confirmations of all transactions in the
account, including information needed by shareholders for
personal and tax records. Shares in the account of each Plan
participant will be held by the Plan agent in noncertificated
form in the name of the participant. A Plan participant may send
its share certificates to the Plan agent so that the shares
represented by such certificates will be held by the Plan agent
in the participants shareholder account under the Plan.
In the case of shareholders such as banks, brokers or nominees,
that hold shares for others who are the beneficial owners, the
Plan agent will administer the Plan on the basis of the number
of shares certified from time to time by the shareholder as
representing the total amount registered in the
shareholders name and held for the account of beneficial
owners who participate in the Plan.
The automatic reinvestment of dividends and other distributions
will not relieve participants of any U.S. federal, state or
local income tax that may be payable (or required to be
withheld) on such dividends or other distributions.
The Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate its Plan as
applied to any voluntary cash payments made and any distribution
paid with at least 90 days written notice to the
participants in such Plan. The Plan also may be amended or
terminated by the Plan agent, with the Funds prior written
consent, on at least 90 days written notice to the
participants in such Plan. All correspondence concerning the
Plan should be directed to the transfer agent.
DESCRIPTION
OF THE SHARES
The following is a brief description of the terms of the
Funds shares. This description does not purport to be
complete and is qualified by reference to the Funds
Agreement and Declaration of Trust and its By-Laws. For complete
terms of the shares, please refer to the actual terms of such
series, which are set forth in the Agreement and Declaration of
Trust.
Common
Shares
The Fund is an unincorporated statutory trust organized under
the laws of Delaware pursuant to a Certificate of Trust dated as
of January 4, 2005. The Fund is authorized to issue an
unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest, par
value $0.001 per share. Each common share has one vote and, when
issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this
offering, will be fully paid and non-assessable. Though the Fund
expects to pay distributions monthly on the common shares, it is
not obligated to do so. All common shares are equal as to
distributions, assets and voting privileges and have no
conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights. The Fund
will send annual and semi-annual reports, including financial
statements, to all holders of its shares.
Offerings of shares require approval by the Funds Board of
Trustees. Any additional offering of common shares will be
subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, which provides that
common shares may not be issued at a price below the then
current net asset value, exclusive of sales load, except in
connection with an offering to existing holders of common shares
or with the consent of a majority of the Funds outstanding
voting securities.
40
The Funds common shares are listed on the NYSE under the
symbol GGN.
The Funds net asset value per share will be reduced
immediately following the offering of common shares by the
amount of the offering expenses paid by the Fund. See Use
of Proceeds. Unlike open-end funds, closed-end funds like
the Fund do not continuously offer shares and do not provide
daily redemptions. Rather, if a shareholder determines to buy
additional common shares or sell shares already held, the
shareholder may do so by trading through a broker on the NYSE or
otherwise.
Shares of closed-end investment companies often trade on an
exchange at prices lower than net asset value. Because the
market value of the common shares may be influenced by such
factors as dividend and distribution levels (which are in turn
affected by expenses), dividend and distribution stability, net
asset value, market liquidity, relative demand for and supply of
such shares in the market, unrealized gains, general market and
economic conditions and other factors beyond the control of the
Fund, the Fund cannot assure you that common shares will trade
at a price equal to or higher than net asset value in the
future. The common shares are designed primarily for long-term
investors and you should not purchase the common shares if you
intend to sell them soon after purchase.
The Funds common shareholders will vote as a single class
to elect the Funds Board of Trustees and on additional
matters with respect to which the 1940 Act, the Funds
Declaration of Trust, By-Laws or resolutions adopted by the
Trustees provide for a vote of the Funds common
shareholders. See Anti-Takeover Provisions of the
Funds Governing Documents.
Book
Entry
The common shares sold through this offering will initially be
held in the name of Cede & Co. as nominee for the
Depository Trust Company (DTC). The Fund will
treat Cede & Co. as the holder of record of the common
shares for all purposes. In accordance with the procedures of
DTC, however, purchasers of common shares will be deemed the
beneficial owners of shares purchased for purposes of
distributions, voting and liquidation rights. Purchasers of
common shares may obtain registered certificates by contacting
the transfer agent.
Preferred
Shares
Currently, an unlimited number of the Funds shares have
been classified by the Board of Trustees as preferred shares,
par value $0.001 per share. The terms of such preferred shares
may be fixed by the Board of Trustees and would materially limit
and/or
qualify the rights of the holders of the Funds common
shares.
On October 16, 2007, the Fund completed the placement of
$100 million of Preferred Shares consisting of
4 million shares designated as Series A and paying
dividends of an annual rate equal to 6.625% of liquidation
preference. The Preferred Shares are senior to the common shares
and result in the financial leveraging of the common shares.
Such leveraging tends to magnify both the risks and
opportunities to common shareholders. Dividends on the Preferred
Shares are cumulative. The Fund is required by the 1940 Act and
by the Statement of Preferences to meet certain asset coverage
tests with respect to the Preferred Shares. If the Fund fails to
meet these requirements and does not correct such failure, the
Fund may be required to redeem, in part or in full, the
Preferred Shares at the redemption price of $25 per share plus
an amount equal to the accumulated and unpaid dividends whether
or not declared on such shares in order to meet the
requirements. Additionally, failure to meet the foregoing asset
coverage requirements could restrict the Funds ability to
pay dividends to common shareholders and could lead to sales of
portfolio securities at inopportune times. The income received
on the Funds assets may vary in a manner unrelated to the
fixed rate, which could have either a beneficial or detrimental
impact on net investment income and gains available to common
shareholders.
The Preferred Shares are listed on the NYSE under the ticker
symbol GGN PrA.
Upon a liquidation, each holder of the preferred shares will be
entitled to receive out of the assets of the Fund available for
distribution to shareholders (after payment of claims of the
Funds creditors but before any
41
distributions with respect to the Funds common shares or
any other shares of the Fund ranking junior to the preferred
shares as to liquidation payments) an amount per share equal to
such shares liquidation preference plus any accumulated
but unpaid distributions (whether or not earned or declared,
excluding interest thereon) to the date of distribution, and
such shareholders shall be entitled to no further participation
in any distribution or payment in connection with such
liquidation. Each series of the preferred shares will rank on a
parity with any other series of preferred shares of the Fund as
to the payment of distributions and the distribution of assets
upon liquidation, and will be junior to the Funds
obligations with respect to any outstanding senior securities
representing debt. The preferred shares carry one vote per share
on all matters on which such shares are entitled to vote. The
preferred shares will, upon issuance, be fully paid and
nonassessable and will have no preemptive, exchange or
conversion rights. The Board of Trustees may by resolution
classify or reclassify any authorized but unissued capital
shares of the Fund from time to time by setting or changing the
preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to distributions or terms or
conditions of redemption. The Fund will not issue any class of
shares senior to the preferred shares.
Rating Agency Guidelines. Upon issuance, it is
expected that the preferred shares will be rated Aaa
by Moodys
and/or
AAA by S&P. The Fund expects that it will be
required under Moodys and S&P guidelines to maintain
assets having in the aggregate a discounted value at least equal
to the Basic Maintenance Amount (as defined below) for its
outstanding preferred shares, with respect to the separate
guidelines Moodys and S&P has each established for
determining discounted value. To the extent any particular
portfolio holding does not satisfy the applicable rating
agencys guidelines, all or a portion of such
holdings value will not be included in the calculation of
discounted value (as defined by such rating agency). The
Moodys and S&P guidelines also impose certain
diversification requirements and industry concentration
limitations on the Funds overall portfolio, and apply
specified discounts to securities held by the Fund (except
certain money market securities). The Basic Maintenance
Amount is equal to (i) the sum of (a) the
aggregate liquidation preference of any preferred shares then
outstanding plus (to the extent not included in the liquidation
preference of such preferred shares) an amount equal to the
aggregate accumulated but unpaid distributions (whether or not
earned or declared) in respect of such preferred shares,
(b) the total principal of any debt (plus accrued and
projected interest), (c) certain Fund expenses and
(d) certain other current liabilities (excluding any unmade
distributions on the Funds common shares) less
(ii) the Funds (a) cash and (b) assets
consisting of indebtedness which (y) mature prior to or on
the date of redemption or repurchase of the preferred shares and
are U.S. government securities or evidences of indebtedness
rated at least Aaa,
P-1,
VMIG-1 or MIG-1 by Moodys or
AAA, SP-1+ or
A-1+
by S&P, and (z) is held by the Fund for distributions,
the redemption or repurchase of preferred shares or the
Funds liabilities.
If the Fund does not cure in a timely manner a failure to
maintain a discounted value of its portfolio equal to the Basic
Maintenance Amount in accordance with the requirements of the
applicable rating agency or agencies then rating the preferred
shares at the request of the Fund, the Fund may, and in certain
circumstances will be required to, mandatorily redeem preferred
shares, as described below under Redemption.
The Fund may, but is not required to, adopt any modifications to
the rating agency guidelines that may hereafter be established
by Moodys and S&P (or such other rating agency then
rating the preferred shares at the request of the Fund). Failure
to adopt any such modifications, however, may result in a change
in the relevant rating agencys ratings or a withdrawal of
such ratings altogether. In addition, any rating agency
providing a rating for the preferred shares at the request of
the Fund may, at any time, change or withdraw any such rating.
The Board of Trustees, without further action by the
shareholders, may amend, alter, add to or repeal certain of the
definitions and related provisions that have been adopted by the
Fund pursuant to the rating agency guidelines if the Board of
Trustees determines that such modification is necessary to
prevent a reduction in rating of the preferred shares by
Moodys and S&P, as the case may be, is in the best
interests of the holders of common shares and is not adverse to
the holders of preferred shares in view of advice to the Fund by
Moodys and S&P (or such other rating agency then
rating the preferred shares at the request of the Fund) that
such modification would not adversely affect, as the case may
be, its then current rating of the preferred shares.
42
The Board of Trustees may amend the Statement of Preferences
definition of Maximum Rate (the maximum
rate as defined below under Distributions on
the Preferred SharesMaximum Rate) to increase the
percentage amount by which the applicable reference rate is
multiplied or to increase the applicable spread to which the
reference rate is added to determine the maximum rate without
the vote or consent of the holders of the preferred shares or
any other shareholder of the Fund, but only after consultation
with the broker-dealers and with confirmation from each
applicable rating agency that the Fund could meet applicable
rating agency asset coverage tests immediately following any
such increase.
As described by Moodys and S&P, the ratings assigned
to the preferred shares are assessments of the capacity and
willingness of the Fund to pay the obligations of each of the
preferred shares. The ratings on the preferred shares are not
recommendations to purchase, hold or sell shares of either
series, inasmuch as the ratings do not comment as to market
price or suitability for a particular investor. The rating
agency guidelines also do not address the likelihood that an
owner of preferred shares will be able to sell such shares on an
exchange, in an auction or otherwise. The ratings are based on
current information furnished to Moodys and S&P by
the Fund and the Investment Adviser and information obtained
from other sources. The ratings may be changed, suspended or
withdrawn as a result of changes in, or the unavailability of,
such information.
The rating agency guidelines will apply to the preferred shares,
as the case may be, only so long as such rating agency is rating
such shares at the request of the Fund. The Fund will pay fees
to Moodys and S&P for rating the preferred shares.
Asset Maintenance Requirements. In addition to
the requirements summarized under Rating Agency
Guidelines above, the Fund must also satisfy asset
maintenance requirements under the 1940 Act with respect to its
preferred shares. Under the 1940 Act, such debt or preferred
shares may be issued only if immediately after such issuance the
value of the Funds total assets (less ordinary course
liabilities) is at least 300% of the amount of any debt
outstanding and at least 200% of the amount of any preferred
stock and debt outstanding.
The Fund will be required under the preferred shares
Statement of Preferences (the Statement of
Preferences) to determine whether it has, as of the last
business day of each March, June, September and December of each
year, an asset coverage (as defined in the 1940 Act)
of at least 200% (or such higher or lower percentage as may be
required at the time under the 1940 Act) with respect to all
outstanding senior securities of the Fund that are debt or
stock, including any outstanding preferred shares. If the Fund
fails to maintain the asset coverage required under the 1940 Act
on such dates and such failure is not cured within 60 calendar
days, the Fund may, and in certain circumstances will be
required to, mandatorily redeem the number of preferred shares
sufficient to satisfy such asset coverage. See
Redemption below.
Distributions. In connection with the offering
of one or more series of preferred shares, an accompanying
Prospectus Supplement will specify whether dividends on such
preferred shares will be based on a fixed or variable rate. If
such Prospectus Supplement specifies that dividends will be paid
at a fixed rate (Fixed Rate Preferred Shares),
holders of such preferred shares will be entitled to receive,
when, as and if declared by the Board of Trustees, out of funds
legally available therefor, cumulative cash distributions, at an
annual rate set forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement,
payable with such frequency as set forth in the applicable
Prospectus Supplement. Such distributions will accumulate from
the date on which such shares are issued.
In the alternative, the Prospectus Supplement may state that the
holders of one or more series of the preferred shares are
entitled to receive cash distributions at annual rates stated as
a percentage of liquidation preference, that will vary from
dividend period to dividend period (Variable Rate
Preferred Shares). The liquidation preference per share
and the dividend rate for the initial dividend period for any
such series of preferred shares will be the rate set out in the
Prospectus Supplement for such series. For subsequent dividend
periods, each such series of preferred shares will pay
distributions based on a rate set at an auction, normally held
weekly, but not in excess of a maximum rate. Dividend periods
generally will be seven days, and the dividend periods generally
will begin on the first business day after an auction. In most
instances, distributions are also paid weekly, on the business
day following the end of the dividend period. The Fund, subject
to some
43
limitations, may change the length of the dividend periods,
designating them as special dividend periods, as
described below under Designation of Special
Dividend Periods.
Distribution Payments. Except as described
below, the dividend payment date for a series of Variable Rate
Preferred Shares will be the first business day after the
dividend period ends. The dividend payment dates for special
dividend periods of more (or less) than seven days will be set
out in the notice designating a special dividend period. See
Designation of Special Dividend Periods for a
discussion of payment dates for a special dividend period.
If a dividend payment date for a series of Variable Rate
Preferred Shares is not a business day because the NYSE is
closed for business for more than three consecutive business
days due to an act of God, natural disaster, act of war, civil
or military disturbance, act of terrorism, sabotage, riots or a
loss or malfunction of utilities or communications services, or
the dividend payable on such date can not be paid for any such
reason, then:
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the dividend payment date for the affected dividend period will
be the next business day on which the Fund and its paying agent,
if any, are able to cause the distributions to be paid using
their reasonable best efforts;
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the affected dividend period will end on the day it would have
ended had such event not occurred and the dividend payment date
had remained the scheduled date; and
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the next dividend period will begin and end on the dates on
which it would have begun and ended had such event not occurred
and the dividend payment date remained the scheduled date.
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Determination of Dividend Rates. The Fund
computes the distributions per share for a series of Variable
Rate Preferred Shares by multiplying the applicable rate
determined at the auction by a fraction, the numerator of which
normally is the number of days in such dividend period and the
denominator of which is 360. This applicable rate is then
multiplied by the liquidation preference per share of such
series to arrive at the distribution per share.
Maximum Rate. The dividend rate for a series
of Variable Rate Preferred Shares that results from an auction
for such shares will not be greater than the applicable
maximum rate. The maximum rate for any standard
dividend period will be the greater of the applicable percentage
of the reference rate or the reference rate plus the applicable
spread. The reference rate will be the applicable LIBOR Rate (as
defined below) for a dividend period of fewer than 365 days
or the Treasury Index Rate (as defined below) for a dividend
period of 365 days or more. The applicable percentage and
the applicable spread will be determined based on the lower of
the credit ratings assigned to such series of preferred shares
by Moodys and S&P on the auction date for such period
(as set forth in the table below). If Moodys
and/or
S&P do not make such rating available, the rate will be
determined by reference to equivalent ratings issued by a
substitute rating agency. In the case of a special dividend
period, (1) the Fund will communicate the maximum
applicable rate in a notice of special rate period for such
dividend payment period, (2) the applicable percentage and
applicable spread will be determined on the date two business
days before the first day of such special dividend period and
(3) the reference rate will be the applicable LIBOR Rate
for a dividend period of fewer than 365 days or the
Treasury Index Rate for a dividend period of 365 days or
more.
The LIBOR Rate, as described in greater detail in
the Statement of Preferences, is the applicable London
Inter-Bank Offered Rate for deposits in U.S. dollars for
the period most closely approximating the applicable dividend
period for the preferred shares.
The Treasury Index Rate, as described in greater
detail in the Statement of Preferences, is the average yield to
maturity for certain U.S. Treasury securities having
substantially the same length to maturity as the applicable
dividend period for the preferred shares.
44
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Credit Ratings
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Applicable
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Moodys
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S&P
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Percentage
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Applicable Spread
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Aaa
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AAA
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150
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%
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1.50
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%
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Aa3 to Aa1
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AAto AA+
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250
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%
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2.50
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%
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A3 to A1
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Ato A+
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350
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%
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3.50
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%
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Baa1 or lower
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BBB+ or lower
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550
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%
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5.50
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%
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Assuming the Fund maintains an AAA and
Aaa rating on the preferred shares, the practical
effect of the different methods used to determine the maximum
rate is shown in the table below:
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Method Used to
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Maximum Applicable
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Maximum Applicable
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Determine the
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Rate Using the
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Rate Using the
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Maximum Applicable
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Reference Rate
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Applicable Percentage
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Applicable Spread
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Rate
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1%
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1.50
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%
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2.50
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%
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Spread
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2%
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3.00
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%
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3.50
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%
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Spread
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3%
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4.50
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%
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4.50
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%
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Either
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4%
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6.00
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%
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5.50
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%
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Percentage
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5%
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7.50
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%
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6.50
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%
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Percentage
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6%
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9.00
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%
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7.50
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%
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Percentage
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There is no minimum dividend rate in respect of any dividend
period.
Effect of Failure to Pay Distributions in a Timely
Manner. If the Fund fails to pay the paying agent
the full amount of any distribution or redemption price, as
applicable, for a series of variable rate preferred shares in a
timely manner, the dividend rate for the dividend period
following such a failure to pay (such period referred to as the
default period) and any subsequent dividend period for which
such default is continuing will be the default rate. In the
event that the Fund fully pays all default amounts due during a
dividend period, the dividend rate for the remainder of that
dividend period will be, as the case may be, the applicable rate
(for the first dividend period following a dividend default) or
the then maximum rate (for any subsequent dividend period for
which such default is continuing).
The default rate is 550% of the applicable LIBOR Rate for a
dividend period of 364 days or fewer and 550% of the
applicable Treasury Index Rate for a dividend period of longer
than 364 days.
Designation of Special Dividend Periods. The
Fund may instruct the auction agent to hold auctions more or
less frequently than weekly and may designate dividend periods
longer or shorter than one week. The Fund may do this if, for
example, the Fund expects that short-term rates might increase
or market conditions otherwise change, in an effort to optimize
the potential benefit of the Funds leverage for holders of
its common shares. The Fund does not currently expect to hold
auctions and pay distributions less frequently than weekly or
establish dividend periods longer or shorter than one week. If
the Fund designates a special dividend period, changes in
interest rates could affect the price received if preferred
shares are sold in the secondary market.
Any designation of a special dividend period for a series of
Variable Rate Preferred Shares will be effective only if
(i) notice thereof has been given as provided for in the
governing documents, (ii) any failure to pay in a timely
manner to the auction agent the full amount of any distribution
on, or the redemption price of, any preferred shares has been
cured as provided for in the governing documents, (iii) the
auction immediately preceding the special dividend period was
not a failed auction, (iv) if the Fund has mailed a notice
of redemption with respect to any preferred shares, the Fund has
deposited with the paying agent all funds necessary for such
redemption and (v) the Fund has confirmed that as of the
auction date next preceding the first day of such special
dividend period, it has assets with an aggregate discounted
value at least equal to the Basic Maintenance Amount, and the
Fund has provided notice of such designation and a Basic
Maintenance Report to each rating agency then rating the
preferred shares at the request of the Fund.
45
The dividend payment date for any such special dividend period
will be set out in the notice designating the special dividend
period. In addition, for special dividend periods of at least
91 days, dividend payment dates will occur on the first
business day of each calendar month within such dividend period
and on the business day following the last day of such dividend
period.
Before the Fund designates a special dividend period:
(i) at least seven business days (or two business days in
the event the duration of the dividend period prior to such
special dividend period is less than eight days) and not more
than 30 business days before the first day of the proposed
special dividend period, the Fund will issue a press release
stating its intention to designate a special dividend period and
inform the auction agent of the proposed special dividend period
by telephonic or other means and confirm it in writing promptly
thereafter and (ii) the Fund must inform the auction agent
of the proposed special dividend period by 3:00 p.m., New
York City time on the second business day before the first day
of the proposed special dividend period.
Restrictions
on Dividends and Other Distributions for the Preferred
Shares
So long as any preferred shares are outstanding, the Fund may
not pay any dividend or distribution (other than a dividend or
distribution paid in common shares or in options, warrants or
rights to subscribe for or purchase common shares) in respect of
the common shares or call for redemption, redeem, purchase or
otherwise acquire for consideration any common shares (except by
conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking
junior to the preferred shares as to the payment of dividends
and the distribution of assets upon liquidation), unless:
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the Fund has declared and paid (or provided to the relevant
dividend paying agent) all cumulative distributions on the
Funds outstanding preferred shares due on or prior to the
date of such common share dividend or distribution;
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the Fund has redeemed the full number of preferred shares to be
redeemed pursuant to any mandatory redemption provision in the
Funds governing documents; and
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after making the distribution, the Fund meets applicable asset
coverage requirements described under Rating Agency
Guidelines and Asset Maintenance
Requirements.
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No full distribution will be declared or made on any series of
the preferred shares for any dividend period, or part thereof,
unless full cumulative distributions due through the most recent
dividend payment dates therefor for all outstanding series of
preferred shares of the Fund ranking on a parity with such
series as to distributions have been or contemporaneously are
declared and made. If full cumulative distributions due have not
been made on all outstanding preferred shares of the Fund
ranking on a parity with such series of preferred shares as to
the payment of distributions, any distributions being paid on
the preferred shares will be paid as nearly pro rata as possible
in proportion to the respective amounts of distributions
accumulated but unmade on each such series of preferred shares
on the relevant dividend payment date. The Funds
obligation to make distributions on the preferred shares will be
subordinate to its obligations to pay interest and principal,
when due, on any of the Funds senior securities
representing debt.
Redemption
Mandatory Redemption Relating to Asset Coverage
Requirements. The Fund may, at its option,
consistent with its Governing Documents and the 1940 Act, and in
certain circumstances will be required to, mandatorily redeem
preferred shares in the event that:
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the Fund fails to maintain the asset coverage requirements
specified under the 1940 Act on a quarterly valuation date and
such failure is not cured on or before 60 days, in the case
of the Fixed Rate Preferred Shares, or 10 business days, in the
case of the Variable Rate Preferred Shares, following such
failure; or
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46
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the Fund fails to maintain the asset coverage requirements as
calculated in accordance with the applicable rating agency
guidelines as of any monthly valuation date, and such failure is
not cured on or before 10 business days after such valuation
date.
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The redemption price for preferred shares subject to mandatory
redemption will be the liquidation preference, as stated in the
Prospectus Supplement accompanying the issuance of such
preferred shares, plus an amount equal to any accumulated but
unpaid distributions (whether or not earned or declared) to the
date fixed for redemption, plus (in the case of Variable Rate
Preferred Shares having a dividend period of more than one year)
any applicable redemption premium determined by the Board of
Trustees and included in the Statement of Preferences.
The number of preferred shares that will be redeemed in the case
of a mandatory redemption will equal the minimum number of
outstanding preferred shares, the redemption of which, if such
redemption had occurred immediately prior to the opening of
business on the applicable cure date, would have resulted in the
relevant asset coverage requirement having been met or, if the
required asset coverage cannot be so restored, all of the
preferred shares. In the event that preferred shares are
redeemed due to a failure to satisfy the 1940 Act asset coverage
requirements, the Fund may, but is not required to, redeem a
sufficient number of preferred shares so that the Funds
assets exceed the asset coverage requirements under the 1940 Act
after the redemption by 10% (that is, 220% asset coverage). In
the event that preferred shares are redeemed due to a failure to
satisfy applicable rating agency guidelines, the Fund may, but
is not required to, redeem a sufficient number of preferred
shares so that the Funds discounted portfolio value (as
determined in accordance with the applicable rating agency
guidelines) after redemption exceeds the asset coverage
requirements of each applicable rating agency by up to 10% (that
is, 110% rating agency asset coverage). In addition, as
discussed under Optional Redemption of the Preferred
Shares below, the Fund generally may redeem Variable Rate
Preferred Shares subject to a variable rate, in whole or in
part, at its option at any time (usually on a dividend or
distribution payment date), other than during a non-call period.
If the Fund does not have funds legally available for the
redemption of, or is otherwise unable to redeem, all the
preferred shares to be redeemed on any redemption date, the Fund
will redeem on such redemption date that number of shares for
which it has legally available funds, or is otherwise able to
redeem, from the holders whose shares are to be redeemed ratably
on the basis of the redemption price of such shares, and the
remainder of those shares to be redeemed will be redeemed on the
earliest practicable date on which the Fund will have funds
legally available for the redemption of, or is otherwise able to
redeem, such shares upon written notice of redemption.
If fewer than all of the Funds outstanding preferred
shares are to be redeemed, the Fund, at its discretion and
subject to the limitations of its Governing Documents and the
1940 Act, will select the one or more series of preferred shares
from which shares will be redeemed and the amount of preferred
shares to be redeemed from each such series. If less than all
preferred shares of a series are to be redeemed, such redemption
will be made as among the holders of that series pro rata in
accordance with the respective number of shares of such series
held by each such holder on the record date for such redemption
(or by such other equitable method as the Fund may determine).
If fewer than all the preferred shares held by any holder are to
be redeemed, the notice of redemption mailed to such holder will
specify the number of shares to be redeemed from such holder,
which may be expressed as a percentage of shares held on the
applicable record date.
Optional Redemption of Fixed Rate Preferred
Shares. Fixed Rate Preferred Shares will not be
subject to optional redemption by the Fund until the date, if
any, specified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, unless
such redemption is necessary, in the judgment of the Fund, to
maintain the Funds status as a regulated investment
company under the Code. Commencing on such date and thereafter,
the Trust may at any time redeem such Fixed Rate Preferred
Shares in whole or in part for cash at a redemption price per
share equal to the initial liquidation preference per share plus
accumulated and unpaid distributions (whether or not earned or
declared) to the redemption date. Such redemptions are subject
to the notice requirements set forth under
Redemption Procedures and the limitations
of the Governing Documents and 1940 Act.
47
Optional Redemption of Variable Rate Preferred
Shares. The Fund generally may redeem Variable
Rate Preferred Shares, if issued, in whole or in part, at its
option at any time (usually on a dividend or distribution
payment date), other than during a non-call period. The Fund may
designate a non-call period during a dividend period of more
than seven days. In the case of such preferred shares having a
dividend period of one year or less, the redemption price per
share will equal the initial liquidation preference plus an
amount equal to any accumulated but unpaid distributions thereon
(whether or not earned or declared) to the redemption date, and
in the case of such Preferred Shares having a dividend period of
more than one year, the redemption price per share will equal
the initial liquidation preference plus any redemption premium
applicable during such dividend period. Such redemptions are
subject to the notice requirements set forth under
Redemption Procedures and the limitations
of the Governing Documents and 1940 Act.
Redemption Procedures. A notice of
redemption with respect to an optional redemption will be given
to the holders of record of preferred shares selected for
redemption not less than 15 days (subject to NYSE
requirements), in the case of Fixed Rate Preferred Shares, and
not less than seven days in the case of Variable Rate Preferred
Shares, nor, in both cases, more than 40 days prior to the
date fixed for redemption. Preferred shareholders may receive
shorter notice in the event of a mandatory redemption. Each
notice of redemption will state (i) the redemption date,
(ii) the number or percentage of preferred shares to be
redeemed (which may be expressed as a percentage of such shares
outstanding), (iii) the CUSIP number(s) of such shares,
(iv) the redemption price (specifying the amount of
accumulated distributions to be included therein), (v) the
place or places where such shares are to be redeemed,
(vi) that distributions on the shares to be redeemed will
cease to accumulate on such redemption date, (vii) the
provision of the Statement of Preferences, as applicable, under
which the redemption is being made and (viii) any
conditions precedent to such redemption. No defect in the notice
of redemption or in the mailing thereof will affect the validity
of the redemption proceedings, except as required by applicable
law.
The holders of any preferred shares, whether subject to a
variable or fixed rate, will not have the right to redeem any of
their shares at their option.
Liquidation Preference. In the event of any
voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up
of the affairs of the Fund, the holders of preferred shares will
be entitled to receive a preferential liquidating distribution,
which is expected to equal the original purchase price per
preferred share plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, whether
or not declared, before any distribution of assets is made to
holders of common shares. After payment of the full amount of
the liquidating distribution to which they are entitled, the
holders of preferred shares will not be entitled to any further
participation in any distribution of assets by the Fund.
Voting Rights. The 1940 Act requires that the
holders of any preferred shares, voting separately as a single
class, have the right to elect at least two Trustees at all
times. The remaining Trustees will be elected by holders of
common shares and preferred shares, voting together as a single
class. In addition, subject to the prior rights, if any, of the
holders of any other class of senior securities outstanding, the
holders of any preferred shares have the right to elect a
majority of the Trustees at any time two years dividends
on any preferred shares are unpaid. The 1940 Act also requires
that, in addition to any approval by shareholders that might
otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of a majority
of any outstanding preferred shares, voting separately as a
class, would be required to (i) adopt any plan of
reorganization that would adversely affect the preferred shares,
and (ii) take any action requiring a vote of security
holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including,
among other things, changes in the Funds subclassification
as a closed-end investment company to an open-end company or
changes in its fundamental investment restrictions. As a result
of these voting rights, the Funds ability to take any such
actions may be impeded to the extent that there are any
preferred shares outstanding. The Board of Trustees presently
intends that, except as otherwise indicated in this prospectus
and except as otherwise required by applicable law, holders of
preferred shares will have equal voting rights with holders of
common shares (one vote per share, unless otherwise required by
the 1940 Act) and will vote together with holders of common
shares as a single class.
48
The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding preferred shares, voting as a separate class, will
be required to amend, alter or repeal any of the preferences,
rights or powers of holders of preferred shares so as to affect
materially and adversely such preferences, rights or powers, or
to increase or decrease the authorized number of preferred
shares. The class vote of holders of preferred shares described
above will in each case be in addition to any other vote
required to authorize the action in question.
The foregoing voting provisions will not apply to any preferred
shares if, at or prior to the time when the act with respect to
which such vote otherwise would be required will be effected,
such shares will have been redeemed or called for redemption and
sufficient cash or cash equivalents provided to the applicable
paying agent to effect such redemption.
Book Entry. Fixed Rate Preferred Shares will
initially be held in the name of Cede & Co. as nominee
for DTC. The Fund will treat Cede & Co. as the holder
of record of preferred shares for all purposes. In accordance
with the procedures of DTC, however, purchasers of Fixed Rate
Preferred Shares will be deemed the beneficial owners of stock
purchased for purposes of dividends, voting and liquidation
rights.
Variable Rate Preferred Shares will initially be held by the
auction agent as custodian for Cede & Co., in whose
name the Variable Rate Preferred Shares will be registered. The
Fund will treat Cede & Co. as the holder of record of
the Variable Rate Preferred Shares for all purposes.
ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS OF THE FUNDS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS
The Fund presently has provisions in its Governing Documents
which could have the effect of limiting, in each case,
(i) the ability of other entities or persons to acquire
control of the Fund, (ii) the Funds freedom to engage
in certain transactions or (iii) the ability of the
Funds Trustees or shareholders to amend the Governing
Documents or effectuate changes in the Funds management.
These provisions of the Governing Documents of the Fund may be
regarded as anti-takeover provisions. The Board of
Trustees of the Fund is divided into three classes, each having
a term of no more than three years (except, to ensure that the
term of a class of the Funds Trustees expires each year,
one class of the Funds Trustees will serve an initial
one-year term and three-year terms thereafter and another class
of its Trustees will serve an initial two-year term and
three-year terms thereafter). Each year the term of one class of
Trustees will expire. Accordingly, only those Trustees in one
class may be changed in any one year, and it would require a
minimum of two years to change a majority of the Board of
Trustees. Such system of electing Trustees may have the effect
of maintaining the continuity of management and, thus, make it
more difficult for the shareholders of the Fund to change the
majority of Trustees. See Management of the
FundTrustees and Officers in the SAI. A trustee of
the Fund may be removed with or without cause by two-thirds of
the remaining Trustees and, without cause, by
662/3%
of the votes entitled to be cast for the election of such
Trustees. Special voting requirements of 75% of the outstanding
voting shares (in addition to any required class votes) apply to
certain mergers or a sale of all or substantially all of the
Funds assets, liquidation, conversion of the Fund into an
open-end fund or interval fund and amendments to several
provisions of the Declaration of Trust, including the foregoing
provisions. In addition, after completion of the offering, 80%
of the holders of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund
voting as a class is generally required in order to authorize
any of the following transactions:
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merger or consolidation of the Fund with or into any other
entity;
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issuance of any securities of the Fund to any person or entity
for cash, other than pursuant to the Dividend and Reinvestment
Plan or any offering if such person or entity acquires no
greater percentage of the securities offered than the percentage
beneficially owned by such person or entity immediately prior to
such offering or, in the case of a class or series not then
beneficially owned by such person or entity, the percentage of
common shares beneficially owned by such person or entity
immediately prior to such offering;
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sale, lease or exchange of all or any substantial part of the
assets of the Fund to any entity or person (except assets having
an aggregate fair market value of less than $5,000,000);
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49
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sale, lease or exchange to the Fund, in exchange for securities
of the Fund, of any assets of any entity or person (except
assets having an aggregate fair market value of less than
$5,000,000); or
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the purchase of the Funds common shares by the Fund from
any person or entity other than pursuant to a tender offer
equally available to other shareholders in which such person or
entity tenders no greater percentage of common shares than are
tendered by all other shareholders; if such person or entity is
directly, or indirectly through affiliates, the beneficial owner
of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
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However, such vote would not be required when, under certain
conditions, the Board of Trustees approves the transaction.
In addition, shareholders have no authority to adopt, amend or
repeal By-Laws. The Board of Trustees has authority to adopt,
amend and repeal By-Laws consistent with the Declaration of
Trust (including to require approval by the holders of a
majority of the outstanding shares for the election of Trustees).
The provisions of the Governing Documents described above could
have the effect of depriving the owners of shares in the Fund of
opportunities to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing
market prices, by discouraging a third party from seeking to
obtain control of the Fund in a tender offer or similar
transaction. The overall effect of these provisions is to render
more difficult the accomplishment of a merger or the assumption
of control by a principal shareholder.
The Governing Documents of the Fund are on file with the SEC.
For the full text of these provisions, see Additional
Information.
CLOSED-END
FUND STRUCTURE
The Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment
company (commonly referred to as a closed-end fund). Closed-end
funds differ from open-end funds (which are generally referred
to as mutual funds) in that closed-end funds generally list
their shares for trading on a stock exchange and do not redeem
their shares at the request of the shareholder. This means that
if you wish to sell your shares of a closed-end fund you must
trade them on the market like any other stock at the prevailing
market price at that time. In a mutual fund, if the shareholder
wishes to sell shares of the fund, the mutual fund will redeem
or buy back the shares at net asset value. Also,
mutual funds generally offer new shares on a continuous basis to
new investors, and closed-end funds generally do not. The
continuous inflows and outflows of assets in a mutual fund can
make it difficult to manage the funds investments. By
comparison, closed-end funds are generally able to stay more
fully invested in securities that are consistent with their
investment objectives, to have greater flexibility to make
certain types of investments and to use certain investment
strategies such as financial leverage and investments in
illiquid securities.
Shares of closed-end funds often trade at a discount to their
net asset value. Because of this possibility and the recognition
that any such discount may not be in the interest of
shareholders, the Funds Board of Trustees might consider
from time to time engaging in open-market repurchases, tender
offers for shares or other programs intended to reduce a
discount. We cannot guarantee or assure, however, that the
Funds Board of Trustees will decide to engage in any of
these actions. Nor is there any guarantee or assurance that such
actions, if undertaken, would result in the shares trading at a
price equal or close to net asset value per share. The Board of
Trustees might also consider converting the Fund to an open-end
mutual fund, which would also require a supermajority vote of
the shareholders of the Fund and a separate vote of any
outstanding preferred shares. We cannot assure you that the
Funds common shares will not trade at a discount.
REPURCHASE
OF COMMON SHARES
The Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment
company and as such its shareholders do not, and will not, have
the right to require the Fund to repurchase their shares. The
Fund, however, may repurchase its common shares from time to
time as and when it deems such a repurchase advisable. The
50
Board of Trustees has authorized such repurchases to be made
when the Funds common shares are trading at a discount
from net asset value of 7.5% or more (or such other percentage
as the Board of Trustees of the Fund may determine from time to
time). Although the Board of Trustees has authorized such
repurchases, the Fund is not required to repurchase its common
shares. The Board of Trustees has not established a limit on the
number of shares that could be purchased during such period.
Pursuant to the 1940 Act, the Fund may repurchase its common
shares on a securities exchange (provided that the Fund has
informed its shareholders within the preceding six months of its
intention to repurchase such shares) or pursuant to tenders and
may also repurchase shares privately if the Fund meets certain
conditions regarding, among other things, distribution of net
income for the preceding fiscal year, status of the seller,
price paid, brokerage commissions, prior notice to shareholders
of an intention to purchase shares and purchasing in a manner
and on a basis that does not discriminate unfairly against the
other shareholders through their interest in the Fund.
When the Fund repurchases its common shares for a price below
net asset value, the net asset value of the common shares that
remain outstanding shares will be enhanced, but this does not
necessarily mean that the market price of the outstanding common
shares will be affected, either positively or negatively. The
repurchase of common shares will reduce the total assets of the
Fund available for investment and may increase the Funds
expense ratio.
NET ASSET
VALUE
For purposes of determining the Funds net asset value per
share, portfolio securities listed or traded on a nationally
recognized securities exchange or traded in the
U.S. over-the-counter market for which market quotations
are readily available are valued at the last quoted sale price
or a markets official closing price as of the close of
business on the day the securities are being valued. If there
were no sales that day, the security is valued at the average of
the closing bid and asked prices, or, if there were no asked
prices quoted on such day, the security is valued at the most
recently available price or, if the Board of Trustees so
determines, by such other method as the Board of Trustees shall
determine in good faith, to reflect its fair market value.
Portfolio securities traded on more than one national securities
exchange or market are valued according to the broadest and most
representative market, as determined by the Investment Adviser.
Portfolio securities primarily traded on foreign markets are
generally valued at the preceding closing values of such
securities on the relevant market, but may be fair valued
pursuant to procedures established by the Board of Trustees if
market conditions change significantly after the close of the
foreign market but prior to the close of business on the day the
securities are being valued. Debt instruments with remaining
maturities of 60 days or less that are not credit impaired
are valued at amortized cost, unless the Board of Trustees
determines such amount does not reflect the securities
fair value, in which case these securities will be fair valued
by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees. Debt
instruments having a maturity greater than 60 days for
which market quotations are readily available are valued at the
average of the latest bid and asked prices. If there were no
asked prices quoted on such day, the security is valued using
the closing bid price. Futures contracts are valued at the
closing settlement price of the exchange or board of trade on
which the applicable contract is traded.
Securities and assets for which market quotations are not
readily available are valued at their fair value as determined
in good faith under procedures established by and under the
general supervision of the Board of Trustees. Fair valuation
methodologies and procedures may include, but are not limited
to: analysis and review of available financial and non-financial
information about the company; comparisons to the valuation and
changes in valuation of similar securities, including a
comparison of foreign securities to the equivalent
U.S. dollar value ADR securities at the close of the
U.S. exchange; and evaluation of any other information that
could be indicative of the value of the security.
The Fund obtains valuations on the basis of prices provided by a
pricing service approved by the Board of Trustees. All other
investment assets, including restricted and not readily
marketable securities, are valued in good faith at fair value
under procedures established by and under the general
supervision and responsibility of the Funds Board of
Trustees.
51
In addition, whenever developments in one or more securities
markets after the close of the principal markets for one or more
portfolio securities and before the time as of which the Fund
determines its net asset value would, if such developments had
been reflected in such principal markets, likely have more than
a minimal effect on the Funds net asset value per share,
the Fund may fair value such portfolio securities based on
available market information as of the time the Fund determines
its net asset value.
NYSE Closings. The holidays (as observed) on
which the NYSE is closed, and therefore days upon which
shareholders cannot purchase or sell shares, currently are: New
Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day,
Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence
Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day and on the
preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when a holiday falls on a
Saturday or Sunday, respectively.
TAXATION
The following discussion is a brief summary of certain
U.S. federal income tax considerations affecting the Fund
and the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Funds
shares. A more complete discussion of the tax rules applicable
to the Fund and its shareholders can be found in the SAI that is
incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This discussion
assumes you are a U.S. person and that you hold your shares
as capital assets. This discussion is based upon current
provisions of the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder
and judicial and administrative authorities, all of which are
subject to change or differing interpretations by the courts or
the Internal Revenue Service (the IRS), possibly
with retroactive effect. No attempt is made to present a
detailed explanation of all U.S. federal tax concerns
affecting the Fund and its shareholders (including shareholders
owning large positions in the Fund).
The discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax
advice and potential investors are urged to consult their own
tax advisers to determine the tax consequences to them of
investing in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The Fund has elected to be treated and has qualified, and
intends to continue to qualify annually, as a regulated
investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly,
the Fund must, among other things, meet the following
requirements regarding the source of its income and the
diversification of its assets:
(i) The Fund must derive in each taxable year at least 90%
of its gross income from the following sources, which are
referred to herein as Qualifying Income:
(a) dividends, interest (including tax-exempt interest),
payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains
from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or
foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited
to gain from options, futures and forward contracts) derived
with respect to its business of investing in such stock,
securities or foreign currencies; and (b) interests in
publicly traded partnerships that are treated as partnerships
for U.S. federal income tax purposes and that derive less
than 90% of their gross income from the items described in
(a) above (each a Qualified Publicly Traded
Partnership).
(ii) The Fund must diversify its holdings so that, at the
end of each quarter of each taxable year (a) at least 50%
of the market value of the Funds total assets is
represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government
securities, the securities of other regulated investment
companies and other securities, with such other securities
limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater
than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets and not
more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such
issuer and (b) not more than 25% of the market value of the
Funds total assets is invested in the securities (other
than U.S. government securities and the securities of other
regulated investment companies) of (I) any one issuer,
(II) any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and
that are determined to be engaged in the same business or
similar or related trades or businesses or (III) any one or
more Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships.
52
Income from the Funds investments in grantor trusts and
equity interest of MLPs that are not Qualified Publicly Traded
Partnerships (if any) will be Qualifying Income to the extent it
is attributable to items of income of such trust or MLP that
would be Qualifying Income if earned directly by the Fund.
The Funds investments in partnerships, including in
Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships, may result in the Fund
being subject to state, local or foreign income, franchise or
withholding tax liabilities.
As a regulated investment company, the Fund generally will not
be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income and gains
that the Fund distributes to its shareholders, provided that it
distributes each taxable year at least the sum of (i) 90%
of the Funds investment company taxable income (which
includes, among other items, dividends, interest and the excess
of any net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital
loss and other taxable income, other than any net long-term
capital gain, reduced by deductible expenses) determined without
regard to the deduction for dividends paid and (ii) 90% of
the Funds net tax-exempt interest income (the excess of
its gross tax-exempt interest over certain disallowed
deductions). The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of
such income at least annually. The Fund will be subject to
income tax at regular corporate rates on any taxable income or
gains that it does not distribute to its shareholders.
The Code imposes a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the Fund to
the extent the Fund does not distribute by the end of any
calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of
(i) 98% of its ordinary income (not taking into account any
capital gain or loss) for the calendar year and (ii) 98% of
its capital gain in excess of its capital loss (adjusted for
certain ordinary losses) for a one-year period generally ending
on October 31 of the calendar year (unless an election is made
to use the Funds fiscal year). In addition, the minimum
amounts that must be distributed in any year to avoid the excise
tax will be increased or decreased to reflect any
under-distribution or over-distribution, as the case may be,
from the previous year. While the Fund intends to distribute any
income and capital gain in the manner necessary to minimize
imposition of the 4% excise tax, there can be no assurance that
sufficient amounts of the Funds taxable income and capital
gain will be distributed to entirely avoid the imposition of the
excise tax. In that event, the Fund will be liable for the
excise tax only on the amount by which it does not meet the
foregoing distribution requirement.
If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a regulated
investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net
capital gain) will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates
without any deduction for distributions to shareholders.
Taxation
of Shareholders
Distributions paid to you by the Fund from its net realized
long-term capital gains, if any, that the Fund designates as
capital gains dividends (capital gain dividends) are
taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you
have held your common shares. All other dividends paid to you by
the Fund (including dividends from short-term capital gains)
from its current or accumulated earnings and profits
(ordinary income dividends) are generally subject to
tax as ordinary income.
Special rules apply, however, to ordinary income dividends paid
to individuals with respect to taxable years beginning on or
before December 31, 2010. If you are an individual, any
such ordinary income dividend that you receive from the Fund
generally will be eligible for taxation at the Federal rates
applicable to long-term capital gains (currently at a maximum
rate of 15%) to the extent that (i) the ordinary income
dividend is attributable to qualified dividend
income (i.e., generally dividends paid by
U.S. corporations and certain foreign corporations)
received by the Fund, (ii) the Fund satisfies certain
holding period and other requirements with respect to the stock
on which such qualified dividend income was paid and
(iii) you satisfy certain holding period and other
requirements with respect to your common shares. There can be no
assurance as to what portion of the Funds ordinary income
dividends will constitute qualified dividend income.
Any distributions you receive that are in excess of the
Funds current or accumulated earnings and profits will be
treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of your
adjusted tax basis in your common shares, and thereafter as
capital gain from the sale of common shares. The amount of any
Fund distribution that is treated as a tax-free return of
capital will reduce your adjusted tax basis in your common
shares, thereby
53
increasing your potential gain or reducing your potential loss
on any subsequent sale or other disposition of your common
shares.
Dividends and other taxable distributions are taxable to you
even though they are reinvested in additional common shares of
the Fund. Dividends and other distributions paid by the Fund are
generally treated under the Code as received by you at the time
the dividend or distribution is made. If, however, the Fund pays
you a dividend in January that was declared in the previous
October, November or December and you were the shareholder of
record on a specified date in one of such months, then such
dividend will be treated for tax purposes as being paid by the
Fund and received by you on December 31 of the year in which the
dividend was declared.
The Fund will send you information after the end of each year
setting forth the amount and tax status of any distributions
paid to you by the Fund.
The sale or other disposition of common shares of the Fund will
generally result in capital gain or loss to you, and will be
long-term capital gain or loss if you have held such common
shares for more than one year at the time of sale. Any loss upon
the sale or exchange of common shares held for six months or
less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of
any capital gain dividends received (including amounts credited
as an undistributed capital gain dividend) by you with respect
to such common shares. Any loss you realize on a sale or
exchange of common shares will be disallowed if you acquire
other common shares (whether through the automatic reinvestment
of dividends or otherwise) within a
61-day
period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days
after your sale or exchange of the common shares. In such case,
your tax basis in the common shares acquired will be adjusted to
reflect the disallowed loss.
The Fund may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal
backup withholding tax purposes, a portion of the dividends,
distributions and redemption proceeds payable to shareholders
who fail to provide the Fund (or its agent) with their correct
taxpayer identification number (in the case of individuals,
generally, their social security number) or to make required
certifications, or who have been notified by the IRS that they
are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders are
exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an
additional tax and any amount withheld may be refunded or
credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if
any, provided that you furnish the required information to the
IRS.
CUSTODIAN,
TRANSFER AGENT AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT
Mellon, located at 135 Santilli Highway, Everett, Massachusetts
02149, serves as the Custodian of the Funds assets
pursuant to a custody agreement. Under the custody agreement,
the Custodian holds the Funds assets in compliance with
the 1940 Act. For its services, the Custodian will receive a
monthly fee paid by the Fund based upon, among other things, the
average value of the total assets of the Fund, plus certain
charges for securities transactions and out-of-pocket expenses.
American Stock Transfer, located at 59 Maiden Lane, New York,
New York 10038, serves as the Funds dividend disbursing
agent, as agent under the Funds Plan and as transfer agent
and registrar for the common shares of the Fund.
PLAN OF
DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the shares, being offered hereby in one or more of
the following ways from time to time:
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to underwriters or dealers for resale to the public or to
institutional investors;
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directly to institutional investors;
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directly to a limited number of purchasers or to a single
purchaser;
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through agents to the public or to institutional investors; or
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through a combination of any of these methods of sale.
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54
The prospectus supplement with respect to each series of
securities will state the terms of the offering of the
securities, including:
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the offering terms, including the name or names of any
underwriters, dealers or agents;
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the purchase price of the securities and the net proceeds to be
received by us from the sale;
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any underwriting discounts or agency fees and other items
constituting underwriters or agents compensation;
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any initial public offering price;
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any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to
dealers; and
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any securities exchange on which the securities may be listed.
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If we use underwriters or dealers in the sale, the securities
will be acquired by the underwriters or dealers for their own
account and may be resold from time to time in one or more
transactions, including;
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negotiated transactions;
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at a fixed public offering price or prices, which may be changed;
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at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
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at prices related to prevailing market prices; or
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at negotiated prices.
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Any initial public offering price and any discounts or
concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may be
changed from time to time.
If underwriters are used in the sale of any securities, the
securities may be either offered to the public through
underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters, or
directly by underwriters. Generally, the underwriters
obligations to purchase the securities will be subject to
certain conditions precedent. The underwriters will be obligated
to purchase all of the securities if they purchase any of the
securities.
If indicated in an applicable prospectus supplement, we may sell
the securities through agents from time to time. The applicable
prospectus supplement will name any agent involved in the offer
or sale of the securities and any commissions we pay to them.
Generally, any agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for
the period of its appointment. We may authorize underwriters,
dealers or agents to solicit offers by certain purchasers to
purchase the securities from us at the public offering price set
forth in the applicable prospectus supplement pursuant to
delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on
a specified date in the future. The delayed delivery contracts
will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the
applicable prospectus supplement, and the applicable prospectus
supplement will set forth any commissions we pay for
solicitation of these delayed delivery contracts.
Offered securities may also be offered and sold, if so indicated
in the applicable prospectus supplement, in connection with a
remarketing upon their purchase, in accordance with a redemption
or repayment pursuant to their terms, or otherwise, by one or
more remarketing firms, acting as principals for their own
accounts or as agents for us. Any remarketing firm will be
identified and the terms of its agreements, if any, with us and
its compensation will be described in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Agents, underwriters and other third parties described above may
be entitled to indemnification by us against certain civil
liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with
respect to payments which the agents or underwriters may be
required to make in respect thereof. Agents, underwriters and
such other third parties may be customers of, engage in
transactions with, or perform services for us in the ordinary
course of business.
Each series of securities will be a new issue of securities and
will have no established trading market other than our common
shares and Preferred Shares, which are listed on the NYSE. Any
common shares sold will be listed on NYSE, upon official notice
of issuance. The securities, other than the common shares, may
or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. Any
underwriters to whom securities are sold by us for public
offering and sale may make a market in the securities, but such
underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue
any market making at any time without notice.
55
LEGAL
MATTERS
Certain legal matters will be passed on by Skadden, Arps, Slate,
Meagher & Flom LLP, counsel to the Fund in connection
with the offering of the Funds shares.
INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP serves as the independent registered
public accounting firm of the Fund and audits the financial
statements of the Fund. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is located at
300 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10017.
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
The Fund is subject to the informational requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the 1940 Act,
and in accordance therewith files reports and other information
with the SEC. Reports, proxy statements and other information
filed by the Fund with the SEC pursuant to the informational
requirements of such Acts can be inspected and copied at the
public reference facilities maintained by the SEC,
100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. The
SEC maintains a web site at
http://www.sec.gov
containing reports, proxy and information statements and other
information regarding registrants, including the Fund, that file
electronically with the SEC.
The common shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol
GGN. The Preferred Shares are listed on the NYSE
under the symbol GGN PrA. Reports, proxy statements
and other information concerning the Fund and filed with the SEC
by the Fund will be available for inspection at the NYSE,
11 Wall Street, New York, New York, 10005.
This prospectus constitutes part of a Registration Statement
filed by the Fund with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933
and the 1940 Act. This prospectus omits certain of the
information contained in the Registration Statement, and
reference is hereby made to the Registration Statement and
related exhibits for further information with respect to the
Fund and the common shares offered hereby. Any statements
contained herein concerning the provisions of any document are
not necessarily complete, and, in each instance, reference is
made to the copy of such document filed as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement or otherwise filed with the SEC. Each
such statement is qualified in its entirety by such reference.
The complete Registration Statement may be obtained from the SEC
upon payment of the fee prescribed by its rules and regulations
or free of charge through the SECs web site
(http://www.sec.gov).
PRIVACY
PRINCIPLES OF THE FUND
The Fund is committed to maintaining the privacy of its
shareholders and to safeguarding their non-public personal
information. The following information is provided to help you
understand what personal information the Fund collects, how the
Fund protects that information and why, in certain cases, the
Fund may share information with select other parties.
Generally, the Fund does not receive any non-public personal
information relating to its shareholders, although certain
non-public personal information of its shareholders may become
available to the Fund. The Fund does not disclose any non-public
personal information about its shareholders or former
shareholders to anyone, except as permitted by law or as is
necessary in order to service shareholder accounts (for example,
to a transfer agent or third party administrator).
The Fund restricts access to non-public personal information
about its shareholders to employees of the Fund, the Investment
Adviser, and its affiliates with a legitimate business need for
the information. The Fund maintains physical, electronic and
procedural safeguards designed to protect the non-public
personal information of its shareholders.
56
TABLE OF
CONTENTS OF STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
An SAI dated as of April 3, 2009, has been filed with the
SEC and is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. An SAI
may be obtained without charge by writing to the Fund at its
address at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422
or by calling the Fund toll-free at (800) GABELLI
(422-3554).
The Table of Contents of the SAI is as follows:
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Page
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3
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3
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14
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16
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24
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25
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26
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26
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33
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A-1
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No person has been authorized to give any information or to make
any representations in connection with this offering other than
those contained in this Prospectus in connection with the offer
contained herein, and, if given or made, such other information
or representations must not be relied upon as having been
authorized by the Fund, the Investment Adviser or the
underwriters. Neither the delivery of this Prospectus nor any
sale made hereunder will, under any circumstances, create any
implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the
Fund since the date hereof or that the information contained
herein is correct as of any time subsequent to its date. This
Prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a
solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the
securities to which it relates. This Prospectus does not
constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to
buy such securities in any circumstance in which such an offer
or solicitation is unlawful.
57
$350,000,000
Common Shares of Beneficial
Interest
Preferred Shares of Beneficial
Interest
PROSPECTUS
April 3, 2009
The
information in this Prospectus is not complete and may be
changed. The Fund may not sell these securities until the
registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission is effective. This Prospectus is not an offer to sell
these securities and is not soliciting offers to buy these
securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus dated April , 2009)
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Shares
The Gabelli Global Gold,
Natural Resources & Income Trust
Common
Shares of Beneficial Interest
We are offering for
sale shares
of our common shares. Our common shares are traded on the NYSE
Amex (the NYSE) under the symbol GGN.
Our 6.625% Series A cumulative Preferred Shares are listed on
the NYSE under the symbol GGN PrA. The last reported
sale price for our common shares
on ,
was $ per share. The net asset
value of the Funds common shares at the close of business
on April , 2009 was
$
per share.
You should review the information set forth under Risk
Factors and Special Considerations on
page of the accompanying Prospectus before
investing in our common shares.
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Per Share
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Total (1)
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Public offering price
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$
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$
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Underwriting discounts and commissions
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$
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$
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Proceeds, before expenses, to us
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$
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$
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(1) |
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The aggregate expenses of the offering are estimated to be
$ , which represents approximately
$ per share. |
[The underwriters may also purchase up to an
additional common shares from us at
the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and
commissions, to cover over-allotments, if any, within
30 days after the date of this Prospectus Supplement. If
the over-allotment option is exercised in full, the total
proceeds, before expenses, to the Fund would be
$ and the total underwriting
discounts and commissions would be
$ . The common shares will be ready
for delivery on or
about , .]
You should read this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying
Prospectus before deciding whether to invest in our common
shares and retain it for future reference. The Prospectus
Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus contain important
information about us. Material that has been incorporated by
reference and other information about us can be obtained from us
by calling 1-800-GABELLI
(422-3554)
or from the Securities and Exchange Commissions
(SEC) website
(http://www.sec.gov).
Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved
or disapproved these securities or determined if this Prospectus
Supplement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the
contrary is a criminal offense.
,
S-1
You should rely only on the information contained or
incorporated by reference in this Prospectus Supplement and the
accompanying Prospectus. We have not authorized any other person
to provide you with different information. If anyone provides
you with different or inconsistent information, you should not
rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities
in any jurisdiction in which the offer or sale is not
permitted.
In this Prospectus Supplement and in the accompanying
Prospectus, unless otherwise indicated, Fund,
us, our and we refer to The
Gabelli Global Gold, Natural Resources & Income Trust.
This Prospectus Supplement also includes trademarks owned by
other persons.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Prospectus
Supplement
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S-3
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S-4
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S-4
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S-5
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S-5
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Prospectus
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1
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12
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13
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14
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16
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16
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24
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35
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38
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38
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39
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40
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49
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50
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50
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51
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52
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54
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54
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55
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56
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56
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56
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57
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S-2
TABLE OF
FEES AND EXPENSES
The following tables are intended to assist you in understanding
the various costs and expenses directly or indirectly associated
with investing in our common shares as a percentage of net
assets attributable to common shares. Amounts are for the
current fiscal year after giving effect to anticipated net
proceeds of the offering, assuming that we incur the estimated
offering expenses, including preferred share offering expenses.
Shareholder
Transaction Expenses
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Sales Load (as a percentage of offering price)
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%
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Offering Expenses Borne by the Fund (as a percentage of offering
price)
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[ ]
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%
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Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees
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None
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(1)
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Percentage of Net Assets
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Attributable to Common Shares
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Annual Expenses
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Management Fees
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% (2)
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Interest on Borrowed Funds
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None
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Other Expenses
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% (2)
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Total Annual Expenses
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% (2)
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(1) |
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You will be charged a $1.00 service charge and pay brokerage
charges if you direct the plan agent to sell your common shares
held in a dividend reinvestment account. |
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(2) |
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The Investment Advisers fee is 1.00% annually of the
Funds average weekly net assets, with no deduction for the
liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred shares.
Consequently, in as much as the Fund has preferred shares
outstanding, the investment management fees and other expenses
as a percentage of net assets attributable to common shares are
higher than if the Fund did not utilize a leveraged capital
structure. Other Expenses are based on estimated
amounts for the current year assuming completion of the proposed
issuances. |
Example
The following example illustrates the expenses you would pay on
a $1,000 investment in common shares, assuming a 5% annual
portfolio total return.*
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1 Year
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3 Years
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5 Years
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10 Years
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Total Expenses Incurred
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* |
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The example should not be considered a representation of
future expenses. The example assumes that the amounts set
forth in the Annual Expenses table are accurate and that all
distributions are reinvested at net asset value. Actual expenses
may be greater or less than those assumed. Moreover, the
Funds actual rate of return may be greater or less than
the hypothetical 5% return shown in the example. |
S-3
USE OF
PROCEEDS
We estimate the total net proceeds of the offering to be
$ based on the public offering
price of $ per share and after
deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated
offering expenses payable by us.
The Investment Adviser expects that it will initially invest the
proceeds of the offering in high-quality short-term debt
securities and instruments. The Investment Adviser anticipates
that the investment of the proceeds will be made in accordance
with the Funds investment objectives and policies as
appropriate investment opportunities are identified.
PRICE
RANGE OF COMMON SHARES
The following table sets forth for the quarters indicated, the
high and low sale prices on the NYSE per share of our common
shares and the net asset value and the premium or discount from
net asset value per share at which the common shares were
trading, expressed as a percentage of net asset value, at each
of the high and low sale prices provided.
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Corresponding
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Corresponding
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Net Asset Value
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Premium or Discount
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Market Price
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(NAV) Per Share
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as a% of NAV
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Quarter Ended
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High
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Low
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High
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Low
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High
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Low
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March 31, 2005
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$
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20.01
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$
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20.00
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$
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19.06
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$
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19.06
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4.98
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4.93
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June 30, 2005
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20.05
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18.03
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19.06
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18.68
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5.19
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−3.48
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September 30, 2005
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21.93
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19.80
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21.60
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19.78
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1.53
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0.10
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December 31, 2005
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21.81
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20.22
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21.03
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20.11
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3.71
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0.55
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March 31, 2006
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23.90
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21.45
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22.99
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21.75
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3.96
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−1.38
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June 30, 2006
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23.93
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19.98
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24.56
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20.62
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−2.57
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−3.10
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September 30, 2006
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22.89
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21.15
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23.90
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21.40
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−4.23
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−1.17
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December 31, 2006
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24.77
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21.00
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24.14
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21.11
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2.61
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−0.52
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March 31, 2007
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26.74
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22.92
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25.10
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22.81
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6.53
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0.48
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June 30, 2007
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27.81
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25.20
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25.88
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26.61
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7.46
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−5.30
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September 30, 2007
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28.30
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21.71
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28.22
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22.91
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0.28
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−5.24
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December 31, 2007
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29.54
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25.82
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29.51
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28.08
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0.10
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−8.05
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March 31, 2008
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30.87
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25.90
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31.69
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27.76
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−2.59
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−6.70
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June 30, 2008
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30.61
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26.30
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33.50
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29.29
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−8.63
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−10.21
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|
September 30, 2008
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30.30
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19.62
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32.13
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19.65
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−5.70
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−0.14
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December 31, 2008
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19.99
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7.90
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18.53
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7.32
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7.88
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7.92
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March 31, 2009
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16.45
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12.21
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10.54
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9.69
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56.07
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26.01
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|
June 30, 2009 (April 1, 2009
through , ,
2009)
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The last reported price for our common shares
on ,
2009 was $ per share.
S-4
PLAN OF
DISTRIBUTION
[To be provided.]
LEGAL
MATTERS
Certain legal matters will be passed on by Skadden, Arps, Slate,
Meagher & Flom LLP, New York, New York, counsel to the
Fund in connection with the offering of the common shares.
S-5
Common
Shares of Beneficial Interest
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
,
2009
Dated
April 3, 2009
THE
GABELLI GLOBAL GOLD, NATURAL RESOURCES & INCOME
TRUST
STATEMENT
OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
THE INFORMATION IN THIS STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS
NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. THE FUND MAY NOT SELL
THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS STATEMENT
OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE
SECURITIES AND IT IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE
SECURITIES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.
This Statement of Additional Information (the SAI)
does not constitute a prospectus, but should be read in
conjunction with the Funds prospectus relating thereto
dated March 12, 2009, and as it may be supplemented. This
SAI does not include all information that a prospective investor
should consider before investing in the Funds common
shares, and investors should obtain and read the Funds
prospectus prior to purchasing such shares. A copy of the
Funds Registration Statement, including the prospectus and
any supplement, may be obtained from the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the SEC) upon payment of the fee
prescribed, or inspected at the SECs office or via its
website (www.sec.gov) at no charge.
The Gabelli Global Gold, Natural Resources & Income
Trust, or the Fund, is a non-diversified, closed-end
management investment company registered under the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). The
Funds primary investment objective is to provide a high
level of current income. The Funds secondary investment
objective is to seek capital appreciation consistent with the
Funds strategy and its primary objective. An investment in
the Fund is not appropriate for all investors. We cannot assure
you that the Funds objectives will be achieved. Gabelli
Funds, LLC serves as Investment Adviser to the Fund. See
Management of the Fund.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will attempt to achieve
its objectives by investing at least 80% of its assets in equity
securities of companies principally engaged in the gold industry
and the natural resources industries. The Fund will invest at
least 25% of its assets in the equity securities of companies
principally engaged in the exploration, mining, fabrication,
processing, distribution or trading of gold or the financing,
managing, controlling or operating of companies engaged in
gold-related activities. In addition, the Fund will
invest at least 25% of its assets in the equity securities of
companies principally engaged in the exploration, production or
distribution of natural resources, such as gas, oil, paper, food
and agriculture, forestry products, metals and minerals as well
as related transportation companies and equipment manufacturers.
The Fund may invest in the securities of companies located
anywhere in the world. Under normal market conditions, the Fund
will invest at least 40% of its assets in the securities of
issuers located in at least three countries other than the
U.S. As part of its investment strategy, the Fund intends
to generate gains through an option strategy of writing
(selling) covered call options on equity securities in its
portfolio. When the Fund sells a covered call option, it
generates gains in the form of the premium paid by the buyer of
the call, but the Fund forgoes the opportunity to participate in
any increase in the value of the underlying equity security
above the exercise price of the option. See Investment
Objectives and Policies.
1
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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Page
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3
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3
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14
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16
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24
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25
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26
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26
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33
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A-1
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2
THE
FUND
The Gabelli Global Gold, Natural Resources & Income
Trust is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment
company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. The
Funds common shares of beneficial interest, par value
$0.001 per share, are listed on the NYSE Amex (the
NYSE) under the symbol GGN. Our 6.625%
Series A Cumulative Preferred Shares are listed on the NYSE
under the symbol GGN PrA.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
Investment
Objectives and Policies
The Funds primary investment objective is to provide a
high level of current income. The Funds secondary
investment objective is to seek capital appreciation consistent
with the Funds strategy and its primary objective.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will attempt to achieve
its objectives by investing at least 80% of its assets in equity
securities of companies principally engaged in the gold industry
and the natural resources industries. The Fund will invest at
least 25% of its assets in the equity securities of companies
principally engaged in the exploration, mining, fabrication,
processing, distribution or trading of gold or the financing,
managing, controlling or operating of companies engaged in
gold-related activities (Gold
Companies). In addition, the Fund will invest at least 25%
of its assets in the equity securities of companies principally
engaged in the exploration, production or distribution of
natural resources, such as gas, oil, paper, food and
agriculture, forestry products, metals and minerals as well as
related transportation companies and equipment manufacturers
(Natural Resources Companies). The Fund may invest
in the securities of companies located anywhere in the world.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least
40% of its assets in the securities of issuers located in at
least three countries other than the U.S.
Principally engaged, as used in this SAI, means a company that
derives at least 50% of its revenues or earnings or devotes at
least 50% of its assets to the indicated businesses. An issue
will be treated as being located outside the U.S. if it is
either organized or headquartered outside of the U.S. and
has a substantial portion of its operations or sales outside the
U.S. Equity securities may include common stocks, preferred
stocks, convertible securities, warrants, depository receipts
and equity interests in trusts and other entities. Other Fund
investments may include investment companies, including
exchange-traded funds, securities of issuers subject to
reorganization or other risk arbitrage investments, derivative
instruments, debt (including obligations of the
U.S. Government) and money market instruments. As part of
its investment strategy, the Fund intends to generate gains
through an option strategy of writing (selling) covered call
options on equity securities in its portfolio. When the Fund
sells a covered call option, it generates gains in the form of
the premium paid by the buyer of the call option, but the Fund
forgoes the opportunity to participate in any increase in the
value of the underlying equity security above the exercise price
of the option. See Investment Objectives and
Policies.
The Fund is not intended for those who wish to exploit
short-term swings in the stock market.
The Investment Advisers investment philosophy with respect
to selecting investments in the gold industry and the natural
resources industries is to emphasize quality and value, as
determined by such factors as asset quality, balance sheet
leverage, management ability, reserve life, cash flow and
commodity hedging exposure. In addition, in making stock
selections, the Investment Adviser looks for securities that it
believes may have a superior yield, as well as capital gains
potential and that allow the Fund to earn income from writing
covered calls on such stocks.
Additional
Investment Policies
Canadian Royalty Trusts. The Fund may invest
in equity interests in Canadian Royalty Trusts. A Canadian
Royalty Trust is a royalty trust whose securities are generally
listed on a Canadian securities exchange and which controls an
underlying company whose business is the acquisition,
exploitation, production and sale of oil and natural gas. These
trusts generally pay out to unitholders the majority of the
3
cash flow that they receive from the production and sale of
underlying oil and natural gas reserves. The amount of
distributions paid on a Canadian Royalty Trusts units will
vary from time to time based on production levels, commodity
prices, royalty rates and certain expenses, deductions and
costs, as well as on the distribution payout ratio policy
adopted. As a result of distributing the bulk of its cash flow
to unitholders, the ability of a Canadian Royalty Trust to
finance internal growth through exploration is limited.
Therefore, Canadian Royalty Trusts typically grow through
acquisition of additional oil and gas properties or producing
companies with proven reserves of oil and gas, funded through
the issuance of additional equity or, where the trust is able,
additional debt.
Canadian Royalty Trusts, like other types of Natural Resources
Companies, are exposed to pricing risk, supply and demand risk
and depletion and exploration risk with respect to their
underlying commodities, among other risks. An investment in
units of Canadian Royalty Trusts involves some risks which
differ from an investment in common stock of a corporation,
including increased liability for the obligations of the trust.
There are certain regulatory and tax risks associated with an
investment in Canadian Royalty Trusts resulting from reliance on
beneficial Canadian incentive programs and tax laws that may be
changed in the future. In addition, securities of certain
Canadian Royalty Trusts may not be qualifying assets for the
Funds asset diversification requirements.
Master Limited Partnerships
(MLPs). MLPs in which the Fund
intends to invest will be limited partnerships (or limited
liability companies taxable as partnerships), the units of which
will generally be listed and traded on a U.S. securities
exchange. MLPs normally derive income and gains from the
exploration, development, mining or production, processing,
refining, transportation (including pipeline transporting gas,
oil, or products thereof), or the marketing of mineral or
natural resources. MLPs generally have two classes of owners,
the general partner and limited partners. When investing in an
MLP, the Fund intends to purchase publicly traded common units
issued to limited partners of the MLP. The general partner
typically controls the operations and management of the MLP.
MLPs are typically structured such that common units and general
partner interests have first priority to receive quarterly cash
distributions up to an established minimum amount (minimum
quarterly distributions or MQD). Common and
general partner interests also accrue arrearages in
distributions to the extent the MQD is not paid. Once common and
general partner interests have been paid, subordinated units
receive distributions of up to the MQD; however, subordinated
units do not accrue arrearages. Distributable cash in excess of
the MQD paid to both common and subordinated units is
distributed to both common and subordinated units generally on a
pro rata basis. The general partner is also eligible to receive
incentive distributions if the general partner operates the
business in a manner that results in distributions paid per
common unit surpassing specified target levels.
MLPs, like other types of Natural Resources Companies, are
exposed to pricing risk, supply and demand risk and depletion
and exploration risk with respect to their underlying
commodities, among other risks. An investment in MLP units
involves some risks which differ from an investment in the
common stock of a corporation. Holders of MLP units have limited
control and voting rights on matters affecting the partnership.
In addition, there are certain tax risks associated with an
investment in MLP units and conflicts of interest may exist
between common unit holders and the general partner, including
those arising from incentive distribution payments.
Risk Arbitrage. The Fund may invest up to 10%
of its assets at the time of investment in securities pursuant
to risk arbitrage strategies or in other investment
funds managed pursuant to such strategies. Risk arbitrage
investments are made in securities of companies for which a
tender or exchange offer has been made or announced and in
securities of companies for which a merger, consolidation,
liquidation or reorganization proposal has been announced if, in
the judgment of the Investment Adviser, there is a reasonable
prospect of total return significantly greater than the
brokerage and other transaction expenses involved. Risk
arbitrage strategies attempt to exploit merger activity to
capture the spread between current market values of securities
and their values after successful completion of a merger,
restructuring or similar corporate transaction. Transactions
associated with risk arbitrage strategies typically involve the
purchases or sales of securities in connection with announced
corporate actions which may include, but are not limited to,
mergers, consolidations, acquisitions, transfers of assets,
tender offers, exchange offers, re-capitalizations,
liquidations,
4
divestitures, spin-offs and similar transactions. However, a
merger or other restructuring or tender or exchange offer
anticipated by the Fund and in which it holds an arbitrage
position may not be completed on the terms contemplated or
within the time frame anticipated, resulting in losses to the
Fund.
In general, securities which are the subject of such an offer or
proposal sell at a premium to their historic market price
immediately prior to the announcement of the offer but may trade
at a discount or premium to what the stated or appraised value
of the security would be if the contemplated transaction were
approved or consummated. Such investments may be advantageous
when the discount significantly overstates the risk of the
contingencies involved; significantly undervalues the
securities, assets or cash to be received by shareholders as a
result of the contemplated transaction; or fails adequately to
recognize the possibility that the offer or proposal may be
replaced or superseded by an offer or proposal of greater value.
The evaluation of such contingencies requires unusually broad
knowledge and experience on the part of the Investment Adviser
which must appraise not only the value of the issuer and its
component businesses as well as the assets or securities to be
received as a result of the contemplated transaction but also
the financial resources and business motivation behind the offer
and/or the
dynamics and business climate when the offer or proposal is in
process. Since such investments are ordinarily short-term in
nature, they will tend to increase the turnover ratio of the
Fund, thereby increasing its brokerage and other transaction
expenses. Risk arbitrage strategies may also involve short
selling, options hedging and other arbitrage techniques to
capture price differentials.
Derivative
Instruments
Options. The Fund may, from time to time,
subject to guidelines of the Board of Trustees and the
limitations set forth in the prospectus, purchase or sell (i.e.,
write) options on securities, securities indices and foreign
currencies which are listed on a national securities exchange or
in the over-the-counter (OTC) market, as a means of
achieving additional return or of hedging the value of the
Funds portfolio.
A call option is a contract that gives the holder of the option
the right to buy from the writer of the call option, in return
for a premium, the security or currency underlying the option at
a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the
option. The writer of the call option has the obligation, upon
exercise of the option, to deliver the underlying security or
currency upon payment of the exercise price during the option
period.
A put option is a contract that gives the holder of the option
the right, in return for a premium, to sell to the seller the
underlying security at a specified price. The seller of the put
option has the obligation to buy the underlying security upon
exercise at the exercise price.
A call option is covered if the Fund owns the
underlying instrument covered by the call or has an absolute and
immediate right to acquire that instrument without additional
cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration held in
a segregated account by its custodian) upon conversion or
exchange of other instruments held in its portfolio. A call
option is also covered if the Fund holds a call option on the
same instrument as the call option written where the exercise
price of the call option held is (i) equal to or less than
the exercise price of the call option written or
(ii) greater than the exercise price of the call option
written if the difference is maintained by the Fund in cash,
U.S. Government Securities or other high-grade short-term
obligations in a segregated account with its custodian. A put
option is covered if the Fund maintains cash or
other liquid securities with a value equal to the exercise price
in a segregated account with its custodian, or else holds a put
option on the same instrument as the put option written where
the exercise price of the put option held is equal to or greater
than the exercise price of the put option written.
If the Fund has written an option, it may terminate its
obligation by effecting a closing purchase transaction. This is
accomplished by purchasing an option of the same series as the
option previously written. However, once the Fund has been
assigned an exercise notice, the Fund will be unable to effect a
closing purchase transaction. Similarly, if the Fund is the
holder of an option it may liquidate its position by effecting a
closing sale transaction. This is accomplished by selling an
option of the same series as the option previously purchased.
There can be no assurance that either a closing purchase or sale
transaction can be effected when the Fund so desires.
5
The Fund will realize a profit from a closing transaction if the
price of the transaction is less than the premium received from
writing the option or is more than the premium paid to purchase
the option; the Fund will realize a loss from a closing
transaction if the price of the transaction is more than the
premium received from writing the option or is less than the
premium paid to purchase the option. Since call option prices
generally reflect increases in the price of the underlying
security, any loss resulting from the repurchase of a call
option may also be wholly or partially offset by unrealized
appreciation of the underlying security. Other principal factors
affecting the market value of a put or a call option include
supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price and
price volatility of the underlying security and the time
remaining until the expiration date. Gains and losses on
investments in options depend, in part, on the ability of the
Investment Adviser to predict correctly the effect of these
factors. The use of options cannot serve as a complete hedge
since the price movement of securities underlying the options
will not necessarily follow the price movements of the portfolio
securities subject to the hedge.
An option position may be closed out only on an exchange that
provides a secondary market for an option of the same series or
in a private transaction. Although the Fund will generally
purchase or write only those options for which there appears to
be an active secondary market, there is no assurance that a
liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for any
particular option. In such event it might not be possible to
effect closing transactions in particular options, so that the
Fund would have to exercise its options in order to realize any
profit and would incur brokerage commissions upon the exercise
of call options and upon the subsequent disposition of
underlying securities for the exercise of put options. If the
Fund, as a covered call option writer, is unable to effect a
closing purchase transaction in a secondary market, it will not
be able to sell the underlying security until the option expires
or it delivers the underlying security upon exercise or
otherwise covers the position.
To the extent that the Fund purchases options pursuant to a
hedging strategy, the Fund will be subject to the following
additional risks. If a put or call option purchased by the Fund
is not sold when it has remaining value, and if the market price
of the underlying security remains equal to or greater than the
exercise price (in the case of a put), or remains less than or
equal to the exercise price (in the case of a call), the Fund
will lose its entire investment in the option.
Where a put or call option on a particular security is purchased
to hedge against price movements in that or a related security,
the price of the put or call option may move more or less than
the price of the security. If restrictions on exercise are
imposed, the Fund may be unable to exercise an option it has
purchased. If the Fund is unable to close out an option that it
has purchased on a security, it will have to exercise the option
in order to realize any profit or the option may expire
worthless.
Options on Securities Indices. The Fund may
purchase and sell securities index options. One effect of such
transactions may be to hedge all or part of the Funds
securities holdings against a general decline in the securities
market or a segment of the securities market. Options on
securities indices are similar to options on stocks except that,
rather than the right to take or make delivery of stock at a
specified price, an option on a securities index gives the
holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an
amount of cash if the closing level of the securities index upon
which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call
option, or less than, in the case of a put option, the exercise
price of the option.
The Funds successful use of options on indices depends
upon its ability to predict the direction of the market and is
subject to various additional risks. The correlation between
movements in the index and the price of the securities being
hedged against is imperfect and the risk from imperfect
correlation increases as the composition of the Fund diverges
from the composition of the relevant index. Accordingly, a
decrease in the value of the securities being hedged against may
not be wholly offset by a gain on the exercise or sale of a
securities index put option held by the Fund.
Options on Foreign Currencies. Instead of
purchasing or selling currency futures (as described below), the
Fund may attempt to accomplish similar objectives by purchasing
put or call options on currencies or by writing put options or
call options on currencies either on exchanges or in OTC
markets. A put option gives the Fund the right to sell a
currency at the exercise price until the option expires. A call
option gives the Fund
6
the right to purchase a currency at the exercise price until the
option expires. Both types of options serve to insure against
adverse currency price movements in the underlying portfolio
assets designated in a given currency. The Funds use of
options on currencies will be subject to the same limitations as
its use of options on securities, described above and in the
prospectus. Currency options may be subject to position limits
that may limit the ability of the Fund to fully hedge its
positions by purchasing the options.
As in the case of interest rate futures contracts and options
thereon, described below, the Fund may hedge against the risk of
a decrease or increase in the U.S. dollar value of a
foreign currency denominated debt security that the Fund owns or
intends to acquire by purchasing or selling options contracts,
futures contracts or options thereon with respect to a foreign
currency other than the foreign currency in which such debt
security is denominated, where the values of such different
currencies (vis-a-vis the U.S. dollar) historically have a
high degree of positive correlation.
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures. The
Fund may purchase and sell financial futures contracts and
options thereon which are traded on a commodities exchange or
board of trade for certain hedging, yield enhancement and risk
management purposes. A financial futures contract is an
agreement to purchase or sell an agreed amount of securities or
currencies at a set price for delivery in the future. These
futures contracts and related options may be on debt securities,
financial indices, securities indices, U.S. government
securities and foreign currencies. The Investment Adviser has
claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term
commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange
Act and therefore is not subject to registration under the
Commodity Exchange Act. Accordingly, the Funds investments
in derivative instruments described in this prospectus and the
Statement of Additional Information (the SAI) are
not limited by or subject to regulation under the Commodity
Exchange Act or otherwise regulated by the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission.
The Fund will not enter into futures contracts or options on
futures contracts unless (i) the aggregate initial margins
and premiums do not exceed 5% of the fair market value of its
assets and (ii) the aggregate market value of its
outstanding futures contracts and the market value of the
currencies and futures contracts subject to outstanding options
written by the Fund, as the case may be, do not exceed 50% of
its total assets. It is anticipated that these investments, if
any, will be made by the Fund solely for the purpose of hedging
against changes in the value of its portfolio securities and in
the value of securities it intends to purchase. Such investments
will only be made if they are economically appropriate to the
reduction of risks involved in the management of the Fund. In
this regard, the Fund may enter into futures contracts or
options on futures for the purchase or sale of securities
indices or other financial instruments including but not limited
to U.S. Government Securities.
A sale of a futures contract (or a short
futures position) means the assumption of a contractual
obligation to deliver the securities underlying the contract at
a specified price at a specified future time. A
purchase of a futures contract (or a
long futures position) means the assumption of a
contractual obligation to acquire the securities underlying the
contract at a specified price at a specified future time.
Certain futures contracts, including stock and bond index
futures, are settled on a net cash payment basis rather than by
the sale and delivery of the securities underlying the futures
contracts.
No consideration will be paid or received by the Fund upon the
purchase or sale of a futures contract. Initially, the Fund will
be required to deposit with the broker an amount of cash or cash
equivalents equal to approximately 1% to 10% of the contract
amount (this amount is subject to change by the exchange or
board of trade on which the contract is traded and brokers or
members of such board of trade may charge a higher amount). This
amount is known as the initial margin and is in the
nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the
contract. Subsequent payments, known as variation
margin, to and from the broker will be made daily as the
price of the index or security underlying the futures contract
fluctuates. At any time prior to the expiration of the futures
contract, the Fund may elect to close the position by taking an
opposite position, which will operate to terminate its existing
position in the contract.
An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right,
in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a
futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior
to the expiration of the option.
7
Upon exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position
by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be
accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the
writers futures margin account attributable to that
contract, which represents the amount by which the market price
of the futures contract exceeds, in the case of a call option,
or is less than, in the case of a put option, the exercise price
of the option on the futures contract. The potential loss
related to the purchase of an option on a futures contract is
limited to the premium paid for the option (plus transaction
costs). Because the value of the option purchased is fixed at
the point of sale, there are no daily cash payments by the
purchaser to reflect changes in the value of the underlying
contract; however, the value of the option does change daily and
that change would be reflected in the net assets of the Fund.
Futures and options on futures entail certain risks, including
but not limited to the following: no assurance that futures
contracts or options on futures can be offset at favorable
prices, possible reduction of the yield of the Fund due to the
use of hedging, possible reduction in value of both the
securities hedged and the hedging instrument, possible lack of
liquidity due to daily limits on price fluctuations, imperfect
correlation between the contracts and the securities being
hedged, losses from investing in futures transactions that are
potentially unlimited and the segregation requirements described
below.
In the event the Fund sells a put option or enters into long
futures contracts, under current interpretations of the 1940
Act, an amount of cash, U.S. Government Securities or other
liquid securities equal to the market value of the contract must
be deposited and maintained in a segregated account with the
Funds custodian (the Custodian) to
collateralize the positions, in order for the Fund to avoid
being treated as having issued a senior security in the amount
of its obligations. For short positions in futures contracts and
sales of call options, the Fund may establish a segregated
account (not with a futures commission merchant or broker) with
cash, U.S. Government Securities or other high grade debt
securities that, when added to amounts deposited with a futures
commission merchant or a broker as margin, equal the market
value of the instruments or currency underlying the futures
contracts or call options, respectively (but are no less than
the stock price of the call option or the market price at which
the short positions were established).
Interest Rate Futures Contracts and Options
Thereon. The Fund may purchase or sell interest
rate futures contracts to take advantage of or to protect the
Fund against fluctuations in interest rates affecting the value
of debt securities which the Fund holds or intends to acquire.
For example, if interest rates are expected to increase, the
Fund might sell futures contracts on debt securities, the values
of which historically have a high degree of positive correlation
to the values of the Funds portfolio securities. Such a
sale would have an effect similar to selling an equivalent value
of the Funds portfolio securities. If interest rates
increase, the value of the Funds portfolio securities will
decline, but the value of the futures contracts to the Fund will
increase at approximately an equivalent rate thereby keeping the
net asset value of the Fund from declining as much as it
otherwise would have. The Fund could accomplish similar results
by selling debt securities with longer maturities and investing
in debt securities with shorter maturities when interest rates
are expected to increase. However, since the futures market may
be more liquid than the cash market, the use of futures
contracts as a risk management technique allows the Fund to
maintain a defensive position without having to sell its
portfolio securities.
Similarly, the Fund may purchase interest rate futures contracts
when it is expected that interest rates may decline. The
purchase of futures contracts for this purpose constitutes a
hedge against increases in the price of debt securities (caused
by declining interest rates), which the Fund intends to acquire.
Since fluctuations in the value of appropriately selected
futures contracts should approximate that of the debt securities
that will be purchased, the Fund can take advantage of the
anticipated rise in the cost of the debt securities without
actually buying them. Subsequently, the Fund can make its
intended purchase of the debt securities in the cash market and
currently liquidate its futures position. To the extent the Fund
enters into futures contracts for this purpose, it will maintain
in a segregated asset account with the Funds Custodian,
assets sufficient to cover the Funds obligations with
respect to such futures contracts, which will consist of cash or
other liquid securities from its portfolio in an amount equal to
the difference between the fluctuating market value of such
futures contracts and the aggregate value of the initial margin
deposited by the Fund with its Custodian with respect to such
futures contracts.
8
The purchase of a call option on a futures contract is similar
in some respects to the purchase of a call option on an
individual security. Depending on the pricing of the option
compared to either the price of the futures contract upon which
it is based or the price of the underlying debt securities, it
may or may not be less risky than ownership of the futures
contract or underlying debt securities. As with the purchase of
futures contracts, when the Fund is not fully invested it may
purchase a call option on a futures contract to hedge against a
market advance due to declining interest rates.
The purchase of a put option on a futures contract is similar to
the purchase of protective put options on portfolio securities.
The Fund will purchase a put option on a futures contract to
hedge the Funds portfolio against the risk of rising
interest rates and a consequent reduction in the value of
portfolio securities.
The writing of a call option on a futures contract constitutes a
partial hedge against declining prices of the securities that
are deliverable upon exercise of the futures contract. If the
futures price at expiration of the option is below the exercise
price, the Fund will retain the full amount of the option
premium, which provides a partial hedge against any decline that
may have occurred in the Funds portfolio holdings. The
writing of a put option on a futures contract constitutes a
partial hedge against increasing prices of the securities that
are deliverable upon exercise of the futures contract. If the
futures price at expiration of the option is higher than the
exercise price, the Fund will retain the full amount of the
option premium, which provides a partial hedge against any
increase in the price of debt securities that the Fund intends
to purchase. If a put or call option the Fund has written is
exercised, the Fund will incur a loss which will be reduced by
the amount of the premium it received. Depending on the degree
of correlation between changes in the value of its portfolio
securities and changes in the value of its futures positions,
the Funds losses from options on futures it has written
may to some extent be reduced or increased by changes in the
value of its portfolio securities.
Currency Futures and Options
Thereon. Generally, foreign currency futures
contracts and options thereon are similar to the interest rate
futures contracts and options thereon discussed previously. By
entering into currency futures and options thereon, the Fund
will seek to establish the rate at which it will be entitled to
exchange U.S. dollars for another currency at a future
time. By selling currency futures, the Fund will seek to
establish the number of dollars it will receive at delivery for
a certain amount of a foreign currency. In this way, whenever
the Fund anticipates a decline in the value of a foreign
currency against the U.S. dollar, the Fund can attempt to
lock in the U.S. dollar value of some or all of
the securities held in its portfolio that are denominated in
that currency. By purchasing currency futures, the Fund can
establish the number of dollars it will be required to pay for a
specified amount of a foreign currency in a future month. Thus,
if the Fund intends to buy securities in the future and expects
the U.S. dollar to decline against the relevant foreign
currency during the period before the purchase is effected, the
Fund can attempt to lock in the price in
U.S. dollars of the securities it intends to acquire.
The purchase of options on currency futures will allow the Fund,
for the price of the premium and related transaction costs it
must pay for the option, to decide whether or not to buy (in the
case of a call option) or to sell (in the case of a put option)
a futures contract at a specified price at any time during the
period before the option expires. If the Investment Adviser, in
purchasing an option, has been correct in its judgment
concerning the direction in which the price of a foreign
currency would move against the U.S. dollar, the Fund may
exercise the option and thereby take a futures position to hedge
against the risk it had correctly anticipated or close out the
option position at a gain that will offset, to some extent,
currency exchange losses otherwise suffered by the Fund. If
exchange rates move in a way the Fund did not anticipate,
however, the Fund will have incurred the expense of the option
without obtaining the expected benefit; any such movement in
exchange rates may also thereby reduce rather than enhance the
Funds profits on its underlying securities transactions.
Securities Index Futures Contracts and Options
Thereon. Purchases or sales of securities index
futures contracts are used for hedging purposes to attempt to
protect the Funds current or intended investments from
broad fluctuations in stock or bond prices. For example, the
Fund may sell securities index futures contracts in anticipation
of or during a market decline to attempt to offset the decrease
in market value of the Funds securities portfolio that
might otherwise result. If such decline occurs, the loss in
value of portfolio securities
9
may be offset, in whole or part, by gains on the futures
position. When the Fund is not fully invested in the securities
market and anticipates a significant market advance, it may
purchase securities index futures contracts in order to gain
rapid market exposure that may, in part or entirely, offset
increases in the cost of securities that the Fund intends to
purchase. As such purchases are made, the corresponding
positions in securities index futures contracts will be closed
out. The Fund may write put and call options on securities index
futures contracts for hedging purposes.
Forward Currency Exchange Contracts. Subject
to guidelines of the Board of Trustees, the Fund may enter into
forward foreign currency exchange contracts to protect the value
of its portfolio against uncertainty in the level of future
currency exchange rates between a particular foreign currency
and the U.S. dollar or between foreign currencies in which
its securities are or may be denominated. The Fund may enter
into such contracts on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the rate
then prevailing in the currency exchange market or on a forward
basis by entering into a forward contract to purchase or sell
currency. A forward contract on foreign currency is an
obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future
date, which may be any fixed number of days agreed upon by the
parties from the date of the contract at a price set on the date
of the contract. Forward currency contracts (i) are traded
in a market conducted directly between currency traders
(typically, commercial banks or other financial institutions)
and their customers, (ii) generally have no deposit
requirements and (iii) are typically consummated without
payment of any commissions. The Fund, however, may enter into
forward currency contracts requiring deposits or involving the
payment of commissions. To assure that its forward currency
contracts are not used to achieve investment leverage, the Fund
will segregate liquid assets consisting of cash,
U.S. Government Securities or other liquid securities with
its Custodian, or a designated sub-custodian, in an amount at
all times equal to or exceeding its commitment with respect to
the contracts.
The dealings of the Fund in forward foreign currency exchange
are limited to hedging involving either specific transactions or
portfolio positions. Transaction hedging is the purchase or sale
of one forward foreign currency for another currency with
respect to specific receivables or payables of the Fund accruing
in connection with the purchase and sale of its portfolio
securities or its payment of dividends and distributions.
Position hedging is the purchase or sale of one forward foreign
currency for another currency with respect to portfolio security
positions denominated or quoted in the foreign currency to
offset the effect of an anticipated substantial appreciation or
depreciation, respectively, in the value of the currency
relative to the U.S. dollar. In this situation, the Fund
also may, for example, enter into a forward contract to sell or
purchase a different foreign currency for a fixed
U.S. dollar amount when it is believed that the
U.S. dollar value of the currency to be sold or bought
pursuant to the forward contract will fall or rise, as the case
may be, whenever there is a decline or increase, respectively,
in the U.S. dollar value of the currency in which its
portfolio securities are denominated (this practice being
referred to as a cross-hedge).
In hedging a specific transaction, the Fund may enter into a
forward contract with respect to either the currency in which
the transaction is denominated or another currency deemed
appropriate by the Investment Adviser. The amount the Fund may
invest in forward currency contracts is limited to the amount of
its aggregate investments in foreign currencies.
The use of forward currency contracts may involve certain risks,
including the failure of the counterparty to perform its
obligations under the contract, and such use may not serve as a
complete hedge because of an imperfect correlation between
movements in the prices of the contracts and the prices of the
currencies hedged or used for cover. The Fund will only enter
into forward currency contracts with parties that the Investment
Adviser believes to be creditworthy institutions.
Special Risk Considerations Relating to Futures and Options
Thereon. The Funds ability to establish and
close out positions in futures contracts and options thereon
will be subject to the development and maintenance of liquid
markets. Although the Fund generally will purchase or sell only
those futures contracts and options thereon for which there
appears to be a liquid market, there is no assurance that a
liquid market on an exchange will exist for any particular
futures contract or option thereon at any particular time. In
the event no liquid market exists for a particular futures
contract or option thereon in which the Fund maintains a
10
position, it will not be possible to effect a closing
transaction in that contract or to do so at a satisfactory price
and the Fund would have to either make or take delivery under
the futures contract or, in the case of a written option, wait
to sell the underlying securities until the option expires or is
exercised or, in the case of a purchased option, exercise the
option. In the case of a futures contract or an option thereon
which the Fund has written and which the Fund is unable to
close, the Fund would be required to maintain margin deposits on
the futures contract or option thereon and to make variation
margin payments until the contract is closed.
Successful use of futures contracts and options thereon and
forward contracts by the Fund is subject to the ability of the
Investment Adviser to predict correctly movements in the
direction of interest and foreign currency rates. If the
Investment Advisers expectations are not met, the Fund
will be in a worse position than if a hedging strategy had not
been pursued. For example, if the Fund has hedged against the
possibility of an increase in interest rates that would
adversely affect the price of securities in its portfolio and
the price of such securities increases instead, the Fund will
lose part or all of the benefit of the increased value of its
securities because it will have offsetting losses in its futures
positions. In addition, in such situations, if the Fund has
insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin requirements,
it may have to sell securities to meet the requirements. These
sales may be, but will not necessarily be, at increased prices
that reflect the rising market. The Fund may have to sell
securities at a time when it is disadvantageous to do so.
Additional Risks of Foreign Options, Futures Contracts,
Options on Futures Contracts and Forward
Contracts. Options, futures contracts and options
thereon and forward contracts on securities and currencies may
be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not be
regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the U.S.,
may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and
are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting
trading in, or the prices of, securities of foreign issuers
(Foreign Securities). The value of such positions
also could be adversely affected by (i) other complex
foreign political, legal and economic factors, (ii) lesser
availability than in the U.S. of data on which to make
trading decisions, (iii) delays in the Funds ability
to act upon economic events occurring in the foreign markets
during non-business hours in the U.S., (iv) the imposition
of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and
margin requirements than in the U.S. and (v) less
trading volume.
Exchanges on which options, futures and options on futures are
traded may impose limits on the positions that the Fund may take
in certain circumstances.
Swaps. The Fund may enter into total rate of
return, credit default or other types of swaps and related
derivatives for the purpose of hedging and risk management.
These transactions generally provide for the transfer from one
counterparty to another of certain risks inherent in the
ownership of a financial asset such as a common stock or debt
instrument. Such risks include, among other things, the risk of
default and insolvency of the obligor of such asset, the risk
that the credit of the obligor or the underlying collateral will
decline or the risk that the common stock of the underlying
issuer will decline in value. The transfer of risk pursuant to a
derivative of this type may be complete or partial, and may be
for the life of the related asset or for a shorter period. These
derivatives may be used as a risk management tool for a pool of
financial assets, providing the Fund with the opportunity to
gain or reduce exposure to one or more reference securities or
other financial assets (each, a Reference Asset)
without actually owning or selling such assets in order, for
example, to increase or reduce a concentration risk or to
diversify a portfolio. Conversely, these derivatives may be used
by the Fund to reduce exposure to an owned asset without
selling it.
Because the Fund would not own the Reference Assets, the Fund
may not have any voting rights with respect to the Reference
Assets, and in such cases all decisions related to the obligors
or issuers of the Reference Assets, including whether to
exercise certain remedies, will be controlled by the swap
counterparties.
Total rate of return swaps and similar derivatives are subject
to many risks, including the possibility that the market will
move in a manner or direction that would have resulted in gain
for the Fund had the swap or other derivative not been utilized
(in which case it would have been better had the Fund not
engaged in the interest rate hedging transactions), the risk of
imperfect correlation between the risk sought to be hedged and
the derivative transactions utilized, the possible inability of
the counterparty to fulfill its obligations under the
11
swap and potential illiquidity of the hedging instrument
utilized, which may make it difficult for the Fund to close out
or unwind one or more hedging transactions.
Total rate of return swaps and related derivatives are a
relatively recent development in the financial markets.
Consequently, there are certain legal, tax and market
uncertainties that present risks in entering into such
arrangements. There is currently little or no case law or
litigation characterizing total rate of return swaps or related
derivatives, interpreting their provisions, or characterizing
their tax treatment. In addition, additional regulations and
laws may apply to these types of derivatives that have not
previously been applied. There can be no assurance that future
decisions construing similar provisions to those in any swap
agreement or other related documents or additional regulations
and laws will not have an adverse effect on the Fund that
utilizes these instruments.
Commodities-Linked Equity Derivative Instrument
Risk. The Fund may invest in structured notes
that are linked to one or more underlying commodities. Such
structured notes provide exposure to the investment returns of
physical commodities without actually investing directly in
physical commodities. Such structured notes in which the Fund
expects to invest are hybrid instruments that have substantial
risks, including risk of loss of all or a significant portion of
their principal value. Because the payouts on these notes are
linked to the price change of the underlying commodities, these
investments are subject to market risks that relate to the
movement of prices in the commodities markets. They may also be
subject to additional special risks that do not affect
traditional equity and debt securities that may be greater than
or in addition to the risks of derivatives in general, including
risk of loss of interest, risk of loss of principal, lack of
liquidity and risk of greater volatility.
Risk of Loss of Interest. If payment of
interest on a structured note or other hybrid instrument is
linked to the value of a particular commodity, futures contract,
index or other economic variable, the Fund might not receive all
(or a portion) of the interest due on its investment if there is
a loss in value of the underlying instrument.
Risk of Loss of Principal. To the extent that
the amount of the principal to be repaid upon maturity is linked
to the value of a particular commodity, futures contract, index
or other economic variable, the Fund might not receive all or a
portion of the principal at maturity of the investment. At any
time, the risk of loss associated with a particular instrument
in the Funds portfolio may be significantly higher than
50% of the value of the investment.
Lack of Secondary Market. A liquid secondary
market may not exist for the specially created hybrid
instruments the Fund buys, which may make it difficult for the
Fund to sell them at an acceptable price or accurately value
them.
Risk of Greater Volatility. The value of the
commodities-linked equity derivative investments the Fund buys
may fluctuate significantly because the values of the underlying
investments to which they are linked are themselves extremely
volatile. Additionally, economic leverage will increase the
volatility of these hybrid instruments, as they may increase or
decrease in value more quickly than the underlying commodity
index, futures contract or other economic variable.
The Investment Adviser is Not Registered as a Commodity Pool
Operator. The Investment Adviser has claimed an
exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool
operator under the Commodity Exchange Act. Accordingly,
the Funds investments in derivative instruments described
in the prospectus and this SAI are not limited by or subject to
regulation under the Commodity Exchange Act or otherwise
regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
Risks of Currency Transactions. Currency
transactions are also subject to risks different from those of
other portfolio transactions. Because currency control is of
great importance to the issuing governments and influences
economic planning and policy, purchases and sales of currency
and related instruments can be adversely affected by government
exchange controls, limitations or restrictions on repatriation
of currency, and manipulation, or exchange restrictions imposed
by governments. These forms of governmental action can result in
losses to the Fund if it is unable to deliver or receive
currency or monies in settlement of obligations
12
and could also cause hedges it has entered into to be rendered
useless, resulting in full currency exposure as well as
incurring transaction costs.
Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may enter into
repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is an instrument
under which the purchaser (i.e., the Fund) acquires a debt
security and the seller agrees, at the time of the sale, to
repurchase the obligation at a mutually agreed upon time and
price, thereby determining the yield during the purchasers
holding period. This results in a fixed rate of return insulated
from market fluctuations during such period. The underlying
securities are ordinarily U.S. Treasury or other government
obligations or high quality money market instruments. The Fund
will require that the value of such underlying securities,
together with any other collateral held by the Fund, always
equals or exceeds the amount of the repurchase obligations of
the counter party. The Funds risk is primarily that, if
the seller defaults, the proceeds from the disposition of the
underlying securities and other collateral for the sellers
obligation are less than the repurchase price. If the seller
becomes insolvent, the Fund might be delayed in or prevented
from selling the collateral. In the event of a default or
bankruptcy by a seller, the Fund will promptly seek to liquidate
the collateral. To the extent that the proceeds from any sale of
such collateral upon a default in the obligation to repurchase
are less than the repurchase price, the Fund will experience a
loss.
The Investment Adviser, acting under the supervision of the
Board of Trustees of the Fund, reviews the creditworthiness of
those banks and dealers with which the Fund enters into
repurchase agreements to evaluate these risks and monitors on an
ongoing basis the value of the securities subject to repurchase
agreements to ensure that the value is maintained at the
required level. The Fund will not enter into repurchase
agreements with the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates.
If the financial institution which is a party to the repurchase
agreement petitions for bankruptcy or becomes subject to the
United States Bankruptcy Code, the law regarding the rights of
the Fund is unsettled. As a result, under extreme circumstances,
there may be a restriction on the Funds ability to sell
the collateral and the Fund would suffer a loss.
Loans of Portfolio Securities. Consistent with
applicable regulatory requirements and the Funds
investment restrictions, the Fund may lend its portfolio
securities to securities broker-dealers or financial
institutions, provided that such loans are callable at any time
by the Fund (subject to notice provisions described below), and
are at all times secured by cash, cash equivalents or other
liquid securities which are maintained in a segregated account
pursuant to applicable regulations and that are at least equal
to the market value, determined daily, of the loaned securities.
The advantage of such loans is that the Fund continues to
receive the income on the loaned securities while at the same
time earns interest on the cash amounts deposited as collateral,
which will be invested in short-term obligations. The Fund will
not lend its portfolio securities if such loans are not
permitted by the laws or regulations of any state in which its
shares are qualified for sale. The Funds loans of
portfolio securities will be collateralized in accordance with
applicable regulatory requirements and no loan will cause the
value of all loaned securities to exceed 20% of the value of the
Funds total assets. The Funds ability to lend
portfolio securities may be limited by rating agency guidelines.
A loan may generally be terminated by the borrower on one
business day notice, or by the Fund on five business days
notice. If the borrower fails to deliver the loaned securities
within five days after receipt of notice, the Fund could use the
collateral to replace the securities while holding the borrower
liable for any excess of replacement cost over collateral. As
with any extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in
recovery and in some cases even loss of rights in the collateral
should the borrower of the securities fail financially. However,
these loans of portfolio securities will only be made to firms
deemed by the Investment Adviser to be creditworthy and when the
income that can be earned from such loans justifies the
attendant risks. The Board of Trustees will oversee the
creditworthiness of the contracting parties on an ongoing basis.
Upon termination of the loan, the borrower is required to return
the securities to the Fund. Any gain or loss in the market price
during the loan period would inure to the Fund. The risks
associated with loans of portfolio securities are substantially
similar to those associated with repurchase agreements. Thus, if
the counter party to the loan petitions for bankruptcy or
becomes subject to the United States Bankruptcy Code, the law
13
regarding the rights of the Fund is unsettled. As a result,
under extreme circumstances, there may be a restriction on the
Funds ability to sell the collateral and the Fund would
suffer a loss. When voting or consent rights which accompany
loaned securities pass to the borrower, the Fund will follow the
policy of calling the loaned securities, to be delivered within
one day after notice, to permit the exercise of such rights if
the matters involved would have a material effect on the
Funds investment in such loaned securities. The Fund will
pay reasonable finders, administrative and custodial fees
in connection with a loan of its securities.
When Issued, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward
Commitments. The Fund may enter into forward
commitments for the purchase or sale of securities, including on
a when issued or delayed delivery basis,
in excess of customary settlement periods for the type of
security involved. In some cases, a forward commitment may be
conditioned upon the occurrence of a subsequent event, such as
approval and consummation of a merger, corporate reorganization
or debt restructuring (i.e., a when, as and if issued security).
When such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at the
time of the commitment, with payment and delivery taking place
in the future, generally a month or more after the date of the
commitment. While it will only enter into a forward commitment
with the intention of actually acquiring the security, the Fund
may sell the security before the settlement date if it is deemed
advisable by the Investment Adviser.
Securities purchased under a forward commitment are subject to
market fluctuation, and no interest (or dividends) accrues to
the Fund prior to the settlement date. The Fund will segregate
with its Custodian cash or other liquid securities in an
aggregate amount at least equal to the amount of its outstanding
forward commitments.
INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS
The Fund operates under the following restrictions that
constitute fundamental policies that, except as otherwise noted,
cannot be changed without the affirmative vote of the holders of
a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund
voting together as a single class. In the event the Fund were to
issue any preferred shares, the approval of a majority of such
shares voting as a separate class would also be required. Such
majority vote requires the lesser of (i) 67% of the
Funds applicable shares represented at a meeting at which
more than 50% of the applicable shares outstanding are
represented, whether in person or by proxy, or (ii) more
than 50% of the Funds applicable shares outstanding.
Except as otherwise noted, all percentage limitations set forth
below apply after a purchase or initial investment and any
subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from
market fluctuations does not require any action. The Fund may
not:
(1) other than with respect to its concentrations in Gold
Companies and Natural Resources Companies, invest more than 25%
of its total assets, taken at market value at the time of each
investment, in the securities of issuers in any particular
industry. This restriction does not apply to investments in
U.S. government securities and investments in the gold
industry and the natural resources industries;
(2) purchase commodities or commodity contracts if such
purchase would result in regulation of the Fund as a commodity
pool operator;
(3) purchase or sell real estate, provided the Fund may
invest in securities and other instruments secured by real
estate or interests therein or issued by companies that invest
in real estate or interests therein;
(4) make loans of money or other property, except that
(i) the Fund may acquire debt obligations of any type
(including through extensions of credit), enter into repurchase
agreements and lend portfolio assets and (ii) the Fund may,
up to 20% of the Funds total assets, lend money or other
property to other investment companies advised by the Investment
Adviser pursuant to a common lending program to the extent
permitted by applicable law;
(5) borrow money, except to the extent permitted by
applicable law;
(6) issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted
by applicable law; or
14
(7) underwrite securities of other issuers, except insofar
as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under applicable law in
selling portfolio securities; provided, however, this
restriction shall not apply to securities of any investment
company organized by the Fund that are to be distributed pro
rata as a dividend to its shareholders.
In addition, the Funds investment objectives and its
policies of investing at least 25% of its assets in normal
circumstances in Gold Companies and in Natural Resource
Companies are fundamental policies. Unless specifically stated
as such, no policy of the Fund is fundamental and each policy
may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder
approval.
15
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
Trustees
and Officers
Overall responsibility for management and supervision of the
Fund rests with its Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees
approves all significant agreements between the Fund and the
companies that furnish the Fund with services, including
agreements with the Investment Adviser, the Funds
custodian and the Funds transfer agent. The day-to-day
operations of the Fund are delegated to the Investment Adviser.
The names and business addresses of the Trustees and principal
officers of the Fund are set forth in the following table,
together with their positions and their principal occupations
during the past five years and, in the case of the Trustees,
their positions with certain other organizations and companies.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolios
|
|
|
Term of Office
|
|
|
|
Other Directorships
|
|
in Fund Complex
|
|
|
and Length of
|
|
Principal Occupation(s)
|
|
Held by
|
|
Overseen by
|
Name (and Age), Position with the Fund and Business Address
(1)
|
|
Time Served (2)
|
|
During Past Five Years
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interested Trustee(3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salvatore M. Salibello(63)
|
|
Since November 2005***
|
|
Certified Public Accountant and Managing Partner of the
certified public accounting firm of Salibello & Broder LLP
|
|
None
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-Interested Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony J. Colavita (73)
Trustee
|
|
Since February 2005*
|
|
President of the law firm of Anthony J. Colavita, P.C.
|
|
None
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
James P. Conn (70)
Trustee
|
|
Since February 2005***
|
|
Former Managing Director and Chief Investment Officer of
Financial Security Assurance Holdings Ltd. (insurance holding
company) (19921998)
|
|
None
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mario dUrso (68)
Trustee
|
|
Since February 2005**
|
|
Chairman of Mittel Capital Markets S.p.A. since 2001; Senator in
the Italian Parliament (19962001)
|
|
None
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vincent D. Enright (65)
Trustee
|
|
Since February 2005**
|
|
Former Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of
KeySpan Energy Corp (public utility) (1994-1998)
|
|
Director of Echo Therapeutics, Inc. (therapeutics and
diagnostics)
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Frank J. Fahrenkopf, Jr. (69)
Trustee
|
|
Since February 2005*
|
|
President and Chief Executive Officer of the American Gaming
Association; Co-Chairman of the Commission on Presidential
Debates; Chairman of the Republican National Committee
(19831989)
|
|
None
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael J. Melarkey (59)
Trustee
|
|
Since February 2005**
|
|
Partner in the law firm of Avansino, Melarkey, Knobel &
Mulligan
|
|
Director of Southwest Gas Corporation (natural gas utility)
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthonie C. van Ekris (74)
Trustee
|
|
Since February 2005***
|
|
Chairman of BALMAC International, Inc. (commodities and futures
trading)
|
|
None
|
|
|
20
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolios
|
|
|
Term of Office
|
|
|
|
Other Directorships
|
|
in Fund Complex
|
|
|
and Length of
|
|
Principal Occupation(s)
|
|
Held by
|
|
Overseen by
|
Name (and Age), Position with the Fund and Business Address
(1)
|
|
Time Served (2)
|
|
During Past Five Years
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salvatore J. Zizza (63)
Trustee
|
|
Since February 2005*
|
|
Chairman of Zizza & Co., Ltd. (consulting)
|
|
Director of Hollis-Eden Pharmaceuticals (biotechnology) and Earl
Scheib, Inc. (automotive services)
|
|
|
28
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Officers
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Bruce N. Alpert (57)
President
|
|
Since February 2005
|
|
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Gabelli
Funds, LLC since 1988; Chairman of Teton Advisers, Inc.
(formerly Gabelli Advisers, Inc.) since 2008 and Director and
President from 1998-2008; Officer of all of the registered
investment companies in the Gabelli/GAMCO Fund Complex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carter W. Austin (42)
Vice President
|
|
Since February 2005
|
|
Vice President of the Fund since 2005; Vice President of other
registered investment companies in the Gabelli/GAMCO Fund
Complex; Vice President of Gabelli Funds, LLC since 1996
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peter D. Goldstein (55)
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
Since February 2005
|
|
Director of Regulatory Affairs for GAMCO Investors, Inc. since
2004; Chief Compliance Officer of all of the registered
investment companies in the Gabelli/GAMCO Fund Complex; Vice
President of Goldman Sachs Asset Management (20002004)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Molly A.F. Marion (55)
Assistant Vice President and Ombudsman
|
|
Since May 2005
|
|
Ombudsman of the Fund since 2005; Assistant Vice President of
GAMCO Investors, Inc. since 2006; Assistant Portfolio Manager of
Gabelli Fixed Income LLC from 1994-2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agnes Mullady (50)
Treasurer and Secretary
|
|
Since February 2006
|
|
Vice President of Gabelli Funds, LLC since 2007; Officer of all
of the registered investment companies in the Gabelli/GAMCO Fund
Complex; Senior Vice President of U.S. Trust Company, N.A. and
Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer of Excelsior Funds from
20042005; Chief Financial Officer of AMIC Distribution
Partners from 20022004;
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
Address: One Corporate Center, Rye,
NY
10580-1422,
unless otherwise noted.
|
17
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
The Funds Board of Trustees
is divided into three classes, each class having a term of three
years. Each year the term of office of one class expires and the
successor or successors elected to such class serve for a three
year term. The three year term for each class is as follows:
|
|
*
|
|
Term continues until the
Funds 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until their
successors are duly elected and qualified.
|
|
**
|
|
Term continues until the
Funds 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until their
successors are duly elected and qualified.
|
|
***
|
|
Term continues until the
Funds 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until their
successors are duly elected and qualified.
|
|
(3)
|
|
Interested person of
the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act. Mr. Salibello may be
considered an interested person of the Fund as a
result of being a partner in an accounting firm that provides
professional services to affiliates of the Investment Adviser.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dollar Range of
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
|
|
|
Equity
|
|
Securities Held in All Registered
|
|
|
Securities Held in the
|
|
Investment Companies in the
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
Fund
|
|
Gabelli Fund Complex
|
|
Interested Trustee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salvatore M. Salibello
|
|
none
|
|
|
over $100,000
|
|
Independent Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony J. Colavita*
|
|
$1-$10,000
|
|
|
over $100,000
|
|
James P. Conn
|
|
$50,001-$100,000
|
|
|
over $100,000
|
|
Mario dUrso
|
|
none
|
|
|
over $100,000
|
|
Vincent D. Enright
|
|
none
|
|
|
over $100,000
|
|
Frank J. Fahrenkopf, Jr.
|
|
none
|
|
|
$1-$10,000
|
|
Michael J. Melarkey
|
|
$10,001-$50,000
|
|
|
over $100,000
|
|
Anthonie C. van Ekris*
|
|
$10,001-$50,000
|
|
|
over $100,000
|
|
Salvatore J. Zizza
|
|
$10,001-$50,000
|
|
|
over $100,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All shares were valued as of December 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Messrs. Colavita and van Ekris each beneficially own less
than 1% of the common stock of The LGL Group, Inc., having a
value of $2,601 and $3,120, respectively, as of
December 31, 2008. Mr. van Ekris beneficially owns less
than 1% of the common stock of LICT Corp. and CIBL, Inc., having
a value of $60,624 and $0, respectively, as of December 31,
2008. The LGL Group, Inc., LICT Corp. and CIBL, Inc. may be
deemed to be controlled by Mario J. Gabelli and in that event
would be deemed to be under common control with the Funds
Investment Adviser. |
The Trustees serving on the Funds Nominating Committee are
Anthony J. Colavita (Chair), Michael J. Melarkey and Salvatore
J. Zizza. The Nominating Committee is responsible for
recommending qualified candidates to the Board of Trustees in
the event that a position is vacated or created. The Nominating
Committee would consider recommendations by shareholders if a
vacancy were to exist. Such recommendations should be forwarded
to the Secretary of the Fund. The Fund does not have a standing
compensation committee.
Vincent D. Enright, Frank J. Fahrenkopf, Jr. and Salvatore
J. Zizza (Chair), who are not interested persons of
the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act, serve on the Funds
Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is generally responsible
for reviewing and evaluating issues related to the accounting
and financial reporting policies and internal controls of the
Fund and, as appropriate, the internal controls of certain
service providers, overseeing the quality and objectivity of the
Funds financial statements and the audit thereof and to
act as a liaison between the Board of Trustees and the
Funds independent registered public accounting firm.
18
Remuneration
of Trustees
The Fund pays each Trustee who is not an officer or employee of
the Investment Adviser or its affiliates a fee of $6,000 per
annum plus $1,000 per Board meeting attended in person ($500 if
attended telephonically) and $500 per committee meeting
attended, together with each Trustees actual out-of-pocket
expenses relating to attendance at such meetings. In addition
the Audit Committee Chairman receives an annual fee of $3,000,
the Nominating Committee Chairman receives an annual fee of
$2,000, and the Lead Trustee receives an annual fee of $1,000
The following table shows the compensation that the Trustees
earned in their capacity as Trustees during the year ended
December 31, 2008. The table also shows, for the year ended
December 31, 2008, the compensation Trustees earned in
their capacity as Trustees for other funds in the Gabelli
Fund Complex.
COMPENSATION
TABLE FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
from the Fund
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
Compensation
|
|
|
Fund Complex
|
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
From the Fund
|
|
|
Paid to Trustees*
|
|
|
Interested Trustee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salvatore M. Salibello
|
|
$
|
8,500
|
|
|
$
|
34,500
|
|
Independent Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony J. Colavita
|
|
$
|
11,056
|
|
|
$
|
251,034
|
|
James P. Conn
|
|
$
|
9,500
|
|
|
$
|
122,590
|
|
Mario dUrso
|
|
$
|
8,500
|
|
|
$
|
42,000
|
|
Vincent D. Enright
|
|
$
|
9,600
|
|
|
$
|
123,423
|
|
Frank J. Fahrenkopf, Jr.
|
|
$
|
9,750
|
|
|
$
|
64,500
|
|
Michael J. Melarkey
|
|
$
|
8,750
|
|
|
$
|
41,250
|
|
Anthonie C. van Ekris
|
|
$
|
8,500
|
|
|
$
|
114,500
|
|
Salvatore J. Zizza
|
|
$
|
13,606
|
|
|
$
|
187,326
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
87,762
|
|
|
$
|
981,123
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Represents the total compensation paid to such persons during
the year ended December 31, 2008 by investment companies
(including the Fund) or portfolios thereof from which such
person receives compensation that are considered part of the
same fund complex as the Fund because they have common or
affiliated investment advisers. The total does not include,
among other things, out-of-pocket Trustee expenses. |
Indemnification
of Officers and Trustees; Limitations on Liability
The Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Fund provides that
the Fund will indemnify its Trustees and officers and may
indemnify its employees or agents against liabilities and
expenses incurred in connection with litigation in which they
may be involved because of their positions with the Fund to the
fullest extent permitted by law. However, nothing in the
Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Fund protects or
indemnifies a trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Fund
against any liability to which such person would otherwise be
subject in the event of such persons willful misfeasance,
bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties
involved in the conduct of his or her position.
Investment
Advisory and Administrative Arrangements
Gabelli Funds, LLC acts as the Funds Investment Adviser
pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Fund. The
Investment Adviser is a New York limited liability company with
principal
19
offices located at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422.
The Investment Adviser was organized in 1999 and is the
successor to Gabelli Funds, Inc., which was organized in 1980.
As of December 31, 2008, the Investment Adviser acted as
registered investment adviser to 25 management investment
companies with aggregate net assets of $11.4 billion. The
Investment Adviser, together with the other affiliated
investment advisers noted below had assets under management
totaling approximately $20.7 billion as of
December 31, 2008. GAMCO Asset Management Inc., an
affiliate of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment adviser
for individuals, pension trusts, profit sharing trusts and
endowments, and as a sub adviser to management investment
companies having aggregate assets of $8.5 billion under
management as of December 31, 2008. Gabelli Securities,
Inc., an affiliate of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment
adviser for investment partnerships and entities having
aggregate assets of approximately $295 million as of
December 31, 2008. Gabelli Fixed Income LLC, an affiliate
of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment adviser for
separate accounts having aggregate assets of approximately
$22 million under management as of December 31, 2008.
Teton Advisors, Inc., an affiliate of the Investment Adviser,
acts as investment manager to the GAMCO Westwood Funds having
aggregate assets of approximately $450 million under
management as of December 31, 2008.
Affiliates of the Investment Adviser may, in the ordinary course
of their business, acquire for their own account or for the
accounts of their investment advisory clients, significant (and
possibly controlling) positions in the securities of companies
that may also be suitable for investment by the Fund. The
securities in which the Fund might invest may thereby be limited
to some extent. For instance, many companies in the past several
years have adopted so-called poison pill or other
defensive measures designed to discourage or prevent the
completion of non-negotiated offers for control of the company.
Such defensive measures may have the effect of limiting the
shares of the company which might otherwise be acquired by the
Fund if the affiliates of the Investment Adviser or their
investment advisory accounts have or acquire a significant
position in the same securities. However, the Investment Adviser
does not believe that the investment activities of its
affiliates will have a material adverse effect upon the Fund in
seeking to achieve its investment objectives. Securities
purchased or sold pursuant to contemporaneous orders entered on
behalf of the investment company accounts of the Investment
Adviser or the investment advisory accounts managed by its
affiliates for their unaffiliated clients are allocated pursuant
to procedures, approved by the Board of Trustees, believed to be
fair and not disadvantageous to any such accounts. In addition,
all such orders are accorded priority of execution over orders
entered on behalf of accounts in which the Investment Adviser or
its affiliates have a substantial pecuniary interest. The
Investment Adviser may on occasion give advice or take action
with respect to other clients that differs from the actions
taken with respect to the Fund. The Fund may invest in the
securities of companies that are investment management clients
of GAMCO Asset Management Inc. In addition, portfolio companies
or their officers or directors may be minority shareholders of
the Investment Adviser or its affiliates.
The Investment Adviser is a wholly-owned subsidiary of GAMCO
Investors, Inc., a New York corporation, whose Class A
Common Stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (the
NYSE) under the symbol GBL.
Mr. Mario J. Gabelli may be deemed a controlling
person of the Investment Adviser on the basis of his
ownership of a majority of the stock and voting power of GGCP,
Inc., which owns a majority of the capital stock and voting
power of GAMCO Investors, Inc.
Under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the
Investment Adviser manages the portfolio of the Fund in
accordance with its stated investment objectives and policies,
makes investment decisions for the Fund, places orders to
purchase and sell securities on behalf of the Fund and manages
its other business and affairs, all subject to the supervision
and direction of the Funds Board of Trustees. In addition,
under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Investment Adviser
oversees the administration of all aspects of the Funds
business and affairs and provides, or arranges for others to
provide, at the Investment Advisers expense, certain
enumerated services, including maintaining the Funds books
and records, preparing reports to the Funds shareholders
and supervising the calculation of the net asset value of its
shares. All expenses of computing the net asset value of the
Fund, including any equipment or services obtained solely for
the
20
purpose of pricing shares or valuing its investment portfolio,
will be an expense of the Fund under its Investment Advisory
Agreement.
The Investment Advisory Agreement combines investment advisory
and administrative responsibilities into one agreement. For
services rendered by the Investment Adviser on behalf of the
Fund under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Fund pays the
Investment Adviser a fee computed daily and paid monthly at the
annual rate of 1.00% of the average weekly net assets of the
Fund. There is no deduction for the liquidation preference of
any outstanding preferred shares.
The Investment Advisory Agreement provides that, in the absence
of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard for its obligations and duties thereunder, the
Investment Adviser is not liable for any error or judgment or
mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund. As part of
the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Fund has agreed that the
name Gabelli is the Investment Advisers
property, and that in the event the Investment Adviser ceases to
act as an investment adviser to the Fund, the Fund will change
its name to one not including Gabelli.
Pursuant to its terms, the Investment Advisory Agreement will
remain in effect with respect to the Fund from year to year if
approved annually (i) by the Funds Board of Trustees
or by the holders of a majority of its outstanding voting
securities and (ii) by a majority of the Trustees who are
not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act)
of any party to the Investment Advisory Agreement, by vote cast
in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such
approval.
The Investment Advisory Agreement was most recently approved by
a majority of the Funds Board of Trustees, including a
majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons as that
term is defined in the 1940 Act, at an in person meeting of the
Board of Trustees held on February 26, 2009.
The Investment Advisory Agreement terminates automatically on
its assignment and may be terminated without penalty on
60 days written notice at the option of either party
thereto or by a vote of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act)
of the Funds outstanding shares.
Portfolio
Manager Information
Other
Accounts Managed
The information below lists the number of other accounts for
which each portfolio manager was primarily responsible for the
day-to-day management as of the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2008.
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Number of
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Accounts
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Managed
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with
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Advisory
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Total Assets
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Total Number
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Fee
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with Advisory
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of Accounts
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Based on
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Fee Based on
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Name of Portfolio Manager or Team Member
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Type of Accounts
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Managed
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Total Assets
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Performance
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Performance
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1. Caesar M.P. Bryan
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Registered Investment Companies:
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4
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$
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1.5 billion
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1
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$
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1.1 billion
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Other Pooled Investment Vehicles:
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2
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$
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6.0 million
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2
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$
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6.0 million
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Other Accounts:
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5
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$
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33.5 million
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0
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$
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0
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2. Barbara G. Marcin
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Registered Investment Companies:
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3
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$
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1.5 billion
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1
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$
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1.5 billion
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Other Pooled Investment Vehicles:
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1
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$
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5.4 million
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1
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$
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5.4 million
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Other Accounts:
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20
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$
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79 million
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0
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$
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0
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3. Vincent
Hugonnard-
Roche
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Registered Investment Companies:
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1
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$
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0
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0
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$
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0
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Other Pooled Investment Vehicles:
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1
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$
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13.8 million
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0
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$
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0
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Other Accounts:
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0
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$
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0
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0
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$
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0
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21
Potential
Conflicts of Interest
Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a
portfolio manager for a fund also has day-to-day management
responsibilities with respect to one or more other funds or
accounts. These potential conflicts include:
Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A
portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds
or other accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the
management of those funds or accounts. As a result, the
portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a
strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities
for each of those accounts as might be the case if he or she
were to devote substantially more attention to the management of
a single fund.
Allocation of Limited Investment
Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies
an investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple
funds or other accounts, a fund may not be able to take full
advantage of that opportunity because the opportunity may be
allocated among several of these funds or accounts.
Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a
portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity
may be appropriate for only some of the funds or accounts for
which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may
decide that certain of the funds or accounts should take
differing positions with respect to a particular security. In
these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate
transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect
the market price of the security or the execution of the
transaction, or both, to the detriment of one or more other
funds or accounts.
Selection of Broker/Dealers. Portfolio
managers may be able to select or influence the selection of the
brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities
transactions for the funds or accounts that they supervise. In
addition to providing execution of trades, some brokers and
dealers provide portfolio managers with brokerage and research
services which may result in the payment of higher brokerage
fees than might otherwise be available. These services may be
more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others.
Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the
requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith
that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of
the brokerage and research services provided to the fund, a
portfolio managers decision as to the selection of brokers
and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits
among the funds or other accounts that he or she manages. In
addition, with respect to certain types of accounts (such as
pooled investment vehicles and other accounts managed for
organizations and individuals) the Investment Adviser may be
limited by the client concerning the selection of brokers or may
be instructed to direct trades to particular brokers. In these
cases, the Investment Adviser or its affiliates may place
separate, non-simultaneous transactions in the same security for
a fund and another account that may temporarily affect the
market price of the security or the execution of the
transaction, or both, to the detriment of the fund or the other
accounts.
Variation in Compensation. A conflict of
interest may arise where the financial or other benefits
available to the portfolio manager differ among the funds or
accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the
Investment Advisers management fee or the portfolio
managers compensation differs among funds or accounts
(such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management
fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio
manager may be motivated to favor certain funds or accounts over
others. The portfolio manager also may be motivated to favor
funds or accounts in which he or she has an investment interest,
or in which the Investment Adviser or its affiliates have
investment interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain assets
under management or to enhance a portfolio managers
performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or
otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager in affording
preferential treatment to those funds or other accounts that
could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager.
The Investment Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance
policies and procedures that are designed to address the various
conflicts of interest that may arise for the Investment Adviser
and its staff members. However, there is no guarantee that such
policies and procedures will be able to detect and prevent every
situation in which an actual or potential conflict may arise.
22
Compensation
Structure
The compensation of the portfolio managers is reviewed annually
and structured to enable the Investment Adviser to attract and
retain highly qualified professionals in a competitive
environment. The portfolio managers named above receive a
compensation package that includes a minimum draw or base
salary, equity-based incentive compensation via awards of stock
options, and incentive based variable compensation based on a
percentage of net revenues received by the Investment Adviser
for managing the Fund to the extent that it exceeds a minimum
level of compensation. This method of compensation is based on
the premise that superior long-term performance in managing a
portfolio will be rewarded through growth of assets through
appreciation and cash flow. Incentive based equity compensation
is based on an evaluation of quantitative and qualitative
performance evaluation criteria. Mr. Hugonnard-Roche also
may receive a discretionary bonus based primarily on qualitative
performance evaluation criteria.
Compensation for managing other accounts is based on a
percentage of net revenues received by the Investment Adviser
for managing the account. Compensation for managing the pooled
investment vehicles and other accounts that have a
performance-based fee will have two components. One component of
the fee is based on a percentage of net revenues received by the
Investment Adviser for managing the account or pooled investment
vehicle. The second component of the fee is based on absolute
performance from which a percentage of such fee is paid to the
portfolio manager.
Portfolio
Holdings Information
Employees of the Investment Adviser and its affiliates will
often have access to information concerning the portfolio
holdings of the Fund. The Fund and the Investment Adviser have
adopted policies and procedures that require all employees to
safeguard proprietary information of the Fund, which includes
information relating to the Funds portfolio holdings as
well as portfolio trading activity of the Investment Adviser
with respect to the Fund (collectively, Portfolio Holdings
Information). In addition, the Fund and the Investment
Adviser have adopted policies and procedures providing that
Portfolio Holdings Information may not be disclosed except to
the extent that it is (a) made available to the general
public by posting on the Funds website or filed as a part
of a required filing on
Form N-Q
or N-CSR or (b) provided to a third party for legitimate
business purposes or regulatory purposes, that has agreed to
keep such data confidential under forms approved by the
Investment Advisers legal department or outside counsel,
as described below. The Investment Adviser will examine each
situation under (b) with a view to determine that release
of the information is in the best interest of the Fund and its
shareholders and, if a potential conflict between the Investment
Advisers interests and the Funds interests arises,
to have such conflict resolved by the Chief Compliance Officer
or the independent Board of Trustees. These policies further
provide that no officer of the Fund or employee of the
Investment Adviser shall communicate with the media about the
Fund without obtaining the advance consent of the Chief
Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer, or General Counsel
of the Investment Adviser.
Under the foregoing policies, the Fund currently may disclose
Portfolio Holdings Information in the circumstances outlined
below. Disclosure generally may be either on a monthly or
quarterly basis with no time lag in some cases and with a time
lag of up to 60 days in other cases (with the exception of
proxy voting services which require a regular download of data):
(1) To regulatory authorities in response to requests for
such information and with the approval of the Chief Compliance
Officer of the Fund;
(2) To mutual fund rating and statistical agencies and to
persons performing similar functions where there is a legitimate
business purpose for such disclosure and such entity has agreed
to keep such data confidential at least until it has been made
public by the Investment Adviser;
(3) To service providers of the Fund, as necessary for the
performance of their services to the Fund and to the Board of
Trustees; the Funds anticipated service providers are its
administrator, transfer agent, custodian, independent registered
public accounting firm, and legal counsel;
23
(4) To firms providing proxy voting and other proxy
services, provided such entity has agreed to keep such data
confidential until at least it has been made public by the
Investment Adviser;
(5) To certain broker dealers, investment advisers, and
other financial intermediaries for purposes of their performing
due diligence on the Fund and not for dissemination of this
information to their clients or use of this information to
conduct trading for their clients. Disclosure of Portfolio
Holdings Information in these circumstances requires the broker,
dealer, investment adviser, or financial intermediary to agree
to keep such information confidential and is further subject to
prior approval of the Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund and
to reporting to the Board of Trustees at the next quarterly
meeting; and
(6) To consultants for purposes of performing analysis of
the Fund, which analysis (but not the Portfolio Holdings
Information) may be used by the consultant with its clients or
disseminated to the public, provided that such entity shall have
agreed to keep such information confidential until at least it
has been made public by the Investment Adviser.
Disclosures made pursuant to a confidentiality agreement are
subject to periodic confirmation by the Chief Compliance Officer
of the Fund that the recipient has utilized such information
solely in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Neither
the Fund nor the Investment Adviser, nor any of the Investment
Advisers affiliates will accept on behalf of itself, its
affiliates, or the Fund any compensation or other consideration
in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings of the
Fund. The Board of Trustees will review such arrangements
annually with the Funds Chief Compliance Officer.
Ownership
of Shares in the Fund
As of December 31, 2008, the portfolio managers of the Fund
own the following amounts of equity securities of the Fund.
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Caesar M.P. Bryan
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$
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0-10,000
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Barbara G. Marcin
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$
|
25,001-50,000
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Vincent Hugonnard-Roche
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$
|
10,001-25,000
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DIVIDENDS
AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund, along with other closed-end registered investment
companies advised by the Investment Adviser, is covered by an
exemption from Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act and
Rule 19b-1
thereunder permitting the Fund to make periodic distributions of
long-term capital gains provided that any distribution policy of
the Fund with respect to its common shares calls for periodic
(e.g., quarterly or semi-annually, but in no event more
frequently than monthly) distributions in an amount equal to a
fixed percentage of the Funds average net asset value or
market price per common share over a specified period of time at
or about the time of distribution or the distribution of a fixed
dollar amount. The exemption also permits the Fund to make such
distributions with respect to its senior securities, if any, in
accordance with such shares terms. As of the date of this
SAI, the Fund has not adopted a distribution policy that would
subject it to such exemption.
Were such a policy adopted, to the extent the Funds total
distributions for a year exceed its net investment company
taxable income (interest, dividends and net short-term capital
gains in excess of expenses) and net realized long-term capital
gains for that year, the excess would generally constitute a
tax-free return of capital up to the amount of a
shareholders tax basis in the common shares. Any
distributions which (based upon the Funds full year
performance) constitute a tax-free return of capital would
reduce a shareholders tax basis in the common shares,
thereby increasing such shareholders potential gain or
reducing his or her potential loss on the sale of the common
shares. Any amounts distributed to a shareholder in excess of
the basis in the common shares would generally be taxable to the
shareholder as capital gain. See Taxation.
Distribution notices provided by the Fund to its shareholders
will clearly indicate what portion of the periodic distributions
would constitute net income, net capital gains, and return of
capital. The final determination of the source of such
distributions for federal income tax purposes will be made
shortly after
24
year end based on the Funds actual net investment company
taxable income and net capital gain for that year and would be
communicated to shareholders promptly. In the event that the
Fund distributes amounts in excess of its investment company
taxable income and net capital gain, such distributions will
decrease the Funds total assets and, therefore, have the
likely effect of increasing the Funds expense ratio, as
the Funds fixed expenses will become a larger percentage
of the Funds average net assets. In addition, in order to
make such distributions, the Fund may have to sell a portion of
its investment portfolio at a time when independent investment
judgment may not dictate such action.
PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS
Subject to policies established by the Board of Trustees of the
Fund, the Investment Adviser is responsible for placing purchase
and sale orders and the allocation of brokerage on behalf of the
Fund. Transactions in equity securities are in most cases
effected on U.S. stock exchanges and involve the payment of
negotiated brokerage commissions. There may be no stated
commission in the case of securities traded in over-the-counter
markets, but the prices of those securities may include
undisclosed commissions or
mark-ups.
Principal transactions are not entered into with affiliates of
the Fund. However, Gabelli & Company, Inc. may execute
transactions in the over-the-counter markets on an agency basis
and receive a stated commission therefrom. To the extent
consistent with applicable provisions of the 1940 Act and the
rules and exemptions adopted by the SEC thereunder, as well as
other regulatory requirements, the Funds Board of Trustees
has determined that portfolio transactions may be executed
through Gabelli & Company, Inc. and its broker-dealer
affiliates if, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser, the
use of those broker-dealers is likely to result in price and
execution at least as favorable as those of other qualified
broker-dealers, and if, in particular transactions, the
affiliated broker-dealers charge the Fund a rate consistent with
that charged to comparable unaffiliated customers in similar
transactions and comparable to rates charged by other
broker-dealers for similar transactions. The Fund has no
obligations to deal with any broker or group of brokers in
executing transactions in portfolio securities. In executing
transactions, the Investment Adviser seeks to obtain the best
price and execution for the Fund, taking into account such
factors as price, size of order, difficulty of execution and
operational facilities of the firm involved and the firms
risk in positioning a block of securities. While the Investment
Adviser generally seeks reasonably competitive commission rates,
the Fund does not necessarily pay the lowest commission
available.
Subject to obtaining the best price and execution, brokers who
provide supplemental research, market and statistical
information, or other services (e.g., wire services) to the
Investment Adviser or its affiliates may receive orders for
transactions by the Fund. The term research, market and
statistical information includes advice as to the value of
securities, and advisability of investing in, purchasing or
selling securities, and the availability of securities or
purchasers or sellers of securities, and furnishing analyses and
reports concerning issues, industries, securities, economic
factors and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance of
accounts. Information so received will be in addition to and not
in lieu of the services required to be performed by the
Investment Adviser under the Investment Advisory Agreement and
the expenses of the Investment Adviser will not necessarily be
reduced as a result of the receipt of such supplemental
information. Such information may be useful to the Investment
Adviser and its affiliates in providing services to clients
other than the Fund, and not all such information is used by the
Investment Adviser in connection with the Fund. Conversely, such
information provided to the Investment Adviser and its
affiliates by brokers and dealers through whom other clients of
the Investment Adviser and its affiliates effect securities
transactions may be useful to the Investment Adviser in
providing services to the Fund.
Although investment decisions for the Fund are made
independently from those for the other accounts managed by the
Investment Adviser and its affiliates, investments of the kind
made by the Fund may also be made for those other accounts. When
the same securities are purchased for or sold by the Fund and
any of such other accounts, it is the policy of the Investment
Adviser and its affiliates to allocate such purchases and sales
in a manner deemed fair and equitable over time to all of the
accounts, including the Fund.
25
PORTFOLIO
TURNOVER
Portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of
an investment companys annual sales or purchases of
portfolio securities by the monthly average value of securities
in its portfolio during the year, excluding portfolio securities
the maturities of which at the time of acquisition were one year
or less. A high rate of portfolio turnover involves
correspondingly greater brokerage commission expense than a
lower rate, which expense must be borne by the Fund and
indirectly by its shareholders. The portfolio turnover rate may
vary from year to year and will not be a factor when the
Investment Adviser determines that portfolio changes are
appropriate. For example, an increase in the Funds
participation in risk arbitrage situations would increase the
Funds portfolio turnover rate. A higher rate of portfolio
turnover may also result in taxable gains being passed to
shareholders sooner than would otherwise be the case. The
investment policies of the Fund, including its strategy of
writing covered call options on securities in its portfolio, is
expected to result in portfolio turnover that is higher than
that of other investment companies, and is expected to be higher
than 100%. For the fiscal periods ended December 31, 2007
and 2008, the portfolio turnover rates were 71.3% and 41.5%,
respectively.
TAXATION
The following discussion is a brief summary of certain
U.S. federal income tax considerations affecting the Fund
and the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Funds
shares. This discussion assumes you are a U.S. person and
that you hold your shares as capital assets. This discussion is
based upon current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended (the Code), the regulations
promulgated thereunder and judicial and administrative
authorities, all of which are subject to change or differing
interpretations by the courts or the Internal Revenue Service
(the IRS), possibly with retroactive effect. No
attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of all
U.S. federal tax concerns affecting the Fund and its
shareholders (including shareholders owning large positions in
the Fund).
The discussions set forth herein and in the prospectus do not
constitute tax advice and potential investors are urged to
consult their own tax advisers to determine the tax consequences
to them of investing in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The Fund has elected to be treated and has qualified, and
intends to continue to qualify annually, as a regulated
investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly,
the Fund must, among other things, meet the following
requirements regarding the source of its income and the
diversification of its assets:
(i) The Fund must derive in each taxable year at least 90%
of its gross income from the following sources, which are
referred to herein as Qualifying Income:
(a) dividends, interest (including tax-exempt interest),
payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains
from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or
foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited
to gain from options, futures and forward contracts) derived
with respect to its business of investing in such stock,
securities or foreign currencies; and (b) interests in
publicly traded partnerships that are treated as partnerships
for U.S. federal income tax purposes and that derive less
than 90% of their gross income from the items described in
(a) above (each a Qualified Publicly Traded
Partnership).
(ii) The Fund must diversify its holdings so that, at the
end of each quarter of each taxable year (a) at least 50%
of the market value of the Funds total assets is
represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government
securities, the securities of other regulated investment
companies and other securities, with such other securities
limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater
than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets and not
more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such
issuer and (b) not more than 25% of the market value of the
Funds total assets is invested in the securities (other
than U.S. government securities and the securities of other
regulated investment companies) of (I) any one issuer,
(II) any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and
that are determined to be
26
engaged in the same business or similar or related trades or
businesses or (III) any one or more Qualified Publicly
Traded Partnerships.
Income from the Funds investments in grantor trusts and
equity interest of MLPs that are not Qualified Publicly Traded
Partnerships (if any) will be Qualifying Income to the extent it
is attributable to items of income of such trust or MLP that
would be Qualifying Income if earned directly by the Fund.
The Funds investments in partnerships, including in
Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships, may result in the Fund
being subject to state, local or foreign income, franchise or
withholding tax liabilities.
As a regulated investment company, the Fund generally will not
be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income and gains
that the Fund distributes to its shareholders, provided that it
distributes each taxable year at least the sum of (i) 90%
of the Funds investment company taxable income (which
includes, among other items, dividends, interest and the excess
of any net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital
loss and other taxable income, other than any net long-term
capital gain, reduced by deductible expenses) determined without
regard to the deduction for dividends paid and (ii) 90% of
the Funds net tax-exempt interest income (the excess of
its gross tax-exempt interest over certain disallowed
deductions). The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of
such income at least annually. The Fund will be subject to
income tax at regular corporation rates on any taxable income or
gains that it does not distribute to its shareholders.
The Code imposes a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the Fund to
the extent the Fund does not distribute by the end of any
calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of
(i) 98% of its ordinary income (not taking into account any
capital gain or loss) for the calendar year, (ii) 98% of
its capital gain in excess of its capital loss (adjusted for
certain ordinary losses) for a one-year period generally ending
on October 31 of the calendar year (unless an election is made
to use the Funds fiscal year), (iii) certain
undistributed amounts from previous years on which the Fund paid
no U.S. federal income tax. In addition, the minimum
amounts that must be distributed in any year to avoid the excise
tax will be increased or decreased to reflect any
under-distribution or over-distribution, as the case may be,
from the previous year. While the Fund intends to distribute any
income and capital gain in the manner necessary to minimize
imposition of the 4% excise tax, there can be no assurance that
sufficient amounts of the Funds taxable income and capital
gain will be distributed to entirely avoid the imposition of the
excise tax. In that event, the Fund will be liable for the
excise tax only on the amount by which it does not meet the
foregoing distribution requirement.
A distribution will be treated as paid during the calendar year
if it is paid during the calendar year or declared by the Fund
in October, November or December of the year, payable to
shareholders of record on a date during such a month and paid by
the Fund during January of the following year. Any such
distributions paid during January of the following year will be
deemed to be received by the Funds shareholders on
December 31 of the year the distributions are declared, rather
than when the distributions are actually received.
If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a regulated
investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net
capital gain) will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates
without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and
such distributions will be taxable to the shareholders as
ordinary dividends to the extent of the Funds current or
accumulated earnings and profits. Such dividends, however, would
be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income
in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and
(ii) for the dividends received deduction in the case of
corporate shareholders. The Fund could be required to recognize
unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (which could
be subject to interest charges) before requalifying for taxation
as a regulated investment company. If the Fund fails to qualify
as a regulated investment company in any year, it must pay out
its earnings and profits accumulated in that year in order to
qualify again as a regulated investment company. If the Fund
failed to qualify as a regulated investment company for a period
greater than two taxable years, the Fund may be required to
recognize and pay tax on any net built-in gains with respect to
certain of its assets (i.e., the excess of the aggregate gains,
including items of income, over aggregate losses that would have
been realized with respect to such assets if the Fund had been
liquidated) or, alternatively, to elect to be subject to
taxation on such built-in gain recognized for a period of ten
years, in order to qualify as a regulated investment company in
a subsequent year.
27
Certain of the Funds investment practices are subject to
special and complex United States federal income tax provisions
that may, among other things, (i) disallow, suspend or
otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions,
(ii) convert lower taxed long-term capital gains and
qualified dividend income into higher taxed short-term capital
gains or ordinary income, (iii) convert ordinary loss or a
deduction into capital loss (the deductibility of which is more
limited), (iv) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain
without a corresponding receipt of cash, (v) adversely
affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or
securities is deemed to occur, (vi) adversely alter the
characterization of certain complex financial transactions and
(vii) produce income that will not qualify as good income
for purposes of the 90% annual gross income requirement
described above. The Fund will monitor its transactions and may
make certain tax elections and may be required to borrow money
or dispose of securities to mitigate the effect of these rules
and prevent disqualification of the Fund as a regulated
investment company.
The MLPs in which the Fund intends to invest are expected to be
treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. The cash distributions received by the Fund from an
MLP may not correspond to the amount of income allocated to the
Fund by the MLP in any given taxable year. If the amount of
income allocated by an MLP to the Fund exceeds the amount of
cash received by the Fund from such MLP, the Fund may have
difficulty making distributions to its shareholders in the
amounts necessary to satisfy the requirements for maintaining
its status as a regulated investment company or avoiding
U.S. federal income or excise taxes. Accordingly, the Fund
may have to dispose of securities under disadvantageous
circumstances in order to generate sufficient cash to satisfy
the distribution requirements.
The Fund expects that the income derived by the Fund from the
MLPs in which it invests will be Qualifying Income. If, however,
an MLP in which the Fund invests is not a Qualified Publicly
Traded Partnership, the income derived by the Fund from such
investment may not be Qualifying Income and, therefore, could
adversely affect the Funds status as a regulated
investment company. The Fund intends to monitor its investments
in MLPs to prevent the disqualification of the Fund as a
regulated investment company.
The U.S. tax classification of the Canadian Royalty Trusts
in which the Fund invests and the types of income that the Fund
receives may have an impact on the Funds ability to
qualify as a regulated investment company. In particular,
securities issued by certain Canadian Royalty Trusts (such as
Canadian Royalty Trusts which are grantor trusts) may not
produce qualified income for purposes of determining
the Funds compliance with the tax rules applicable to
regulated investment companies. Additionally, the Fund may be
deemed to directly own the assets of each Canadian Royalty
Trust, and would need to look to such assets when determining
the Funds compliance with the asset diversification rules
applicable to regulated investment companies. To the extent that
the Fund holds such securities indirectly through investments in
a taxable subsidiary formed by the Fund, those securities may
produce qualified income. However, the net return to
the Fund on such investments would be reduced to the extent that
the subsidiary is subject to corporate income taxes. The Fund
shall monitor its investments in the Canadian Royalty Trusts
with the objective of maintaining its continued qualification as
a regulated investment company.
Gain or loss on the sales of securities by the Fund will
generally be long-term capital gain or loss if the securities
have been held by the Fund for more than one year. Gain or loss
on the sale of securities held for one year or less will be
short-term capital gain or loss.
The premium received by the Fund for writing a call option is
not included in income at the time of receipt. If the option
expires, the premium is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If
the Fund enters into a closing transaction, the difference
between the amount paid to close out its position and the
premium received is short-term capital gain or loss. If a call
option written by the Fund is exercised, thereby requiring the
Fund to sell the underlying security, the premium will increase
the amount realized upon the sale of the security and any
resulting gain or loss will be long-term or short-term,
depending upon the holding period of the security. With respect
to a put or call option that is purchased by the Fund, if the
option is sold, any resulting gain or loss will be a capital
gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending
upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires,
the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or
long-term, depending
28
upon the holding period for the option. If the option is
exercised, the cost of the option, in the case of a call option,
is added to the basis of the purchased security and, in the case
of a put option, reduces the amount realized on the underlying
security in determining gain or loss. Because the Fund does not
have control over the exercise of the call options it writes,
such exercises or other required sales of the underlying
securities may cause the Fund to realize capital gains or losses
at inopportune times.
The Funds transactions in foreign currencies, forward
contracts, options, futures contracts (including options and
futures contracts on foreign currencies) and short sales, to the
extent permitted, will be subject to special provisions of the
Code (including provisions relating to hedging
transactions, straddles and constructive
sales) that may, among other things, affect the character
of gains and losses realized by the Fund (i.e., may affect
whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital), accelerate
recognition of income to the Fund and defer Fund losses. These
rules could therefore affect the character, amount and timing of
distributions to common shareholders. Certain of these
provisions may also (a) require the Fund to mark-to-market
certain types of the positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat
them as if they were closed out at the end of each year),
(b) cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving
cash with which to pay dividends or make distributions in
amounts necessary to satisfy the distribution requirements for
avoiding income and excise taxes, (c) treat dividends that
would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income as
non-qualified dividend income and (d) treat dividends that
would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends-received
deduction as ineligible for such treatment.
The Funds investment in so-called section 1256
contracts, such as regulated futures contracts, most
foreign currency forward contracts traded in the interbank
market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special
tax rules. All section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at
the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their
market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions
will be included in the Funds income as if each position
had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the
taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with
any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in
section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year.
Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not
part of a hedging transaction nor part of a
straddle, 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will
be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and 40% of such
net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or
loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were
actually held by the Fund.
If the Fund purchases shares in certain foreign investment
entities, called passive foreign investment companies
(PFICs), the Fund may be subject to
U.S. federal income tax on a portion of any excess
distribution or gain from the disposition of such shares
even if such income is distributed as a taxable dividend by the
Fund to the shareholders. Additional charges in the nature of
interest may be imposed on the Fund in respect of deferred taxes
arising from such distributions or gains. Elections may be
available to the Fund to mitigate the effect of this tax, but
such elections generally accelerate the recognition of income
without the receipt of cash. Dividends paid by PFICs are not
treated as qualified dividend income, as discussed below under
Taxation of Shareholders.
If the Fund invests in the stock of a PFIC, or any other
investment that produces income that is not matched by a
corresponding cash distribution to the Fund, the Fund could be
required to recognize income that it has not yet received. Any
such income would be treated as income earned by the Fund and
therefore would be subject to the distribution requirements of
the Code. This might prevent the Fund from distributing 90% of
its net investment income as is required in order to avoid
Fund-level U.S. federal income taxation on all of its
income, or might prevent the Fund from distributing enough
ordinary income and capital gain net income to avoid completely
the imposition of the excise tax. To avoid this result, the Fund
may be required to borrow money or dispose of securities to be
able to make required distributions to the shareholders.
The Fund may invest in debt obligations purchased at a discount
with the result that the Fund may be required to accrue income
for U.S. federal income tax purposes before amounts due
under the obligations are paid. The Fund may also invest in
securities rated in the medium to lower rating categories of
nationally recognized rating organizations, and in unrated
securities (high yield securities). A portion of the
interest
29
payments on such high yield securities may be treated as
dividends for certain U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable
to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund
accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities
denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually
collects such income or receivables or pays such liabilities are
generally treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, gains
or losses on foreign currency forward contacts and the
disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign
currency, to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange
rates between the acquisition and disposition dates, are also
treated as ordinary income or loss.
Dividends or other income (including, in some cases, capital
gains) received by the Fund from investments in foreign
securities may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed
by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries
and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes in some
cases. If more than 50% of the Funds total assets at the
close of its taxable year consists of stock or securities of
foreign corporations, the Fund may elect for U.S. federal
income tax purposes to treat foreign income taxes paid by it as
paid by its shareholders. The Fund may qualify for and make this
election in some, but not necessarily all, of its taxable years.
If the Fund were to make such an election, shareholders of the
Fund would be required to take into account an amount equal to
their pro rata portions of such foreign taxes in computing their
taxable income and then treat an amount equal to those foreign
taxes as a U.S. federal income tax deduction or as a
foreign tax credit against their U.S. federal income
liability. Shortly after any year for which it makes such an
election, the Fund will report to its shareholders the amount
per share of such foreign income tax that must be included in
each shareholders gross income and the amount that may be
available for the deduction or credit.
Taxation
of Shareholders
The Fund will either distribute or retain for reinvestment all
or part of its net capital gain. If any such gain is retained,
the Fund will be subject to a tax of 35% of such amount. In that
event, the Fund expects to designate the retained amount as
undistributed capital gain in a notice to its shareholders, each
of whom (i) will be required to include in income for tax
purposes as long-term capital gain its share of such
undistributed amounts, (ii) will be entitled to credit its
proportionate share of the tax paid by the Fund against its
U.S. federal income tax liability and to claim refunds to
the extent that the credit exceeds such liability and
(iii) will increase its basis in its common shares of the
Fund by an amount equal to 65% of the amount of undistributed
capital gain included in such shareholders gross income.
Distributions paid by the Fund from its investment company
taxable income, which includes net short-term capital gain,
generally are taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the
Funds earnings and profits. Such distributions (if
designated by the Fund) may, however, qualify (provided holding
period and other requirements are met by both the Fund and the
shareholder) (i) for the dividends received deduction
available to corporations, but only to the extent that the
Funds income consists of dividend income from
U.S. corporations and (ii) in the case of individual
shareholders, as qualified dividend income eligible to be taxed
at a maximum rate of generally 15% (5% for individuals in lower
tax brackets) to the extent that the Fund receives qualified
dividend income. If the Funds qualified dividend income is
less than 95% of its gross income, a shareholder of the Fund may
only include as qualified dividend income that portion of the
dividends that may be and are so designated by the Fund as
qualified dividend income. These special rules relating to the
taxation of ordinary income dividends paid by RICs to individual
taxpayers generally apply to taxable years beginning on or
before December 31, 2010. Thereafter, the Funds
dividends, other than capital gains dividends, will be fully
taxable at ordinary income rates unless further Congressional
action is taken. There can be no assurance as to what portion of
the Funds distributions will qualify for favorable
treatment as qualified dividend income.
Qualified dividend income is, in general, dividend income from
taxable domestic corporations and certain qualified foreign
corporations (e.g., generally, foreign corporations incorporated
in a possession of the United States or in certain countries
with a qualifying comprehensive tax treaty with the United
States, or whose stock with respect to which such dividend is
paid is readily tradable on an established securities market in
the
30
United States). A qualified foreign corporation does not include
a foreign corporation that for the taxable year of the
corporation in which the dividend was paid, or the preceding
taxable year, is a passive foreign investment
company, as defined in the Code. If the Fund lends
portfolio securities, the amount received by the Fund that is
the equivalent of the dividends paid by the issuer on the
securities loaned will not be eligible for qualified dividend
income treatment.
Distributions of net capital gain designated as capital gain
distributions, if any, are taxable to shareholders at rates
applicable to long-term capital gain, whether paid in cash or in
stock, and regardless of how long the shareholder has held the
Funds common shares. Capital gain distributions are not
eligible for the dividends received deduction. The maximum
U.S. federal tax rate on net long-term capital gain of
individuals is generally 15% (5% for individuals in lower
brackets) for such gain realized before January 1, 2011.
Unrecaptured Section 1250 gain distributions, if any, will
be subject to a 25% tax. For non-corporate taxpayers, investment
company taxable income (other than qualified dividend income)
will currently be taxed at a maximum rate of 35%, while net
capital gain generally will be taxed at a maximum rate of 15%.
For corporate taxpayers, both investment company taxable income
and net capital gain are taxed at a maximum rate of 35%.
If, for any calendar year, the total distributions exceed both
current earnings and profits and accumulated earnings and
profits, the excess will generally be treated as a tax-free
return of capital up to the amount of a shareholders tax
basis in the common shares. The amount treated as a tax-free
return of capital will reduce a shareholders tax basis in
the common shares, thereby increasing such shareholders
potential gain or reducing his or her potential loss on the sale
of the common shares. Any amounts distributed to a shareholder
in excess of his or her basis in the common shares will be
taxable to the shareholder as capital gain (assuming your common
shares are held as a capital asset).
Shareholders may be entitled to offset their capital gain
distributions (but not distributions eligible for qualified
dividend income treatment) with capital loss. There are a number
of statutory provisions affecting when capital loss may be
offset against capital gain, and limiting the use of loss from
certain investments and activities. Accordingly, shareholders
with capital loss are urged to consult their tax advisers.
An investor should be aware that if Fund common shares are
purchased shortly before the record date for any taxable
distribution (including a capital gain dividend), the purchase
price likely will reflect the value of the distribution and the
investor then would receive a taxable distribution that is
likely to reduce the trading value of such Fund common shares,
in effect resulting in a taxable return of some of the purchase
price.
Certain types of income received by the Fund from real estate
investment trusts (REITs), real estate mortgage
investment conduits (REMICs), taxable mortgage pools
or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all
of its distributions as excess inclusion income. To
Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income will
(i) constitute taxable income, as unrelated business
taxable income (UBTI) for those shareholders
who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as individual retirement
accounts, 401(k) accounts, Keogh plans, pension plans and
certain charitable entities; (ii) not be offset against net
operating losses for tax purposes; (iii) not be eligible
for reduced U.S. withholding for
non-U.S. shareholders
even from tax treaty countries; and (iv) cause the Fund to
be subject to tax if certain disqualified
organizations, as defined by the Code (such as certain
governments or governmental agencies and charitable remainder
trusts), are Fund shareholders.
Upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of common shares, a
shareholder will generally realize a taxable gain or loss equal
to the difference between the amount of cash and the fair market
value of other property received and the shareholders
adjusted tax basis in the common shares. Such gain or loss will
be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the common
shares have been held for more than one year. Any loss realized
on a sale or exchange of common shares of the Fund will be
disallowed to the extent the common shares disposed of are
replaced by substantially identical common shares within a
61 day period beginning 30 days before and ending
30 days after the date that the common shares are disposed
of. In such a case, the basis of the common shares acquired will
be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
31
Any loss realized by a shareholder on the sale of Fund common
shares held by the shareholder for six months or less will be
treated for tax purposes as a long-term capital loss to the
extent of any capital gain distributions received by the
shareholder (or amounts credited to the shareholder as an
undistributed capital gain) with respect to such common shares.
Ordinary income distributions and capital gain distributions
also may be subject to state and local taxes. Shareholders are
urged to consult their own tax advisers regarding specific
questions about U.S. federal (including the application of
the alternative minimum tax rules), state, local or foreign tax
consequences to them of investing in the Fund.
A shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual or a
foreign corporation (a foreign investor) generally
will be subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30%
(or possibly a lower rate provided by an applicable tax treaty)
on ordinary income dividends (except as discussed below).
Different tax consequences may result if the foreign investor is
engaged in a trade or business in the United States or, in the
case of an individual, is present in the United States for
183 days or more during a taxable year and certain other
conditions are met. Foreign investors should consult their tax
advisors regarding the tax consequences of investing in the
Funds common shares.
In general, U.S. federal withholding tax will not apply to
any gain or income realized by a foreign investor in respect of
any distributions of net long-term capital gains over net
short-term capital losses, exempt-interest dividends, or upon
the sale or other disposition of common shares of the Fund.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2010,
properly-designated dividends are generally exempt from
U.S. federal withholding tax where they (i) are paid
in respect of the Funds qualified net interest
income (generally, the Funds U.S. source
interest income, other than certain contingent interest and
interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in
which the Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by
expenses that are allocable to such income) or (ii) are
paid in respect of the Funds qualified short-term
capital gains (generally, the excess of the Funds
net short-term capital gain over the Funds long-term
capital loss for such taxable year). However, depending on its
circumstances, the Fund may designate all, some or none of its
potentially eligible dividends as such qualified net interest
income or as qualified short-term capital gains,
and/or treat
such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this
exemption from withholding. In order to qualify for this
exemption from withholding, a foreign investor will need to
comply with applicable certification requirements relating to
its
non-U.S. status
(including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W 8BEN or
substitute Form). In the case of common shares held through an
intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund
designates the payment as qualified net interest income or
qualified short-term capital gain.
Foreign investors should contact their intermediaries with
respect to the application of these rules to their accounts.
There can be no assurance as to what portion of the Funds
distributions will qualify for favorable treatment as qualified
net interest income or qualified short-term capital gains.
Backup
Withholding
The Fund may be required to withhold U.S. federal income
tax on all taxable distributions and redemption proceeds payable
to non-corporate shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with
their correct taxpayer identification number or to make required
certifications, or who have been notified by the IRS that they
are subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an
additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be refunded or credited
against such shareholders U.S. federal income tax
liability, if any, provided that the required information is
furnished to the IRS.
The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the
applicable provisions of the Code and Treasury regulations
presently in effect. For the complete provisions, reference
should be made to the pertinent Code sections and the Treasury
regulations promulgated thereunder. The Code and the Treasury
regulations are subject to change by legislative, judicial or
administrative action, either prospectively or
32
retroactively. Persons considering an investment in shares
of the Fund should consult their own tax advisers regarding the
purchase, ownership and disposition of Fund shares.
GENERAL
INFORMATION
Book-Entry-Only
Issuance
The Depository Trust Company (DTC) will act as
securities depository for the common shares offered pursuant to
the prospectus. The information in this section concerning DTC
and DTCs book-entry system is based upon information
obtained from DTC. The securities offered hereby initially will
be issued only as fully-registered securities registered in the
name of Cede & Co. (as nominee for DTC). One or more
fully-registered global security certificates initially will be
issued, representing in the aggregate the total number of
securities, and deposited with DTC.
DTC is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New
York Banking Law, a banking organization within the
meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal
Reserve System, a clearing corporation within the
meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a
clearing agency registered pursuant to the
provisions of Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934. DTC holds securities that its participants deposit with
DTC. DTC also facilities the settlement among participants of
securities transactions, such as transfers and pledges, in
deposited securities through electronic computerized book-entry
changes in participants accounts, thereby eliminating the
need for physical movement of securities certificates. Direct
DTC participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks,
trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other
organizations. Access to the DTC system is also available to
others such as securities brokers and dealers, banks and trust
companies that clear through or maintain a custodial
relationship with a direct participant, either directly or
indirectly through other entities.
Purchases of securities within the DTC system must be made by or
through direct participants, which will receive a credit for the
securities on DTCs records. The ownership interest of each
actual purchaser of a security, a beneficial owner, is in turn
to be recorded on the direct or indirect participants
records. Beneficial owners will not receive written confirmation
from DTC of their purchases, but beneficial owners are expected
to receive written confirmations providing details of the
transactions, as well as periodic statements of their holdings,
from the direct or indirect participants through which the
beneficial owners purchased securities. Transfers of ownership
interests in securities are to be accomplished by entries made
on the books of participants acting on behalf of beneficial
owners. Beneficial owners will not receive certificates
representing their ownership interests in securities, except as
provided herein.
DTC has no knowledge of the actual beneficial owners of the
securities being offered pursuant to the prospectus; DTCs
records reflect only the identity of the direct participants to
whose accounts such securities are credited, which may or may
not be the beneficial owners. The participants will remain
responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of
their customers.
Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to direct
participants, by direct participants to indirect participants,
and by direct participants and indirect participants to
beneficial owners will be governed by arrangements among them,
subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in
effect from time to time.
Payments on the securities will be made to DTC. DTCs
practice is to credit direct participants accounts on the
relevant payment date in accordance with their respective
holdings shown on DTCs records unless DTC has reason to
believe that it will not receive payments on such payment date.
Payments by participants to beneficial owners will be governed
by standing instructions and customary practices and will be the
responsibility of such participant and not of DTC or the Fund,
subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in
effect from time to time. Payment of distributions to DTC is the
responsibility of the Fund, disbursement of such payments to
direct participants is the responsibility of DTC, and
disbursement of such payments to the beneficial owners is the
responsibility of direct and indirect participants. Furthermore
each beneficial owner must rely on the procedures of DTC to
exercise any rights under the securities.
33
DTC may discontinue providing its services as securities
depository with respect to the securities at any time by giving
reasonable notice to the Fund. Under such circumstances, in the
event that a successor securities depository is not obtained,
certificates representing the securities will be printed and
delivered.
Proxy
Voting Procedures
The Fund has adopted the proxy voting procedures of the
Investment Adviser and has directed the Investment Adviser to
vote all proxies relating to the Funds voting securities
in accordance with such procedures. The proxy voting procedures
are attached. They are also on file with the SEC and can be
reviewed and copied at the SECs Public Reference Room in
Washington, D.C., and information on the operation of the
Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at
202-551-8090.
The proxy voting procedures are also available on the EDGAR
Database on the SECs internet site
(http://www.sec.gov)
and copies of the proxy voting procedures may be obtained, after
paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the follow
E-mail
address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SECs Public
Reference Section, Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
Code of
Ethics
The Fund and the Investment Adviser have adopted a code of
ethics. This code of ethics sets forth restrictions on the
trading activities of Trustees/directors, officers and employees
of the Fund, the Investment Adviser and their affiliates. For
example, such persons may not purchase any security for which
the Fund has a purchase or sale order pending, or for which such
trade is under consideration. In addition, those
trustees/directors, officers and employees that are principally
involved in investment decisions for client accounts are
prohibited from purchasing or selling for their own account for
a period of seven days a security that has been traded for a
clients account, unless such trade is executed on more
favorable terms for the clients account and it is
determined that such trade will not adversely affect the
clients account. Short-term trading by such
Trustee/directors, officers and employees for their own accounts
in securities held by a Fund clients account is also
restricted. The above examples are subject to certain exceptions
and they do not represent all of the trading restrictions and
policies set forth by the code of ethics. The code of ethics is
on file with the SEC and can be reviewed and copied at the
SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C., and
information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be
obtained by calling the SEC at
(202) 942-8090.
The code of ethics is also available on the EDGAR Database on
the SECs Internet site at
http://www.sec.gov,
and copies of the code of ethics may be obtained, after paying a
duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following
E-mail
address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SECs Public
Reference Section, Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
Joint
Code of Ethics for Chief Executive and Senior Financial
Officers
The Fund and the Investment Adviser have adopted a joint Code of
Ethics that serves as a code of conduct. The Code of Ethics sets
forth policies to guide the chief executive and senior financial
officers in the performance of their duties. The code of ethics
is on file with the SEC and can be reviewed and copied at the
SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C., and
information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be
obtained by calling the SEC at
202-551-8090.
The Code of Ethics is also available on the EDGAR Database on
the SECs Internet site
(http://www.sec.gov),
and copies of the Code of Ethics may be obtained, after paying a
duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following
E-mail
address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SECs Public
Reference Section, Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
Financial
Statements
The audited financial statements included in the annual report
to the Funds shareholders for the year ended
December 31, 2008, together with the report of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for the Funds annual report,
are incorporated herein by reference to the Funds annual
report to shareholders. All other portions of the annual report
to shareholders are not incorporated herein by reference and are
not part of the registration statement, the SAI, the Prospectus
or any Prospectus Supplement.
34
APPENDIX A
GAMCO
INVESTORS, INC. AND AFFILIATES
THE
VOTING OF PROXIES ON BEHALF OF CLIENTS
Rules 204(4)-2
and 204-2
under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and
Rule 30b1-4
under the Investment Company Act of 1940 require investment
advisers to adopt written policies and procedures governing the
voting of proxies on behalf of their clients.
These procedures will be used by GAMCO Asset Management Inc.,
Gabelli Funds, LLC, Gabelli Securities, Inc., and Gabelli
Advisers, Inc. (collectively, the Advisers) to
determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities
held by their clients, including the procedures that the
Advisers use when a vote presents a conflict between the
interests of the shareholders of an investment company managed
by one of the Advisers, on the one hand, and those of the
Advisers the principal underwriter, or any affiliated person of
the investment company, the Advisers, or the principal
underwriter. These procedures will not apply where the Advisers
do not have voting discretion or where the Advisers have agreed
to with a client to vote the clients proxies in accordance
with specific guidelines or procedures supplied by the client
(to the extent permitted by ERISA).
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I.
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Proxy
Voting Committee
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The Proxy Voting Committee was originally formed in April 1989
for the purpose of formulating guidelines and reviewing proxy
statements within the parameters set by the substantive proxy
voting guidelines originally published by GAMCO Investors, Inc.
in 1988 and updated periodically, a copy of which are appended
as Exhibit A. The Committee will include representatives of
Research, Administration, Legal, and the Advisers. Additional or
replacement members of the Committee will be nominated by the
Chairman and voted upon by the entire Committee.
Meetings are held on an as needed basis to form views on the
manner in which the Advisers should vote proxies on behalf of
their clients.
In general, the Director of Proxy Voting Services, using the
Proxy Guidelines, recommendations of Institutional Shareholder
Corporate Governance Service (ISS), other
third-party services, and the analysts of Gabelli &
Company, Inc., will determine how to vote on each issue. For
non-controversial matters, the Director of Proxy Voting Services
may vote the proxy if the vote is (1) consistent with the
recommendations of the issuers Board of Directors and not
contrary to the Proxy Guidelines; (2) consistent with the
recommendations of the issuers Board of Directors and is a
non-controversial issue not covered by the Proxy Guidelines; or
(3) the vote is contrary to the recommendations of the
Board of Directors but is consistent with the Proxy Guidelines.
In those instances, the Director of Proxy Voting Services or the
Chairman of the Committee may sign and date the proxy statement
indicating how each issue will be voted.
All matters identified by the Chairman of the Committee, the
Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Legal Department as
controversial, taking into account the recommendations of ISS or
other third party services and the analysts of
Gabelli & Company, Inc., will be presented to the
Proxy Voting Committee. If the Chairman of the Committee, the
Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Legal Department has
identified the matter as one that (1) is controversial;
(2) would benefit from deliberation by the Proxy Voting
Committee; or (3) may give rise to a conflict of interest
between the Advisers and their clients, the Chairman of the
Committee will initially determine what vote to recommend that
the Advisers should cast and the matter will go before the
Committee.
A. Conflicts of Interest.
The Advisers have implemented these proxy voting procedures in
order to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing their
proxy voting decisions. By following the Proxy Guidelines, as
well as the recommendations of ISS, other third-party services
and the analysts of Gabelli & Company, the Advisers
are
A-1
able to avoid, wherever possible, the influence of potential
conflicts of interest. Nevertheless, circumstances may arise in
which one or more of the Advisers are faced with a conflict of
interest or the appearance of a conflict of interest in
connection with its vote. In general, a conflict of interest may
arise when an Adviser knowingly does business with an issuer,
and may appear to have a material conflict between its own
interests and the interests of the shareholders of an investment
company managed by one of the Advisers regarding how the proxy
is to be voted. A conflict also may exist when an Adviser has
actual knowledge of a material business arrangement between an
issuer and an affiliate of the Adviser.
In practical terms, a conflict of interest may arise, for
example, when a proxy is voted for a company that is a client of
one of the Advisers, such as GAMCO Asset Management Inc. A
conflict also may arise when a client of one of the Advisers has
made a shareholder proposal in a proxy to be voted upon by one
or more of the Advisers. The Director of Proxy Voting Services,
together with the Legal Department, will scrutinize all proxies
for these or other situations that may give rise to a conflict
of interest with respect to the voting of proxies.
B. Operation of Proxy Voting Committee
For matters submitted to the Committee, each member of the
Committee will receive, prior to the meeting, a copy of the
proxy statement, any relevant third party research, a summary of
any views provided by the Chief Investment Officer and any
recommendations by Gabelli & Company, Inc. analysts.
The Chief Investment Officer or the Gabelli & Company,
Inc. analysts may be invited to present their viewpoints. If the
Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Legal Department
believe that the matter before the committee is one with respect
to which a conflict of interest may exist between the Advisers
and their clients, counsel will provide an opinion to the
Committee concerning the conflict. If the matter is one in which
the interests of the clients of one or more of Advisers may
diverge, counsel will so advise and the Committee may make
different recommendations as to different clients. For any
matters where the recommendation may trigger appraisal rights,
counsel will provide an opinion concerning the likely risks and
merits of such an appraisal action.
Each matter submitted to the Committee will be determined by the
vote of a majority of the members present at the meeting. Should
the vote concerning one or more recommendations be tied in a
vote of the Committee, the Chairman of the Committee will cast
the deciding vote. The Committee will notify the proxy
department of its decisions and the proxies will be voted
accordingly.
Although the Proxy Guidelines express the normal preferences for
the voting of any shares not covered by a contrary investment
guideline provided by the client, the Committee is not bound by
the preferences set forth in the Proxy Guidelines and will
review each matter on its own merits. Written minutes of all
Proxy Voting Committee meetings will be maintained. The Advisers
subscribe to ISS, which supplies current information on
companies, matters being voted on, regulations, trends in proxy
voting and information on corporate governance issues.
If the vote cast either by the analyst or as a result of the
deliberations of the Proxy Voting Committee runs contrary to the
recommendation of the Board of Directors of the issuer, the
matter will be referred to legal counsel to determine whether an
amendment to the most recently filed Schedule 13D is
appropriate.
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II.
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Social
Issues and Other Client Guidelines
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If a client has provided special instructions relating to the
voting of proxies, they should be noted in the clients
account file and forwarded to the proxy department. This is the
responsibility of the investment professional or sales assistant
for the client. In accordance with Department of Labor
guidelines, the Advisers policy is to vote on behalf of
ERISA accounts in the best interest of the plan participants
with regard to social issues that carry an economic impact.
Where an account is not governed by ERISA, the Advisers will
vote shares held on behalf of the client in a manner consistent
with any individual investment/voting guidelines provided by the
client. Otherwise the Advisers will abstain with respect to
those shares.
A-2
III. Client
Retention of Voting Rights
If a client chooses to retain the right to vote proxies or if
there is any change in voting authority, the following should be
notified by the investment professional or sales assistant for
the client.
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Operations
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Legal Department
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Proxy Department
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Investment professional assigned to the account
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In the event that the Board of Directors (or a Committee
thereof) of one or more of the investment companies managed by
one of the Advisers has retained direct voting control over any
security, the Proxy Voting Department will provide each Board
Member (or Committee member) with a copy of the proxy statement
together with any other relevant information including
recommendations of ISS or other third-party services.
The Proxy Voting Department will retain a record of matters
voted upon by the Advisers for their clients. The Advisers
staff may request proxy voting records for use in presentations
to current or prospective clients. Requests for proxy voting
records should be made at least ten days prior to client
meetings.
If a client wishes to receive a proxy voting record on a
quarterly, semi-annual or annual basis, please notify the Proxy
Voting Department. The reports will be available for mailing
approximately ten days after the quarter end of the period.
First quarter reports may be delayed since the end of the
quarter falls during the height of the proxy season.
A letter is sent to the custodians for all clients for which the
Advisers have voting responsibility instructing them to forward
all proxy materials to:
[Adviser name]
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Attn:
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Proxy Voting Department One Corporate Center
Rye, New York
10580-1433
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The sales assistant sends the letters to the custodians along
with the trading/DTC instructions. Proxy voting records will be
retained in compliance with
Rule 204-2
under the Investment Advisers Act.
1. Custodian banks, outside brokerage firms and First
Clearing Corporation are responsible for forwarding proxies
directly to GAMCO.
Proxies are received in one of two forms:
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Shareholder Vote Authorization Forms (VAFs)Issued by ADP.
VAFs must be voted through the issuing institution causing a
time lag. ADP is an outside service contracted by the various
institutions to issue proxy materials.
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Proxy cards which may be voted directly.
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2. Upon receipt of the proxy, the number of shares each
form represents is logged into the proxy system according to
security.
3. In the case of a discrepancy such as an incorrect number
of shares, an improperly signed or dated card, wrong class of
security, etc., the issuing custodian is notified by phone. A
corrected proxy is requested. Arrangements are made to insure
that a proper proxy is received in time to be voted (overnight
delivery, fax, etc.). When securities are out on loan on record
date, the custodian is requested to supply written verification.
A-3
4. Upon receipt of instructions from the proxy committee
(see Administrative), the votes are cast and recorded for each
account on an individual basis.
Since January 1, 1992, records have been maintained on the
Proxy Edge system. The system is backed up regularly. From 1990
through 1991, records were maintained on the PROXY VOTER system
and in hardcopy format. Prior to 1990, records were maintained
on diskette and in hardcopy format.
PROXY EDGE RECORDS INCLUDE:
Security Name and Cusip Number
Date and Type of Meeting (Annual, Special, Contest) Client
Name
Adviser or Fund Account Number
Directors Recommendation
How GAMCO voted for the client on each issue The rationale for
the vote when it is appropriate
RECORDS PRIOR TO THE INSTITUTION OF THE PROXY EDGE SYSTEM
INCLUDE:
Security name
Type of Meeting (Annual, Special, Contest)
Date of Meeting
Name of Custodian
Name of Client
Custodian Account Number
Adviser or Fund Account Number
Directors recommendation
How the Adviser voted for the client on each issue
Date the proxy statement was received and by whom Name of person
posting the vote
Date and method by which the vote was cast
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From these records individual client proxy voting records are
compiled. It is our policy to provide institutional clients with
a proxy voting record during client reviews. In addition, we
will supply a proxy voting record at the request of the client
on a quarterly, semi-annual or annual basis.
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5. VAFs are kept alphabetically by security. Records for
the current proxy season are located in the Proxy Voting
Department office. In preparation for the upcoming season, files
are transferred to an offsite storage facility during
January/February.
6. Shareholder Vote Authorization Forms issued by ADP are
always sent directly to a specific individual at ADP.
7. If a proxy card or VAF is received too late to be voted
in the conventional matter, every attempt is made to vote on one
of the following ways:
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VAFs can be faxed to ADP up until the time of the meeting. This
is followed up by the mailing of the original form.
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When a solicitor has been retained, that person is called. At
the solicitors direction, the proxy is faxed.
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8. In the case of a proxy contest, records are maintained
for each opposing entity.
a) At times it may be necessary to vote the shares in
person. In this case, a legal proxy is obtained in
the following manner:
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Banks and brokerage firms using the services at ADP:
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The back of the VAF is stamped indicating that we wish to vote
in person. The forms are then sent overnight to ADP. ADP issues
individual legal proxies and sends them back via overnight (or
the Adviser can
A-4
pay messenger charges). Lead time of at least two weeks prior to
the meeting is needed to do this. Alternatively, the procedures
detailed below for banks not using ADP may be implemented.
Banks and brokerage firms issuing proxies directly:
The bank is called
and/or faxed
and a legal proxy is requested. All legal proxies should
appoint:
REPRESENTATIVE OF [ADVISER NAME] WITH FULL POWER OF
SUBSTITUTION.
b) The legal proxies are given to the person attending the
meeting, along with the following supplemental material:
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A limited Power of Attorney appointing the attendee an Adviser
representative.
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A list of all shares being voted by custodian only. Client names
and account numbers are not included. This list must be
presented, along with the proxies, to the Inspectors of
Elections
and/or
tabulator at least one-half hour prior to the scheduled start of
the meeting. The tabulator must qualify the votes
(i.e. determine if the votes have previously been cast, if the
votes have been rescinded, etc.).
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A sample ERISA and Individual contract.
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A sample of the annual authorization to vote proxies form.
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A copy of our most recent Schedule 13D filing (if
applicable).
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A-5
Exhibit A
Proxy
Guidelines
PROXY
VOTING GUIDELINES
GENERAL
POLICY STATEMENT
It is the policy of GAMCO Investors, Inc. to vote in the
best economic interests of our clients. As we state in our Magna
Carta of Shareholders Rights, established in May 1988, we are
neither for nor against management. We are for
shareholders.
At our first proxy committee meeting in 1989, it was decided
that each proxy statement should be evaluated on its own merits
within the framework first established by our Magna Carta of
Shareholders Rights. The attached guidelines serve to enhance
that broad framework.
We do not consider any issue routine. We take into consideration
all of our research on the company, its directors, and their
short and long-term goals for the company. In cases where issues
that we generally do not approve of are combined with other
issues, the negative aspects of the issues will be factored into
the evaluation of the overall proposals but will not necessitate
a vote in opposition to the overall proposals.
Board of
Directors
The Advisers do not consider the election of the Board of
Directors a routine issue. Each slate of directors is evaluated
on a
case-by-case
basis.
Factors taken into consideration include:
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Historical responsiveness to shareholders
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This may include such areas as:
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Paying greenmail
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Failure to adopt shareholder resolutions receiving a majority of
shareholder votes
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Qualifications
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Nominating committee in place
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Number of outside directors on the board
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Attendance at meetings
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Overall performance
Selection
of Auditors
In general, we support the Board of Directors
recommendation for auditors.
Blank
Check Preferred Stock
We oppose the issuance of blank check preferred stock.
Blank check preferred stock allows the company to issue stock
and establish dividends, voting rights, etc. without further
shareholder approval.
Classified
Board
A classified board is one where the directors are divided into
classes with overlapping terms. A different class is elected at
each annual meeting.
A-6
While a classified board promotes continuity of directors
facilitating long range planning, we feel directors should be
accountable to shareholders on an annual basis. We will look at
this proposal on a
case-by-case
basis taking into consideration the boards historical
responsiveness to the rights of shareholders.
Where a classified board is in place we will generally not
support attempts to change to an annually elected board.
When an annually elected board is in place, we generally will
not support attempts to classify the board.
Increase
Authorized Common Stock
The request to increase the amount of authorized shares is
considered on a
case-by-case
basis.
Factors taken into consideration include:
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Future use of additional shares
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Stock split
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Stock option or other executive compensation plan
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Finance growth of company/strengthen balance sheet
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Aid in restructuring
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Improve credit rating
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Implement a poison pill or other takeover defense
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Amount of stock currently authorized but not yet issued or
reserved for stock option plans
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Amount of additional stock to be authorized and its dilutive
effect
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We will support this proposal if a detailed and verifiable plan
for the use of the additional shares is contained in the proxy
statement.
Confidential
Ballot
We support the idea that a shareholders identity and vote
should be treated with confidentiality.
However, we look at this issue on a
case-by-case
basis.
In order to promote confidentiality in the voting process, we
endorse the use of independent Inspectors of Election.
Cumulative
Voting
In general, we support cumulative voting.
Cumulative voting is a process by which a shareholder may
multiply the number of directors being elected by the number of
shares held on record date and cast the total number for one
candidate or allocate the voting among two or more candidates.
Where cumulative voting is in place, we will vote against any
proposal to rescind this shareholder right.
Cumulative voting may result in a minority block of stock
gaining representation on the board. When a proposal is made to
institute cumulative voting, the proposal will be reviewed on a
case-by-case
basis. While we feel that each board member should represent all
shareholders, cumulative voting provides minority shareholders
an opportunity to have their views represented.
A-7
Director
Liability and Indemnification
We support efforts to attract the best possible directors by
limiting the liability and increasing the indemnification of
directors, except in the case of insider dealing.
Equal
Access to the Proxy
The SECs rules provide for shareholder resolutions.
However, the resolutions are limited in scope and there is a 500
word limit on proponents written arguments. Management has
no such limitations. While we support equal access to the proxy,
we would look at such variables as length of time required to
respond, percentage of ownership, etc.
Fair
Price Provisions
Charter provisions requiring a bidder to pay all shareholders a
fair price are intended to prevent two-tier tender offers that
may be abusive. Typically, these provisions do not apply to
board-approved transactions.
We support fair price provisions because we feel all
shareholders should be entitled to receive the same benefits.
Reviewed on a
case-by-case
basis.
Golden
Parachutes
Golden parachutes are severance payments to top executives who
are terminated or demoted after a takeover.
We support any proposal that would assure management of its own
welfare so that they may continue to make decisions in the best
interest of the company and shareholders even if the decision
results in them losing their job. We do not, however, support
excessive golden parachutes. Therefore, each proposal will be
decided on a case-by-case basis.
Note: Congress has imposed a tax on any
parachute that is more than three times the executives
average annual compensation.
Anti-Greenmail
Proposals
We do not support greenmail. An offer extended to one
shareholder should be extended to all shareholders equally
across the board.
Limit
Shareholders Rights to Call Special Meetings
We support the right of shareholders to call a special meeting.
Consideration
of Nonfinancial Effects of a Merger
This proposal releases the directors from only looking at the
financial effects of a merger and allows them the opportunity to
consider the mergers effects on employees, the community,
and consumers.
As a fiduciary, we are obligated to vote in the best economic
interests of our clients. In general, this proposal does not
allow us to do that. Therefore, we generally cannot support this
proposal.
Reviewed on a
case-by-case
basis.
Mergers,
Buyouts, Spin-Offs, Restructurings
Each of the above is considered on a
case-by-case
basis. According to the Department of Labor, we are not required
to vote for a proposal simply because the offering price is at a
premium to the current market price. We may take into
consideration the long term interests of the shareholders.
A-8
Military
Issues
Shareholder proposals regarding military production must be
evaluated on a purely economic set of criteria for our ERISA
clients. As such, decisions will be made on a
case-by-case
basis.
In voting on this proposal for our non-ERISA clients, we
will vote according to the clients direction when
applicable. Where no direction has been given, we will vote in
the best economic interests of our clients. It is not our duty
to impose our social judgment on others.
Northern
Ireland
Shareholder proposals requesting the signing of the MacBride
principles for the purpose of countering the discrimination of
Catholics in hiring practices must be evaluated on a purely
economic set of criteria for our ERISA clients. As such,
decisions will be made on a
case-by-case
basis.
In voting on this proposal for our non-ERISA clients, we
will vote according to client direction when applicable. Where
no direction has been given, we will vote in the best economic
interests of our clients. It is not our duty to impose our
social judgment on others.
Opt Out
of State Anti-Takeover Law
This shareholder proposal requests that a company opt out of the
coverage of the states anti-takeover statutes. Example:
Delaware law requires that a buyer must acquire at least 85% of
the companys stock before the buyer can exercise control
unless the board approves.
We consider this on a
case-by-case
basis. Our decision will be based on the following:
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State of Incorporation
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Management history of responsiveness to shareholders
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Other mitigating factors
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Poison
Pill
In general, we do not endorse poison pills.
In certain cases where management has a history of being
responsive to the needs of shareholders and the stock is very
liquid, we will reconsider this position.
Reincorporation
Generally, we support reincorporation for well-defined business
reasons. We oppose reincorporation if proposed solely for the
purpose of reincorporating in a state with more stringent
anti-takeover statutes that may negatively impact the value of
the stock.
Stock
Option Plans
Stock option plans are an excellent way to attract, hold and
motivate directors and employees. However, each stock option
plan must be evaluated on its own merits, taking into
consideration the following:
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Dilution of voting power or earnings per share by more than 10%
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Kind of stock to be awarded, to whom, when and how much
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Method of payment
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Amount of stock already authorized but not yet issued under
existing stock option plans
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A-9
Supermajority
Vote Requirements
Supermajority vote requirements in a companys charter or
bylaws require a level of voting approval in excess of a simple
majority of the outstanding shares. In general, we oppose
supermajority-voting requirements. Supermajority requirements
often exceed the average level of shareholder participation. We
support proposals approvals by a simple majority of the
shares voting.
Limit
Shareholders Right to Act By Written Consent
Written consent allows shareholders to initiate and carry on a
shareholder action without having to wait until the next annual
meeting or to call a special meeting. It permits action to be
taken by the written consent of the same percentage of the
shares that would be required to effect proposed action at a
shareholder meeting.
Reviewed on a
case-by-case
basis.
A-10
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
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Item 25.
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Financial
Statements and Exhibits
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(1) Financial Statements
Part A
None
Part B
The following statements of the Registrant are incorporated by
reference in Part B of the Registration Statement:
Schedule of Investments at December 31, 2008
Statement of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2008
Statement of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2008
Statement of Changes in Net Assets
Notes to Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
(2) Exhibits
(a) (i) Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration
of Trust of Registrant (2)
(ii) Statement of Preferences of Series A Cumulative
Preferred Shares (6)
(b) By-Laws of Registrant (1)
(c) Not applicable
(d) (i) Form of Specimen Common Share Certificate (3)
(ii) Form of Specimen Preferred Share Certificate (6)
(e) Included in Prospectus
(f) Not applicable
(g) Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between
Registrant and Gabelli Funds, LLC (3)
(h) (i) Form of Purchase Agreement (6)
(ii) Form of Selling Agreement (7)
(i) Not applicable
(j) Form of Custodian Agreement (3)
(k) Form of Registrar, Transfer Agency and Service
Agreement (3)
|
|
|
|
(l) (i)
|
Opinion and Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher &
Flom LLP with respect to legality of preferred stock (6)
|
|
|
|
|
(ii)
|
Opinion and Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher &
Flom LLP with respect to legality of common stock (7)
|
(m) Not applicable
(n) (i) Consent of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm (8)
(ii) Powers of Attorney (5)
(o) Not applicable
(p) Form of Initial Subscription Agreement (4)
(q) Not applicable
(r) (i) Code of Ethics of the Fund and the Investment
Adviser (5)
(ii) Joint Code of Ethics for Chief Executive and Senior
Financial Officers (5)
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Previously filed with the Registration Statement on
Form N-2
filed on January 12, 2005
(333-121998). |
|
(2) |
|
Previously filed with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the
Registration Statement on
Form N-2
filed on February 24, 2005
(333-121998). |
|
(3) |
|
Previously filed with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the
Registration Statement as
Form N-2
filed on March 23, 2005
(333-121998). |
|
(4) |
|
Previously filed with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 to the
Registration Statement as
Form N-2
filed on March 24, 2005
(333-121998). |
|
(5) |
|
Previously filed with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the
Registration Statement as
Form N-2
filed on September 20, 2007
(333-121998). |
|
(6) |
|
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the
Registration Statement as Form N-2 filed on October 12,
2007 (333-143009). |
|
(7) |
|
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the
Registration Statement as Form N-2 filed on January 16,
2009 (333-143009). |
|
(8) |
|
Filed herewith. |
|
|
Item 26.
|
Marketing
Arrangements
|
The information contained under the heading Plan of
Distribution on page 54 of the Prospectus is
incorporated by reference, and any information concerning any
underwriters will be contained in the accompanying Prospectus
Supplement, if any.
|
|
Item 27.
|
Other
Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
|
The following table sets forth the estimated expenses to be
incurred in connection with the offering described in this
Registration Statement:
|
|
|
|
|
Exchange listing fee
|
|
$
|
45,000
|
|
Printing expenses
|
|
|
89,000
|
|
Accounting fees
|
|
|
200,000
|
|
Legal fees
|
|
|
386,000
|
|
Blue Sky fees
|
|
|
35,500
|
|
Rating Agency Fee
|
|
|
35,000
|
|
SEC Registration Fee
|
|
|
13,000
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
|
|
21,500
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
825,000
|
|
|
|
Item 28.
|
Persons
Controlled by or Under Common Control with
Registrant
|
None
|
|
Item 29.
|
Number
of Holders of Securities as of March 31, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Record
|
Title of Class
|
|
Holders
|
|
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest
|
|
|
64
|
|
Series A Cumulative Preferred Shares
|
|
|
0
|
|
Article IV of the Registrants Agreement and
Declaration of Trust provides as follows:
4.1 No Personal Liability of Shareholders, Trustees, etc.
No Shareholder of the Trust shall be subject in such capacity to
any personal liability whatsoever to any Person in connection
with Trust Property or the acts, obligations or affairs of
the Trust. Shareholders shall have the same limitation of
personal liability as is extended to stockholders of a private
corporation for profit incorporated under the general
corporation law of the State of Delaware. No Trustee or officer
of the Trust shall be subject in such capacity to any personal
liability whatsoever to any Person, other than the Trust or its
Shareholders, in connection with Trust Property or the
affairs of the Trust, save only liability to the Trust or its
Shareholders arising from bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross
negligence or reckless disregard for his duty to such Person;
and, subject to the foregoing exception, all such Persons shall
look solely to the Trust Property for satisfaction of
claims of any nature arising in connection with the affairs of
the Trust. If any Shareholder, Trustee or officer, as such, of
the Trust, is made a party to any suit or proceeding to enforce
any such liability, subject to the foregoing exception, he shall
not, on account thereof, be held to any personal liability.
4.2 Mandatory Indemnification. (a) The Trust shall
indemnify the Trustees and officers of the Trust (each such
person being an indemnitee) against any liabilities
and expenses, including amounts paid in satisfaction of
judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties, and
reasonable counsel fees reasonably incurred by such indemnitee
in connection with the defense or disposition of any action,
suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, before any
court or administrative or investigative body in which he may be
or may have been involved as a party or otherwise (other than,
except as authorized by the Trustees, as the plaintiff or
complainant) or with which he may be or may have been
threatened, while acting in any capacity set forth above in this
Section 4.2 by reason of his having acted in any such
capacity, except with respect to any matter as to which he shall
not have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his
action was in the best interest of the Trust or, in the case of
any criminal proceeding, as to which he shall have had
reasonable cause to believe that the conduct was unlawful,
provided, however, that no indemnitee shall be indemnified
hereunder against any liability to any person or any expense of
such indemnitee arising by reason of (i) willful
misfeasance, (ii) bad faith, (iii) gross negligence
(negligence in the case of Affiliated Indemnitees), or
(iv) reckless disregard of the duties involved in the
conduct of his position (the conduct referred to in such
clauses (i) through (iv) being sometimes referred to
herein as disabling conduct). Notwithstanding the
foregoing, with respect to any action, suit or other proceeding
voluntarily prosecuted by any indemnitee as plaintiff,
indemnification shall be mandatory only if the prosecution of
such action, suit or other proceeding by such indemnitee was
authorized by a majority of the Trustees.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no indemnification shall
be made hereunder unless there has been a determination
(1) by a final decision on the merits by a court or other
body of competent jurisdiction before whom the issue of
entitlement to indemnification hereunder was brought that such
indemnitee is entitled to indemnification hereunder or,
(2) in the absence of such a decision, by (i) a
majority vote of a quorum of those Trustees who are neither
Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the proceeding
(Disinterested Non-Party Trustees), that the
indemnitee is entitled to indemnification hereunder, or
(ii) if such quorum is not obtainable or even if
obtainable, if such majority so directs, independent legal
counsel in a written opinion conclude that the indemnitee should
be entitled to indemnification hereunder. All determinations to
make advance payments in connection with the expense of
defending any proceeding shall be authorized and made in
accordance with the immediately succeeding paragraph
(c) below.
(c) The Trust shall make advance payments in connection
with the expenses of defending any action with respect to which
indemnification might be sought hereunder if the Trust receives
a written affirmation by the indemnitee of the indemnitees
good faith belief that the standards of conduct necessary for
indemnification have been met and a written undertaking to
reimburse the Trust unless it is subsequently determined that he
is entitled to such indemnification and if a majority of the
Trustees determine that the applicable standards of conduct
necessary for indemnification appear to have been met. In
addition, at least one of the following conditions must be met:
(1) the indemnitee shall provide adequate security for his
undertaking, (2) the Trust shall be insured against losses
arising by reason of any lawful advances, or (3) a majority
of a quorum of the Disinterested Non-Party Trustees, or if a
majority vote of such quorum so direct, independent legal
counsel in a written opinion, shall conclude, based on a review
of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type
inquiry), that there is substantial reason to believe that the
indemnitee ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification.
(d) The rights accruing to any indemnitee under these
provisions shall not exclude any other right to which he may be
lawfully entitled.
(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing, subject to any
limitations provided by the 1940 Act and this Declaration, the
Trust shall have the power and authority to indemnify Persons
providing services to the Trust to the full extent provided by
law as if the Trust were a corporation organized under the
Delaware General Corporation Law provided that such
indemnification has been approved by a majority of the Trustees.
4.3 No Duty of Investigation; Notice in
Trust Instruments, etc. No purchaser, lender, transfer
agent or other person dealing with the Trustees or with any
officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall be bound to make
any inquiry concerning the validity of any transaction
purporting to be made by the Trustees or by said officer,
employee or agent or be liable for the application of money or
property paid, loaned, or delivered to or on the order of the
Trustees or of said officer, employee or agent. Every
obligation, contract, undertaking, instrument, certificate,
Share, other security of the Trust, and every other act or thing
whatsoever executed in connection with the Trust shall be
conclusively taken to have been executed or done by the
executors thereof only in their capacity as Trustees under this
Declaration or in their capacity as officers, employees or
agents of the Trust. The Trustees may maintain insurance for the
protection of the Trust Property, its Shareholders,
Trustees, officers, employees and agents in such amount as the
Trustees shall deem adequate to cover possible liability, and
such other insurance as the Trustees in their sole judgment
shall deem advisable or is required by the 1940 Act.
4.4 Reliance on Experts, etc. Each Trustee and officer or
employee of the Trust shall, in the performance of its duties,
be fully and completely justified and protected with regard to
any act or any failure to act resulting from reliance in good
faith upon the books of account or other records of the Trust,
upon an opinion of counsel, or upon reports made to the Trust by
any of the Trusts officers or employees or by any advisor,
administrator, manager, distributor, selected dealer,
accountant, appraiser or other expert or consultant selected
with reasonable care by the Trustees, officers or employees of
the Trust, regardless of whether such counsel or other person
may also be a Trustee.
|
|
Item 31.
|
Business
and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
|
The Investment Adviser, a limited liability company organized
under the laws of the State of New York, acts as investment
adviser to the Registrant. The Registrant is fulfilling the
requirement of this Item 31 to provide a list of the
officers and Trustees of the Investment Adviser, together with
information as to any other business, profession, vocation or
employment of a substantial nature engaged in by the Investment
Adviser or those officers and Trustees during the past two
years, by incorporating by reference the information contained
in the Form ADV of the Investment Adviser filed with the
commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940
(Commission File
No. 801-26202).
|
|
Item 32.
|
Location
of Accounts and Records
|
The accounts and records of the Registrant are maintained in
part at the office of the Investment Adviser at One Corporate
Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422,
in part at the offices of the Funds custodian, Mellon, at
185 Santilli Highway, Everett, Massachusetts 01249, in part at
the offices of the Funds sub-administrator, PNC Global
Investment Servicing, at 760 Moore Road, King of Prussia, PA
19406, and in part at the offices of the Funds transfer
agent, American Stock Transfer, at 59 Maiden Lane, New York, NY
10038.
|
|
Item 33.
|
Management
Services
|
Not applicable.
1. Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of shares
until the prospectus is amended, if subsequent to the effective
date of this Registration Statement, its net asset value
declines more than ten percent from its net asset value, as of
the effective date of the Registration Statement or its net
asset value increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds
as stated in the prospectus.
2. Not applicable.
3. Not applicable.
4. Registrant hereby undertakes:
(a) to file, during and period in which offers or sales are
being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration
Statement:
(1) to include any prospectus required by
Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
(2) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after
the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most
recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or
in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the
information set forth in the Registration Statement; and
(3) to include any material information with respect to the
plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the
Registration Statement or any material change to such
information in the Registration Statement.
(b) that for the purpose of determining any liability under
the Securities Act of 1933 (the 1933 Act), each
post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;
(c) to remove from registration by means of a
post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered
which remain unsold at the termination of the offering; and
(d) that, for the purpose of determining liability under
the 1933 Act to any purchaser, if the Registrant is subject
to Rule 430C: Each prospectus filed pursuant to
Rule 497(b), (c), (d) or (e) under the
1933 Act as part of a registration statement relating to an
offering, other than prospectuses filed in reliance on
Rule 430A under the 1933 Act shall be deemed to be
part of and included in the registration statement as of the
date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however,
that no statement made in a registration statement or
prospectus that is part of the registration or made in a
document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into
the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the
registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of
contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify
any statement that was made in the registration statement or
prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made
in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(e) that for the purpose of determining liability of the
Registrant under the 1933 Act to any purchaser in the
initial distribution of securities:
The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering
of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this
registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method
used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities
are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the
following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a
seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell
such securities to the purchaser:
(1) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the
undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be
filed pursuant to Rule 497 under the 1933 Act.
(2) the portion of any advertisement pursuant to
Rule 482 under the 1933 Act relating to the offering
containing material information about the undersigned Registrant
or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned
Registrant; and
(3) any other communication that is an offer in the
offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.
5. Registrant undertakes that, for the purpose of
determining any liability under the 1933 Act, the
information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of
the Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and
contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant
pursuant to Rule 497(h) will be deemed to be a part of the
Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective.
Registrant undertakes that, for the purpose of determining any
liability under the 1933 Act, each post-effective amendment
that contains a form of prospectus will be deemed to be a new
Registration Statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time will
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
6. Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or
other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within
two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any
Statement of Additional Information constituting Part B of
this Registration Statement.
SIGNATURES
As required by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the
Registrant has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment
No. 6 on
Form N-2
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, in the City of
Rye, State of New York, on the 3rd day of April, 2009.
THE GABELLI GLOBAL GOLD, NATURAL
RESOURCES & INCOME TRUST
Bruce N. Alpert
President
As required by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this
Post-Effective Amendment No. 6 on
Form N-2
has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities
set forth below on the 3rd day of April, 2009.
|
|
|
|
|
NAME
|
|
TITLE
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Anthony
J. Colavita*
Anthony
J. Colavita
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
/s/ James
P. Conn*
James
P. Conn
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
/s/ Mario
dUrso*
Mario
dUrso
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
/s/ Vincent
D. Enright*
Vincent
D. Enright
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
/s/ Frank
J. Fahrenkopf, Jr.*
Frank
J. Fahrenkopf, Jr.
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
/s/ Michael
J. Melarkey*
Michael
J. Melarkey
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
/s/ Salvatore
M. Salibello*
Salvatore
M. Salibello
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
/s/ Anthonie
C. van Ekris*
Anthonie
C. van Ekris
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
/s/ Salvatore
J. Zizza*
Salvatore
J. Zizza
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
/s/ Bruce
N. Alpert
Bruce
N. Alpert
|
|
President (Principal Executive Officer)
|
|
|
|
/s/ Agnes
Mullady
Agnes
Mullady
|
|
Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
|
|
|
|
/s/ Bruce
N. Alpert
Bruce
N. Alpert
|
|
Attorney-in-Fact
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Pursuant to a Power of Attorney |
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
|
99(n)(i)
|
|
|
Consent of Independent Registered Public Account Firm
|