424B3
The
information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus is not complete and may be changed. This prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus are not an offer to
sell these securities and are not soliciting an offer to buy
these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
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Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
Registration No. 333-140778
Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus
Supplement dated November 1, 2007
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To prospectus dated February 20, 2007)
1,400,000 Shares
Mylan Inc.
% Mandatory
Convertible Preferred Stock
We are offering 1,400,000 shares of
our % mandatory convertible
preferred stock.
We will pay annual dividends on each share of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock at a rate
of % per share on the initial
liquidation preference thereof of $1,000.00 per share. Dividends
will accrue and cumulate from the date of issuance and, to the
extent that we are legally permitted to pay dividends and our
board of directors declares a dividend payable, we will pay
dividends in cash, common stock or a combination thereof, on
February 15, May 15, August 15 and
November 15 of each year through and including
November 15, 2010. The first dividend payment will be made
on February 15, 2008, in the expected amount of
$ per share of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock, which reflects the time period from
the date of issuance to February 15, 2008.
Each share of our mandatory convertible preferred stock has a
liquidation preference of $1,000.00, plus accrued, cumulated and
unpaid dividends. Each share of our mandatory convertible
preferred stock will automatically convert on November 15,
2010, into
between
and shares
of our common stock, subject to anti-dilution adjustments,
depending on the average daily closing price per share of our
common stock over the 20 trading day period ending on the third
trading day prior to such date. At any time prior to
November 15, 2010, holders may elect to convert each share
of our mandatory convertible preferred stock
into shares
of common stock, subject to anti-dilution adjustments.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our
mandatory convertible preferred stock. Our mandatory convertible
preferred stock has been approved for listing on the New York
Stock Exchange under the symbol MYLPrA, subject to
official notice of issuance and satisfaction of its minimum
listing standards. Our common stock is listed on the New York
Stock Exchange under the symbol MYL. The last
reported sale price of our common stock on October 31, 2007
was $15.04 per share.
Concurrently with this offering of mandatory convertible
preferred stock, we are offering 40,000,000 shares of our
common stock (46,000,000 shares if the underwriters
exercise their over allotment option in full). The common stock
will be offered pursuant to a separate prospectus supplement.
This prospectus supplement shall not be deemed an offer to sell
or a solicitation to buy any of our common stock. This offering
is not conditioned upon the successful completion of the common
stock offering.
Investing in our mandatory convertible preferred stock
involves risks. See Risk Factors
beginning on
page S-16.
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Per Share
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Total
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Public offering price
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$
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$
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Underwriting discount
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$
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$
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Proceeds before expenses, to us
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$
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$
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The underwriters may also purchase up to an additional 210,000
of our % mandatory convertible preferred stock from
us at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount,
within 30 days following the date of this prospectus
supplement to cover overallotments, if any.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the
accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any
representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The underwriters expect to deliver the shares against payment on
or about November , 2007.
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Merrill
Lynch & Co. |
Goldman,
Sachs & Co. |
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Banc of America Securities
LLC
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Mitsubishi UFJ
Securities
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The date of this prospectus supplement
is ,
2007.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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Page
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ii
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ii
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ii
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iii
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iii
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S-1
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S-16
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S-37
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S-38
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S-39
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S-41
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S-51
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S-55
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S-76
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S-79
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S-96
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S-102
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S-107
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S-107
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S-107
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Prospectus
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ii
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ii
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ii
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iii
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1
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2
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2
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9
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12
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14
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14
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i
ABOUT
THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are
part of a registration statement that we filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a shelf
registration process. Under this shelf process, we may, from
time to time, sell securities in one or more offerings. In this
prospectus supplement, we provide you with specific information
about the shares of our mandatory convertible preferred stock
that we are selling in this offering. Both this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus include important
information about us, our mandatory convertible preferred stock
and other information you should know before investing. This
prospectus supplement also adds, updates and changes information
contained in the accompanying prospectus. You should read both
this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus as
well as additional information described under
Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference on
page ii of the accompanying prospectus and Where You Can
Find More Information before investing in our mandatory
convertible preferred stock.
You should rely only on the information incorporated by
reference or provided in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus or which we or the underwriters provide
to you. Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone
to provide you with additional or different information. If
anyone provided you with additional or different information,
you should not rely on it. Neither we nor the underwriters are
making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction
where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that
the information contained in this prospectus supplement, the
accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by
reference is accurate only as of their respective dates. Our
business, financial condition, results of operations and
prospects may have changed since those dates.
CHANGE
OF NAME AND FISCAL YEAR
We amended our articles of incorporation to change our name from
Mylan Laboratories Inc. to Mylan Inc., effective as of
October 2, 2007.
On October 2, 2007, we also amended our bylaws to change
our fiscal year. Our fiscal year previously commenced April 1
and ended March 31. Our fiscal year will now begin on
January 1 and end on December 31. As a result of this
change, we will be required to file a transition report on
Form 10-K
for the nine-month period ending December 31, 2007 and will
thereafter report based on our changed fiscal year. The
historical information for Mylan that is incorporated by
reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus for periods through September 30, 2007 is based
on fiscal years ended March 31.
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION OF MERCK GENERICS AND EXCHANGE RATE
INFORMATION
The generic pharmaceutical business, or Merck Generics, we
acquired from Merck KGaA has a fiscal year end of
December 31. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined
financial information included and incorporated by reference in
this prospectus supplement for the year ended March 31,
2007 is derived from the audited Mylan historical financial
information for the year ended March 31, 2007, incorporated
by reference in this prospectus supplement from our Annual
Report on Form 10-K, the unaudited Matrix historical
financial information for the nine months ended
December 31, 2006 which is incorporated by reference in
this prospectus supplement from our Current Report on
Form 8-K/A
filed on February 20, 2007 and the audited Merck Generics
historical financial information for the year ended
December 31, 2006 which is incorporated by reference in
this prospectus supplement from our Current Report on
Form 8-K/A
filed on November 1, 2007. Similarly, the unaudited pro
forma condensed combined financial information for the six
months ended September 30, 2007 which is included and
incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement is
derived from the unaudited Mylan interim financial information
for the six months ended September 30, 2007 incorporated by
reference in this prospectus supplement from our Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q and the unaudited Merck Generics
interim financial information for the six months ended
June 30, 2007 incorporated by reference in this prospectus
supplement from our Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on
November 1, 2007. The financial statements of Merck
Generics incorporated by reference herein have been prepared in
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as
adopted by the European Union, or IFRS, and
ii
are reported in Euros. For purposes of the pro forma information
included herein, all amounts have been converted into amounts
prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted
accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP.
The following table shows, for the periods indicated,
information concerning the exchange rate between the
U.S. dollar and the Euro. This information is provided
solely for your information, and we do not represent that Euros
could be converted into U.S. dollars at these rates or at
any other rate.
The data provided in the following table is expressed in
U.S. dollars per Euro and is based on noon buying rates
published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for the Euro.
On October 31, 2007, the most recent practicable date prior
to the printing of this prospectus supplement, the exchange rate
was 1.00 = $1.4468.
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Annual Data
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Period End(1)
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Average(2)
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2004
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1.2438
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2005
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1.1842
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1.2449
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2006
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1.3197
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1.2563
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2006 interim (through June 30)
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1.2779
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1.2309
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2007 (through June 30)
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1.3520
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1.3300
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(1) |
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The period-end rate is the noon buying rate on the last business
day of the applicable period. |
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The average rates for the interim and annual periods were
calculated by taking the simple average of the daily noon buying
rates of each business day in the period, as published by the
Federal Reserve Bank of New York. |
MARKET,
RANKING AND OTHER DATA
The data included in this prospectus supplement regarding
markets and ranking, including the size of certain markets and
our position and the position of our competitors within these
markets, is based on published industry sources, subscription
services and our estimates. Our estimates are based on
information obtained from our customers, suppliers, trade and
business organizations and other contacts in the markets in
which we operate. We believe these estimates to be accurate as
of the date of this prospectus supplement. However, this
information may prove to be inaccurate because of the method by
which we obtained some of the data for our estimates or because
this information cannot always be verified with complete
certainty due to the limits on the availability and reliability
of raw data, the voluntary nature of the data gathering process
and other limitations and uncertainties. As a result, you should
be aware that market, ranking and other similar data included in
this prospectus supplement, and estimates and beliefs based on
that data, may not be reliable. We cannot guarantee the accuracy
or completeness of such information contained in this prospectus
supplement.
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus,
including the documents incorporated by reference herein and
therein, contain forward-looking statements within
the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended (the Securities Act) and Section 21E
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
Exchange Act). Such forward-looking information
about us is intended to be covered by the safe harbor to
forward-looking statements provided by the Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may
be made directly in this prospectus supplement or the
accompanying prospectus or may be incorporated in this
prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus by
reference to other documents and may include statements for the
period following the completion of this transaction. Our
representatives may also make forward-looking statements. When
used in this document, the words anticipate,
may, can, could,
continue, plan, feel,
forecast, believe, estimate,
expect, project, potential,
intend, likely, will,
should, would, to be and any
iii
similar expressions and any other statements that are not
historical facts, in each case as they relate to us, our
management or the Transactions (as defined below) are intended
to identify those assertions as forward-looking statements. In
making any of those statements, the person making them believes
that its expectations are based on reasonable assumptions.
However, any such statement may be influenced by factors that
could cause actual outcomes and results to be materially
different from those projected or anticipated. These
forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and
uncertainties, including the risks described under Risk
Factors in this prospectus supplement as well as under
Risk Factors in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the period ended March 31, 2007, and our Quarterly
Report on
Form 10-Q
for the period ended September 30, 2007, that could cause
actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or
implied or projected by, the forward-looking information and
statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date
on which they are made. We expressly disclaim any obligation to
update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a
result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Some of these risks and uncertainties include, but are not
limited to:
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risks relating to the integration of Merck Generics and the
failure to achieve anticipated cost savings;
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risks related to our rapid growth;
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risks related to us being a global business;
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risks of us not being able to commercialize new products on a
timely basis;
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challenges by tax regulators of our transfer pricing
arrangements;
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market acceptance of new products or of existing products in new
markets;
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risks related to product or market concentration;
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regulatory delays and uncertainties;
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new and existing legislation affecting our business;
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unsuccessful research and development;
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risks related to our substantial indebtedness;
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supplier concentration;
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risk in migrating from the Merck name and
transitional services provided by Merck KGaA;
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concentration of manufacturing facilities;
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litigation, including product liability claims and patent
litigation;
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loss of key senior management or scientific staff;
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macroeconomic conditions and general industry conditions, such
as the competitive environment of the generic pharmaceutical
industry;
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changes in political, social or economic circumstances in the
markets where we operate;
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labor relations;
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fluctuations in interest rates or foreign currency exchange
rates and other adverse financial market conditions;
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changes in tax and other laws;
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our ability to protect our intellectual property;
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pricing pressures from reimbursement policies of private managed
care organizations and other third-party payors, including
government sponsored health systems;
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iv
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the continued consolidation of the distribution network through
which we sell our products, including wholesale drug
distributors and the growth of large retail drug store chains;
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government regulation affecting the development, manufacture,
marketing and sale of pharmaceutical products, including our
ability and the ability of companies with which we do business
to obtain necessary regulatory approvals;
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our ability to successfully complete the implementation of a new
enterprise resource planning system in the U.S. without
disrupting our business;
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our ability to manage the growth of our business by successfully
identifying, developing, acquiring or licensing and marketing
new products, obtain regulatory approval and customer acceptance
of those products, and continued customer acceptance of our
existing products; and
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other risks detailed from time-to-time in our periodic reports
filed with the SEC, our financial statements and other investor
communications.
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Actual results or performance by us could differ materially from
those expressed in, or implied by, any forward-looking
statements relating to those matters. Accordingly, no assurances
can be given that any of the events anticipated by the
forward-looking statements will transpire or occur, or if any of
them do occur, what impact they will have on the results of
operations or financial condition of the company. Except as
required by law, we are under no obligation, and expressly
disclaim any obligation, to update, alter or otherwise revise
any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may
be made from time to time, whether as a result of new
information, future events or otherwise.
v
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information more fully
described elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus. This summary does not contain all of
the information you should consider before investing in our
mandatory convertible preferred stock. You should read this
prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, and the
documents incorporated by reference herein and therein
carefully, especially the risks of investing in our mandatory
convertible preferred stock discussed in Risk
Factors below and in the incorporated documents.
On October 2, 2007, we acquired the generics businesses,
or Merck Generics, of Merck KGaA, which we refer to as the
Acquisition. In this prospectus supplement, we refer to the
initial borrowings under the senior secured credit agreement and
the senior unsecured interim loan agreement, both dated
October 2, 2007, to finance the Acquisition as the
Financings.
In this prospectus supplement, except as otherwise indicated,
(i) the Company, Mylan,
we, our, and us refer to
Mylan Inc. (formerly Mylan Laboratories Inc.) and its
consolidated subsidiaries (which includes Merck Generics, from
October 2, 2007 and Matrix from January 8, 2007) and
(ii) Matrix refers to Matrix Laboratories
Limited, in which we acquired a controlling interest on
January 8, 2007. References herein to pro forma mean after
giving effect to the acquisition of Merck Generics and the
controlling interest in Matrix, as further described under
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial
Information herein.
Overview
We are a leading pharmaceutical company and have developed,
manufactured, marketed, licensed and distributed high quality
generic, branded and branded generic pharmaceutical products for
more than 45 years. As a result of our recent acquisitions
of Merck Generics and a controlling interest in Matrix earlier
this year, we are the third largest generic pharmaceutical
company in the world based on 2006 combined calendar year
revenues, a leader in branded specialty pharmaceuticals and the
second largest active pharmaceutical ingredient, or API,
manufacturer with respect to the number of drug master files, or
DMFs, filed with regulatory agencies. We currently employ more
than 11,000 people globally and have sales in over
90 countries. We hold a leading sales position in four of
the worlds six largest generic pharmaceutical markets: the
United States, the United Kingdom, France and Japan, and we also
hold leading sales positions in several other key generics
markets, including Australia, Belgium, Italy, Portugal and
Spain. Our product portfolio is among the largest of all generic
pharmaceutical companies, consisting of approximately
570 products in a broad range of therapeutic areas. In
addition, we have a significant product pipeline, with more than
255 regulatory applications or dossiers pending approval with
regulatory agencies worldwide. Our acquisition of a controlling
interest in Matrix provides us with lower cost API supply and a
vertically integrated platform. We have extensive research and
development capabilities, with 11 sites around the world, and
extensive manufacturing capabilities, with the capacity to
manufacture more than 45 billion finished doses of
pharmaceutical products per year. On a pro forma basis for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2007, we had total net revenues
of approximately $4.1 billion.
We achieved our position as one of the leaders in the U.S.
generic pharmaceutical industry through our success in obtaining
Abbreviated New Drug Application, or ANDA, approvals, our
reputation for quality and our ability to consistently deliver
large scale commercial volumes to our customers. With the
addition of Merck Generics and Matrix, we have created a
horizontally and vertically integrated platform with global
scale, a diversified product portfolio and an expanded range of
capabilities that position us well for the future. We expect
that as a result of these acquisitions we will be less dependent
on any single market or product and will be able to compete more
effectively on a global basis.
We derive the majority of our U.S. generic product revenues
through our subsidiary, Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., or MPI.
These revenues are derived from approximately 170 products,
primarily solid oral dosage pharmaceuticals, in approximately 50
therapeutic areas. Another of our subsidiaries, UDL
Laboratories, Inc., or UDL, is the largest re-packager in the
United States of pharmaceuticals in unit dose formats, which are
used primarily in hospitals, nursing homes and other
institutional settings. Our U.S.
S-1
generics business is further augmented by our subsidiary, Mylan
Technologies Inc., or MTI, which is a leader in transdermal drug
delivery systems and focuses on the research, development,
manufacturing and supply of both brand and generic transdermal
products both in the United States and internationally.
Our generic pharmaceutical revenues outside of the United States
are primarily derived from Merck Generics, which we acquired on
October 2, 2007. Merck Generics consists of a number of
former subsidiaries of Merck KGaA, a
300-year-old
global chemicals and pharmaceuticals company. Merck Generics,
formed in 1984, has sales in more than 90 countries and was the
worlds third largest generic pharmaceutical business based
on 2006 calendar year revenues of 1.8 billion
($2.3 billion). Merck Generics has more than 400 products
and approximately 70% of its generic pharmaceutical revenues in
calendar year 2006 were generated from countries where it has a
top three market share position. Through Merck Generics, we
gained a strong presence in some of the worlds most
important generic pharmaceuticals markets, including France,
Germany, the United Kingdom, Japan, Canada and Australia. As
part of the Acquisition, we received a right to purchase for a
period of two years from the closing of the Acquisition, for
actual costs incurred to separate such businesses, Merck
KGaAs generic pharmaceutical operations in 17 additional
countries in Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe and the
Asia Pacific region, many of which represent emerging generic
pharmaceutical markets.
As part of the Merck Generics acquisition we also acquired our
U.S. branded specialty pharmaceuticals subsidiary, Dey L.P., or
Dey. Founded in 1978, Dey is a fully integrated specialty
pharmaceutical business focused on the development,
manufacturing and marketing of specialty pharmaceuticals in the
respiratory, and severe allergy markets. Through its
approximately 250-person sales force, Dey markets six products
to physicians and hospitals. Deys key products include,
among others, EpiPen, an epinephirine autoinjector for severe
allergy and anaphalaxis, DuoNeb, a nebulized unit dose
formulation of ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate for
chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, or COPD, and the
recently launched Perforomist inhalation solution, a long-acting
nebulized unit dose formoterol fumarate for COPD. In 2007, Dey
launched three new products, including Perforomist, which we
expect will help to replace some of the sales that we anticipate
will be lost as a result of the July 2007 loss of market
exclusivity for DuoNeb. Further, Dey has a pipeline of next
generation and differentiated specialty product candidates that
we expect will provide additional growth opportunities in the
future.
Through Matrix, an Indian listed company in which we have a
71.5% controlling interest, we manufacture and supply low cost,
high quality API for our own products and pipeline, as well as
for third parties. Matrix is the worlds second largest API
manufacturer with respect to the number of DMFs filed with
regulatory agencies, with more than 165 APIs in the market or
under development. Matrix is also a leader in supplying API for
the manufacturing of anti-retroviral drugs, which are utilized
in the treatment of HIV/AIDS.
Our
Strengths
We believe our competitive strengths are the following:
Leadership and scale in key global markets. We
now have a global presence, with sales in more than 90 countries
and operations in over 45 countries, including significant
operations in each of the top seven largest generic
pharmaceutical markets. In addition to our position as one of
the leaders in the U.S. market, the globalization of our
business established us as leaders in key markets in Europe and
the Asia Pacific region. Our global platform creates substantial
growth opportunities and will enable us to compete more
effectively in the worlds largest generics markets, as
well as in less developed markets that have higher growth rates
and potentially more favorable competitive dynamics. Our scale
also creates opportunities to achieve operating efficiencies and
reduces risks associated with an over-reliance on any one market.
Broad and diversified product portfolio. We
have a robust product portfolio of approximately 570 generic,
branded generic and branded pharmaceutical products, which are
well-diversified across therapeutic areas. The breadth and
diversity of our product portfolio reduces our operating risk
profile to ensure that we are not overly reliant on any one
product or therapeutic area. We have development and
manufacturing capabilities in several specialized dosage forms,
some of which are difficult to formulate and manufacture and
typically have longer product growth cycles than traditional
generic pharmaceuticals. These dosage forms
S-2
include high potency formulations, steriles, injectables,
transdermal patches, controlled-release and respiratory delivery
products. Additionally, we benefit from Merck Generics
highly successful in-licensing strategy that is designed to
develop critical mass in key differentiated dosages in
attractive markets globally.
Manufacturing scale with a vertically and horizontally
integrated platform. We are an integrated
pharmaceutical company with capabilities in research,
development, regulatory and legal matters, manufacturing, sales
and distribution. Through Matrix, we have access to low-cost API
and intermediates. This enables us to compete more effectively
with other low-cost producers and potentially enhance margins
and extend product lifecycles. In addition to our eight API
manufacturing sites we currently have 17 finished dose
manufacturing sites in the United States and internationally,
including specialized manufacturing such as transdermals,
inhalation aerosols and semi-solids, in addition to solid
dosage. We expect to recognize significant cost savings as a
result of our scale and efficiency, and in particular through
our finished dose and Matrixs high quality API
manufacturing capacity. Further, our horizontally integrated
platform allows us to leverage each of our research and
development projects into numerous markets around the world.
Scale in research and development. We have
expanded our research and development capabilities through the
Merck Generics and Matrix acquisitions, and now have significant
scale with a network of 11 research and development sites across
the globe. As a result of the expansion of our capabilities, we
expect to be able to increase our research and development
efficiency and speed to market. As of June 30, 2007, we had
more than 255 applications or dossiers pending regulatory
approval worldwide. As a result of the Matrix acquisition and
excluding any impact from the acquisition of Merck Generics, for
the 12 months ending March 31, 2008, we expect to file
60 submissions with the United States Food and Drug
Administration, or FDA, as compared to 24 submissions filed with
the FDA in the prior 12 months.
Intellectual property expertise. We believe
that expertise in intellectual property is a core competency for
future product development. Accordingly, we maintain development
teams, including legal counsel, focused on the analysis and
selection of opportunities to file generic product dossiers,
ANDAs and Paragraph IV ANDA patent challenges, which could
provide us with 180 days of generic market exclusivity. We have
been successful in monetizing many Paragraph IV ANDA
opportunities, including launches within the last 12 months of
amlodipine besylate and oxybutynin ER, and the recent legal
settlements on paroxetine hydrochloride ER and levetiracetam for
future launches.
Product quality. Our ability to produce high
quality commercial volumes of our products has given us a
reputation as a reliable supplier to our customers. We have an
excellent manufacturing compliance record with regulatory
agencies globally, including the FDA. We believe that, in an era
of growing concern among individual consumers regarding the
quality of the prescription drugs they purchase, we are in a
strong position to leverage our reputation for product
excellence.
Specialty pharmaceutical expertise. We have
formulation expertise with products that are difficult to
develop, formulate and manufacture, such as transdermals, high
potency products and nebulized formulations. Our Dey business
provides highly differentiated pharmaceutical offerings in the
respiratory and severe allergy markets which we expect will
provide us with a growth platform in branded pharmaceuticals.
Our MTI operation focuses on applying our leading transdermal
technology to the potential development of new products through
strategic alliances with branded pharmaceutical companies. MTI
is also a leader in the development and manufacturing of generic
transdermal products in the United States and internationally,
including fentanyl, which has been a very important product for
us.
Experienced management. Our senior management
team collectively has broad experience across the businesses and
markets in which we operate. In addition, we have been
successful in retaining key Matrix and Merck Generics executive
teams including key regional leaders and operators.
Industry
Overview
Generic pharmaceutical products provide a safe, effective and
cost-efficient alternative to branded pharmaceutical products.
Generic pharmaceuticals are the bioequivalent of patented or
brand-name pharmaceuticals, and as with their brand-name
equivalents, generic pharmaceuticals require regulatory
S-3
approval prior to their sale. Generic pharmaceuticals may be
marketed only if relevant patents on their brand-name
equivalents, and any additional government-mandated market
exclusivity periods, have expired, have been challenged and
invalidated, are licensed by the patent holder, or such patents
are shown to not otherwise be infringed.
The generic pharmaceutical market has grown as a result of the
ongoing efforts by governments around the world and in the
private sector to address the increasing burden of healthcare
expenditures, in particular prescription pharmaceuticals. In
addition, the market has been positively impacted in recent
years by changing demographics as well as by increased
acceptance among consumers, physicians and pharmacists that
generic pharmaceuticals are lower-cost equivalents of brand-name
pharmaceuticals. The average price of a generic pharmaceutical
prescription in the United States in 2006 was approximately $32,
while the average price of a brand name pharmaceutical
prescription was approximately $111. Similar to the United
States, in most international markets, brand-name
pharmaceuticals, on average, cost substantially more than
generic products on a per prescription basis. Many countries are
exploring the use of generic products to curtail increasing
pharmaceutical expenditures, which is one of the factors causing
the generic market to grow faster than the pharmaceutical
industry as a whole. A large number of countries now actively
promote generic pharmaceuticals through their government
reimbursement systems. Generic substitution, whereby a
pharmacist substitutes a prescribed brand name product with a
generic one, is permitted in many countries and even compulsory
in some countries as a cost-saving measure in the purchase of,
or reimbursement for, prescription pharmaceuticals.
Worldwide expenditures on generic pharmaceutical products were
approximately $84.4 billion in 2006, which represented
approximately 11% of the total pharmaceutical market. For 2006,
after the United States ($31.0 billion), which accounted
for approximately 37% of global expenditures on generic
pharmaceuticals, the largest national markets for generic
pharmaceuticals in the world were Germany ($14.0 billion),
India ($6.6 billion), the United Kingdom
($4.7 billion), France ($3.6 billion) and Japan
($3.3 billion). Spending on generic pharmaceutical products
in certain international markets, though smaller in nominal
terms, is expected to grow at a faster rate than in the United
States. In particular, over the next five years, the market for
generic pharmaceutical products is expected to increase annually
at rates of 25% in Brazil, 24% in Switzerland, 20% in France and
15% in Spain, countries in which generic pharmaceuticals
currently account for less than 15% of sales in the domestic
pharmaceutical market.
The U.S. market for generic pharmaceutical products is expected
to increase in value at an average annual rate of approximately
11% over the next five years. We believe that this growth will
be driven by certain demographic trends, including an aging
population, the lengthening of average life expectancy and the
rising incidence of chronic diseases. In addition, we believe
that the U.S. generic pharmaceutical market is well positioned
to capitalize on cost-cutting initiatives by federal and state
governments, as well as managed care providers, which favor the
use of lower-cost generics over branded pharmaceuticals. For
example, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and
Modernization Act of 2003, or MMA, encourages health care
providers to utilize generic pharmaceutical products as a tool
to manage public healthcare spending. Also, Part D of the
Medicare Modernization Act, which became effective on
January 1, 2006 and provides for increased coverage of
pharmaceutical products, has led to increased usage of
pharmaceutical products, which we believe will continue to
benefit the generic pharmaceutical industry.
In addition, a large number of high-value branded pharmaceutical
patent expirations are expected over the next three years. In
2006, United States sales for branded products expected to face
patent expiration between 2007 and 2009 were approximately
$45 billion. Also, many countries outside of the United
States have later dated patent expirations than in the United
States. This means that many of the well known pharmaceuticals
that have recently lost patent protection in the United States
have not yet lost patent protection in many other jurisdictions
around the world. This provides for potential growth
opportunities for generic equivalents of these pharmaceuticals
in the global markets.
S-4
Our
Strategy
Our objective is to capitalize upon our position as the third
largest generic pharmaceutical company in the world by
successfully integrating Merck Generics and by focusing on the
principal strategies set forth below:
Capitalize on our global footprint and vertical
integration. We intend to sell existing and new
products into numerous global markets, creating substantial
opportunities for growth and potentially longer product
lifecycles. In addition, we intend to capitalize on our combined
capabilities by integrating our global operations to drive cost
savings, including by rationalizing duplicative research and
development programs and by optimizing our manufacturing
capacity. We plan to use Matrixs API capabilities and our
expertise in finished dosage manufacturing to increase vertical
integration of our product portfolio so that we are less reliant
on third-party producers. We believe this will be a particularly
important strategy for the Merck Generics business, which has
relied heavily on third party suppliers of API and contract
manufacturers. We expect this strategy to help us to maintain
lower production costs which will be of particular significance
in highly competitive markets where margins may become
compressed.
Focus on difficult to develop and specialty
pharmaceuticals. We believe that we have
differentiated ourselves in the industry by being a leader in
the development, formulation and manufacture of various
difficult to develop pharmaceuticals. We intend to continue to
expand our formulation expertise with products that are
difficult to develop, formulate and manufacture. With the
addition of Merck Generics we added more products with high
barriers to entry as well as formulation capabilities, including
high-potency products, injectables, topicals, liquids,
inhalables and controlled-release products. We will strive to
maintain our advantage over our competitors in the production of
commercial quantities of oral solid dosage, controlled-release
and transdermal formulation products, as well as the high
barrier to entry products described above and our branded
specialty pharmaceuticals such as the respiratory products
produced by Dey.
Leverage scale in research and development. We
have invested and expect to continue to invest heavily in our
generic research and development network. This investment has
allowed us to build a robust pipeline of ANDAs and product
dossiers. Additionally, we intend to build upon Matrixs
strong record of DMF filings, as well as to leverage the
significant investments made by Matrix in research and
development capabilities, to further bolster our product
pipeline. Finally, with the addition of Merck Generics
research and development capabilities we are now able to utilize
our global expertise to develop products for multiple markets.
Maintain manufacturing excellence. We intend
to leverage our scale in manufacturing and our global
manufacturing network by increasing our commercial volumes and
improving efficiencies, while maintaining our reputation for
quality and reliability. We now have the capacity to produce
more than 45 billion doses annually. This capacity, coupled
with our large high quality product portfolio and track record
of compliance and reliability, provide us with marketing
advantages to serve our customers. With the Matrix acquisition
we have additional manufacturing capacity and manufacturing
flexibility. These features allow us to better manage industry
cycles while optimizing market share and gross margins, and
afford us the capability to manufacture products in additional
categories.
Realize our First InLast Out goal in new
markets. We seek to be the first generic
pharmaceutical company to penetrate a new market or capture a
new product opportunity. Depending on the market, we also try to
be the last out by either remaining price competitive as others
enter the market or by leveraging our strong brand name and
portfolio. In the United States, in some cases we also aim to be
the first-to-file with the FDA a Paragraph IV
certification, in an effort to gain 180 days of generic
market exclusivity. In other markets worldwide, we intend to
utilize our country sales forces and distribution networks to
leverage strong relationships with key decision makers in order
to be the first generic products in those markets. We will
strive to maintain our product volumes by being a low-cost
producer through vertical integration, and thereby keep our
products on the shelves longer and reduce the impact of
increased competition.
S-5
The
Acquisitions of Merck Generics and a Controlling Interest in
Matrix
We acquired Merck Generics on October 2, 2007, and we
completed the acquisition of 71.5% of the outstanding shares of
Matrix, a company listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and
National Stock Exchange of India, on January 8, 2007.
In order to fund our acquisition of Merck Generics as well as to
refinance a portion of our existing indebtedness, on
October 2, 2007 we incurred $2,500 million of senior
secured U.S. dollar term debt and
1,130 million ($1,600 million) of senior
secured Euro term debt pursuant to what we refer to herein as
our Senior Secured Credit Agreement and $2,850 million of
senior unsecured interim debt pursuant to what we refer to
herein as our Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement. In
addition, as part of our new Senior Secured Credit Agreement, we
put in place a $750 million senior secured revolving credit
facility of which approximately $325 million was drawn in
connection with the closing of the Acquisition. See also
Overview of Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital
Resources.
We expect to achieve significant operating cost savings and
synergies as a result of combining our historical Mylan
business, Merck Generics and by leveraging our Matrix platform.
We expect to achieve these cost savings by, among other things,
reducing duplicative research and development programs,
rationalizing manufacturing and leveraging Matrixs API
capabilities across the rest of our business. We also expect to
cross-sell our broad range of products into new markets in which
we now have a presence. Nevertheless, there is no assurance that
we will achieve the full benefit of such cost savings and
synergies. See Risk FactorsOur acquisition of Merck
Generics involves a number of integration risks. These risks
could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause the market
value of our stock to decline.
Sources
and Uses
The table below sets forth the estimated sources and uses for
the Acquisition and the Financings at closing based on balances
as of September 30, 2007. We intend to refinance up to
$1.927 million of the indebtedness under the Senior
Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement with the net proceeds of this
offering and the concurrent offering of common stock, as
discussed below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sources of Funds
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Uses of Funds
|
|
Amount
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
|
|
Cash(1)
|
|
$
|
853
|
|
|
Purchase price(2)
|
|
$
|
6,992
|
|
Senior secured U.S. term loans
|
|
|
2,500
|
|
|
Estimated fees and expenses(3)
|
|
|
189
|
|
Senior secured Euro term loan(4)
|
|
|
1,600
|
|
|
Repayment of senior notes and term debt
|
|
|
947
|
|
Senior secured revolving credit facility
|
|
|
325
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Senior unsecured interim loan
|
|
|
2,850
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total sources
|
|
$
|
8,128
|
|
|
Total uses
|
|
$
|
8,128
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The cash amount is net of $604 million of cash acquired and
includes $85 million received from settlement of the deal
contingent option contract related to the Euro denominated
purchase price. |
|
(2) |
|
The purchase price amount represents the preliminary purchase
price under the terms of the share purchase agreement relating
to the Acquisition. Amount includes preliminary working capital
and certain other adjustments. |
|
(3) |
|
The estimated fees and expenses include approximately
$32 million related to the tender offer and consent
solicitation fees to note holders. |
|
(4) |
|
The senior secured Euro term loan is converted at the exchange
rate of 1 Euro to $1.4151, the rate as of October 2, 2007. |
S-6
Concurrent
Transactions
Concurrently with this offering, we are offering
40,000,000 shares of common stock. The underwriters have
the option to purchase from us up to an additional
6,000,000 shares of common stock to cover over allotments.
There is no assurance that our concurrent public offering of
common stock will be completed or, if completed, that it will be
completed for the amount contemplated. The common stock will be
offered by a separate prospectus supplement to the prospectus
dated February 20, 2007, and this offering and the common
stock offering are not conditioned on each other.
Risks of
Investment
Any investment in our mandatory convertible preferred stock
involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider
the risks described in Risk Factors below and all of
the other information contained in this prospectus supplement
and the accompanying prospectus before deciding whether to
purchase our mandatory convertible preferred stock. In addition,
you should carefully consider, among other things, the matters
discussed under Risk Factors in our quarterly report
on
Form 10-Q
for the period ended September 30, 2007, and in other
documents that are incorporated by reference herein and in the
accompanying prospectus. These risks include forward-looking
statements, and our actual results may differ substantially from
those discussed in these forward-looking statements. See
Forward-Looking Statements.
Company
Information
Our business began in 1961. Mylan Inc. was incorporated in
Pennsylvania to be our holding company in 1970. Our common stock
is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
MYL. Our principal offices are located at 1500
Corporate Drive, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania 15317 and the
telephone number is
(724) 514-1800.
We changed our name from Mylan Laboratories Inc. to Mylan Inc.
on October 2, 2007. Our Internet address is www.mylan.com.
Information on our website does not constitute part of this
prospectus supplement.
S-7
The
Offering
|
|
|
Issuer |
|
Mylan Inc. (formerly Mylan Laboratories Inc.) |
|
Securities offered |
|
1,400,000 shares of %
mandatory convertible preferred stock (1,610,000 shares if
the underwriters exercise their over allotment option in full),
which we refer to in this prospectus supplement as the
mandatory convertible preferred stock. |
|
Initial offering price |
|
$1,000.00 per share of mandatory convertible preferred stock. |
|
Option to purchase additional shares of mandatory convertible
preferred stock |
|
To the extent the underwriters sell more than
1,400,000 shares of our mandatory convertible preferred
stock, the underwriters have the option to purchase up to
210,000 additional shares of our mandatory convertible preferred
stock from us at the initial offering price, less underwriting
discounts and commissions, within 30 days from the date of
this prospectus supplement solely to cover overallotments. |
|
Dividends |
|
% per share on the liquidation
preference thereof of $1,000.00 for each share of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock per year. Dividends will accrue and
cumulate from the date of issuance and, to the extent that we
are legally permitted to pay dividends and we declare a dividend
payable, we will pay, at our election, dividends in cash, common
stock or a combination thereof on each dividend payment date.
The expected dividend payable on the first dividend payment date
is $ per share and on each
subsequent dividend payment date is expected to be
$ per share. See Description
of Mandatory Convertible Preferred StockDividends. |
|
Dividend payment dates |
|
February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each
year prior to the mandatory conversion date (as defined below),
and on the mandatory conversion date, commencing on
February 15, 2008. |
|
Redemption |
|
Our mandatory convertible preferred stock is not redeemable. |
|
Mandatory conversion date |
|
November 15, 2010. |
|
Mandatory conversion |
|
On the mandatory conversion date, each share of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock will automatically convert into
shares of our common stock, based on the conversion rate as
described below. |
|
|
|
Holders of mandatory convertible preferred stock on the
mandatory conversion date will have the right to receive the
dividend due on such date in cash, common stock or a combination
thereof (including any accrued, cumulated and unpaid dividends
on the mandatory convertible preferred stock as of the mandatory
conversion date), whether or not declared (other than previously
declared dividends on the mandatory convertible preferred stock
payable to holders of record as of a prior date), to the extent
we are legally permitted to pay such dividends at such time. |
|
Conversion rate |
|
The conversion rate for each share of our mandatory convertible
preferred stock will be not more
than shares
of common stock and not less
than shares
of common stock, |
S-8
|
|
|
|
|
depending on the applicable market value of our common stock, as
described below. |
|
|
|
The applicable market value of our common stock is
the average of the daily closing price per share of our common
stock on each of the 20 consecutive trading days ending on the
third trading day immediately preceding the mandatory conversion
date. It will be calculated as described under Description
of Mandatory Convertible Preferred StockMandatory
Conversion. |
|
|
|
The conversion rate is subject to certain adjustments, as
described under Description of Mandatory Convertible
Preferred StockAnti-dilution Adjustments. |
|
|
|
The following table illustrates the conversion rate per share of
our mandatory convertible preferred stock subject to certain
anti-dilution adjustments described under Description of
Mandatory Convertible Preferred StockAnti-dilution
Adjustments, based on the applicable market value of our
common stock on the mandatory conversion date. |
|
|
|
Applicable Market Value on the
|
|
|
Mandatory Conversion Date
|
|
Conversion Rate
|
|
Less than or equal to $
Between $ and
$
|
|
$1,000.00 divided by the applicable market value
|
Equal to or greater than $
|
|
|
|
|
|
Optional conversion |
|
At any time prior to November 15, 2010, you may elect to
convert each of your shares of our mandatory convertible
preferred stock at the minimum conversion rate
of shares
of common stock for each share of mandatory convertible
preferred stock. This conversion rate is subject to certain
adjustments as described under Description of Mandatory
Convertible Preferred StockAnti-dilution Adjustments. |
|
|
|
Holders of mandatory convertible preferred stock who exercise
the optional conversion right will have the right to receive (in
cash, stock or a combination thereof) any accrued, cumulated and
unpaid dividends on the mandatory convertible preferred stock as
of the conversion date, whether or not declared (other than
previously declared dividends on the mandatory convertible
preferred stock payable to holders of record as of a prior
date), to the extent we are legally permitted to pay such
dividends at such time. |
|
Conversion upon cash acquisition; cash acquisition make-whole
amount |
|
If we are the subject of specified cash acquisitions on or prior
to November 15, 2010, under certain circumstances we will
(i) permit conversion of our mandatory convertible
preferred stock during the period beginning on the effective
date of the cash acquisition and ending on the date that is
15 days after the effective date at a specified conversion
rate determined by reference to the price per share of our
common stock paid in such cash acquisition and (ii) pay
converting holders an amount equal to the sum of any accrued,
cumulated and unpaid dividends on shares of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock that are converted plus the present
value of all remaining dividend payments on such shares |
S-9
|
|
|
|
|
through and including November 15, 2010, as described under
Description of Mandatory Convertible Preferred
StockConversion Upon Cash Acquisition; Cash Acquisition
Dividend Make-Whole Amount. The applicable conversion rate
will be determined based on the effective date and the price
paid per share of our common stock in such transaction. |
|
Anti-dilution adjustments |
|
The formula for determining the conversion rate and the number
of shares of common stock to be delivered upon conversion may be
adjusted in the event of, among other things, stock dividends or
distributions in shares of common stock or subdivisions, splits
and combinations of our common shares. See Description of
Mandatory Convertible Preferred StockAnti-dilution
Adjustments. |
|
Liquidation preference |
|
$1,000.00 per share of mandatory convertible preferred stock,
plus an amount equal to the sum of all accrued, cumulated and
unpaid dividends. |
|
Voting rights |
|
Except as required by Pennsylvania law and our amended and
restated articles of incorporation, which will include the
certificate of designation for the mandatory convertible
preferred stock, the holders of mandatory convertible preferred
stock will have no voting rights. If dividends payable on the
mandatory convertible preferred stock are in arrears for six or
more quarterly periods, the holders of the mandatory convertible
preferred stock, voting as a single class with the shares of any
other preferred stock or securities having similar voting rights
in proportion to their respective liquidation preferences, will
be entitled at the next regular or special meeting of our
shareholders to elect two directors and the number of directors
that comprise our board will be increased by the number of
directors so elected. These voting rights and the terms of the
directors so elected will continue until such time as the
dividend arrearage on the mandatory convertible preferred stock
has been paid in full. |
|
|
|
The affirmative consent of holders of at least
662/3%
of the outstanding mandatory convertible preferred stock and all
other preferred stock or securities having similar voting rights
voting in proportion to the respective liquidation preferences
will be required for the issuance of any class or series of
stock ranking senior to the mandatory convertible preferred
stock as to dividend rights or rights upon liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution and for amendments to our amended and restated
articles of incorporation that would alter the rights of holders
of the mandatory convertible preferred stock in a manner
materially adverse to the holders. See Description of
Mandatory Convertible Preferred StockVoting Rights. |
|
Ranking |
|
The mandatory convertible preferred stock will rank with respect
to dividend rights and rights upon our liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution: |
|
|
|
senior to all of our common stock and to all
of our other capital stock issued in the future (including our
Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, if any)
unless the terms of that
|
S-10
|
|
|
|
|
stock expressly provide that it ranks senior to, or on a parity
with, the mandatory convertible preferred stock; |
|
|
|
on a parity with any of our capital stock
issued in the future, the terms of which expressly provide that
it will rank on a parity with the mandatory convertible
preferred stock; and
|
|
|
|
junior to all of our capital stock issued in
the future, the terms of which expressly provide that such stock
will rank senior to the mandatory convertible preferred stock.
|
|
Use of proceeds |
|
We intend to use the net proceeds from the offering to repay
outstanding indebtedness under our senior unsecured Interim Loan
Agreement incurred to finance the acquisition of Merck Generics.
See Use of Proceeds. |
|
Concurrent offering of common stock |
|
Concurrently with this offering, we are offering by means of a
separate prospectus supplement 40,000,000 shares of our
common stock (and up to an additional 6,000,000 shares if
the underwriters exercise their over allotment option in full).
This offering is not contingent on completion of the common
stock offering. |
|
Certain U.S. federal income tax consequences |
|
The material U.S. federal income tax consequences of purchasing,
owning and disposing of the mandatory convertible preferred
stock and any common stock received upon its conversion are
described in Certain U.S. Federal Tax
Considerations. You should consult your tax advisor with
respect to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning
our mandatory convertible preferred stock and common stock in
light of your own particular situation and with respect to any
tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local,
foreign or other taxing jurisdiction. |
|
Listing |
|
The mandatory convertible preferred stock has been approved for
listing on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
MYLPrA, subject to official notice of issuance. |
|
Book-entry, delivery and form |
|
Initially, the mandatory convertible preferred stock will be
represented by one or more permanent global certificates in
definitive, fully registered form deposited with a custodian
for, and registered in the name of, a nominee of DTC. |
|
Common stock |
|
Our common stock is listed for trading on the NYSE under the
symbol MYL. |
|
Risk factors |
|
See Risk Factors beginning on
page S-16 of
this prospectus supplement and other information included or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus for a discussion of the factors you
should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our
mandatory convertible preferred stock. |
S-11
Summary
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial
Information
The summary unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial
information shown below gives effect to (i) the
Acquisition, (ii) the Financing and (iii) the
acquisition of a 71.5% controlling interest in Matrix (all of
the foregoing the Transactions) as further discussed
below. Because Matrix is consolidated in our historical results
from January 8, 2007, it is included as part of the
Transactions only for the pro forma statement of operations
information for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007. All
pro forma information has been derived from, and should be read
in conjunction with, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined
financial information and the notes thereto included elsewhere
in this prospectus supplement. See Financial Information
of Merck Generics and Exchange Rate Information and
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial
Information.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of earnings
information gives effect to the Transactions as if they had
occurred on April 1, 2006. The pro forma statement of
operations information for the fiscal year ended March 31,
2007 has been derived by combining the audited consolidated
statement of operations of Mylan for the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2007, the unaudited consolidated statement of
operations of Matrix for the nine months ended December 31,
2006 and a U.S. GAAP historical combined income statement
of Merck Generics, derived from the audit historical combined
income statement of Merck Generics for the year ended
December 31, 2006. The pro forma statement of operations
information for the six months ended September 30, 2007 has
been derived by combining the unaudited condensed consolidated
statement of earnings of Mylan for the six months ended
September 30, 2007 with the U.S. GAAP historical
combined income statement of Merck Generics derived from the
unaudited historical condensed combined income statement of
Merck Generics for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The
pro forma balance sheet information gives effect to the
Transactions as if they had occurred on September 30, 2007,
and was derived by combining the unaudited condensed
consolidated balance sheet of Mylan as of September 30,
2007 with a U.S. GAAP historical combined balance sheet of
Merck Generics derived from the unaudited interim condensed
combined balance sheet of Merck Generics as of June 30,
2007.
The unaudited condensed combined pro forma financial information
is provided for illustrative purposes only. It does not purport
to represent what Mylans consolidated results of
operations and financial position would have been had the
Transactions actually occurred as of the dates indicated, and
they do not purport to project Mylans future consolidated
results of operations or financial position.
S-12
Summary
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial
Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
|
Six Months Ended
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2007
|
|
|
September 30, 2007
|
|
|
|
(in millions except per share data)
|
|
|
Statement of Operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
$
|
4,123.6
|
|
|
$
|
2,258.5
|
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
2,466.6
|
|
|
|
1,310.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
1,657.0
|
|
|
|
948.1
|
|
Operating Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
283.7
|
|
|
|
145.5
|
|
Impairment loss on goodwill
|
|
|
25.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired in-process research and development
|
|
|
147.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
712.4
|
|
|
|
426.6
|
|
Litigation settlements, net
|
|
|
(27.9
|
)
|
|
|
12.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
1,140.8
|
|
|
|
584.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings from operations
|
|
|
516.2
|
|
|
|
363.7
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
722.7
|
|
|
|
377.5
|
|
Other income, net
|
|
|
53.3
|
|
|
|
129.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) earnings before income taxes and minority interest
|
|
|
(153.2
|
)
|
|
|
115.3
|
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
24.7
|
|
|
|
50.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (Loss) earnings before minority interest
|
|
|
(177.9
|
)
|
|
|
64.6
|
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
|
|
(2.8
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (Loss) earnings
|
|
$
|
(167.7
|
)
|
|
$
|
67.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$
|
(0.75
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.27
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$
|
(0.75
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.27
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
223.2
|
|
|
|
248.6
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
223.2
|
|
|
|
251.1
|
|
Selected balance sheet data (at period end):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and marketable securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
501.3
|
|
Property, plant and equipment, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
993.3
|
|
Intangible assets, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,845.2
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,621.4
|
|
Long-term debt, including amounts due within one year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,933.0
|
|
Total shareholders equity(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
61.4
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
As part of the Acquisition, a portion of the purchase price will
be allocated to the estimated fair value of
in-process
research and development acquired which reduced our retained
earnings and shareholders equity. Because this expense is
directly attributable to the acquisition and will not have a
continuing impact, it is not reflected in the unaudited
condensed combined pro forma statements of operations. However,
the actual amount based upon a valuation will be recorded as an
expense in our quarter ended December 31, 2007. As a result
of a preliminary valuation, an estimate of $1.78 billion
related to in-process research and development is included. |
S-13
Summary
Mylan Historical Financial Information
The summary historical consolidated financial information of
Mylan as of March 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 and for each of
the three years in the period ended March 31, 2007 has been
derived from the audited consolidated financial statements and
notes thereto of Mylan incorporated by reference in this
prospectus supplement. The summary historical unaudited
condensed consolidated financial information as of
September 30, 2006 and 2007, and for the six months ended
September 30, 2006 and 2007, has been derived from the
unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes
thereto of Mylan incorporated by reference in this prospectus
supplement. We believe the interim information contains all
adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments,
necessary to fairly present this information. The results for
any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results
that may be expected for a full year. You should read the data
below in conjunction with Mylans financial statements
referred to above.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(in millions except per share data)
|
|
|
Statement of earnings:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
$
|
1,253.3
|
|
|
$
|
1,257.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,611.8
|
|
|
$
|
722.8
|
|
|
$
|
1,023.4
|
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
629.8
|
|
|
|
629.5
|
|
|
|
768.1
|
|
|
|
338.5
|
|
|
|
505.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
623.5
|
|
|
|
627.6
|
|
|
|
843.7
|
|
|
|
384.3
|
|
|
|
518.3
|
|
Operating Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
88.2
|
|
|
|
102.4
|
|
|
|
103.7
|
|
|
|
43.9
|
|
|
|
65.2
|
|
In-process research and development written off
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
147.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
259.1
|
|
|
|
225.4
|
|
|
|
215.5
|
|
|
|
100.2
|
|
|
|
173.9
|
|
Litigation settlements, net
|
|
|
(26.0
|
)
|
|
|
12.4
|
|
|
|
(50.1
|
)
|
|
|
(11.5
|
)
|
|
|
(0.8
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
321.3
|
|
|
|
340.2
|
|
|
|
416.1
|
|
|
|
132.6
|
|
|
|
238.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings from operations
|
|
|
302.2
|
|
|
|
287.4
|
|
|
|
427.6
|
|
|
|
251.7
|
|
|
|
280.0
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.3
|
|
|
|
52.3
|
|
|
|
20.8
|
|
|
|
46.0
|
|
Other income, net
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
|
|
18.5
|
|
|
|
50.2
|
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
|
130.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings before income taxes and minority interest
|
|
|
312.3
|
|
|
|
274.6
|
|
|
|
425.5
|
|
|
|
238.3
|
|
|
|
364.5
|
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
108.7
|
|
|
|
90.1
|
|
|
|
208.0
|
|
|
|
85.2
|
|
|
|
137.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earnings before minority interest
|
|
|
203.6
|
|
|
|
184.5
|
|
|
|
217.5
|
|
|
|
153.1
|
|
|
|
226.8
|
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2.8
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earnings
|
|
$
|
203.6
|
|
|
$
|
184.5
|
|
|
$
|
217.3
|
|
|
$
|
153.1
|
|
|
$
|
229.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings per common share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$
|
0.76
|
|
|
$
|
0.80
|
|
|
$
|
1.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.73
|
|
|
$
|
0.92
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$
|
0.74
|
|
|
$
|
0.79
|
|
|
$
|
0.99
|
|
|
$
|
0.71
|
|
|
$
|
0.91
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
269.0
|
|
|
|
229.4
|
|
|
|
215.1
|
|
|
|
210.5
|
|
|
|
248.6
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
273.6
|
|
|
|
234.2
|
|
|
|
219.1
|
|
|
|
214.9
|
|
|
|
251.1
|
|
Cash dividends declared per common share
|
|
$
|
0.12
|
|
|
$
|
0.24
|
|
|
$
|
0.24
|
|
|
$
|
0.12
|
|
|
$
|
0.06
|
|
Selected balance sheet data (at period end):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and marketable securities
|
|
$
|
808.1
|
|
|
$
|
518.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,426.6
|
|
|
$
|
611.7
|
|
|
$
|
1,269.6
|
|
Property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
336.7
|
|
|
|
406.9
|
|
|
|
686.7
|
|
|
|
439.4
|
|
|
|
725.4
|
|
Intangible assets, net
|
|
|
120.5
|
|
|
|
105.6
|
|
|
|
352.8
|
|
|
|
96.2
|
|
|
|
334.5
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
2,135.7
|
|
|
|
1,870.5
|
|
|
|
4,253.9
|
|
|
|
2,035.7
|
|
|
|
4,476.6
|
|
Long-term debt, including amounts due within one year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
687.9
|
|
|
|
1776.4
|
|
|
|
687.0
|
|
|
|
1596.0
|
|
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
1,845.9
|
|
|
|
787.7
|
|
|
|
1,648.9
|
|
|
|
956.8
|
|
|
|
1,886.7
|
|
S-14
Summary
Merck Generics Historical Financial Information
The summary historical combined financial information of Merck
Generics for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and
2006, and as of December 31, 2005 and 2006 has been derived
from the audited financial statements of Merck Generics included
in our Current Report on
Form 8-K/A
filed on November 1, 2007, which is incorporated by
reference herein. The summary historical combined financial
information presented below as of June 30, 2007 and for the
six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2007 is derived from the
Merck Generics unaudited historical interim condensed combined
financial statements which are also included in such
Form 8-K/A.
We believe the interim information contains all adjustments,
consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to
fairly present this information. The results for any interim
period are not necessarily indicative of results that may be
expected for a full year. You should read the data below in
conjunction with the Merck Generics financial statements
referred to above.
The financial statements of Merck Generics are prepared in
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, as
adopted by the European Union. Amounts presented as of
December 31, 2006, and June 30, 2007, have been
translated into U.S. dollars for the convenience of the
reader at an exchange rate of 1 Euro to $1.3197 and 1 Euro to
$1.3520, respectively, which represents the exchange rate on the
dates indicated. Amounts presented for the year ended
December 31, 2006 and for the six months ended
June 30, 2007 have been translated into U.S. dollars
for the convenience of the reader at the rate of 1 Euro to
$1.2563 and 1 Euro to $1.3300, respectively, which represents
the average exchange rate for the periods indicated. See
Financial Information of Merck Generics and Exchange Rate
Information.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
( in millions)
|
|
|
($ in millions)
|
|
|
|
( in millions)
|
|
|
|
($ in millions)
|
|
Combined income statements:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
|
1,544.8
|
|
|
|
1,711.0
|
|
|
|
1,807.0
|
|
|
$
|
2,270.1
|
|
|
|
|
885.2
|
|
|
|
926.1
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,231.7
|
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
854.3
|
|
|
|
956.7
|
|
|
|
954.6
|
|
|
|
1,199.3
|
|
|
|
|
474.5
|
|
|
|
483.9
|
|
|
|
|
643.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin
|
|
|
690.5
|
|
|
|
754.3
|
|
|
|
852.4
|
|
|
|
1,070.8
|
|
|
|
|
410.7
|
|
|
|
442.2
|
|
|
|
|
588.1
|
|
Marketing and selling expenses
|
|
|
294.0
|
|
|
|
291.7
|
|
|
|
323.2
|
|
|
|
406.0
|
|
|
|
|
159.0
|
|
|
|
177.5
|
|
|
|
|
236.1
|
|
Administration expenses
|
|
|
68.1
|
|
|
|
74.6
|
|
|
|
83.1
|
|
|
|
104.4
|
|
|
|
|
38.7
|
|
|
|
41.3
|
|
|
|
|
54.9
|
|
Other operating expenses, net
|
|
|
67.7
|
|
|
|
90.9
|
|
|
|
119.0
|
|
|
|
149.5
|
|
|
|
|
23.2
|
|
|
|
17.2
|
|
|
|
|
22.9
|
|
Research and development expenses
|
|
|
99.4
|
|
|
|
125.3
|
|
|
|
131.8
|
|
|
|
165.6
|
|
|
|
|
67.7
|
|
|
|
60.3
|
|
|
|
|
80.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
161.3
|
|
|
|
171.8
|
|
|
|
195.3
|
|
|
|
245.3
|
|
|
|
|
122.1
|
|
|
|
145.9
|
|
|
|
|
194.0
|
|
Financial income, net
|
|
|
0.9
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
8.9
|
|
|
|
11.2
|
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
|
|
6.8
|
|
|
|
|
9.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income tax
|
|
|
162.2
|
|
|
|
171.9
|
|
|
|
204.2
|
|
|
|
256.5
|
|
|
|
|
125.2
|
|
|
|
152.7
|
|
|
|
|
203.0
|
|
Income tax expense
|
|
|
92.1
|
|
|
|
59.9
|
|
|
|
82.3
|
|
|
|
103.4
|
|
|
|
|
52.6
|
|
|
|
52.0
|
|
|
|
|
69.2
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
70.1
|
|
|
|
112.0
|
|
|
|
121.9
|
|
|
$
|
153.1
|
|
|
|
|
72.6
|
|
|
|
100.7
|
|
|
|
$
|
133.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attributable to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
2.5
|
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
$
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Merck
|
|
|
67.6
|
|
|
|
110.3
|
|
|
|
121.6
|
|
|
$
|
152.7
|
|
|
|
|
71.5
|
|
|
|
100.7
|
|
|
|
$
|
133.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selected balance sheet data (at period end):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
401.5
|
|
|
|
503.4
|
|
|
$
|
664.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
447.2
|
|
|
|
$
|
604.6
|
|
Property, plant and equipment, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
213.6
|
|
|
|
199.1
|
|
|
|
262.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
198.3
|
|
|
|
|
268.1
|
|
Other intangible assets, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
39.4
|
|
|
|
50.8
|
|
|
|
67.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
57.9
|
|
|
|
|
78.3
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,827.6
|
|
|
|
1,916.5
|
|
|
|
2,529.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,103.2
|
|
|
|
|
2,843.5
|
|
Financial liabilities (current and
non-current)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
344.5
|
|
|
|
345.0
|
|
|
|
455.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
301.5
|
|
|
|
|
407.6
|
|
Total equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
922.8
|
|
|
|
1,041.5
|
|
|
|
1,374.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,173.5
|
|
|
|
|
1,586.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S-15
Any investment in our mandatory convertible preferred stock
involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider
the risks described below as well as the matters discussed under
Risk Factors in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the period ended March 31, 2007, our Quarterly Report
on
Form 10-Q
for the period ended September 30, 2007, and in other
documents that we subsequently file with the SEC that are
incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement. Other
risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we
currently deem immaterial may also materially adversely affect
us. If any of such risks actually occur, you may lose all or
part of your investment. The risks discussed below also include
forward-looking statements and our actual results may differ
substantially from those discussed in these forward-looking
statements. See Forward-Looking Statements.
Risks
Relating to Our Business
Our
acquisition of Merck Generics involves a number of integration
risks. These risks could cause a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations and could
cause the market value of our stock to decline.
Our acquisition of Merck Generics involves a number of
integration risks, such as:
|
|
|
|
|
difficulties in successfully integrating the facilities,
operations and personnel of Merck Generics with our historical
business and corporate culture;
|
|
|
|
difficulties in achieving identified financial and operating
synergies;
|
|
|
|
diversion of managements attention from our ongoing
business concerns to integration matters;
|
|
|
|
the potential loss of key personnel or customers;
|
|
|
|
difficulties in consolidating information technology platforms
and corporate infrastructure;
|
|
|
|
difficulties in transitioning the Merck Generics business and
products from the Merck name to achieve a global
brand alignment;
|
|
|
|
our substantial indebtedness and assumed liabilities;
|
|
|
|
the incurrence of significant additional capital expenditures,
transaction and operating expenses and non-recurring
acquisition-related charges;
|
|
|
|
challenges in operating in other markets outside of the United
States that are new to us; and
|
|
|
|
unanticipated effects of export controls, exchange rate
fluctuations, domestic and foreign political conditions or
domestic and foreign economic conditions.
|
These factors could impair our growth and ability to compete,
require us to focus additional resources on integration of
operations rather than other profitable areas, or otherwise
cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause a decline in
the market value of our preferred stock.
We may
fail to realize the expected cost savings, growth opportunities
and other benefits anticipated from the acquisitions of Merck
Generics and a controlling interest in Matrix.
The success of the acquisitions of Merck Generics and a
controlling interest in Matrix will depend, in part, on our
ability to realize anticipated cost savings, revenue synergies
and growth opportunities from integrating the historical
businesses of Mylan, Merck Generics and Matrix. We expect to
benefit from operational cost savings resulting from the
consolidation of capabilities and elimination of redundancies as
well as greater efficiencies from increased scale and market
integration.
There is a risk, however, that the historical businesses of
Mylan, Merck Generics and Matrix may not be combined in a manner
that permits these costs savings or synergies to be realized in
the time currently expected, or at all. This may limit or delay
our ability to integrate the companies manufacturing,
research and development, marketing, organizations, procedures,
policies and operations. In addition, a variety of factors,
including, but not limited to, wage inflation and currency
fluctuations, may adversely affect our anticipated cost savings
and revenues.
S-16
Also, we may be unable to achieve our anticipated cost savings
and synergies without adversely affecting our revenues. If we
are not able to successfully achieve these objectives, the
anticipated benefits of these acquisitions may not be realized
fully, or at all, or may take longer to realize than expected.
These factors could impair our growth and ability to compete,
require us to focus additional resources on integration of
operations rather than other profitable areas, or otherwise
cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause a decline in
the market value of our stock.
We
have grown at a very rapid pace. Our inability to properly
manage or support this growth may have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial position and results of operations
and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
We have grown very rapidly over the past few years, including
with our acquisitions of Merck Generics and a controlling
interest in Matrix. This growth has put significant demands on
our processes, systems and people. We expect to make significant
investments in additional personnel, systems and internal
control processes to help manage our growth. Attracting,
retaining and motivating key employees in various departments
and locations to support our growth is critical to our business,
and competition for these people can be intense. If we are
unable to hire and retain qualified employees and if we do not
continue to invest in systems and processes to manage and
support our rapid growth, there may be a material adverse effect
on our business, financial position and results of operations,
and the market value of our stock could decline.
Our
global expansion through the acquisitions of Merck Generics and
a controlling interest in Matrix exposes us to additional risks
which could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
With our recently completed acquisitions of Merck Generics and a
controlling interest in Matrix, our operations extend to
numerous countries outside the United States. Operating globally
exposes us to certain additional risks including, but not
limited to:
|
|
|
|
|
compliance with a variety of national and local laws of
countries in which we do business, including restrictions on the
import and export of certain intermediates, drugs and
technologies;
|
|
|
|
fluctuations in exchange rates for transactions conducted in
currencies other than the U.S. dollar;
|
|
|
|
adverse changes in the economies in which we operate as a result
of a slowdown in overall growth, a change in government or
economic liberalization policies, or financial, political or
social instability in such countries that affects the markets in
which we operate, particularly emerging markets;
|
|
|
|
wage increases or rising inflation in the countries in which we
operate;
|
|
|
|
natural disasters, including drought, floods and earthquakes in
the countries in which we operate; and
|
|
|
|
communal disturbances, terrorist attacks, riots or regional
hostilities in the countries in which we operate.
|
We also face the risk that some of our competitors have more
experience with operations in such countries or with
international operations generally. Certain of the above factors
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause a decline in
the market value of our stock.
Our
future revenue growth and profitability are dependent upon our
ability to develop and/or license, or otherwise acquire, and
introduce new products on a timely basis in relation to our
competitors product introductions. Our failure to do so
successfully could have a material adverse effect on our
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
Our future revenues and profitability will depend, to a
significant extent, upon our ability to successfully develop
and/or
license, or otherwise acquire and commercialize, new generic and
patent or statutorily protected pharmaceutical products in a
timely manner. Product development is inherently risky,
especially for new drugs for which safety and efficacy have not
been established and the market is not yet proven. Likewise,
product licensing involves inherent risks including
uncertainties due to matters that may
S-17
affect the achievement of milestones, as well as the possibility
of contractual disagreements with regard to terms such as
license scope or termination rights. The development and
commercialization process, particularly with regard to new
drugs, also requires substantial time, effort and financial
resources. We, or a partner, may not be successful in
commercializing any of such products on a timely basis, if at
all, including, without limitation, nebivolol, for which we are
dependent on our partner Forest Laboratories, which could
adversely affect our product introduction plans, business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
Before any prescription drug product, including generic drug
products, can be marketed, marketing authorization approval is
required by the relevant regulatory authorities (for example the
FDA in the United States and the European Medicines Agency, or
EMA) and/or
national regulatory agencies in the European Union, or EU. The
process of obtaining regulatory approval to manufacture and
market new and generic pharmaceutical products is rigorous, time
consuming, costly and largely unpredictable. Outside the United
States, the approval process may be more or less rigorous, and
the time required for approval may be longer or shorter than
that required in the United States. Bio-equivalency studies
conducted in one country may not be accepted in other countries,
and the approval of a pharmaceutical product in one country does
not necessarily mean that the product will be approved in
another country. We, or a partner, may be unable to obtain
requisite approvals on a timely basis for new generic or branded
products that we may develop, license or otherwise acquire.
Moreover, if we obtain regulatory approval for a drug it may be
limited with respect to the indicated uses and delivery methods
for which the drug may be marketed, which could in turn restrict
our potential market for the drug. Also, for products pending
approval, we may obtain raw materials or produce batches of
inventory to be used in efficacy and bioequivalence testing, as
well as in anticipation of the products launch. In the
event that regulatory approval is denied or delayed, we could be
exposed to the risk of this inventory becoming obsolete. The
timing and cost of obtaining regulatory approvals could
adversely affect our product introduction plans, business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline. See
BusinessGovernment Regulation.
The approval process for generic pharmaceutical products often
results in the relevant regulatory agency granting final
approval to a number of generic pharmaceutical products at the
time a patent claim for a corresponding branded product or other
market exclusivity expires. This often forces us to face
immediate competition when we introduce a generic product into
the market. Additionally, further generic approvals often
continue to be granted for a given product subsequent to the
initial launch of the generic product. These circumstances
generally result in significantly lower prices, as well as
reduced margins, for generic products compared to branded
products. New generic market entrants generally cause continued
price and margin erosion over the generic product life cycle.
In the United States, the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term
Restoration Act of 1984, or the Waxman-Hatch Act, provides for a
period of 180 days of generic marketing exclusivity for
each ANDA applicant that is
first-to-file
an ANDA containing a certification of invalidity,
non-infringement or unenforceability related to a patent listed
with respect to a reference drug product, commonly referred to
as a Paragraph IV certification. During this exclusivity
period, which under certain circumstances may be required to be
shared with other applicable ANDA sponsors with
Paragraph IV certifications, the FDA cannot grant final
approval to other ANDA sponsors holding applications for the
same generic equivalent. If an ANDA containing a
Paragraph IV certification is successful and the applicant
is awarded exclusivity, the applicant generally enjoys higher
market share, net revenues and gross margin for that product.
Even if we obtain FDA approval for our generic drug products, if
we are not the first ANDA applicant to challenge a listed patent
for such a product, we may lose significant advantages to a
competitor that filed its ANDA containing such a challenge. The
same would be true in situations where we are required to share
our exclusivity period with other ANDA sponsors with
Paragraph IV certifications. For example, DuoNeb, one of
our key products, came off exclusivity in July 2007, and we
expect this to adversely affect our revenues for that product.
Such situations could have a material adverse effect on our
ability to market that product profitably and on our business,
financial position and results of operations, and the market
value of our stock could decline.
In Europe, there is no exclusivity period for the first generic.
The EMA or national regulatory agencies may grant marketing
authorizations to any number of generics. However, if there are
other relevant patents when the core patent expires, for
example, new formulations, the owner of the original brand
S-18
pharmaceutical may be able to obtain preliminary injunctions in
certain European jurisdictions preventing launch of the generic
product, if the generic company did not commence proceedings in
a timely manner to invalidate any relevant patents prior to
launch of its generic.
In addition, in jurisdictions other than the United States we
may face similar regulatory hurdles and constraints. If we are
unable to navigate our products through all of the regulatory
hurdles we face in a timely manner it could adversely affect our
product introduction plans, business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
If the
transfer pricing arrangements we have among our subsidiaries are
determined to be inappropriate, our tax liability may increase,
which could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
We have transfer pricing arrangements among our subsidiaries in
relation to various aspects of our business, including
manufacturing, marketing, sales and delivery functions. Transfer
pricing regulations in most of the countries in which we operate
require that any international transaction involving associated
companies be on arms-length terms. If, however, a tax
authority in any jurisdiction reviews any of our tax returns and
determines that the transfer prices and terms we have applied
are not appropriate, or that other income of our affiliates
should be taxed in that jurisdiction, we may incur increased tax
liability, including accrued interest and penalties, which would
cause our tax expense to increase. This could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
Our
approved products may not achieve expected levels of market
acceptance, which could have a material adverse effect on our
profitability, business, financial position and results of
operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
Even if we are able to obtain regulatory approvals for our new
pharmaceutical products, generic or branded, the success of
those products is dependent upon market acceptance. Levels of
market acceptance for our new products could be impacted by
several factors, including:
|
|
|
|
|
the availability of alternative products from our competitors;
|
|
|
|
the price of our products relative to that of our competitors;
|
|
|
|
the timing of our market entry;
|
|
|
|
the ability to market our products effectively to the retail
level; and
|
|
|
|
the acceptance of our products by government and private
formularies.
|
Some of these factors are not within our control. Additionally,
continuing studies of the proper utilization, safety and
efficacy of pharmaceutical products are being conducted by the
industry, government agencies and others. Such studies, which
increasingly employ sophisticated methods and techniques, can
call into question the utilization, safety and efficacy of
previously marketed products. In some cases, studies have
resulted, and may in the future result, in the discontinuance of
product marketing or other risk management programs such as the
need for a patient registry. These situations, should they
occur, could have a material adverse effect on our
profitability, business, financial position and results of
operations, and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
A
relatively small group of products may represent a significant
portion of our net revenues, gross profit or net earnings from
time to time. If the volume or pricing of any of these products
declines, it could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations and could
cause the market value of our stock to decline.
Sales of a limited number of our products often represent a
significant portion of our net revenues, gross profit and net
earnings. If the volume or pricing of our largest selling
products declines in the future, our business, financial
position and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected, and the market value of our stock could decline.
S-19
We
face vigorous competition from other pharmaceutical
manufacturers that threatens the commercial acceptance and
pricing of our products. Such competition could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
The generic pharmaceutical industry is highly competitive. We
face competition from many U.S. and foreign manufacturers, some
of whom are significantly larger than we are. Our competitors
may be able to develop products and processes competitive with
or superior to our own for many reasons, including that they may
have:
|
|
|
|
|
proprietary processes or delivery systems;
|
|
|
|
larger research and development and marketing staffs;
|
|
|
|
larger production capabilities in a particular therapeutic area;
|
|
|
|
more experience in preclinical testing and human clinical trials;
|
|
|
|
more products; or
|
|
|
|
more experience in developing new drugs and greater financial
resources, particularly with regard to manufacturers of branded
products.
|
Any of these factors and others could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial position and results of
operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
Because
the pharmaceutical industry is heavily regulated, we face
significant costs and uncertainties associated with our efforts
to comply with applicable regulations. Should we fail to comply,
we could experience material adverse effects on our business,
financial position and results of operations, and the market
value of our stock could decline.
The pharmaceutical industry is subject to regulation by various
governmental authorities. For instance, we must comply with
requirements of the FDA and similar requirements of similar
agencies in our other markets with respect to the manufacture,
labeling, sale, distribution, marketing, advertising, promotion
and development of pharmaceutical products. Failure to comply
with regulations of the FDA and other regulators can result in
fines, disgorgement, unanticipated compliance expenditures,
recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of
production
and/or
distribution, suspension of the applicable regulators review of
our submissions, enforcement actions, injunctions and criminal
prosecution. Under certain circumstances, the regulators may
also have the authority to revoke previously granted drug
approvals. Although we have internal regulatory compliance
programs and policies and have had a favorable compliance
history, there is no guarantee that these programs, as currently
designed, will meet regulatory agency standards in the future.
Additionally, despite our efforts at compliance, there is no
guarantee that we may not be deemed to be deficient in some
manner in the future. If we were deemed to be deficient in any
significant way, our business, financial position and results of
operations could be materially affected and the market value of
our stock could decline.
In Europe we must also comply with regulatory requirements with
respect to the manufacture, labeling, sale, distribution,
marketing, advertising, promotion and development of
pharmaceutical products. Some of these requirements are
contained in EU regulations and governed by the EMA. Other
requirements are set down in national laws and regulations of
the EU Member States. Failure to comply with the regulations can
result in a range of fines, penalties, product
recalls/suspensions or even criminal liability. Similar laws and
regulations exist in most of the markets in which we operate.
In addition to the new drug approval process, government
agencies also regulate the facilities and operational procedures
that we use to manufacture our products. We must register our
facilities with the FDA and other similar regulators. Products
manufactured in our facilities must be made in a manner
consistent with current good manufacturing practices, or cGMP.
Compliance with cGMP regulations requires substantial
expenditures of time, money and effort in such areas as
production and quality control to ensure full technical
compliance. The FDA and other agencies periodically inspect our
manufacturing facilities for compliance. Regulator approval to
manufacture a drug is site-specific. Failure to comply with cGMP
regulations at one of our manufacturing facilities could result
in an enforcement action brought by the FDA or other regulatory
S-20
bodies which could include withholding the approval of our
submissions or other product applications of that facility. If
any regulatory body were to require one of our manufacturing
facilities to cease or limit production, our business could be
adversely affected. Delay and cost in obtaining FDA or other
regulatory approval to manufacture at a different facility also
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause the market
value of our stock to decline.
We are subject, as are generally all manufacturers, to various
federal, state and local laws regulating working conditions, as
well as environmental protection laws and regulations, including
those governing the discharge of materials into the environment.
We are also required to comply with data protection and data
privacy rules in many countries. Although we have not incurred
significant costs associated with complying with environmental
provisions in the past, if changes to such environmental laws
and regulations are made in the future that require significant
changes in our operations or if we engage in the development and
manufacturing of new products requiring new or different
environmental controls, we may be required to expend significant
funds. Such changes could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations and could
cause the market value of our stock to decline.
Our
reporting and payment obligations under the Medicare and/or
Medicaid rebate program and other governmental purchasing and
rebate programs are complex and may involve subjective decisions
that could change as a result of new business circumstances, new
regulatory guidance, or advice of legal counsel. Any
determination of failure to comply with those obligations could
subject us to penalties and sanctions which could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations, and the market value of our stock could
decline.
The regulations regarding reporting and payment obligations with
respect to Medicare
and/or
Medicaid reimbursement and rebates and other governmental
programs are complex, and as discussed in the reports we file
with the SEC and that are incorporated by reference into this
prospectus supplement, we and other pharmaceutical companies are
defendants in a number of suits filed by state attorneys general
and have been notified of an investigation by the United States
Department of Justice with respect to Medicaid reimbursement and
rebates. While we cannot predict the outcome of the
investigation, possible remedies which the United States
government could seek include treble damages, civil monetary
penalties and exclusion from the Medicare and Medicaid programs.
In connection with such an investigation, the United States
government may also seek a Corporate Integrity Agreement
(administered by the Office of Inspector General of HHS) with us
which could include ongoing compliance and reporting
obligations. Because our processes for these calculations and
the judgments involved in making these calculations involve, and
will continue to involve, subjective decisions and complex
methodologies, these calculations are subject to the risk of
errors. In addition, they are subject to review and challenge by
the applicable governmental agencies, and it is possible that
such reviews could result in material changes. Further,
effective October 1, 2007, the Centers for Medicaid and
Medicare Services, or CMS, adopted new rules for Average
Manufacturers Price, or AMP, based on the provisions of
the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005, or DRA. One significant
change as a result of the DRA is that AMP will be disclosed to
the public. AMP was historically kept confidential by the
government and participants in the Medicaid program. Disclosing
AMP to competitors, customers, and the public at large could
negatively affect our leverage in commercial price negotiations.
In addition, as also disclosed in our SEC filings, a number of
state and federal government agencies are conducting
investigations of manufacturers reporting practices with
respect to Average Wholesale Prices, or AWP, in which they have
suggested that reporting of inflated AWP has led to excessive
payments for prescription drugs. We and numerous other
pharmaceutical companies have been named as defendants in
various actions relating to pharmaceutical pricing issues and
whether allegedly improper actions by pharmaceutical
manufacturers led to excessive payments by Medicare
and/or
Medicaid.
Any governmental agencies that have commenced, or may commence,
an investigation of the Company could impose, based on a claim
of violation of fraud and false claims laws or otherwise, civil
and/or
criminal sanctions, including fines, penalties and possible
exclusion from federal health care programs including Medicare
and/or
Medicaid. Some of the applicable laws may impose liability even
in the absence of specific intent to defraud. Furthermore,
should there be ambiguity with regard to how to properly
calculate and report paymentsand even in the absence of
any such ambiguitya governmental authority may take a
S-21
position contrary to a position we have taken, and may impose
civil and/or
criminal sanctions. Any such penalties or sanctions could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
We
expend a significant amount of resources on research and
development efforts that may not lead to successful product
introductions. Failure to successfully introduce products into
the market could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations, and the market
value of our stock could decline.
Much of our development effort is focused on technically
difficult-to-formulate products
and/or
products that require advanced manufacturing technology. We
conduct research and development primarily to enable us to
manufacture and market approved pharmaceuticals in accordance
with applicable regulations. Typically, research expenses
related to the development of innovative compounds and the
filing of marketing authorization applications for innovative
compounds (such as NDAs in the United States) are significantly
greater than those expenses associated with the development of
and filing of marketing authorization applications for, generic
products (such as ANDAs in the United States and abridged
applications in Europe). As we continue to develop new products,
our research expenses will likely increase. Because of the
inherent risk associated with research and development efforts
in our industry, particularly with respect to new drugs
(including, without limitation, nebivolol), our, or a
partners, research and development expenditures may not
result in the successful introduction of new pharmaceutical
products approved by the relevant regulatory bodies. Also, after
we submit a marketing authorization application for a new
compound or generic product, the relevant regulatory authority
may request that we conduct additional studies and, as a result,
we may be unable to reasonably determine the total research and
development costs to develop a particular product. Finally, we
cannot be certain that any investment made in developing
products will be recovered, even if we are successful in
commercialization. To the extent that we expend significant
resources on research and development efforts and are not able,
ultimately, to introduce successful new products as a result of
those efforts, our business, financial position and results of
operations may be materially adversely affected, and the market
value of our stock could decline.
A
significant portion of our net revenues is derived from sales to
a limited number of customers. Any significant reduction of
business with any of these customers could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations, and the market value of our stock could
decline.
A significant portion of our net revenues is derived from sales
to a limited number of customers. If we were to experience a
significant reduction in or loss of business with one such
customer, or if one such customer were to experience difficulty
in paying us on a timely basis, our business, financial position
and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected, and the market value of our stock could decline.
The
use of legal, regulatory and legislative strategies by
competitors, both brand and generic, including authorized
generics and citizens petitions, as well as the
potential impact of proposed legislation, may increase our costs
associated with the introduction or marketing of our generic
products, could delay or prevent such introduction and/or could
significantly reduce our profit potential. These factors could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause the market
value of our stock to decline.
Our competitors, both branded and generic, often pursue
strategies to prevent or delay competition from generic
alternatives to branded products. These strategies include, but
are not limited to:
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entering into agreements whereby other generic companies will
begin to market an authorized generic, a generic equivalent of a
branded product, at the same time generic competition initially
enters the market;
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filing citizens petitions with the FDA or other regulatory
bodies, including timing the filings so as to thwart generic
competition by causing delays of our product approvals;
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seeking to establish regulatory and legal obstacles that would
make it more difficult to demonstrate bioequivalence;
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S-22
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initiating legislative efforts to limit the substitution of
generic versions of brand pharmaceuticals;
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filing suits for patent infringement that may delay regulatory
approval of many generic products;
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introducing next-generation products prior to the
expiration of market exclusivity for the reference product,
which often materially reduces the demand for the first generic
product for which we seek regulatory approval;
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obtaining extensions of market exclusivity by conducting
clinical trials of brand drugs in pediatric populations or by
other potential methods;
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persuading regulatory bodies to withdraw the approval of brand
name drugs for which the patents are about to expire, thus
allowing the brand name company to obtain new patented products
serving as substitutes for the products withdrawn; and
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seeking to obtain new patents on drugs for which patent
protection is about to expire.
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In the United States, some companies have lobbied Congress for
amendments to the Waxman-Hatch legislation that would give them
additional advantages over generic competitors. For example,
although the term of a companys drug patent can be
extended to reflect a portion of the time an NDA is under
regulatory review, some companies have proposed extending the
patent term by a full year for each year spent in clinical
trials rather than the one-half year that is currently permitted.
If proposals like these in the United States, Europe or in other
countries where we operate were to become effective, our entry
into the market and our ability to generate revenues associated
with new products may be delayed, reduced or eliminated, which
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause the market
value of our stock to decline.
We
have substantial indebtedness and will be required to apply a
substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to service
our indebtedness. Our substantial indebtedness may have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
We incurred significant indebtedness to fund a portion of the
consideration for our acquisition of Merck Generics and we will
continue to have significant indebtedness even after this and
the concurrent stock offering. As of September 30, 2007, on
a pro forma basis after giving effect to the Acquisition and the
Financings, the issuance of the preferred stock offered hereby,
the concurrent offering of common stock and the application of
the net proceeds from such offerings to reduce outstanding debt,
the outstanding principal amount of our indebtedness would have
been approximately $6,130.5 million (excluding unused
availability under our revolving credit facility of
approximately $425 million). If we complete this offering
but do not complete the concurrent stock offering, the
outstanding principal amount of our indebtedness on a pro forma
basis would have been approximately $6,709.5 million. Our
high level of indebtedness could have important consequences,
including:
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increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and
industry conditions;
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requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow
from operations and proceeds of any equity issuances to payments
on our indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of cash
flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions
and investments and other general corporate purposes;
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making it difficult for us to optimally capitalize and manage
the cash flow for our businesses;
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limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to,
changes in our businesses and the markets in which we operate;
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making it difficult for us to meet the leverage and interest
coverage ratios required by our Senior Secured Credit Agreement;
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limiting our ability to borrow money or sell stock to fund our
working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and debt
service requirements and other financing needs;
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S-23
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increasing our vulnerability to increases in interest rates in
general because a substantial portion of our indebtedness bears
interest at floating rates;
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requiring us to sell assets in order to pay down debt; and
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placing us at a competitive disadvantage to our competitors that
have less debt.
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If we do not have sufficient cash flow to service our
indebtedness, we may need to refinance all or part of our
existing indebtedness, borrow more money or sell securities,
some or all of which may not be available to us at acceptable
terms or at all. In addition, we may need to incur additional
indebtedness in the future in the ordinary course of business.
Although the terms of our Senior Secured Credit Agreement and
our Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement allow us to incur
additional debt, this is subject to certain limitations which
may preclude us from incurring the amount of indebtedness we
otherwise desire. In addition, if we incur additional debt, the
risks described above could intensify. Furthermore, if future
debt financing is not available to us when required or is not
available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to grow our
business, take advantage of business opportunities, respond to
competitive pressures or satisfy our obligations under our
indebtedness. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial position and results of
operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
Our
credit facilities and any additional indebtedness we incur in
the future impose, or may impose, significant operating and
financial restrictions, which may prevent us from capitalizing
on business opportunities. These factors could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
Our credit facilities and any additional indebtedness we incur
in the future impose, or may impose, significant operating and
financial restrictions on us. These restrictions limit our
ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness,
make investments, pay dividends, prepay other indebtedness, sell
assets, incur certain liens, enter into agreements with our
affiliates or restricting our subsidiaries ability to pay
dividends, or merge or consolidate. In addition, our Senior
Secured Credit Agreement requires us to maintain specified
financial ratios. We cannot assure you that these covenants will
not adversely affect our ability to finance our future
operations or capital needs or to pursue available business
opportunities. A breach of any of these covenants or our
inability to maintain the required financial ratios could result
in a default under the related indebtedness. If a default
occurs, the relevant lenders could elect to declare our
indebtedness, together with accrued interest and other fees, to
be immediately due and payable. These factors could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
We may
decide to sell assets which could adversely affect our prospects
and opportunities for growth.
We may from time to time consider selling certain assets if we
determine that such assets are not critical to our strategy, or
if we believe the opportunity to monetize the asset is
attractive, or in order to reduce indebtedness, or for other
reasons. We have explored and will continue to explore the sale
of certain non-core assets. Although our intention is to engage
in asset sales only if they advance our overall strategy, any
such sale could reduce the size or scope of our business, our
market share in particular markets or our opportunities with
respect to certain markets, products or therapeutic categories.
As a result, any such sale could have an adverse effect on our
business, prospects and opportunities for growth.
We
depend on third-party suppliers and distributors for the raw
materials, particularly the chemical compound(s) comprising the
active pharmaceutical ingredient, that we use to manufacture our
products as well as certain finished goods. A prolonged
interruption in the supply of such products could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations, and the market value of our stock could
decline.
We typically purchase the active pharmaceutical ingredient
(i.e., the chemical compounds that produce the desired
therapeutic effect in our products) and other materials and
supplies that we use in our manufacturing operations, as well as
certain finished products, from many different foreign and
domestic suppliers.
S-24
Additionally, we maintain safety stocks in our raw materials
inventory and, in certain cases where we have listed only one
supplier in our applications with regulatory agencies, have
received regulatory agency approval to use alternative suppliers
should the need arise. However, there is no guarantee that we
will always have timely and sufficient access to a critical raw
material or finished product. A prolonged interruption in the
supply of a single-sourced raw material, including the active
ingredient, or finished product could cause our financial
position and results of operations to be materially adversely
affected, and the market value of our stock could decline. In
addition, our manufacturing capabilities could be impacted by
quality deficiencies in the products which our suppliers
provide, which could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations, and the
market value of our stock could decline.
We utilize controlled substances in certain of its current
products and products in development and therefore must meet the
requirements of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 and the
related regulations administered by the Drug Enforcement
Administration, or DEA, in the United States as well as similar
laws in other countries where we operate. These laws relate to
the manufacture, shipment, storage, sale and use of controlled
substances. The DEA and other regulatory agencies limit the
availability of the active ingredients used in certain of our
current products and products in development and, as a result,
our procurement quota of these active ingredients may not be
sufficient to meet commercial demand or complete clinical
trials. We must annually apply to the DEA and other regulatory
agencies for procurement quota in order to obtain these
substances. Any delay or refusal by the DEA or such regulatory
agencies in establishing our procurement quota for controlled
substances could delay or stop our clinical trials or product
launches, or could cause trade inventory disruptions for those
products that have already been launched, which could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
Our
efforts to transition our Merck Generics subsidiaries away from
the Merck name and away from services being provided by Merck
KGaA may impose inherent risks or result in greater than
expected costs or impediments, which could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
We have a license from Merck KGaA to continue using the
Merck name in company and product names in respect
of the Merck Generics businesses for a two-year transitional
period. We are engaged in efforts to transition in an orderly
manner away from the Merck name and to achieve global brand
alignment. Re-branding may prove to be costly, especially in
markets where the Merck Generics name has strong dominance or
significant equity locally. In addition, brand migration poses
risks of both business disruption and customer confusion. Our
customer outreach and similar efforts may not mitigate fully the
risks of the name changes, which may lead to reductions in
revenues in some markets. These losses may have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
As part of the Merck Generics acquisition we entered into a
transitional services agreement whereby Merck KGaA agreed to
continue to provide certain services including accounting and
information technology to Merck Generics for certain periods.
The cost of transitioning such services from Merck KGaA to us
during those periods as well as the capital expenditures that
may be required for system upgrades may be greater than we
expect or result in other impediments to our business. Such
costs or impediments may have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations and could
cause the market value of our stock to decline.
In addition, in limited circumstances, entities we acquired in
the Acquisition are party to litigation and/or subject to
investigation in matters under which we are entitled to
indemnification by Merck KGaA. However, there are risks inherent
in such indemnities and, accordingly, there can be no assurance
that we will receive the full benefits of such indemnification.
S-25
Our
business is highly dependent upon market perceptions of us, our
brands and the safety and quality of our products. Our business
or brands could be subject to negative publicity, which could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause the market
value of our stock to decline.
Market perceptions of our business are very important to us,
especially market perceptions of our brands and the safety and
quality of our products. If we, or our brands, suffer from
negative publicity, or if any of our products or similar
products which other companies distribute are proven to be, or
are claimed to be, harmful to consumers then this could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline. Also, because we are dependant on market
perceptions, negative publicity associated with illness or other
adverse effects resulting from our products could have a
material adverse impact on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
We
have a limited number of manufacturing facilities producing a
substantial portion of our products. Production at any one of
these facilities could be interrupted, which could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
A substantial portion of our capacity as well as our current
production is attributable to a limited number of manufacturing
facilities. A significant disruption at any one of those
facilities, even on a short-term basis, could impair our ability
to produce and ship products to the market on a timely basis,
which could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
We may
experience declines in the sales volume and prices of our
products as the result of the continuing trend toward
consolidation of certain customer groups, such as the wholesale
drug distribution and retail pharmacy industries, as well as the
emergence of large buying groups. The result of such
developments could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations and could
cause the market value of our stock to decline.
A significant amount of our sales are to a relatively small
number of drug wholesalers and retail drug chains. These
customers represent an essential part of the distribution chain
of generic pharmaceutical products. Drug wholesalers and retail
drug chains have undergone, and are continuing to undergo,
significant consolidation. This consolidation may result in
these groups gaining additional purchasing leverage and
consequently increasing the product pricing pressures facing our
business. Additionally, the emergence of large buying groups
representing independent retail pharmacies and the prevalence
and influence of managed care organizations and similar
institutions potentially enable those groups to attempt to
extract price discounts on our products. The result of these
developments may have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
Our
competitors, including branded pharmaceutical companies, or
other third parties may allege that we are infringing their
intellectual property, forcing us to expend substantial
resources in resulting litigation, the outcome of which is
uncertain. Any unfavorable outcome of such litigation could have
a material adverse effect on our business, financial position
and results of operations and could cause the market value of
our stock to decline.
Companies that produce brand pharmaceutical products routinely
bring litigation against ANDA or similar applicants that seek
regulatory approval to manufacture and market generic forms of
their branded products. These companies allege patent
infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights
as the basis for filing suit against an ANDA or similar
applicant. Likewise, patent holders may bring patent
infringement suits against companies that are currently
marketing and selling their approved generic products.
Litigation often involves significant expense and can delay or
prevent introduction or sale of our generic products. If patents
are held valid and infringed by our products in a particular
jurisdiction, we would, unless we could obtain a license from
the patent holder, need to cease selling in that jurisdiction
and may need to deliver up or destroy existing stock in that
jurisdiction.
S-26
There may also be situations where the Company uses its business
judgment and decides to market and sell products,
notwithstanding the fact that allegations of patent
infringement(s) have not been finally resolved by the courts.
The risk involved in doing so can be substantial because the
remedies available to the owner of a patent for infringement
include, among other things, damages measured by the profits
lost by the patent owner and not necessarily by the profits
earned by the infringer. In the case of a willful infringement,
the definition of which is subjective, such damages may be
trebled. Moreover, because of the discount pricing typically
involved with bioequivalent products, patented branded products
generally realize a substantially higher profit margin than
bioequivalent products. An adverse decision in a case such as
this or in other similar litigation could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
We may
experience reductions in the levels of reimbursement for
pharmaceutical products by governmental authorities, HMOs or
other third-party payers. Any such reductions could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
Various governmental authorities (including the UK National
Health Service and the German statutory health insurance scheme)
and private health insurers and other organizations, such as
health maintenance organizations, or HMOs, in the United States,
provide reimbursement to consumers for the cost of certain
pharmaceutical products. Demand for our products depends in part
on the extent to which such reimbursement is available. In the
United States, third-party payers increasingly challenge the
pricing of pharmaceutical products. This trend and other trends
toward the growth of HMOs, managed health care and legislative
health care reform create significant uncertainties regarding
the future levels of reimbursement for pharmaceutical products.
Further, any reimbursement may be reduced in the future, perhaps
to the point that market demand for our products declines. Such
a decline could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
In Germany recent legislative changes have been introduced which
are aimed at reducing costs for the German statutory health
insurance, or SHI, scheme. The measure is likely to have an
impact upon marketing practice and reimbursement of drugs and
may increase pressure on competition and reimbursement margins.
The Act to Increase Competition in the Statutory Health
Insurance Scheme provides, inter alia: (i) in addition to
the existing reference price scheme, SHI funds will impose
reimbursement caps on innovative drugs; (ii) SHI-funds will
receive a rebate for generic drugs corresponding to 10% of the
selling price, excluding VAT (this does not apply to generic
drugs the price of which is at least 30% below the reference
price); (iii) SHI funds will receive a rebate for generic
drugs corresponding to 16% of the selling price, excluding VAT,
for generics which are not listed in the inventory of groups of
pharmaceuticals with a fixed price to be reimbursed by the
statutory health insurance scheme and (iv) new incentives
for individual rebate contracts between pharmaceutical companies
and single SHI funds. These changes could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
In the UK, the Office of Fair Trading produced recommendations
in February 2007 that suggested that the UK should move towards
a value based pricing structure for the reimbursement of
pharmaceutical products from 2010. If these recommendations are
accepted and lead to change in the system of reimbursement, this
could lead to increased pressure on competition and
reimbursement margins. This could have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial position and results of operations
and could cause the market value of our stock to decline.
Legislative
or regulatory programs that may influence prices of prescription
drugs could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
Current or future federal, state or foreign laws and regulations
may influence the prices of drugs and, therefore, could
adversely affect the prices that we receive for our products.
For example, programs in existence in certain states in the
United States seek to set prices of all drugs sold within those
states through the regulation and administration of the sale of
prescription drugs. Expansion of these programs, in particular
S-27
state Medicare
and/or
Medicaid programs, or changes required in the way in which
Medicare
and/or
Medicaid rebates are calculated under such programs, could
adversely affect the prices we receive for our products and
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause the market
value of our stock to decline.
In order to control expenditure on pharmaceuticals, most member
states in the EU regulate the pricing of products and, in some
cases, limit the range of different forms of pharmaceuticals
available for prescription by national health services. These
controls can result in considerable price differences between
member states.
We are
involved in various legal proceedings and certain government
inquiries and may experience unfavorable outcomes of such
proceedings or inquiries, which could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial position and results of
operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
We are involved in various legal proceedings and certain
government inquiries, including, but not limited to, patent
infringement, product liability, breach of contract and claims
involving Medicare
and/or
Medicaid reimbursements, some of which are described in our
periodic reports and involve claims for, or the possibility of
fines and penalties involving, substantial amounts of money or
other relief. If any of these legal proceedings or inquiries
were to result in an adverse outcome, the impact could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
With respect to product liability, we maintain commercial
insurance to protect against and manage a portion of the risks
involved in conducting our business. Although we carry
insurance, we believe that no reasonable amount of insurance can
fully protect against all such risks because of the potential
liability inherent in the business of producing pharmaceuticals
for human consumption. To the extent that a loss occurs,
depending on the nature of the loss and the level of insurance
coverage maintained, it could have a material adverse effect on
our business, financial position and results of operations and
could cause the market value of our stock to decline.
We
enter into various agreements in the normal course of business
which periodically incorporate provisions whereby we indemnify
the other party to the agreement. In the event that we would
have to perform under these indemnification provisions, it could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause the market
value of our stock to decline.
In the normal course of business, we periodically enter into
employment, legal settlement, and other agreements which
incorporate indemnification provisions. We maintain insurance
coverage which we believe will effectively mitigate our
obligations under certain of these indemnification provisions.
However, should our obligation under an indemnification
provision exceed our coverage or should coverage be denied, our
business, financial position and results of operations could be
materially affected and the market value of our stock could
decline.
Our
future success is highly dependent on our continued ability to
attract and retain key personnel. Any failure to attract and
retain key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations and could
cause the market value of our stock to decline.
It is important that we attract and retain qualified personnel
in order to develop new products and compete effectively. If we
fail to attract and retain key scientific, technical or
management personnel, our business could be affected adversely.
Additionally, while we have employment agreements with certain
key employees in place, their employment for the duration of the
agreement is not guaranteed. If we are unsuccessful in retaining
our key employees, it could have a material adverse effect on
our business, financial position and results of operations and
could cause the market value of our stock to decline.
S-28
We
have begun the implementation of an enterprise resource planning
system. As with any implementation of a significant new system,
difficulties encountered could result in business interruptions,
and could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
We have begun the implementation of an enterprise resource
planning, or ERP, system in the United States to enhance
operating efficiencies and provide more effective management of
our business operations. Implementations of ERP systems and
related software carry risks such as cost overruns, project
delays and business interruptions and delays. If we experience a
material business interruption as a result of our ERP
implementation, it could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations and could
cause the market value of our stock to decline.
Changing
the fiscal year end involves incremental work and complexities
and results in the acceleration of certain deadlines. Failure to
meet these accelerated deadlines and/or issues resulting from
the additional work and complexities could impact our results of
operations and cause our stock to decline.
On October 2, 2007, we amended our bylaws to change our
fiscal year. Our fiscal year previously commenced April 1 and
ended March 31. Our fiscal year will now begin on January 1
and end on December 31. As a result of this we will be
filing a transition report for the nine-month period ending
December 31, 2007 and thereafter report on the basis of a
fiscal year ending December 31. This change involves
significant incremental work as well as certain complexities and
expedited deadlines. Among them are the need to reconfigure
certain internal processes and systems, the acceleration of
effectiveness testing for certain Sarbanes-Oxley compliance
measures for us and our subsidiaries, and accelerated external
audit timing and reporting, including the impact of the Merck
Generics acquisition. Issues may arise as a result of these
additional complexities or expedited deadlines or we may fail to
meet compliance requirements within these accelerated deadlines
which could adversely affect our business, financial position
and results of operations and could cause the market value of
our stock to decline.
Any
future acquisitions or divestitures would involve a number of
inherent risks. These risks could cause a material adverse
effect on our business, financial position and results of
operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
We may continue to seek to expand our product line through
complementary or strategic acquisitions of other companies,
products or assets, or through joint ventures, licensing
agreements or other arrangements or may determine to divest
certain products or assets. Any such acquisitions, joint
ventures or other business combinations may involve significant
challenges in integrating the new companys operations and
divestitures could be equally challenging. Either process may
prove to be complex and time consuming and require substantial
resources and effort. It may also disrupt our ongoing
businesses, which may adversely affect our relationships with
customers, employees, regulators and others with whom we have
business or other dealings.
We may be unable to realize synergies or other benefits expected
to result from any acquisitions, joint ventures or other
transactions or investments we may undertake, or be unable to
generate additional revenue to offset any unanticipated
inability to realize these expected synergies or benefits.
Realization of the anticipated benefits of acquisitions or other
transactions could take longer than expected, and implementation
difficulties, unforeseen expenses, complications and delays,
market factors or a deterioration in domestic and global
economic conditions could alter the anticipated benefits of any
such transactions. We may also compete for certain acquisition
targets with companies having greater financial resources than
us or other advantages over us that may prevent us from
acquiring a target. These factors could impair our growth and
ability to compete, require us to focus additional resources on
integration of operations rather than other profitable areas,
otherwise cause a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
S-29
Matrix,
an important part of our business, is located in India and it is
subject to regulatory, economic, social and political
uncertainties in India. These risks could cause a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
In recent years, Matrix has benefited from many policies of the
Government of India and the Indian state governments in the
states in which we operate, which are designed to promote
foreign investment generally, including significant tax
incentives, liberalized import and export duties and
preferential rules on foreign investment and repatriation. There
is no assurance that such policies will continue. Various
factors, such as changes in the current federal government,
could trigger significant changes in Indias economic
liberalization and deregulation policies and disrupt business
and economic conditions in India generally and our business in
particular.
In addition, our financial performance and the market price of
our securities may be adversely affected by general economic
conditions and economic and fiscal policy in India, including
changes in exchange rates and controls, interest rates and
taxation policies, as well as social stability and political,
economic or diplomatic developments affecting India in the
future. In particular, India has experienced significant
economic growth over the last several years, but faces major
challenges in sustaining that growth in the years ahead. These
challenges include the need for substantial infrastructure
development and improving access to healthcare and education.
Our ability to recruit, train and retain qualified employees and
develop and operate our manufacturing facilities could be
adversely affected if India does not successfully meet these
challenges.
Southern Asia has, from time to time, experienced instances of
civil unrest and hostilities among neighboring countries,
including India and Pakistan. Such military activity or
terrorist attacks in the future could influence the Indian
economy by disrupting communications and making travel more
difficult. Resulting political tensions could create a greater
perception that investments in companies with Indian operations
involve a high degree of risk, and that there is a risk of
disruption of services provided by companies with Indian
operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our
share price
and/or the
market for Matrixs products. Furthermore, if India were to
become engaged in armed hostilities, particularly hostilities
that were protracted or involved the threat or use of nuclear
weapons, Matrix might not be able to continue its operations. We
generally do not have insurance for losses and interruptions
caused by terrorist attacks, military conflicts and wars. These
risks could cause a material adverse effect on our business,
financial position and results of operations and could cause the
market value of our stock to decline.
Movements
in foreign currency exchange rates could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial position and results of
operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
A significant portion of our revenues, indebtedness and our
costs will be denominated in foreign currencies including the
Australian dollar, the British pound, the Canadian dollar, the
Euro, the Indian rupee and the Japanese Yen. We report our
financial results in U.S. dollars. Our results of
operations could be adversely affected by certain movements in
exchange rates. From time to time, we may implement currency
hedges intended to reduce our exposure to changes in foreign
currency exchange rates. However, our hedging strategies may not
be successful, and any of our unhedged foreign exchange payments
will continue to be subject to market fluctuations. These risks
could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause the market
value of our stock to decline.
If we
fail to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property
rights, then we could lose revenue under our licensing
agreements or lose sales to generic copies of our branded
products. These risks could cause a material adverse effect on
our business, financial position and results of operations and
could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
Our success, particularly in our specialty business, depends in
large part on our ability to obtain, maintain and enforce
patents, and protect trade secrets, know-how and other
proprietary information. Our ability to commercialize any
branded product successfully will largely depend upon our
ability to obtain and maintain patents of sufficient scope to
prevent third parties from developing substantially equivalent
products. In the absence of patent and trade secret protection,
competitors may adversely affect our branded products
S-30
business by independently developing and marketing substantially
equivalent products. It is also possible that we could incur
substantial costs if we are required to initiate litigation
against others to protect or enforce our intellectual property
rights.
We have filed patent applications covering composition of,
methods of making,
and/or
methods of using, our branded products and branded product
candidates. We may not be issued patents based on patent
applications already filed or that we file in the future and if
patents are issued, they may be insufficient in scope to cover
our branded products. The issuance of a patent in one country
does not ensure the issuance of a patent in any other country.
Furthermore, the patent position of companies in the
pharmaceutical industry generally involves complex legal and
factual questions and has been and remains the subject of much
litigation. Legal standards relating to scope and validity of
patent claims are evolving. Any patents we have obtained, or
obtain in the future, may be challenged, invalidated or
circumvented. Moreover, the United States Patent and Trademark
Office may commence interference proceedings involving our
patents or patent applications. Any challenge to, or
invalidation or circumvention of, our patents or patent
applications would be costly, would require significant time and
attention of our management, could cause a material adverse
effect on our business, financial position and results of
operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
Our
specialty business develops, formulates, manufactures and
markets branded products that are subject to risks. These risks
could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations and could cause the market
value of our stock to decline.
Our branded products, developed, formulated, manufactured and
marketed by our specialty business may be subject to the
following risks:
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limited patent life;
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competition from generic products;
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reductions in reimbursement rates by third-party payors;
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importation by consumers;
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product liability;
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drug development risks arising from typically greater research
and development investments than generics; and
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unpredictability with regard to establishing a market.
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These risks could cause a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations and could
cause the market value of our stock to decline.
We
must maintain adequate internal controls and be able, on an
annual basis, to provide an assertion as to the effectiveness of
such controls. Failure to maintain adequate internal controls or
to implement new or improved controls could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
Effective internal controls are necessary for the Company to
provide reasonable assurance with respect to its financial
reports. We are spending a substantial amount of management time
and resources to comply with changing laws, regulations and
standards relating to corporate governance and public
disclosure. In the United States such changes include the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, new SEC regulations and the New York
Stock Exchange rules. In particular, Section 404 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires managements annual
review and evaluation of our internal control over financial
reporting and attestations as to the effectiveness of these
controls by our independent registered public accounting firm.
If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, we
may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing
basis that we have effective internal control over financial
reporting. Additionally, internal control over financial
reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements because of its
inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error,
the circumvention or overriding of controls, or fraud.
Therefore, even effective internal controls can provide only
reasonable assurance with respect to the preparation and fair
presentation of financial statements. In addition, projections
of any evaluation of effectiveness of internal control over
S-31
financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk
that the control may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies
or procedures may deteriorate. If the Company fails to maintain
the adequacy of its internal controls, including any failure to
implement required new or improved controls, this could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations, and the market value of our stock could
decline.
During fiscal year 2007 we acquired a controlling stake in
Matrix and on October 2, 2007 we acquired Merck Generics.
For purposes of managements evaluation of our internal
control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2007, we
elected to exclude Matrix from the scope of managements
assessment as permitted by guidance provided by the SEC. Matrix
will be included in, but Merck Generics will be excluded from,
managements assessment of the effectiveness of the
Companys internal controls over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2007. If we fail to implement and maintain
adequate internal controls, it could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial position and results of
operations, and the market value of our stock could decline.
There
are inherent uncertainties involved in estimates, judgments and
assumptions used in the preparation of financial statements in
accordance with GAAP. Any future changes in estimates, judgments
and assumptions used or necessary revisions to prior estimates,
judgments or assumptions or changes in accounting standards
could lead to a restatement or revision to previously
consolidated financial statements which could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
The consolidated and condensed consolidated financial statements
included in the periodic reports we file with the SEC are
prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. The
preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP
involves making estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect
reported amounts of assets (including intangible assets),
liabilities, revenues, expenses (including acquired in process
research and development) and income. Estimates, judgments and
assumptions are inherently subject to change in the future and
any necessary revisions to prior estimates, judgments or
assumptions could lead to a restatement. Also, any new or
revised accounting standards may require adjustments to
previously issued financial statements. Any such changes could
result in corresponding changes to the amounts of assets
(including goodwill and other intangible assets), liabilities,
revenues, expenses (including acquired in process research and
development) and income. Any such changes could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
We are
subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar
worldwide anti-bribery laws, which impose restrictions and may
carry substantial penalties. Any violations of these laws, or
allegations of such violations, could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial position and results of
operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar
anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit
companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments
to officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business.
Our policies mandate compliance with these anti-bribery laws,
which often carry substantial penalties. We operate in
jurisdictions that have experienced governmental corruption to
some degree, and, in certain circumstances, strict compliance
with anti-bribery laws may conflict with certain local customs
and practices. We cannot assure you that our internal control
policies and procedures always will protect us from reckless or
other inappropriate acts committed by our affiliates, employees
or agents. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such
violations, could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and results of operations and could
cause the market value of our stock to decline.
Risks
Relating to Our Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock
We may
not be able to pay cash dividends on the mandatory convertible
preferred stock.
Our Senior Secured Credit Agreement and our Senior Unsecured
Interim Loan Agreement limit, and any indentures and other
financing agreements that we enter into in the future will
likely limit, our ability to pay cash dividends on our capital
stock, including the mandatory convertible preferred stock. In
the event that
S-32
any indentures or other financing agreements in the future
restrict our ability to pay cash dividends on the mandatory
convertible preferred stock, we will be unable to pay cash
dividends on the mandatory convertible preferred stock unless we
can refinance amounts outstanding under those agreements. We
have no obligation to refinance such amounts, and we may elect
to pay dividends in shares of our common stock, or defer
dividends, instead of paying dividends in cash. If we elect to
defer dividends, you will not receive any interest on such
deferred dividends, and if we elect to pay dividends partially
or entirely in shares of our common stock, you may not be able
to sell such shares of common stock for cash equal to the full
stated amount of such dividends. Additionally, the certificate
of designations for the mandatory preferred stock will limit the
maximum number of shares we are required to deliver to satisfy
our obligations to pay any dividends we have elected to pay in
common stock. See Description of Mandatory Convertible
Preferred Stock Method of Payment of Dividends.
Under Pennsylvania law, cash dividends on capital stock may only
be paid from surplus. Unless we continue to operate
profitably, our ability to pay cash dividends on the mandatory
convertible preferred stock would require the availability of
adequate surplus, which is defined as the excess, if
any, of our net assets (total assets less total liabilities)
over our capital. Further, even if adequate surplus is available
to pay cash dividends on the mandatory convertible preferred
stock, we may not have sufficient cash to pay dividends on the
mandatory convertible preferred stock.
A
holder of our mandatory convertible preferred stock would bear
the risk of any decline in the market value of our common
stock.
The market value of our common shares on the mandatory
conversion date may be less than the market price corresponding
to the maximum conversion rate, which we call the initial price,
in which case holders of our mandatory convertible preferred
stock will receive shares of our common stock on the mandatory
conversion date with a market value per share that is less than
the initial price. Accordingly, a holder of mandatory
convertible preferred stock assumes the entire risk that the
market value of our common stock may decline. Any decline in the
market price of shares of our common stock and related decline
in value of the mandatory convertible preferred stock may be
substantial and, depending on the extent of the decline, you
could lose all or substantially all of your investment in the
mandatory convertible preferred stock.
Purchasers
of our mandatory convertible preferred stock may not realize any
or all of the benefit of an increase in the market price of
shares of our common stock.
The market value of our common stock that you will receive upon
mandatory conversion of our mandatory convertible preferred
stock on the mandatory conversion date will exceed the stated
amount of $1,000.00 per mandatory convertible preferred stock
only if the applicable market value of our common stock as
defined under Description of Mandatory Convertible
Preferred StockMandatory Conversion equals or
exceeds the threshold appreciation price of
$ . The threshold appreciation
price represents an appreciation of
approximately % over the initial
price. This means that the opportunity for equity appreciation
provided by an investment in our mandatory convertible preferred
stock is less than that provided by a direct investment in
shares of our common stock.
If the applicable market value of our common stock exceeds the
initial price but is less than the threshold appreciation price,
a holder of our mandatory convertible preferred stock will
realize no equity appreciation on our common stock. Furthermore,
if the applicable market value of our common stock exceeds the
threshold appreciation price, the value of the common stock
received upon conversion will be
approximately % of the value of the
common stock that could be purchased with $1,000.00 at the time
of this offering.
The
trading price of our common stock will directly affect the
trading price for our mandatory convertible preferred
stock.
The trading price of our common stock will directly affect the
trading price of our mandatory convertible preferred stock. For
instance, if our financial results are below the expectations of
securities analysts and investors, the market price of our
common stock and our mandatory convertible preferred stock could
decrease, perhaps significantly. Other factors that may affect
the market price of our common stock and
S-33
our mandatory convertible preferred stock include announcements
relating to significant corporate transactions; fluctuations in
our quarterly and annual financial results; operating and stock
price performance of companies that investors deem comparable to
us; and changes in government regulation or proposals relating
to us. In addition, the U.S. securities markets have experienced
significant price and volume fluctuations. These fluctuations
often have been unrelated to the operating performance of
companies in these markets. Market fluctuations and broad
market, economic and industry factors may negatively affect the
price of our common stock, regardless of our operating
performance. You may not be able to sell your shares of our
mandatory convertible preferred stock at or above the public
offering price, or at all. Any volatility of or a significant
decrease in the market price of our mandatory convertible
preferred stock could also negatively affect our ability to make
acquisitions using preferred stock. Further, if we were to be
the object of securities class action litigation as a result of
volatility in our mandatory convertible preferred stock price or
for other reasons, it could result in substantial costs and
diversion of our managements attention and resources,
which could negatively affect our financial results.
You
may suffer dilution of the shares of our common stock issuable
upon conversion of our mandatory convertible preferred
stock.
The number of shares of our common stock issuable upon
conversion of our mandatory convertible preferred stock is
subject to adjustment only for share splits and combinations,
share dividends and specified other transactions. The number of
shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion is not
subject to adjustment for other events, such as employee stock
option grants, offerings of our common stock for cash or in
connection with acquisitions, or other transactions which may
reduce the price of our common stock. The terms of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock do not restrict our ability to offer
common stock in the future or to engage in other transactions
that could dilute our common stock. We have no obligation to
consider the interests of the holders of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock in engaging in any such offering or
transaction.
Purchasers
of our mandatory convertible preferred stock may suffer dilution
of our mandatory convertible preferred stock upon the issuance
of a new series of preferred stock ranking equally with the
mandatory convertible preferred stock sold in this
offering.
The terms of our mandatory convertible preferred stock will not
restrict our ability to offer a new series of preferred stock
that ranks equally with our mandatory convertible preferred
stock in the future or to engage in other transactions that
could dilute our mandatory convertible preferred stock. We have
no obligation to consider the interests of the holders of our
mandatory convertible preferred stock in engaging in any such
offering or transaction.
Holders
of convertible preferred stock will have no rights as a common
shareholder until they acquire our common stock.
Until you acquire shares of our common stock upon conversion,
you will have no rights with respect to our common stock,
including voting rights (except as required by Pennsylvania law
and as described under Description of Mandatory
Convertible Preferred StockVoting Rights), rights to
respond to tender offers and rights to receive any dividends or
other distributions on our common stock. To exercise any voting
rights described under Description of Mandatory
Convertible Preferred StockVoting Rights, you may
only request that we call a special meeting of the holders of
our mandatory convertible preferred stock and you may not call a
meeting directly. Upon conversion, you will be entitled to
exercise the rights of a holder of common stock only as to
matters for which the record date occurs after the conversion
date. For example, in the event that an amendment is proposed to
our amended and restated articles of incorporation or bylaws
requiring stockholder approval, and the record date for
determining the stockholders of record entitled to vote on the
amendment occurs prior to the conversion date, you will not be
entitled to vote on the amendment unless it would amend, alter
or affect the powers, preferences or rights of the mandatory
convertible preferred stock in a manner that would adversely
affect the rights of holders of the mandatory convertible
preferred stock, although you will nevertheless be subject to
any changes in the powers, preferences or special rights of our
common stock.
S-34
Our
mandatory convertible preferred stock will rank junior to all of
our and our subsidiaries liabilities in the event of a
bankruptcy, liquidation or winding up of our
assets.
In the event of bankruptcy, liquidation or winding-up, our
assets will be available to pay obligations on our mandatory
convertible preferred stock only after all of our liabilities
have been paid. In addition, our mandatory convertible preferred
stock will effectively rank junior to all existing and future
liabilities of our subsidiaries and the capital stock of our
subsidiaries held by third parties. The rights of holders of our
mandatory convertible preferred stock to participate in the
assets of our subsidiaries upon any liquidation or
reorganization of any subsidiary will rank junior to the prior
claims of that subsidiarys creditors and minority equity
holders. In the event of bankruptcy, liquidation or winding up,
there may not be sufficient assets remaining, after paying our
and our subsidiaries liabilities, to pay amounts due on
any or all of our mandatory convertible preferred stock then
outstanding.
You
may have to pay taxes with respect to constructive distributions
that you do not receive.
The conversion rate of our mandatory convertible preferred stock
will be adjusted in certain circumstances. See Description
of Mandatory Convertible Preferred StockAnti-Dilution
Adjustments. For U.S. federal income tax purposes,
adjustments to a fixed conversion rate, or failures to make
certain adjustments, that have the effect of increasing your
proportionate interest in our assets or earnings and profits may
result in a deemed distribution to you. Such deemed distribution
will be taxable to you, even though you do not actually receive
a distribution. If you are a non-U.S. holder (as defined in
Certain United States Federal Income Tax
Considerations), such deemed distribution may be subject
to U.S. federal income tax at a 30% or reduced treaty rate,
collected by withholding. We will withhold the U.S. federal tax
on such dividend from any cash, shares of common stock, or sales
proceeds otherwise payable to you. See Certain U.S.
Federal Income Tax Considerations.
Resales
of shares of our common stock following the transactions and
future issuances of equity or
equity-linked
securities by us may cause the market price of our common stock
to fall.
As of October 26, 2007, we had 248,891,625 shares of
common stock outstanding, 26,755,853 shares authorized for
issuance upon conversion of our convertible notes,
26,755,853 shares underlying our convertible note hedge and
warrant transactions associated with our convertible notes, and
21,993,721 shares authorized for issuance upon the exercise
of outstanding options or the vesting of restricted stock units.
The issuance of our mandatory convertible preferred stock
offered hereby (including
approximately million
shares issuable upon conversion of such shares (assuming no
exercise of the underwriters overallotment option)), the
concurrent common stock offering, and the sale of additional
shares that may become eligible for sale in the public market
from time to time upon the exercise of options, conversion of
our convertible notes or exercise of warrants could have the
effect of depressing the market price for our common stock.
The
cash acquisition conversion rate and the cash acquisition
dividend make-whole payment may not adequately compensate you
upon a cash acquisition.
If a cash acquisition occurs, you will be permitted to convert
your shares of mandatory convertible preferred stock early, and
we will deliver shares of our common stock calculated at the
cash acquisition conversion rate. We will also pay a cash
acquisition dividend make-whole payment intended to compensate
you for the lost value of future dividends. A description of how
the cash acquisition conversion rate and the cash acquisition
dividend make-whole payment will be determined and the form in
which it will be paid is set forth under Description of
Mandatory Convertible Preferred StockConversion Upon Cash
Acquisition; Cash Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole Amount.
Although these features are designed to compensate you for the
lost value of your mandatory convertible preferred stock, they
are only an approximation of this lost value and may not
adequately compensate you. Furthermore, the term cash
acquisition applies only to specific types of transaction,
and if we engage in other transactions you may not receive any
adjustment to the conversion rate or dividend make-whole payment
even though the value of your mandatory convertible preferred
stock may be affected.
S-35
We are
a holding company and our ability to meet our obligations
depends on our ability to receive dividends or other
distributions from our subsidiaries.
Our operations are conducted through direct and indirect
subsidiaries. Our ability to meet our obligations is dependent
on dividends and other distributions or payments from our
subsidiaries. The ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends
or make distributions or other payments to us depends upon the
availability of cash flow from operations, proceeds from the
sale of assets
and/or
borrowings, and, in the case of non-wholly owned subsidiaries,
our contractual arrangements with other equity holders.
In addition, any payment of interest, dividends, distributions,
loans or advances by our operating subsidiaries to us could be
subject to restrictions on dividends or repatriation of
distributions under applicable local law, monetary transfer
restrictions and foreign currency exchange regulations in the
jurisdictions in which the subsidiaries operate or under
arrangements with local partners, as well as dividend
withholding taxes. For example, in India and Australia dividends
may be subject to dividend withholding tax where an Indian or an
Australian entity pays dividends to a non-Indian or
non-Australian shareholder.
A
portion of the net proceeds of this offering will be received by
affiliates of certain of our underwriters. This may present a
conflict of interest.
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to repay
outstanding indebtedness under our Senior Unsecured Interim Loan
Agreement. Several of the underwriters, including Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Goldman,
Sachs & Co., Citigroup Global Markets Inc.,
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC
and Mitsubishi UFJ Securities International plc have affiliates
who are lenders under such agreement and who will receive such
net proceeds. These relationships may present a conflict of
interest since such underwriters may have an interest in the
successful completion of this offering in addition to the
underwriting discounts and commissions they would receive. See
Underwriting.
S-36
RATIO
OF EARNINGS TO COMBINED FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED
DIVIDENDS
The following table sets forth our consolidated ratio of
earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred dividends for
the periods indicated.
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Six Months Ended
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Year Ended March 31,
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September 30,
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2003
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2004
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2005
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2006
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2007
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2007
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Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock
dividends
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8.56x
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8.21x
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8.82x
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For the purpose of computing the ratio of earnings to combined
fixed charges and preferred dividends earnings consist of income
before provision for income taxes and before adjustment for
losses or earnings from equity investments plus fixed charges
and dividends received from equity investments. Fixed charges
consist of interest charges (whether expensed or capitalized),
amortization of debt expense, preferred stock dividend
requirements and that portion of rental expense we believe to be
representative of interest. Note that prior to our fiscal year
ended March 31, 2006, interest charges and that portion of
rental expense representative of interest were immaterial. In
addition, prior to this offering we did not have any preferred
stock dividend requirements, as no shares of preferred stock had
been issued. Neither the Acquisition, the indebtedness incurred
through the Financings nor the proceeds from this offering (or
the concurrent offering) are included in the above calculation.
S-37
We estimate the net proceeds to us from the offering after
deducting underwriting discounts and estimated offering
expenses, will be approximately
$
($
if the underwriters over allotment option is exercised in
full). We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering,
together with any net proceeds of the concurrent offering of
common stock, to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness
under our Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement which was
incurred to fund a portion of the purchase price of the
acquisition of Merck Generics and related acquisition costs.
Such indebtedness currently bears interest at LIBOR plus 4.50%
per annum. Affiliates of several of the underwriters are lenders
under the Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement and will
receive a portion of the net proceeds from this offering, which
are being applied to repay such debt. See
Underwriting.
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The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and
our capitalization as of September 30, 2007:
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on an actual basis;
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on a pro forma basis to reflect the Transactions as if they had
occurred on September 30, 2007; and
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on a pro forma as adjusted basis to (i) reflect the
Transactions and (ii) give effect to our receipt of
estimated net proceeds from this offering of
1,400,000 shares of mandatory convertible preferred stock
(assuming no exercise of the underwriters over allotment
option) and from our concurrent offering of
40,000,000 shares of common stock and the application of
the net proceeds therefrom to repay debt under our Senior
Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement and the use of such proceeds in
the repayment of the interim loans as described under
SummaryConcurrent Transactions, as if they had
occurred on September 30, 2007.
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This table is unaudited and should be read in conjunction with
Summary Historical Financial Information of Mylan,
Summary Historical Financial Information of Merck
Generics and Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined
Financial Information included herein, as well as
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations and our consolidated
financial statements and related notes included in our Annual
Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended March 31, 2007 and our Quarterly Report
on
Form 10-Q
for the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, and
the unaudited combined pro forma financial statements and the
related notes and the historical financial statements and
related notes of Merck Generics included in our Current Report
on
Form 8-K/A
filed on November 1, 2007, each of which is incorporated by
reference herein. The following table assumes no exercise of the
underwriters over allotment options.
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As of September 30, 2007
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Pro Forma As
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Actual
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Pro Forma
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Adjusted(9)
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(Dollars in millions)
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Cash and marketable securities
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$
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1,269.6
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$
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501.3
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$
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501.3
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|
|
Indebtedness (including short-term):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Existing senior credit facilities(1)
|
|
$
|
450.0
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
New senior secured credit facilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Term loans(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,100.0
|
|
|
|
4,100.0
|
|
Revolving credit facility(3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325.0
|
|
|
|
325.0
|
|
Interim loans(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,850.0
|
|
|
|
923.0
|
|
Existing convertible notes(5)
|
|
|
600.0
|
|
|
|
600.0
|
|
|
|
600.0
|
|
Existing senior notes(6)
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
|
|
2.7
|
|
|
|
2.7
|
|
Short term borrowings(7)
|
|
|
120.4
|
|
|
|
127.9
|
|
|
|
127.9
|
|
Other(8)
|
|
|
46.0
|
|
|
|
51.9
|
|
|
|
51.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total indebtedness
|
|
$
|
1,716.4
|
|
|
$
|
8,057.5
|
|
|
$
|
6,130.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock $0.50 par value:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authorized600,000,000 shares; issued and
outstanding248,834,699 shares, actual and pro forma,
288,834,699 shares as further adjusted
|
|
|
169.9
|
|
|
|
169.9
|
|
|
|
189.9
|
|
Preferred stock $0.50 par value:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authorized5,000,000 shares; %
mandatory convertible preferred stock, liquidation preference
$1,000 per share: issued and outstandingno shares, actual
and pro forma, 1,400,000 shares as further adjusted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.7
|
|
Capital in excess of par value
|
|
|
986.5
|
|
|
|
986.5
|
|
|
|
2,892.8
|
|
Retained earnings (10)
|
|
|
2,306.4
|
|
|
|
481.1
|
|
|
|
481.1
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
Treasury stock
|
|
|
(1,588.2
|
)
|
|
|
(1,588.2
|
)
|
|
|
(1,588.2
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
1,886.7
|
|
|
|
61.4
|
|
|
|
1,988.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capitalization
|
|
$
|
3603.1
|
|
|
$
|
8,118.9
|
|
|
$
|
8,118.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S-39
(footnotes on following page)
|
|
|
(1) |
|
$450 million borrowed under a term loan agreement as part
of our previous 2007 credit facility. This amount was repaid as
part of the Financings. |
|
(2) |
|
Consisting of U.S. dollar term loans and a Euro term loan under
our Senior Secured Credit Agreement. At October 2, 2007,
$2,500 million of borrowings were outstanding under the
U.S. dollar term loans and 1,130 million
($1,600 million) of borrowings were outstanding under the
Euro term loan. |
|
(3) |
|
Consisting of U.S. dollar $750 million revolving credit
facility under our Senior Secured Credit Agreement. At
October 2, 2007, $325 million of borrowings were
outstanding under the revolving credit facility. |
|
(4) |
|
At October 2, 2007, $2,850 million of borrowings were
outstanding under our Senior Unsecured Interim Agreement. Pro
forma as adjusted column assumes repayment of
$1,927 million with estimated net proceeds of offerings
based on the last reported sale price of our common stock on
October 31, 2007. |
|
(5) |
|
$600 million of 1.25% senior convertible notes due
2012. |
|
(6) |
|
Senior notes on an actual basis is comprised of
$150 million aggregate principal amount of
5.750% senior notes due 2010 and $350 million
aggregate principal amount of 6.375% senior notes due 2015.
In connection with the completion of the Acquisition, we
completed cash tender offers for $147.5 million in
aggregate principal amount of the 2010 Notes and
$349.8 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2015
Notes. |
|
(7) |
|
Short-term borrowings held by Matrix in the amount of
approximately $120.4 million which represent working
capital facilities with several banks, which are secured first
by Matrixs current assets and second by Matrixs
property, plant and equipment and carry interest rates of
4%14%. |
|
(8) |
|
Other consists primarily of a 32.5 million term loan
held by Matrix. |
|
(9) |
|
Reflects issuance of 1,400,000 shares of mandatory
convertible preferred stock offered hereby and
40,000,000 shares of common stock offered concurrently
herewith, both assuming no exercise of the underwriters
over allotment option, as well as the application of the net
proceeds from these offerings to repay a portion of the Senior
Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement. Neither offering is
conditioned on the other. |
|
(10) |
|
As part of the Acquisition, a portion of the purchase price will
be allocated to the estimated fair value of in-process research
and development acquired which reduced our retained earnings and
shareholders equity. Because this expense is directly
attributable to the acquisition and will not have a continuing
impact, it is not reflected in the unaudited condensed combined
pro forma statements of operations. However, the actual amount
based upon a valuation will be recorded as an expense in our
quarter ended December 31, 2007. As a result of a
preliminary valuation, an estimate of $1.78 billion related
to
in-process
research and development is included. |
S-40
UNAUDITED
PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The unaudited condensed combined pro forma statements of
operations are presented to show how Mylan might have looked had
the acquisition of Merck Generics and the acquisition of a
controlling interest in Matrix occurred on April 1, 2006.
The unaudited condensed combined pro forma balance sheet is
presented to show how Mylan might have looked had the
acquisition of Merck Generics occurred on September 30,
2007. This pro forma information is based on, and should be read
in conjunction with, the historical financial statements of
Mylan for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007, included in
our
Form 10-K
filed May 30, 2007, and for the six months ended
September 30, 2007, included in our
Form 10-Q
filed November 1, 2007 and incorporated by reference
herein, the historical financial statements of Merck Generics
for the year ended December 31, 2006 and the six months
ended June 30, 2007, which are incorporated by reference
herein and the historical financial statements of Matrix for the
nine months ended December 31, 2006, which are incorporated
by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on
February 20, 2007.
The unaudited condensed combined pro forma statement of
operations for the twelve months ended March 31, 2007,
combines information from the audited historical consolidated
statement of earnings of Mylan for the year ended March 31,
2007, the unaudited historical condensed consolidated statement
of operations for Matrix for the nine months ended
December 31, 2006, and a U.S. GAAP historical combined
income statement information of Merck Generics, which is derived
from the audited historical combined income statement
information of Merck Generics for the year ended
December 31, 2006. The unaudited condensed combined pro
forma statement of operations for the six months ended
September 30, 2007, combines information from the unaudited
historical condensed consolidated statement of earnings of Mylan
for the six months ended September 30, 2007, U.S. GAAP
historical combined income statement information of Merck
Generics, for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The
unaudited condensed combined pro forma balance sheet combines
information from the unaudited historical condensed consolidated
balance sheet of Mylan as of September 30, 2007 and
U.S. GAAP historical combined balance sheet of Merck
Generics, as of June 30, 2007.
The allocation of the preliminary purchase price as reflected in
these condensed pro forma combined financial statements has been
based upon preliminary estimates of the total purchase price to
be paid to Merck KGaA, or Merck, by Mylan, which is subject to
certain working capital and other adjustments based on the audit
of a closing balance sheet to be prepared by Merck for Mylan,
and preliminary estimates of the fair value of Merck
Generics assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the
date of the acquisition. Management is currently assessing the
fair values of in-process research and development, tangible and
intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. This
preliminary allocation of the purchase price is dependent upon
certain estimates and assumptions including but not limited to
determining the timing and estimated costs to complete the
in-process research and development projects, projecting
regulatory approvals, estimating future cash flows, and
development appropriate discount rates. The fair value estimates
for the purchase price allocation are preliminary and have been
made solely for the purpose of developing such pro forma
condensed combined financial statements.
A final determination of the fair value of Merck Generics
in-process research and development, tangible and intangible
assets acquired and liabilities assumed, will be based on the
actual net tangible and intangible assets of Merck Generics as
well as in-going research and development project, that existed
as of the date of the acquisition and such valuations could
change significantly upon the completion of further analyses and
asset valuations from those used in the unaudited condensed
combined pro forma financial statements presented below. The
final valuation is expected to be completed as soon as
practicable but no later than 12 months after the
consummation of the acquisition, or October 2, 2008.
The historical U.S. GAAP Merck Generics balance
sheet information included in the unaudited condensed combined
pro forma financial statements was derived from Merck
Generics unaudited balance sheet at June 30, 2007
prepared in accordance with IFRS; the historical balance sheet
information was converted to U.S. GAAP and translated into
U.S. dollars using an exchange rate of U.S. $1=
0.74. The historical U.S. GAAP Merck
Generics combined income statement information included in
the unaudited condensed combined pro forma financial statements
were derived from Merck Generics audited combined
S-41
income statement for the twelve month period ended
December 31, 2006, and the unaudited interim condensed
combined income statement for the six month period ended
June 30, 2007, both prepared in accordance with IFRS; the
historical income statement information was converted to
U.S. GAAP and translated into U.S. dollars using an
exchange rate of U.S. $1 = 0.80 and U.S. $1 =
0.75, respectively. Reconciliations of equity as of
June 30, 2007 and net income for the year ended
December 31, 2006 and the six months ended June 30,
2007 between IFRS and U.S. GAAP in Euros are included in a
note to Merck Generics historical financial statements
incorporated by reference herein.
As Mylan completed its acquisition of a 71.5% controlling
interest in Matrix in January 2007 and has consolidated the
results of Matrix since that time, the effects of purchase
accounting related to Matrix are included in Mylans
historical September 30, 2007 condensed consolidated
balance sheet. Certain Matrix pro forma adjustments for the nine
months ending December 31, 2006 have been updated from the
previous unaudited condensed combined pro forma information
filed in conjunction with acquiring the controlling interest.
The unaudited condensed combined pro forma financial statements
were prepared using the assumptions described below and in the
related notes. The historical financial information has been
adjusted to give effect to pro forma events that are
(i) directly attributable to the acquisition,
(ii) factually supportable, and (iii) with respect to
the statements of operations, expected to have a continuing
impact on the combined results. The unaudited condensed combined
pro forma financial statements do not include liabilities
resulting from acquisition planning, nor do they include certain
costs savings or operating synergies (or costs associated with
realizing such savings or synergies) that may result from the
acquisition. Amounts preliminarily allocated to goodwill may
significantly decrease and amounts allocated to intangible
assets with definite lives may increase significantly, which
could result in a material increase in amortization expense
related to acquired intangible assets. Therefore, the actual
amounts recorded may differ materially from the information
presented in the accompanying unaudited condensed combined pro
forma financial statements.
The unaudited condensed combined pro forma financial statements
are provided for illustrative purposes only. They do not purport
to represent what Mylans consolidated results of
operations and financial position would have been had the
transaction actually occurred as of the dates indicated, and
they do not purport to project Mylans future consolidated
results of operations or financial position.
S-42
UNAUDITED
CONDENSED COMBINED PRO FORMA
STATEMENT
OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical
|
|
|
Historical
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mylan
|
|
|
Matrix
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Merck Generics (*)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 months
|
|
|
9 months
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mylan
|
|
|
12 months
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ended
|
|
|
ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31
|
|
|
December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
Matrix
|
|
|
December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
|
Pro forma
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
|
Pro forma
|
|
|
|
($ in millions except per share data)
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$
|
1,586.9
|
|
|
$
|
238.8
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,825.7
|
|
|
$
|
2,257.1
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
4,082.8
|
|
Other revenues
|
|
|
24.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24.9
|
|
|
|
15.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
40.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
|
1,611.8
|
|
|
|
238.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,850.6
|
|
|
|
2,273.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,123.6
|
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
768.1
|
|
|
|
175.5
|
|
|
|
24.3
|
A
|
|
|
967.9
|
|
|
|
1,304.7
|
|
|
|
194.0
|
a
|
|
|
2,466.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
843.7
|
|
|
|
63.3
|
|
|
|
(24.3
|
)
|
|
|
882.7
|
|
|
|
968.3
|
|
|
|
(194.0
|
)
|
|
|
1,657.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
103.7
|
|
|
|
14.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
118.1
|
|
|
|
165.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
283.7
|
|
Impairment loss on goodwill
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.6
|
|
Acquired in-process research and development
|
|
|
147.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
147.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
147.0
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
215.5
|
|
|
|
63.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
278.8
|
|
|
|
433.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
712.4
|
|
Litigation settlements, net
|
|
|
(50.1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(50.1
|
)
|
|
|
115.6
|
|
|
|
(93.4
|
)b
|
|
|
(27.9
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
416.1
|
|
|
|
103.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
519.4
|
|
|
|
714.8
|
|
|
|
(93.4
|
)
|
|
|
1,140.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings (loss) from operations
|
|
|
427.6
|
|
|
|
(40.0
|
)
|
|
|
(24.3
|
)
|
|
|
363.3
|
|
|
|
253.5
|
|
|
|
100.6
|
|
|
|
516.2
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
52.3
|
|
|
|
12.2
|
|
|
|
11.6
|
B
|
|
|
76.1
|
|
|
|
29.7
|
|
|
|
616.9
|
c
|
|
|
722.7
|
|
Other income, net
|
|
|
50.2
|
|
|
|
8.5
|
|
|
|
(12.2
|
)C
|
|
|
46.5
|
|
|
|
40.8
|
|
|
|
(34.0
|
)d
|
|
|
53.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings (loss) before income taxes and minority interest
|
|
|
425.5
|
|
|
|
(43.7
|
)
|
|
|
(48.1
|
)
|
|
|
333.7
|
|
|
|
264.6
|
|
|
|
(751.5
|
)
|
|
|
(153.2
|
)
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
208.0
|
|
|
|
(6.6
|
)
|
|
|
(16.8
|
)D
|
|
|
184.6
|
|
|
|
103.1
|
|
|
|
(263.0
|
)e
|
|
|
24.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) earnings before minority interest
|
|
|
217.5
|
|
|
|
(37.1
|
)
|
|
|
(31.3
|
)
|
|
|
149.1
|
|
|
|
161.5
|
|
|
|
(488.5
|
)
|
|
|
(177.9
|
)
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
10.6
|
E
|
|
|
10.6
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) earnings
|
|
$
|
217.3
|
|
|
$
|
(36.9
|
)
|
|
$
|
(20.7
|
)
|
|
$
|
159.7
|
|
|
$
|
161.1
|
|
|
$
|
(488.5
|
)
|
|
$
|
(167.7
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$
|
1.01
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(0.75
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$
|
0.99
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(0.75
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
215.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.1
|
F
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
223.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
219.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
223.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) |
|
The historical IFRS Merck Generics combined income statement has
been converted to U.S. GAAP and translated to U.S. dollars using
an exchange rate of US $1 = 0.80 |
See notes to unaudited condensed combined pro forma financial
statements
S-43
UNAUDITED
CONDENSED COMBINED PRO FORMA
STATEMENT
OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE
SIX MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mylan
|
|
|
Merck Generics(*)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six months ended
|
|
|
Six months ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30
|
|
|
June 30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
|
Pro forma
|
|
|
|
(In millions, except per share data)
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$
|
1,015.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,223.7
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,238.8
|
|
Other revenues
|
|
|
8.3
|
|
|
|
11.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
|
1,023.4
|
|
|
|
1,235.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,258.5
|
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
505.1
|
|
|
|
702.2
|
|
|
|
103.1
|
a
|
|
|
1,310.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
518.3
|
|
|
|
532.9
|
|
|
|
(103.1
|
)
|
|
|
948.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
65.2
|
|
|
|
80.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
145.5
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
173.9
|
|
|
|
252.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
426.6
|
|
Litigation settlements, net
|
|
|
(0.8
|
)
|
|
|
13.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
238.3
|
|
|
|
346.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
584.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings from operations
|
|
|
280.0
|
|
|
|
186.8
|
|
|
|
(103.1
|
)
|
|
|
363.7
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
46.0
|
|
|
|
17.3
|
|
|
|
314.2
|
c
|
|
|
377.5
|
|
Other income, net
|
|
|
130.5
|
|
|
|
27.9
|
|
|
|
(29.3
|
)d
|
|
|
129.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings before income taxes and minority interest
|
|
|
364.5
|
|
|
|
197.4
|
|
|
|
(446.6
|
)
|
|
|
115.3
|
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
137.7
|
|
|
|
69.3
|
|
|
|
(156.3
|
)e
|
|
|
50.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earnings before minority interest
|
|
|
226.8
|
|
|
|
128.1
|
|
|
|
(290.3
|
)
|
|
|
64.6
|
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
(2.8
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2.8
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earnings
|
|
$
|
229.6
|
|
|
$
|
128.1
|
|
|
$
|
(290.3
|
)
|
|
$
|
67.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$
|
0.92
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$
|
0.91
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
248.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
248.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
251.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
251.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) |
|
The historical IFRS Merck Generics combined income statement has
been converted to U.S. GAAP and translated to U.S. dollars using
an exchange rate of US $1 = 0.75 |
See notes to unaudited condensed combined pro forma financial
statements
S-44
UNAUDITED
CONDENSED COMBINED PRO FORMA
BALANCE
SHEET
September
30, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mylan
|
|
|
Merck Generics(*)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
|
Forma
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
1,203.6
|
|
|
$
|
604.1
|
|
|
$
|
(1,372.4
|
)f
|
|
$
|
435.3
|
|
Marketable securities
|
|
|
66.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66.0
|
|
Accounts receivable, net
|
|
|
488.1
|
|
|
|
777.4
|
|
|
|
(228.1
|
)g
|
|
|
1,037.4
|
|
Inventories
|
|
|
430.5
|
|
|
|
498.0
|
|
|
|
156.9
|
b
|
|
|
1,085.4
|
|
Deferred income tax benefit
|
|
|
141.7
|
|
|
|
97.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
238.8
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
286.7
|
|
|
|
14.8
|
|
|
|
(206.9
|
)h
|
|
|
98.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16.1
|
)k
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19.8
|
o
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
2,616.6
|
|
|
|
1,991.4
|
|
|
|
(1,646.8
|
)
|
|
|
2,961.2
|
|
Property, plant and equipment, net
|
|
|
725.4
|
|
|
|
267.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
993.3
|
|
Intangible assets, net
|
|
|
334.5
|
|
|
|
73.2
|
|
|
|
2,437.5
|
c
|
|
|
2,845.2
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
614.8
|
|
|
|
718.4
|
|
|
|
1,998.8
|
d
|
|
|
3,332.0
|
|
Deferred income tax benefits
|
|
|
43.2
|
|
|
|
20.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64.0
|
|
Other assets
|
|
|
142.1
|
|
|
|
6.5
|
|
|
|
129.8
|
m
|
|
|
425.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
159.4
|
o
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12.1
|
)p
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
4,476.6
|
|
|
$
|
3,078.2
|
|
|
$
|
3,066.6
|
|
|
$
|
10,621.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities and shareholders equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade accounts payable
|
|
$
|
179.9
|
|
|
$
|
360.6
|
|
|
$
|
(5.1
|
)g
|
|
$
|
535.4
|
|
Short-term borrowings
|
|
|
120.4
|
|
|
|
377.3
|
|
|
|
(369.8
|
)g
|
|
|
127.9
|
|
Income taxes payable
|
|
|
89.0
|
|
|
|
104.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
193.5
|
|
Current portion of other long-term obligations
|
|
|
29.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29.9
|
|
Other current liabilities
|
|
|
347.0
|
|
|
|
188.5
|
|
|
|
(121.9
|
)h
|
|
|
415.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.2
|
l
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
766.2
|
|
|
|
1,030.9
|
|
|
|
(494.6
|
)
|
|
|
1,302.5
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
100.4
|
|
|
|
0.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101.3
|
|
Long-term debt
|
|
|
1,569.5
|
|
|
|
31.3
|
|
|
|
6,327.0
|
a
|
|
|
7,903.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(24.7
|
)g
|
|
|
|
|
Other long-term obligations
|
|
|
41.2
|
|
|
|
155.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
197.0
|
|
Deferred income tax liability
|
|
|
78.2
|
|
|
|
9.9
|
|
|
|
933.6
|
i
|
|
|
1,021.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
2,555.5
|
|
|
|
1,228.8
|
|
|
|
6,741.3
|
|
|
|
10,525.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
34.4
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
|
(1.8
|
)j
|
|
|
34.4
|
|
Shareholders equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock
|
|
|
169.9
|
|
|
|
771.4
|
|
|
|
(771.4
|
)j
|
|
|
169.9
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
986.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
986.5
|
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
2,306.4
|
|
|
|
1,059.1
|
|
|
|
(1,059.1
|
)j
|
|
|
481.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,781.1
|
)e
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(32.1
|
)n
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12.1
|
)p
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive earnings
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
|
|
17.1
|
|
|
|
(17.1
|
)j
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,474.9
|
|
|
|
1,847.6
|
|
|
|
(3,672.9
|
)
|
|
|
1,649.6
|
|
Less:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treasury stock at cost
|
|
|
1,588.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,588.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
1,886.7
|
|
|
|
1,847.6
|
|
|
|
(3,672.9
|
)
|
|
|
61.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and shareholders equity
|
|
$
|
4,476.6
|
|
|
$
|
3,078.2
|
|
|
$
|
3,066.6
|
|
|
$
|
10,621.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) |
|
The historical IFRS Merck Generics combined balance sheet has
been converted to U.S. GAAP and translated to U.S. dollars using
an exchange rate of US $1 = 0.74 |
See notes to unaudited condensed combined pro forma financial
statements
S-45
MYLAN
INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to
Unaudited Condensed Combined Pro Forma Financial
Statements
Purchase
Price:
The preliminary allocation of the purchase price is subject to
change based on finalization of the fair values of the tangible
and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The
estimated preliminary purchase price of $7.036.7 billion
has been calculated and preliminarily allocated to in-process
research and development to the net tangible and intangible
assets acquired and liabilities assumed as follows:
Preliminary purchase price calculation:
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
Preliminary purchase price per SPA, as amended(1)
|
|
$
|
6,991.7
|
|
Other, including estimated transaction costs
|
|
|
45.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preliminary purchase price to be allocated to assets and
liabilities
|
|
$
|
7,036.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Note that this preliminary purchase price was determined based
upon the exchange rate of euros to U.S. dollars in effect on the
date on which the transaction occurred. The actual cash required
to be paid by Mylan was approximately $85.0 million less as
the result of a foreign exchange forward contract entered into
in connection with the acquisition. This preliminary purchase
price is subject to certain potential adjustments which will be
determined following Merck KGaA providing to Mylan an audited
closing balance sheet for Merck Generics. |
The preliminary allocation of the preliminary purchase price of
the Merck Generics assets acquired and liabilities assumed
in the acquisition are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
Preliminary purchase price allocation to in-process research and
development net tangible and intangible assets acquired and to
goodwill:
|
|
|
|
|
Assets acquired
|
|
$
|
1,790.6
|
|
Liabilities assumed
|
|
|
(829.3
|
)
|
Deferred taxes
|
|
|
(933.6
|
)
|
Identifiable intangible assets
|
|
|
2,510.7
|
|
Excess of purchase price over the fair values of net assets
acquired(1)
|
|
|
2,717.2
|
|
In-process research and development(2)
|
|
|
1,781.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total preliminary purchase price
|
|
$
|
7,036.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The excess of the preliminary purchase price over the fair
values of net assets acquired has been classified as goodwill. |
|
(2) |
|
The amount allocated to in-process research and development
represents an estimate of the fair value of purchased in-process
technology for research projects that, as of the closing date of
the acquisition, will not have reached technological feasibility
and have no alternative future use. The preliminary estimate of
in-process research and development is $1.781 billion.
Because this expense is directly attributable to the acquisition
and will not have a continuing impact, it is not reflected in
the unaudited condensed combined pro forma statements of
operations. However, this item will be recorded as a charge
against income in Mylans three and nine month period ended
December 31, 2007. The amount of in-process research and
development is subject to change and will be finalized upon
completion of a valuation. For every incremental
$25 million increase to the amount allocated to in-process
research and development expense, |
S-46
|
|
|
|
|
there will be a $25 million decrease to net income.
Additionally, goodwill and retained earnings will also each
decrease by $25 million. |
|
|
2.
|
Mylan and
Matrix Historical and Pro forma Financial Statements
|
On December 21, 2006, Mylan completed its acquisition of
20% of Matrix Laboratories Limiteds (Matrix) outstanding
shares for Rs. 306 per share pursuant to a public offer in
India, through its wholly-owned subsidiary MP Laboratories
(Mauritius) Ltd. Then, on January 8, 2007, Mylan completed
its acquisition of approximately 51.5% of Matrixs
outstanding shares for Rs. 306 per share in cash. Following
these two acquisitions, Mylan owns approximately 71.5% of the
voting share capital of Matrix and began consolidating its
results. The Mylan historical statement of operations for the
twelve month period ended March 31, 2007 presented in the
unaudited condensed combined pro forma financial statements
therefore only includes the results of operations of Matrix from
January 8, 2007 through March 31, 2007. The
Mylan and Matrix pro forma column in the pro forma
statement of operations for the twelve month period ended March
31, 2007 reflects the addition of the unaudited condensed
consolidated statement of operations of Matrix for the nine
months ended December 31, 2006, have been added to the
Mylan historical statement of operations for the twelve month
period ended March 31, 2007 along with certain pro forma
adjustments for the nine months ended December 31, 2006, as
discussed further below. As the Mylan historical statement of
earnings for the six month period ended September 30, 2007,
and the Mylan historical balance sheet as of September 30,
2007, include Matrix, no adjustments to these statements were
necessary.
The pro forma adjustments made to the Mylan historical statement
of operations for the twelve months ended March 31, 2007,
in order to present Matrix as if the acquisition occurred on
April 1, 2006, were as follows:
A) Adjustment to record estimated additional amortization
expense of the amortizable intangible assets acquired as part of
the acquisition of a controlling interest in Matrix. The amount
of intangible assets, estimated useful lives and amortization
methodology are subject to the completion of a valuation. The
additional depreciation expense on the fixed assets acquired as
part of the acquisition was immaterial.
B) Adjustment to record additional interest expense
incurred as a result of $263.0 million of additional
borrowings under Mylans previous revolving credit facility
used to finance the acquisition of a controlling interest in
Matrix. The assumed interest rate on these borrowings was 5.875%.
C) Adjustment to record a reduction in interest income due
to the cash payment for Matrix being assumed to have been made
on April 1, 2006 for the pro forma financial statements.
D) Adjustment representing the income tax effect at 35% of
adjustments noted above.
E) Adjustment to record a 28.5% minority interest on
Matrixs loss for the period presented.
F) Represents the issuance of approximately
8.1 million shares of Mylan common stock, sold to certain
selling shareholders in connection with the Matrix acquisition.
|
|
3.
|
Historical
Financial Statements of Merck Generics
|
The audited historical financial statements of Merck Generics as
of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and for each of the three
years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, have been
prepared in accordance with IFRS, and are incorporated by
reference in this prospectus supplement. A reconciliation of
equity from IFRS to U.S. GAAP as of December 31, 2006
and 2005, and a reconciliation of net income from IFRS to
U.S. GAAP, for each of the years ended December 31,
2006 and 2005, has been included as a note thereto.
The audited historical financial statements of Merck Generics as
of June 30, 2007 and 2006, and for each of the six month
periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, have been prepared in
accordance with IFRS, and are incorporated by reference in this
prospectus supplement. A reconciliation of equity from IFRS to
U.S. GAAP as of June 30, 2007 and December 31,
2006, and a reconciliation of net income from IFRS to
U.S. GAAP, for each of the six month periods ended
June 30, 2007 and 2006, has been included as a note thereto.
S-47
The information in the historical Merck Generics column in the
unaudited condensed combined pro forma statements of operations
is derived from the audited IFRS combined income statement of
Merck Generics for the twelve month period ended
December 31, 2006, and the unaudited IFRS combined income
statement of Merck Generics for the six month period ended
June 30, 2007, incorporated by reference in this prospectus
supplement, as adjusted for the following:
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. GAAP adjustments applied to the combined income
statements for the year ended December 31, 2006 and for six
months ended June 30, 2007.
|
|
|
|
Reclassifications and adjustments related primarily to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Certain costs included within selling, general and
administrative reclassified to cost of sales.
|
|
|
|
Litigation amounts reclassified from other operating expense,
net to litigation settlements, net.
|
|
|
|
Adjustments to align accounting policy difference relating to
the recognition of legal costs in connection with loss
contingencies. Merck Generics accounting policy is to
recognize legal costs in connection with loss contingencies when
estimable and probable. Mylans accounting policy is to
recognize such legal costs on an as incurred basis.
|
The historical Merck Generics column in the unaudited condensed
combined pro forma balance sheet is derived from the unaudited
Merck Generics IFRS balance sheet as of June 30,
2007, included elsewhere in this prospectus supplement, and
adjusted for the following:
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. GAAP adjustments applied to the June 30, 2007
IFRS balance sheet.
|
|
|
|
Reclassifications related primarily to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Certain amounts reclassified between asset and liability
categories.
|
|
|
|
Adjustment to align accounting policy differences relating to
the recognition of legal costs in connection with loss
contingencies. Merck Generics accounting policy is to
recognize legal costs in connection with loss contingencies when
estimable and probable. Mylans accounting policy is to
recognize such legal costs on an as incurred basis.
|
Statements
of Operations
(a) Represents an adjustment to record the additional
amortization expense of the amortizable intangible assets
acquired as part of the acquisition. The amount of intangible
assets, estimated useful lives and amortization methodology are
subject to the completion of valuation. Assuming a weighted
average useful life of 11 years for intangibles, straight
line amortization and a tax rate of 35%, for every additional
$50 million allocated to intangible assets, net income will
decrease by $2.9 million and $1.4 million for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2007, and the six months ended
September 30, 2007, respectively.
(b) Represents an adjustment to reduce litigation
settlements, net for settlement costs recognized on legal cases
for which Mylan is indemnified by Merck KGaA according to the
SPA.
(c) Represents additional interest expense incurred as a
result of $7.275 billion of additional borrowings under
various financing arrangements. The assumed interest rates on
these borrowings were as follows: the Senior Secured Credit
Agreement Tranche A Term Loan, in the principal amount of
$500.0 million, had an assumed interest rate of 8.375%; the
Senior Secured Credit Agreement Tranche B Term Loan, in the
principal amount of $2.0 billion, had an assumed interest
rate of 8.375%; the Euro Term Loans, in the principal amount of
1.13 billion ($1.6 billion), had an assumed
interest rate of 7.32%; the Interim Term loans, in the principal
amount of $2.850 billion, had an assumed initial interest
rate of 9.75% which was assumed to escalate as described below;
and the Revolving Credit Facility loans, in the amount of
$325.0 million, had an assumed interest rate of 7.875%, as
well as a 0.5% facility fee on the entire amount of
S-48
the facility. Also included in interest expense is an estimate
for the amortization of $129.8 million capitalized as deferred
finance fees.
It has been assumed for the purposes of these pro forma
statements that the Interim Term loans remain outstanding for
the entire year ended March 31, 2007 and the six months
ended September 30, 2007. The interest rate escalates by
.5% per annum after six months and then an additional 0.5% per
annum every three months thereafter until a maximum rate of
11.25% per annum.
(d) Represents an adjustment to record a reduction in
interest income due to the cash payment for the preliminary
acquisition purchase price being assumed to have been made on
April 1, 2006 for the unaudited condensed combined pro
forma financial statements.
(e) Represents the income tax effect at 35% of adjustments
(a)-(d).
Balance
Sheet
a) Represents the additional borrowings of
$7.275 billion incurred to finance the acquisition of Merck
Generics less repayments of existing debt totaling
$948.0 million.
b) Represents an adjustment to record the estimated fair
value
step-up of
the inventories. Because the adjustment to inventories is
directly attributed to the transaction and will not have an
ongoing impact, it is not reflected in the unaudited condensed
combined pro forma statements of operations. However, the
amortization of the
step-up in
inventory is expected to impact cost of sales during the
12 months following the consummation of the transaction.
The amount recorded for inventory is subject to the completion
of a valuation.
c) Represents the preliminary adjustment to record the
estimated fair value of Merck Generics identifiable
intangible assets acquired by Mylan. The amount of identifiable
intangible assets, estimated useful lives and amortization
methodology are subject to the completion of a valuation. This
amount is net of the entry to eliminate the historical
intangible assets on the historical Merck Generics June 30,
2007 balance sheet. It is calculated as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
1) Record estimated fair value of intangibles
|
|
$
|
2,510.7
|
|
2) Eliminate historical intangible assets
|
|
|
(73.2
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total adjustment to intangible assets, net
|
|
$
|
2,437.5
|
|
d) Represents the preliminary adjustment to record the
excess of preliminary purchase price over the estimated fair
value of net assets acquired and liabilities assumed, which has
been recorded as goodwill. This amount is subject to completion
of valuation of the tangible and intangible assets acquired and
fair value estimates of other assets acquired and liabilities
assumed.
This adjustment consists of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
1) Record estimated excess preliminary purchase price
|
|
$
|
2,717.2
|
|
2) Eliminate historical goodwill
|
|
|
(718.4
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total adjustment to goodwill
|
|
$
|
1,988.8
|
|
e) Represents the estimated fair value of in-process
research and development acquired. Because this expense is
directly attributable to the acquisition and will not have a
continuing impact, it is not reflected in the unaudited
condensed combined pro forma statements of operations. However,
this item will be recorded as an expense in the quarter ended
December 31, 2001. This amount is subject to the completion
of a valuation.
S-49
f) Represents the following adjustments to the cash balance
as of September 30, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Related
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
adjustments
|
|
|
1) Increase in cash as a result of additional borrowings
|
|
$
|
6,327.0
|
|
|
|
(a
|
)
|
2) Reduction in cash to pay the preliminary purchase price to
Merck KGaA
|
|
|
(6,991.7
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
3) Payment to Merck KGaA for cash
|
|
|
(604.1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
4) Increase in cash from settlement of forward contract
|
|
|
85.0
|
|
|
|
(h
|
)
|
5) Cash paid for transaction fees
|
|
|
(26.7
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
6) Cash paid for financing fees capitalized as deferred
financing fees
|
|
|
(129.8
|
)
|
|
|
(m
|
)
|
7) Cash paid for a tender offer premium to notes holders
|
|
|
(32.1
|
)
|
|
|
(n
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total adjustment to cash
|
|
$
|
(1,372.4
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
g) Represents amounts payable to and receivable from Merck
KGaA and other related companies that are not part of Merck
Generics. These amounts were settled at closing under the terms
of the SPA.
h) Represents an adjustment to remove the mark to market
asset and premium accrued as a liability that had been recorded
by Mylan related to the market value of the foreign currency
option contract and show the impact of the gain recognized at
the close of this contract as a reduction in cash paid for the
acquisition. The offset to this asset and liability was a gain
recognized on the contract of $85.0 million, which is shown
in adjustment (f) as a reduction of the cash paid for the
acquisition.
i) Represents deferred income taxes resulting from the pro
forma adjustments made to the unaudited condensed combined pro
forma balance sheet, including fair value adjustments made to
certain historical Merck Generics balance sheet amounts.
j) Reflects the elimination of the historical equity of
Merck Generics and the prior minority interest.
k) Represents capitalized acquisition costs on Mylans
historical balance sheet. As a result of the acquisition, these
costs will be included in the purchase price and allocated to
the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
l) Represents an estimate of liabilities for remaining deal
and other costs related to the acquisition.
m) Represents an adjustment to establish an asset related
to deferred financing fees paid to finance the acquisition.
n) Represents the offset to recording the expense of the
tender offer premium related to the repayment of Mylans
notes.
o) Represents an adjustment to record a receivable for the
agreement of Merck KGaA under the terms of the SPA to indemnify
Mylan for certain litigation and tax liabilities.
p) Represents an adjustment to remove deferred financing
fees associated with Mylans notes and term loan facility
from the September 30, 2007 Mylan condensed consolidated
balance sheet.
S-50
OVERVIEW
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL
RESOURCES
In connection with our acquisition of Merck Generics we incurred
substantial indebtedness. This consisted of $2,500 million
of senior secured U.S. dollar term debt and
1,130 ($1,600) million of senior secured Euro term
debt pursuant to our Senior Secured Credit Agreement and
$2,850 million of senior unsecured interim debt pursuant to
our Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement. In addition, as
part of the Senior Secured Credit Agreement, we put in place a
$750 million senior secured revolving credit facility of
which approximately $325 million was drawn in connection
with the closing of the acquisition. As of September 30,
2007, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the
Transactions, the issuance of the mandatory convertible
preferred stock offered hereby and the common stock in the
concurrent offering and the use of the net proceeds from such
offerings to reduce debt under our Senior Unsecured Interim Loan
Agreement, we would have had approximately $6,130.5 million
in total debt, including $923 million of debt under our
Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement. Assuming the mandatory
convertible preferred stock offering is completed but the common
stock offering is not completed, on a pro forma basis as of the
same date we would have had $6,709.5 million in total debt,
including $1,502.0 million in debt under the Senior
Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement. On a pro forma basis at
September 30, 2007, our availability under our senior
secured revolving credit facility would have been approximately
$425 million and our cash and marketable securities would
have been approximately $501.3 million. We intend, at a
later date, to refinance with permanent indebtedness, the
indebtedness that will remain outstanding under the Senior
Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement following this offering and the
concurrent offering of common stock.
After this offering, whether or not the mandatory convertible
preferred stock offering is completed, our outstanding
indebtedness could limit our financial and operating
flexibility, including by requiring us to dedicate a substantial
portion of our cash flows from operations and the proceeds of
any mandatory convertible preferred stock or common stock
issuances to the repayment of our debt and the interest on our
debt, making it more difficult for us to obtain additional
financing on favorable terms, limiting our ability to capitalize
on significant business opportunities and making us more
vulnerable to economic and operational downturns. See the
descriptions below, as well as Risk FactorsWe have
substantial indebtedness and will be required to apply a
substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to service
our indebtedness. Our substantial indebtedness may have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial position and
results of operations and could cause the market value of our
stock to decline.
We are required to comply with various covenants contained in
the agreements covering our indebtedness. These covenants will
limit our discretion in the operation of our business. See the
descriptions below, as well as Risk FactorsOur
credit facilities and any additional indebtedness we incur in
the future impose, or may impose, significant operating and
financial restrictions, which may prevent us from capitalizing
on business opportunities. These factors could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and results
of operations and could cause the market value of our stock to
decline.
Our debt maturities. Below is a summary of our
long-term debt maturities based on loan balances as of
September 30, 3007, on a pro forma basis after giving
effect to the Transactions, the issuance of the mandatory
convertible preferred stock offered hereby and the common stock
in the concurrent offering and the application of the net
proceeds from such offerings to reduce outstanding indebtedness
under our Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement. As previously
discussed, on October 2, 2007 the Company changed its year
end to December 31. Amounts below for 2007 represent
payments to be made during the remainder of
S-51
the transition period ended December 31, 2007. Thereafter,
amounts represent payments to be made in each of the calendar
years listed below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
|
($ in millions)
|
|
|
Senior secured revolving credit facility
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325.0
|
|
Senior secured U.S. dollar term loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45.0
|
|
|
|
70.0
|
|
|
|
95.0
|
|
|
|
120.0
|
|
|
|
145.0
|
|
|
|
2,025.0
|
|
Senior secured Euro term loan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.0
|
|
|
|
16.0
|
|
|
|
16.0
|
|
|
|
16.0
|
|
|
|
16.0
|
|
|
|
1,520.0
|
|
Senior unsecured interim loan(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
923.0
|
|
Convertible notes(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
600.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other debt(3)
|
|
|
11.4
|
|
|
|
28.5
|
|
|
|
6.1
|
|
|
|
2.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1
|
|
Scheduled interest payments(4)
|
|
|
115.6
|
|
|
|
459.5
|
|
|
|
459.0
|
|
|
|
450.6
|
|
|
|
440.5
|
|
|
|
422.3
|
|
|
|
889.4
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The interim loans have an initial maturity date of
October 2, 2008; however, as long as there is no bankruptcy
or payment event of default as of such date, the maturity date
may be extended to October 2, 2017. On and after
October 2, 2008, the lenders have the option to convert
Interim Term Loans into exchange notes. See Senior
Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement. |
(2) |
|
$600 million of 1.25% senior convertible notes due
2012. |
(3) |
|
Other debt consists primarily of a 32.5 million term
loan held by Matrix. |
(4) |
|
For the purposes of these payments, we assumed EURIBOR equal to
4.07% per annum and LIBOR equal to 5.125% per annum. Also the
calculation assumes that the $923.0 million of the interim
loan is outstanding until October 2017. |
The chart above does not include (i) short-term borrowings
held by Matrix in the amount of approximately
$120.4 million, which represent working capital facilities
with several banks, which are secured first by Matrixs
current assets and second by Matrixs property, plant and
equipment and carry interest rates of 4%14%; and
(ii) other long-term obligations of $41.2 million
consisting primarily of discounted future payments under
individually negotiated agreements with certain key employees
and directors; and operating leases of real property and
vehicles, which are not material in the aggregate.
Senior Secured Credit Agreement. On
October 2, 2007, we entered into a credit agreement (the
Senior Secured Credit Agreement) with Mylan as the
U.S. borrower, Mylan Luxembourg 5 S.à r.l. as the Euro
Borrower, certain lenders and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National
Association, as Administrative Agent, pursuant to which we
borrowed $500 million in Tranche A Term Loans (the
U.S. Tranche A Term Loans) and
$2 billion in Tranche B Term Loans (the
U.S. Tranche B Term Loans) and the Euro
Borrower borrowed approximately 1.13 billion in Euro
Term Loans (the Euro Term Loans and, together with
the U.S. Tranche A Term Loans and the
U.S. Tranche B Term Loans, the Term
Loans). The proceeds of the Term Loans were used
(1) to pay a portion of the consideration for the
Acquisition, (2) to refinance the Credit Agreement dated as
of March 26, 2007 (the 2007 Existing Credit
Agreement), among the Company, Euro Mylan B.V., the
lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National
Association, as Administrative Agent, and the Credit Agreement,
dated as of July 24, 2006 (the 2006 Existing Credit
Agreement and, together with the 2007 Existing Credit
Agreement, the Existing Credit Agreements), by and
among us, the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank,
National Association, as Administrative Agent, (3) to
purchase the 2010 Notes and the 2015 Notes tendered pursuant to
the previously announced cash tender offers therefor (see below)
and (4) to pay a portion of the fees and expenses in
respect of the foregoing transactions. The termination of the
Existing Credit Agreements was concurrent with, and contingent
upon, the effectiveness of the Senior Secured Credit Agreement.
The Senior Secured Credit Agreement also contains a
$750 million revolving facility (the Revolving
Facility and, together with the Term Loans, the
Senior Credit Facilities) under which we may obtain
extensions of credit, subject to the satisfaction of specified
conditions. The Revolving Facility includes a $100 million
subfacility for the issuance of letters of credit and a
$50 million subfacility for swingline borrowings.
Borrowings under the Revolving Facility are available in
dollars, Euro, pounds sterling and yen. The Euro Term Loans are
guaranteed by us, and the Senior Credit Facilities are
guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic subsidiaries
(the Guarantors). The Senior Credit Facilities are
also secured by a pledge of the capital stock of substantially
all of our and the Guarantors direct subsidiaries (limited
to 65% of
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outstanding voting stock of foreign holding companies and any
foreign subsidiaries) and substantially all of the other
tangible and intangible property and assets of the Guarantors
and us. The U.S. Tranche A Term Loans and the
U.S. Tranche B Term Loans currently bear interest at
LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum, if we choose to make LIBOR
borrowings, or at a base rate plus 2.25% per annum. The Euro
Term Loans currently bear interest at EURIBOR plus 3.25% per
annum. Borrowings under the Revolving Facility currently bear
interest at LIBOR (or EURIBOR, in the case of borrowings
denominated in Euro) plus 2.75% per annum, if we choose to make
LIBOR (or EURIBOR, in the case of borrowings denominated in
Euro) borrowings, or at a base rate plus 1.75% per annum. Under
the terms of the Senior Secured Credit Agreement, the applicable
margins over LIBOR, EURIBOR or the base rate may be increased
based on our initial corporate rating following the date of the
Senior Secured Credit Agreement. The applicable margins over
LIBOR, EURIBOR or the base rate for the Revolving Facility and
the U.S. Tranche A Term Loans can fluctuate based on
our Consolidated Leverage Ratio. We also pay a facility fee on
the entire amount of the Revolving Facility. The facility fee is
currently 0.50% per annum, but can decrease to 0.375% per annum
based on our Consolidated Leverage Ratio. The Senior Secured
Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants for
facilities of this type, including covenants pertaining to the
delivery of financial statements, notices of default and certain
other information, maintenance of business and insurance,
collateral matters and compliance with laws, as well as
customary negative covenants for facilities of this type,
including limitations on the incurrence of indebtedness and
liens, mergers and certain other fundamental changes,
investments and loans, acquisitions, transactions with
affiliates, dispositions of assets, payments of dividends and
other restricted payments, prepayments or amendments to the
terms of specified indebtedness (including the Senior Unsecured
Interim Loan Agreement described below) and changes in our lines
of business. The Senior Secured Credit Agreement contains
financial covenants requiring maintenance of a minimum
Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio and a maximum Consolidated
Senior Leverage Ratio. These financial covenants are not tested
earlier than the quarter ended June 30, 2008. The Senior
Secured Credit Agreement contains default provisions customary
for facilities of this type, which are subject to customary
grace periods and materiality thresholds, including, among other
things, defaults related to payment failures, failure to comply
with covenants, misrepresentations, defaults or the occurrence
of a change of control under other material
indebtedness, bankruptcy and related events, material judgments,
certain events related to pension plans, specified changes in
control of us and invalidity of guarantee and security
agreements. If an event of default occurs under the Senior
Secured Credit Agreement, the lenders may, among other things,
terminate their commitments, declare all borrowings immediately
payable and foreclose on the collateral.
The U.S. Tranche A Term Loans mature on
October 2, 2013. The U.S. Tranche A Term Loans
require amortization payments of $6.25 million per quarter
in 2008, $12.5 million per quarter in 2009,
$18.5 million per quarter in 2010, $25 million per
quarter in 2011, $31.25 million per quarter in 2012 and
$31.25 million per quarter in 2013. The
U.S. Tranche B Term Loans and the Euro Term Loans
mature on October 2, 2014. The U.S. Tranche B
Term Loans and the Euro Term Loans amortize quarterly at the
rate of 1.0% per annum beginning in 2008. The Senior Secured
Credit Agreement requires prepayments of the Term Loans with
(1) up to 50% of Excess Cash Flow beginning with excess
cash flow for the year ended 2008, with reductions based on our
Consolidated Leverage Ratio, (2) the proceeds from certain
asset sales and casualty events, unless our Consolidated
Leverage Ratio is equal to or less than 3.5 to 1.0, and
(3) the proceeds from issuances of indebtedness not
permitted by the Senior Secured Credit Agreement. Amounts drawn
on the Revolving Facility become due and payable on
October 2, 2013. The Term Loans and amounts drawn on the
Revolving Facility may be voluntarily prepaid without penalty or
premium.
Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement. On
October 2, 2007, we entered into a credit agreement (the
Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement) with
certain lenders and Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as
Administrative Agent, pursuant to which we borrowed
$2.85 billion in term loans (the Interim Term
Loans). The proceeds of the Interim Term Loans were used
to finance in part the Transactions. The Interim Term Loans are
unsecured and are guaranteed by substantially all of our
domestic subsidiaries. The Interim Term Loans currently bear
interest at LIBOR plus 4.50% per annum. The interest rate
increases by 0.50% per annum on any Interim Term Loans that
remain outstanding six months after the closing date, and
thereafter increases by 0.25% per annum every three months (up
to a maximum of 11.25% per annum). The Senior Unsecured Interim
Loan Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants for
facilities of this type, including covenants pertaining to the
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delivery of financial statements, notices of default and certain
other information, maintenance of business of insurance and
compliance with laws, as well as customary negative covenants
for facilities of this type, including limitations on the
incurrence of indebtedness and liens, mergers and certain other
fundamental changes, investments and loans, acquisitions,
transactions with affiliates, dispositions of assets, payments
of dividends and other restricted payments, prepayments of any
subordinated indebtedness and changes in our lines of business.
The Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement contains no
financial covenants. In addition, the arrangers of the Interim
Term Loans have the right to request, on not more than two
occasions between six months and one year after the closing
date, that we use commercially reasonable efforts to issue and
sell debt securities that will generate proceeds sufficient to
refinance the Interim Term Loans. The Senior Unsecured Interim
Loan Agreement contains default provisions customary for
facilities of this type, which are subject to customary grace
periods and materiality thresholds, including, among other
things, defaults related to payment failures, failure to comply
with covenants, misrepresentations, acceleration of other
indebtedness, bankruptcy and related events, material judgments
and certain events related to pension plans. If an event of
default occurs under the Senior Unsecured Interim Loan
Agreement, the lenders may, among other things, declare the
Interim Term Loans immediately due and payable. The Interim Term
Loans have an initial maturity date of October 2, 2008;
however, as long as there is no bankruptcy or payment event of
default as of such date, the maturity date may be extended to
October 2, 2017. There may be a fee payable in connection
with such extension. The Interim Term Loans do not require
amortization payments. The Senior Unsecured Interim Loan
Agreement requires prepayments of the Interim Term Loans
(1) with the proceeds from certain asset sales and casualty
events, (2) with the proceeds from certain issuances of
equity or indebtedness and (3) upon the occurrence of
specified changes in control of us. The Interim Term Loans may
be voluntarily prepaid without penalty or premium except in the
case of fixed rate exchange notes. On and after October 2,
2008, the lenders have the option to convert Interim Term Loans
into exchange notes including, under certain circumstances, into
fixed rate exchange notes. The exchange notes would have
affirmative and negative covenants and events of default which
would be similar to those under the Interim Term Loans but
include certain additional exceptions and modifications. In
addition, we would be required to offer to prepay the exchange
notes in all the circumstances in which prepayments are required
on the Interim Term Loans (other than out of equity or debt
proceeds). The interest rate for exchange notes may be fixed in
connection with a transfer of such notes. The Company is
obligated to provide for registration of any exchange notes
under the securities laws. In addition, on October 2, 2008,
the affirmative and negative covenants, default provisions,
prepayment provisions and certain other provisions in the Senior
Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement are automatically amended so as
to conform to the provisions for any exchange notes.
Convertible notes. On March 1, 2007, we
issued $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of
1.25% Senior Convertible Notes due 2012 (the
Convertible Notes). The Convertible Notes will
mature on March 15, 2012, subject to earlier repurchase or
conversion. The Convertible Notes have an initial conversion
rate of 44.5931 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal
amount (equivalent to an initial conversion price of
approximately $22.43 per share), subject to adjustment.
In August 2007, the FASB issued an exposure draft of a proposed
FASB Staff Position (the Proposed FSP) reflecting
new rules that would change the accounting treatment for certain
convertible debt instruments, including our Convertible Notes.
The Proposed FSP is expected to be effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2007, would not permit early
application and would be applied retrospectively to all periods
presented. We are currently evaluating the proposed new rules
and their potential impact. However, if the Proposed FSP is
adopted, we expect to have higher interest expense in 2008, and
prior period interest expense associated with the Convertible
Notes would also reflect higher than previously reported
interest expense due to retrospective application. Please see
the discussion in Note 3 to our financial statements
included in our Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
for the period ended September 30, 2007 which is
incorporated herein by reference.
Other. Other Senior Notes consisted of
$2.5 million of
53/4% Senior
Notes due 2010 (the 2010 Notes), and
$0.2 million of
63/8% Senior
Notes due 2015 (the 2015 Notes, and collectively,
the Senior Notes). We originally issued
$150 million of 2010 Notes and $350 million of 2015
Notes. In connection with the completion of the Acquisition, we
completed cash tender offers for substantially all of the
original principal amounts of the Senior Notes. In addition, we
completed consent solicitations that eliminated substantially
all of the restrictive covenants in the indentures under which
the Senior Notes were issued.
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Overview
We are a leading pharmaceutical company and have developed,
manufactured, marketed, licensed and distributed high quality
generic, branded and branded generic pharmaceutical products for
more than 45 years. As a result of our recent acquisitions
of Merck Generics and a controlling interest in Matrix earlier
this year, we are the third largest generic pharmaceutical
company in the world based on 2006 combined calendar year
revenues, a leader in branded specialty pharmaceuticals and the
second largest active pharmaceutical ingredient, or API,
manufacturer with respect to the number of drug master files, or
DMFs, filed with regulatory agencies. We currently employ more
than 11,000 people globally and have sales in over
90 countries. We hold a leading sales position in four of
the worlds six largest generic pharmaceutical markets: the
United States, the United Kingdom, France and Japan, and we also
hold leading sales positions in several other key generics
markets, including Australia, Belgium, Italy, Portugal and
Spain. Our product portfolio is among the largest of all generic
pharmaceutical companies, consisting of approximately
570 products in a broad range of therapeutic areas. In
addition, we have a significant product pipeline, with more than
255 regulatory applications or dossiers pending approval with
regulatory agencies worldwide. Our acquisition of a controlling
interest in Matrix provides us with lower cost API supply and a
vertically integrated platform. We have extensive research and
development capabilities, with 11 sites around the world, and
extensive manufacturing capabilities, with the capacity to
manufacture more than 45 billion finished doses of
pharmaceutical products per year. On a pro forma basis for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2007, we had total net revenues
of approximately $4 billion.
We achieved our position as one of the leaders in the U.S.
generic pharmaceutical industry through our success in obtaining
Abbreviated New Drug Application, or ANDA, approvals, our
reputation for quality and our ability to consistently deliver
large scale commercial volumes to our customers. With the
addition of Merck Generics and Matrix, we have created a
horizontally and vertically integrated platform with global
scale, a diversified product portfolio and an expanded range of
capabilities that position us well for the future. We expect
that as a result of these acquisitions we will be less dependent
on any single market or product and will be able to compete more
effectively on a global basis.
We derive the majority of our U.S. generic product revenues
through our subsidiary, Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., or MPI.
These revenues are derived from approximately 170 products,
primarily solid oral dosage pharmaceuticals, in approximately 50
therapeutic areas. Another of our subsidiaries, UDL
Laboratories, Inc., or UDL, is the largest re-packager in the
United States of pharmaceuticals in unit dose formats, which are
used primarily in hospitals, nursing homes and other
institutional settings. Our U.S. generics business is further
augmented by our subsidiary, Mylan Technologies Inc., or MTI,
which is a leader in transdermal drug delivery systems and
focuses on the research, development, manufacturing and supply
of both brand and generic transdermal products both in the
United States and internationally.
Our generic pharmaceutical revenues outside of the United States
are primarily derived from Merck Generics, which we acquired on
October 2, 2007. Merck Generics consists of a number of
former subsidiaries of Merck KGaA, a
300-year-old
global chemicals and pharmaceuticals company. Merck Generics,
formed in 1984, has sales in more than 90 countries and was the
worlds third largest generic pharmaceutical business based
on 2006 calendar year revenues of 1.8 billion
($2.3 billion). Merck Generics has more than 400 products
and approximately 70% of its generic pharmaceutical revenues in
calendar year 2006 were generated from countries where it has a
top three market share position. Through Merck Generics, we
gained a strong presence in some of the worlds most
important generic pharmaceuticals markets, including France,
Germany, the United Kingdom, Japan, Canada and Australia. As
part of the Acquisition, we received a right to purchase for a
period of two years from the closing of the Acquisition, for
actual costs incurred to separate such businesses, Merck
KGaAs generic pharmaceutical operations in 17 additional
countries in Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe and the
Asia Pacific region, many of which represent emerging generic
pharmaceutical markets.
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As part of the Merck Generics acquisition we also acquired our
U.S. branded specialty pharmaceuticals subsidiary, Dey L.P., or
Dey. Founded in 1978, Dey is a fully integrated specialty
pharmaceutical business focused on the development,
manufacturing and marketing of specialty pharmaceuticals in the
respiratory and severe allergy markets. Through its
approximately 250-person sales force, Dey markets six products
to physicians and hospitals. Deys key products include,
among others, EpiPen, an epinephirine autoinjector for severe
allergy and anaphalaxis, DuoNeb, a nebulized unit dose
formulation of ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate for
chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, or COPD, and the
recently launched Perforomist inhalation solution, a long-acting
nebulized unit dose formoterol fumarate for COPD. In 2007, Dey
launched three new products, including Perforomist, which we
expect will help to replace some of the sales that we anticipate
will be lost as a result of the July 2007 loss of market
exclusivity for DuoNeb. Further, Dey has a pipeline of next
generation and differentiated specialty product candidates that
we expect will provide additional growth opportunities in the
future.
Through Matrix, an Indian listed company in which we have a
71.5% controlling interest, we manufacture and supply low cost,
high quality API for our own products and pipeline, as well as
for third parties. Matrix is the worlds second largest API
manufacturer with respect to the number of DMFs filed with
regulatory agencies, with more than 165 APIs in the market or
under development. Matrix is also a leader in supplying API for
the manufacturing of anti-retroviral drugs, which are utilized
in the treatment of HIV/AIDS.
Our
Strengths
We believe our competitive strengths are the following:
Leadership and scale in key global markets. We
now have a global presence, with sales in more than 90 countries
and operations in over 45 countries, including significant
operations in each of the top seven largest generic
pharmaceutical markets. In addition to our position as one of
the leaders in the U.S. market, the globalization of our
business established us as leaders in key markets in Europe and
the Asia Pacific region. Our global platform creates substantial
growth opportunities and will enable us to compete more
effectively in the worlds largest generics markets, as
well as in less developed markets that have higher growth rates
and potentially more favorable competitive dynamics. Our scale
also creates opportunities to achieve operating efficiencies and
reduces risks associated with an over-reliance on any one market.
Broad and diversified product portfolio. We
have a robust product portfolio of approximately 570 generic,
branded generic and branded pharmaceutical products, which are
well-diversified across therapeutic areas. The breadth and
diversity of our product portfolio reduces our operating risk
profile to ensure that we are not overly reliant on any one
product or therapeutic area. We have development and
manufacturing capabilities in several specialized dosage forms,
some of which are difficult to formulate and manufacture and
typically have longer product growth cycles than traditional
generic pharmaceuticals. These dosage forms include high potency
formulations, steriles, injectables, transdermal patches,
controlled-release and respiratory delivery products.
Additionally, we benefit from Merck Generics highly
successful in-licensing strategy that is designed to develop
critical mass in key differentiated dosages in attractive
markets globally.
Manufacturing scale with a vertically and horizontally
integrated platform. We are an integrated
pharmaceutical company with capabilities in research,
development, regulatory and legal matters, manufacturing, sales
and distribution. Through Matrix, we have access to low-cost API
and intermediates. This enables us to compete more effectively
with other low-cost producers and potentially enhance margins
and extend product lifecycles. In addition to our eight API
manufacturing sites we currently have 17 finished dose
manufacturing sites in the United States and internationally,
including specialized manufacturing such as transdermals,
inhalation aerosols and semi-solids, in addition to solid
dosage. We expect to recognize significant cost savings as a
result of our scale and efficiency, and in particular through
our finished dose and Matrixs high quality API
manufacturing capacity. Further, our horizontally integrated
platform allows us to leverage each of our research and
development projects into numerous markets around the world.
Scale in research and development. We have
expanded our research and development capabilities through the
Merck Generics and Matrix acquisitions, and now have significant
scale with a network of 11 research and development sites across
the globe. As a result of the expansion of our capabilities, we
expect to
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be able to increase our research and development efficiency and
speed to market. As of June 30, 2007, we had more than 255
applications or dossiers pending regulatory approval worldwide.
As a result of the Matrix acquisition and excluding any impact
from the acquisition of Merck Generics, for the 12 months
ending March 31, 2008, we expect to file 60 submissions
with the United States Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, as
compared to 24 submissions filed with the FDA in the prior
12 months.
Intellectual property expertise. We believe
that expertise in intellectual property is a core competency for
future product development. Accordingly, we maintain development
teams, including legal counsel, focused on the analysis and
selection of opportunities to file generic product dossiers,
ANDAs and Paragraph IV ANDA patent challenges, which could
provide us with 180 days of generic market exclusivity. We have
been successful in monetizing many Paragraph IV ANDA
opportunities, including launches within the last 12 months
of amlodipine besylate and oxybutynin ER, and the recent legal
settlements on paroxetine hydrochloride ER and levetiracetam for
future launches.
Product quality. Our ability to produce high
quality commercial volumes of our products has given us a
reputation as a reliable supplier to our customers. We have an
excellent manufacturing compliance record with regulatory
agencies globally, including the FDA. We believe that, in an era
of growing concern among individual consumers regarding the
quality of the prescription drugs they purchase, we are in a
strong position to leverage our reputation for product
excellence.
Specialty pharmaceutical expertise. We have
formulation expertise with products that are difficult to
develop, formulate and manufacture, such as transdermals, high
potency products and nebulized formulations. Our Dey business
provides highly differentiated pharmaceutical offerings in the
respiratory and severe allergy markets which we expect will
provide us with a growth platform in branded pharmaceuticals.
Our MTI operation focuses on applying our leading transdermal
technology to the potential development of new products through
strategic alliances with branded pharmaceutical companies. MTI
is also a leader in the development and manufacturing of generic
transdermal products in the United States and internationally,
including fentanyl, which has been a very important product for
us.
Experienced management. Our senior management
team collectively has broad experience across the businesses and
markets in which we operate. In addition, we have been
successful in retaining key Matrix and Merck Generics executive
teams including key regional leaders and operators.
Industry
Overview
Generic pharmaceutical products provide a safe, effective and
cost-efficient alternative to branded pharmaceutical products.
Generic pharmaceuticals are the bioequivalent of patented or
brand-name pharmaceuticals, and as with their brand-name
equivalents, generic pharmaceuticals require regulatory approval
prior to their sale. Generic pharmaceuticals may be marketed
only if relevant patents on their brand-name equivalents, and
any additional government-mandated market exclusivity periods,
have expired, have been challenged and invalidated, are licensed
by the patent holder, or such patents are shown to not otherwise
be infringed.
The generic pharmaceutical market has grown as a result of the
ongoing efforts by governments around the world and in the
private sector to address the increasing burden of healthcare
expenditures, in particular prescription pharmaceuticals. In
addition, the market has been positively impacted in recent
years by changing demographics as well as by increased
acceptance among consumers, physicians and pharmacists that
generic pharmaceuticals are lower-cost equivalents of brand-name
pharmaceuticals. The average price of a generic pharmaceutical
prescription in the United States in 2006 was approximately $32,
while the average price of a brand name pharmaceutical
prescription was approximately $111. Similar to the United
States, in most international markets, brand-name
pharmaceuticals, on average, cost substantially more than
generic products on a per prescription basis. Many countries are
exploring the use of generic products to curtail increasing
pharmaceutical expenditures, which is one of the factors causing
the generic market to grow faster than the pharmaceutical
industry as a whole. A large number of countries now actively
promote generic pharmaceuticals through their government
reimbursement systems. Generic substitution, whereby a
pharmacist substitutes a prescribed brand name product with a
generic one, is permitted in many countries and even
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compulsory in some countries as a cost-saving measure in the
purchase of, or reimbursement for, prescription pharmaceuticals.
Worldwide expenditures on generic pharmaceutical products were
approximately $84.4 billion in 2006, which represented
approximately 11% of the total pharmaceutical market. For 2006,
after the United States ($31.0 billion), which accounted
for approximately 37% of global expenditures on generic
pharmaceuticals, the largest national markets for generic
pharmaceuticals in the world were Germany ($14.0 billion),
India ($6.6 billion), the United Kingdom
($4.7 billion), France ($3.6 billion) and Japan
($3.3 billion). Spending on generic pharmaceutical products
in certain international markets, though smaller in nominal
terms, is expected to grow at a faster rate than in the United
States. In particular, over the next five years, the market for
generic pharmaceutical products is expected to increase annually
at rates of 25% in Brazil, 24% in Switzerland, 20% in France and
15% in Spain, countries in which generic pharmaceuticals
currently account for less than 15% of sales in the domestic
pharmaceutical market.
The U.S. market for generic pharmaceutical products is expected
to increase in value at an average annual rate of approximately
11% over the next five years. We believe that this growth will
be driven by certain demographic trends, including an aging
population, the lengthening of average life expectancy and the
rising incidence of chronic diseases. In addition, we believe
that the U.S. generic pharmaceutical market is well positioned
to capitalize on cost-cutting initiatives by federal and state
governments, as well as managed care providers, which favor the
use of lower-cost generics over branded pharmaceuticals. For
example, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and
Modernization Act of 2003, or MMA, encourages health care
providers to utilize generic pharmaceutical products as a tool
to manage public healthcare spending. Also, Part D of the
Medicare Modernization Act, which became effective on
January 1, 2006 and provides for increased coverage of
pharmaceutical products, has led to increased usage of
pharmaceutical products, which we believe will continue to
benefit the generic pharmaceutical industry.
In addition, a large number of high-value branded pharmaceutical
patent expirations are expected over the next three years. In
2006, United States sales for branded products expected to face
patent expiration between 2007 and 2009 were approximately
$45 billion. Also, many countries outside of the United
States have later dated patent expirations than in the United
States. This means that many of the well known pharmaceuticals
that have recently lost patent protection in the United States
have not yet lost patent protection in many other jurisdictions
around the world. This provides for potential growth
opportunities for generic equivalents of these pharmaceuticals
in the global markets.
In the United States and certain other traditional generic
pharmaceutical markets, generic pharmaceuticals are sold under
their generic chemical names to wholesalers and distributors.
Market participants in traditional generic markets compete
primarily on price, dependability and ability to provide a broad
portfolio of offerings to customers. In these markets, generic
companies often offer both commoditized and differentiated or
difficult to manufacture products.
In contrast to traditional generic markets, in some
international markets generic products are sold as branded
generics and are marketed in a similar manner as patented
brand-name pharmaceuticals. Branded generic products are sold by
the generic pharmaceutical companys sales force directly
to physicians and pharmacists. As a result of these sales
efforts, we believe that brand equity is created and customer
relationships are established. These factors result in higher
barriers to entry in these markets and often in improved
competitive dynamics as compared to the traditional commoditized
generic pharmaceutical markets. These benefits include the
potential for more sustainable pricing and market share and
better growth prospects.
Our
Strategy
Our objective is to capitalize upon our position as the third
largest generic pharmaceutical company in the world by
successfully integrating Merck Generics and by focusing on the
principal strategies set forth below:
Capitalize on our global footprint and vertical
integration. We intend to sell existing and new
products into numerous global markets, creating substantial
opportunities for growth and potentially longer
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product lifecycles. In addition, we intend to capitalize on our
combined capabilities by integrating our global operations to
drive cost savings, including by rationalizing duplicative
research and development programs and by optimizing our
manufacturing capacity. We plan to use Matrixs API
capabilities and our expertise in finished dosage manufacturing
to increase vertical integration of our product portfolio so
that we are less reliant on third-party producers. We believe
this will be a particularly important strategy for the Merck
Generics business, which has relied heavily on third party
suppliers of API and contract manufacturers. We expect this
strategy to help us to maintain lower production costs which
will be of particular significance in highly competitive markets
where margins may become compressed.
Focus on difficult to develop and specialty
pharmaceuticals. We believe that we have
differentiated ourselves in the industry by being a leader in
the development, formulation and manufacture of various
difficult to develop pharmaceuticals. We intend to continue to
expand our formulation expertise with products that are
difficult to develop, formulate and manufacture. With the
addition of Merck Generics we added more products with high
barriers to entry as well as formulation capabilities, including
high-potency products, injectables, topicals, liquids,
inhalables and controlled-release products. We will strive to
maintain our advantage over our competitors in the production of
commercial quantities of oral solid dosage, controlled-release
and transdermal formulation products, as well as the high
barrier to entry products described above and our branded
specialty pharmaceuticals such as the respiratory products
produced by Dey.
Leverage scale in research and development. We
have invested and expect to continue to invest heavily in our
generic research and development network. This investment has
allowed us to build a robust pipeline of ANDAs and product
dossiers. Additionally, we intend to build upon Matrixs
strong record of DMF filings, as well as to leverage the
significant investments made by Matrix in research and
development capabilities, to further bolster our product
pipeline. Finally, with the addition of Merck Generics
research and development capabilities we are now able to utilize
our global expertise to develop products for multiple markets.
Maintain manufacturing excellence. We intend
to leverage our scale in manufacturing and our global
manufacturing network by increasing our commercial volumes and
improving efficiencies, while maintaining our reputation for
quality and reliability. We now have the capacity to produce
more than 45 billion doses annually. This capacity, coupled
with our large high quality product portfolio and track record
of compliance and reliability, provide us with marketing
advantages to serve our customers. With the Matrix acquisition
we have additional manufacturing capacity and manufacturing
flexibility. These features allow us to better manage industry
cycles while optimizing market share and gross margins, and
afford us the capability to manufacture products in additional
categories.
Realize our First InLast Out goal in new
markets. We seek to be the first generic
pharmaceutical company to penetrate a new market or capture a
new product opportunity. Depending on the market, we also try to
be the last out by either remaining price competitive as others
enter the market or by leveraging our strong brand name and
portfolio. In the United States, in some cases we also aim to be
the first-to-file with the FDA a Paragraph IV
certification, in an effort to gain 180 days of generic
market exclusivity. In other markets worldwide, we intend to
utilize our country sales forces and distribution networks to
leverage strong relationships with key decision makers in order
to be the first generic products in those markets. We will
strive to maintain our product volumes by being a low-cost
producer through vertical integration, and thereby keep our
products on the shelves longer and reduce the impact of
increased competition.
Our
Operations
Our revenues are primarily derived from the sale of generic and
branded generic pharmaceuticals, specialty pharmaceuticals and
API. Our generic pharmaceuticals business is conducted primarily
in three regions: North America, Europe, the Middle East and
Africa, or EMEA; and Asia Pacific, or AsiaPac. Our branded
specialty pharmaceutical business is conducted principally by
Dey, our subsidiary headquartered in
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Napa, California. Our API business is conducted principally
through our majority-owned subsidiary, Matrix, which is
headquartered in Hyderabad, India.
Generic
PharmaceuticalsNorth America
Our North American generic pharmaceutical sales are derived
principally through MPI and UDL, our wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Additionally, with the acquisition of Merck Generics on
October 2, 2007, our North American generic revenues now
include those from Genpharm Inc., our wholly-owned Canadian
subsidiary. MPI is our primary pharmaceutical research,
development, manufacturing, marketing and distribution
subsidiary. MPIs net revenues are derived primarily from
the sale of solid oral dosage products. Additionally, MPIs
net revenues are augmented by transdermal patch products that
are developed and manufactured by MTI, our wholly-owned
transdermal technology subsidiary. UDL re-packages and markets
products either obtained from MPI or purchased from third
parties, in unit dose formats, for use primarily in hospitals
and other medical institutions.
In the United States, for the 12 months ended
March 31, 2007, we manufactured over 93% of all generic
product doses we sold. We have one of the largest product
portfolios among all United States generic pharmaceutical
companies, consisting of approximately 170 products, of which
approximately 160 are in capsule or tablet form in an aggregate
of approximately 400 dosage strengths. Included in these totals
are 15 extended release products in a total of 38 dosage
strengths.
In addition to those products that we manufacture, we also
market, principally through UDL, 72 generic products in a total
of 118 dosage strengths under supply and distribution agreements
with other pharmaceutical companies. We believe that the breadth
of our product offerings allows us to successfully meet our
customers needs and helps us to better compete in the
generic industry over the long term.
Our product portfolio also includes four transdermal patch
products in a total of 18 dosage strengths that are developed
and manufactured by MTI. MTIs fentanyl transdermal system
was the first AB-rated generic alternative to
Johnson & Johnsons
Duragesic®
(fentanyl transdermal system) on the market and was also the
first generic class 2 narcotic transdermal product ever
approved. MTIs fentanyl product currently remains the only
AB-rated generic alternative approved in all strengths.
We believe that the future success of our North American
generics business is partially dependent upon continued
increasing acceptance of generic products as low cost
alternatives to branded pharmaceuticals, a trend which is
largely out of our control. However, we believe that we can
maximize the profitability of our generic product opportunities
by continuing with our proven track record of bringing to market
products that are difficult to formulate or manufacture or for
which the API is difficult to obtain. Over the last
10 years, in addition to fentanyl, we have successfully
introduced generic products with high barriers to entry,
including our launches of, among others, extended phenytoin
sodium, carbidopa and levodopa, buspirone and levothyroxine
sodium. Several of these products continued to be meaningful
contributors to our business several years after their initial
launch due to their high barriers to entry.
Additionally, we expect to achieve growth in our business by
launching new products for which we may attain FDA
first-to-file
status with Paragraph IV certification. This can result in
up to 180 days of generic exclusivity. We currently have 14
first-to-file Paragraph IV ANDA patent challenges. These 14
Paragraph IV ANDAs relate to pharmaceuticals representing
approximately $9.4 billion in United States branded sales
for the 12 months ended June 30, 2007. Fiscal year
2007 saw the successful monetization of two such first-to-file
opportunities with our launches of amlodipine besylate and
oxybutynin chloride ER.
We launched our amlodipine besylate product, the generic
equivalent of Pfizers
Norvasc®,
on March 23, 2007, following an Appellate Court decision
declaring the invalidity of Pfizers patent on the product.
Amlodipine besylate was our first product to be fully vertically
integrated by self-sourcing API from Matrix. Subsequent to our
launch, an additional 19 ANDAs were approved for amlodipine
besylate. However, we have been able to retain a market share of
greater than 50% and maintain profitability using our First
In-Last Out strategy.
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In the third quarter of fiscal year 2007, we launched 5mg and
10mg strengths of oxybutynin chloride ER, the generic equivalent
of Johnson & Johnsons
Ditropan®
XL, for which we were the first-to-file an ANDA with a
Paragraph IV certification. Also in the quarter ended
December 31, 2006, we launched the 15mg strength of
oxybutynin ER under an agreement with Ortho-McNeil
Pharmaceuticals, a wholly-owned subsidiary of
Johnson & Johnson. Despite losing our 180 days of
exclusivity on oxybutynin ER we remain one of only two
independent generics on the market.
Generic
PharmaceuticalsEMEA
Our generic pharmaceutical sales in the EMEA region are
principally derived from our wholly-owned subsidiaries acquired
through the acquisition of Merck Generics. We have operations in
17 countries in the EMEA region. Of the top five generic
pharmaceutical markets in Europe, we hold a top three market
share position in four, consisting of France, the UK, Spain and
Italy.
In France, we market our products through our subsidiary, Merck
Generiques, using a salesforce of approximately 160
representatives. The French generics market is primarily a
branded generics market, with doctors and pharmacists serving as
the key decision makers. France has the third largest generic
market in Europe with sales of $3.6 billion in 2006, and we
hold the number one market share position in the market, with
over 300 products on the market. The generics market made
up approximately 9% in 2006 of the total French pharmaceutical
market by sales, and some industry observers have projected that
the market will grow at approximately 20% per year over the next
five years. As of August 2007, Merck Generiques held the number
one market share position both in the retail sector, where it
holds an estimated market share of 29%, and in the hospital
sector, where it maintains a 35% market share in terms of
volume. Merck Generiques has a strong injectables portfolio
which has helped to position it as the market share leader in
the hospital market.
In the UK, our subsidiary, Generics (UK) Limited, offers a broad
product portfolio of over 300 pharmaceutical products. The
British generics market is a highly competitive traditional
generics substitution market, with the wholesalers and
pharmacies serving as the key decision makers. The reimbursement
market had sales of approximately $4.7 billion, making it
the second largest generic market in Europe. As of
July 2007, Generics (UK) Limited held an estimated market
share of approximately 14%, ranking it as the number two company
by generics market share. Generics (UK) Limited is well
positioned as a preferred supplier to wholesalers and is focused
on independent pharmacies on the retail side.
In Germany, we market our products through our Merck Dura
subsidiary. Most generic products in Germany are sold as brands,
with the physician serving as the key decision maker and more
recently, with health insurance companies starting to play a
major role. The German generics market had sales of
approximately $14.0 billion in 2006 and is the largest
generic market in Europe. The generics market made up
approximately 33.6% in 2006 of the total German pharmaceutical
market by sales. As of August 2006, Merck Dura ranked sixth in
terms of generic pharmaceuticals market share in Germany. Merck
Duras key therapeutic area strengths include the central
nervous system and cardiovascular areas.
In Spain, where we market our products through our subsidiary
Merck Genericos, we are the number three ranked company in terms
of generic pharmaceutical market share. The Spanish generics
market is a branded generics market, with the physician and/or
the pharmacist as the key decision maker depending on the
region. The market is focused on brand quality and it is
important to be first-to-market in order to capture market
share. The generics market in Spain had sales of approximately
$1.2 billion in 2006, making it the fourth largest generic
market in Europe. The generic market made up approximately 5.9%
in 2006 of the total Spanish pharmaceutical market by sales and
some industry observers have projected that the market will grow
at approximately 15% per year over the next five years. Sales in
Spain are expected to be augmented by the recent acquisition of
Prasfarma.
In Italy, we are the number three ranked company in terms of
generic pharmaceutical market share. The Italian generics market
is a branded generics market, and similar to the French market,
the Italian market is also focused on brand quality and it is
important to be first-to-market in order to capture and maintain
market share. The generics market in Italy had sales of
approximately $400 million in 2006, making it the sixth
largest generic market in Europe. We believe the Italian generic
market is underpenetrated, with generics
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representing only approximately 1.3% in 2006 of the total
Italian pharmaceutical market by sales. The Italian government
has put forth measures aimed at encouraging generic use;
however, the scope of these measures is limited and generic
substitution is still in its early stages. Some industry
observers have projected that the market will grow at
approximately 11% per year over the next five years.
We also operate in several other European markets, including
Portugal, where we hold a number one ranking, and Belgium, where
we hold a number two ranking. We also have a notable presence in
the Netherlands, Scandinavia and Ireland. Additionally, we have
an export business which is focused on Africa and the Middle
East. Our balanced geographical position, leadership standing in
many established and growing markets, and the vertically
integrated platform which Matrix provides, will all be key to
our future growth and success in the EMEA region.
Generic
PharmaceuticalsAsiaPac
Similar to the EMEA region, generic pharmaceutical sales in the
AsiaPac region are derived principally through wholly-owned
subsidiaries acquired through the acquisition of Merck Generics.
We hold the number one market position in both Australia and New
Zealand and the number four market position in Japan, the
worlds second largest pharmaceutical market.
Alphapharm, our Australian subsidiary, is the largest supplier
by volume of prescription pharmaceuticals in Australia. It is
also the market leader in generics in Australia, holding an
estimated 60% market share by volume as of August 2007, and
offering the largest portfolio of generic pharmaceutical
products in the Australian market. The Australian generics
market is a branded generics market, with the pharmacist serving
as the key decision maker. The generics market in Australia is
underdeveloped, and as a result, the government is increasingly
focused on promoting generics in an effort to reduce costs. The
generic pharmaceutical market had sales of approximately
$800 million in 2006 and made up approximately 9.0% of the
total Australian pharmaceutical market by sales and some
industry observers have projected that the market will grow at
approximately 7% per year over the next five years. In New
Zealand, our business operates under the name Pacific
Pharmaceuticals Ltd., our wholly-owned subsidiary and the
largest generics company in New Zealand.
Merck Seiyaku, our Japanese subsidiary, offers a broad portfolio
of over 450 products with a focus on antibiotics,
anti-diabetics, oncology and skin and allergy medications. We
have a manufacturing and R&D facility located in Japan
which is key to serving the Japanese market. Japan is the second
largest pharmaceutical market in the world and the sixth largest
generic market worldwide. The market is currently mostly
hospitals, but is expected to move into pharmacies as generic
substitution becomes more prevalent. The Japanese generic
pharmaceutical market had sales of approximately
$3.3 billion in 2006. The generic market made up
approximately 5% of the total Japanese pharmaceutical market by
sales. Recent pro-generics government actions include: higher
patient co-pays, fixed hospital reimbursement for certain
procedures, and pharmacy substitution. These actions are
expected to be key drivers of our future growth and
profitability in Japan which we see as our primary growth driver
in the AsiaPac region.
Specialty
Pharmaceuticals
Our specialty pharmaceutical business is conducted through Dey,
which competes primarily in the respiratory and severe allergy
markets. Deys products are primarily branded specialty
nebulized and injectable products for life-threatening
conditions. Deys revenues have historically been derived
primarily through the sale of two products, EpiPen and DuoNeb.
EpiPen, which is used in the treatment of severe allergies, is
an epinephrine auto-injector which has been sold in the United
States since 1980 and internationally since the mid-1980s.
EpiPen accounted for approximately 29% of Deys sales for
the 12 months ended December 31, 2006, and is the
number one prescribed treatment for severe allergic reactions
with a market share of over 95%. The strength of the EpiPen
brand name and the promotional strength of the Dey sales force
have enabled us to maintain our market share, despite recent
competition.
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DuoNeb, which accounted for approximately 56% of Deys
sales for the 12 months ended December 31, 2006, is a
nebulized unit dose formulation of ipratropium bromide and
albuterol sulfate for treatment of COPD. DuoNeb, which was
developed and patented by Dey, lost exclusivity in July 2007, at
which time generic competition entered the market. As a result
we expect sales of DuoNeb to decline. However, three recent
specialty pharmaceutical product launches,
Perforomisttm,
Zyflo
CRtm
and
Cyanokittm,
will help to offset the loss of exclusivity on DuoNeb.
Perforomisttm,
Deys formoterol fumarate inhalation solution, was launched
on October 2, 2007, six months earlier than anticipated.
Perforomist is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist, or LABA,
indicated for long-term, twice-daily administration in the
maintenance treatment of bronchoconstriction in COPD patients,
including those with chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Perforomist is the authentic formoterol fumarate, which we
believe will be a key differentiating factor amongst physicians.
Zyflo
CRtm,
Deys zileuton extended-release tablets, was launched on
September 27, 2007. Sold through a co-promotion with
Critical Therapeutics, Zyflo CR is a leukotriene synthesis
inhibitor indicated for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of
asthma in adults and children 12 years of age or older.
Zyflo CR competes in the approximately $7.9 billion United
States asthma market. Zyflo CR provides an alternative therapy
for sub-optimally controlled asthma patients.
Curosurf®
Intratracheal Suspension was launched in 2000 and is the most
recent lung surfactant introduced in the US for the treatment of
infant respiratory distress syndrome. Curosurfs growth
continues to outpace the competition which we believe is
attributable to its fast onset of action, low volume usage and
less frequent re-dosing.
Cyanokittm,
which was launched in March 2007, is indicated for the treatment
of smoke inhalation or cyanide poisoning. Cyanokit has been used
safely in Europe for over 10 years.
We believe we can continue to drive the long-term growth of Dey
by successfully managing our existing product portfolio, growing
our newly launched products and bringing to market other product
opportunities from Deys robust pipeline. We intend to
continue to build on our proven history of success in
developing, in-licensing and launching new specialty products.
Active
Pharmaceutical Ingredients
We conduct our API business through Matrix, in which we own a
71.5% interest. Matrix is the worlds second largest API
manufacturer with respect to the number of DMFs filed with
regulatory agencies. Matrix currently has more than 165 APIs in
the market or under development, and focuses its marketing
efforts on regulated markets such as the United States and the
European Union.
Matrix produces API for use in the manufacture of our
pharmaceutical products, as well as for use by third parties, in
a wide range of categories, including anti-bacterials, central
nervous system agents, anti-histamine/anti-asthmatics,
cardiovasculars, anti-virals, anti-diabetics, anti-fungals,
proton pump inhibitors and pain management drugs. Also included
in Matrixs product portfolio are anti-retroviral APIs,
used in the treatment of HIV. Matrix is a leading supplier of
generic anti-retroviral APIs.
Matrix has 10 API and intermediate manufacturing facilities and
one finished dosage form, or FDF, facility. Of these, seven,
including the FDF facility, are FDA approved, making Matrix one
of the largest companies in India in terms of FDA-approved API
manufacturing capacity. In addition, Matrix has manufacturing
facilities in China and holds investments in companies located
elsewhere in India, South Africa and Europe.
Our future success in API is dependent upon continuing to
leverage our research and development capabilities to produce
low-cost, high-quality API, while capitalizing on the greater
API volumes afforded through our horizontally and vertically
integrated platform.
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Research
and Development
Research and development efforts are conducted primarily to
enable us to develop, manufacture and market approved
pharmaceutical products in accordance with applicable government
regulations. In the United States, our largest market, the FDA
is the principal regulatory body with respect to pharmaceutical
products. Each of our other markets have separate pharmaceutical
regulatory bodies.
With the acquisitions of Merck Generics and a controlling
interest in Matrix, we have significantly bolstered our global
research and development capabilities. Our research and
development strategy includes the following areas:
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development of controlled-release technologies and the
application of these technologies to reference products;
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development of both NDA and ANDA products;
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development of drugs that are technically difficult to formulate
or manufacture either because of unusual factors that affect
their stability or bioequivalence or unusually stringent
regulatory requirements;
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development of drugs that target smaller, specialized or
underserved markets;
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development of generic drugs that represent first-to-file
opportunities;
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expansion of our existing solid oral dosage product portfolio,
including with respect to additional dosage strengths;
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completion of additional preclinical and clinical studies for
approved NDA products required by the FDA, known as
post-approval (Phase IV) commitments; and
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conducting life-cycle management studies intended to further
define the profile of products subject to pending or approved
NDAs.
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Product
Development
PharmaceuticalsUnited
States
All applications for FDA approval must contain information
relating to product formulation, raw material suppliers,
stability, manufacturing processes, packaging, labeling and
quality control. Information to support the bioequivalence of
generic drug products or the safety and effectiveness of new
drug products for their intended use is also required to be
submitted. There are generally two types of applications used
for obtaining FDA approval of new products:
New Drug Application, or NDA. An NDA is filed
when approval is sought to market a drug with active ingredients
that have not been previously approved by the FDA. NDAs are
filed for newly developed branded products and, in certain
instances, for a new dosage form, a new delivery system, or a
new indication for previously approved drugs.
Abbreviated New Drug Application, or ANDA. An
ANDA is filed when approval is sought to market a generic
equivalent of a drug product previously approved under an NDA
and listed in the FDAs Orange Book or for a
new dosage strength or a new delivery system for a drug
previously approved under an ANDA.
One requirement for FDA approval of NDAs and ANDAs is that our
manufacturing procedures and operations conform to FDA
requirements and guidelines, generally referred to as current
Good Manufacturing Practices, or cGMP. The requirements for FDA
approval encompass all aspects of the production process,
including validation and recordkeeping, and involve changing and
evolving standards.
Generic Product Development. FDA approval of
an ANDA is required before marketing a generic equivalent of a
drug approved under an NDA in the United States or for a
previously unapproved dosage strength or delivery system for a
drug approved under an ANDA. The ANDA development process is
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generally less time-consuming and complex than the NDA
development process. It typically does not require new
preclinical and clinical studies because it relies on the
studies establishing safety and efficacy conducted for the drug
previously approved through the NDA process. The ANDA process,
however, does require one or more bioequivalence studies to show
that the ANDA drug is bioequivalent to the previously approved
drug. Bioequivalence compares the bioavailability of one drug
product with that of another formulation containing the same
active ingredient. When established, bioequivalence confirms
that the rate of absorption and levels of concentration in the
bloodstream of a formulation of the previously approved drug and
the generic drug are equivalent. Bioavailability indicates the
rate and extent of absorption and levels of concentration of a
drug product in the bloodstream needed to produce the same
therapeutic effect.
Supplemental ANDAs are required for approval of various types of
changes to an approved application, and these supplements may be
under review for six months or more. In addition, certain types
of changes may only be approved once new bioequivalence studies
are conducted or other requirements are satisfied.
In the 12 months ended March 31, 2007, excluding
Matrix, we received 29 application approvals from the FDA,
consisting of 15 final ANDA approvals, nine tentative ANDA
approvals, four supplemental ANDA approvals and one tentative
supplemental ANDA approval. In the 12 months ended
March 31, 2007, Matrix received two ANDA approvals from the
FDA and two more approvals for dossiers filed with European
regulatory agencies.
We have a robust generic product pipeline. As of June 30,
2007, excluding Matrix, we had 61 product applications pending
at the FDA, representing approximately $54.5 billion in
United States sales for the 12 months ended June 30,
2007 for the brand name versions of these products, according to
IMS Health data. 14 of these applications were first-to-file
Paragraph IV ANDA patent challenges, which offer the
opportunity for 180 days of generic marketing exclusivity
if approved by the FDA and if we are successful in the patent
challenge.
In the 12 months ended March 31, 2007, Matrix made 12
regulatory filings for finished dosage forms with the FDA.
A large number of high-value branded pharmaceutical patent
expirations are expected over the next three years. Between 2007
and 2009, approximately $45 billion is expected in United
States brand sales for such products. These patent expirations
should provide additional generic product opportunities. We
intend to concentrate our generic product development activities
on branded products with significant sales in specialized or
growing markets or in areas that offer significant opportunities
and other competitive advantages. In addition, we intend to
continue to focus our development efforts on technically
difficult-to-formulate products or products that require
advanced manufacturing technology.
Branded Product Development. The process
required by the FDA before a pharmaceutical product with active
ingredients that have not been previously approved may be
marketed in the United States generally involves the following:
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laboratory and preclinical tests;
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submission of an Investigational New Drug, or IND, application,
which must become effective before clinical studies may begin;
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adequate and well-controlled human clinical studies to establish
the safety and efficacy of the proposed product for its intended
use;
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submission of an NDA containing the results of the preclinical
tests and clinical studies establishing the safety and efficacy
of the proposed product for its intended use, as well as
extensive data addressing matters such as manufacturing and
quality assurance;
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scale-up to
commercial manufacturing; and
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FDA approval of an NDA.
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Preclinical tests include laboratory evaluation of the product
and its chemistry, formulation and stability, as well as
toxicology and pharmacology studies to help define the
pharmacological profile of the drug and assess the potential
safety and efficacy of the product. The results of these studies
are submitted to the FDA as part of the IND. They must
demonstrate that the product delivers sufficient quantities of
the drug to the bloodstream or intended site of action to
produce the desired therapeutic results before human clinical
trials may begin. These studies must also provide the
appropriate supportive safety information necessary for the FDA
to determine whether the clinical studies proposed to be
conducted under the IND can safely proceed. The IND
automatically becomes effective 30 days after receipt by
the FDA unless the FDA, during that
30-day
period, raises concerns or questions about the conduct of the
proposed trials as outlined in the IND. In such cases, the IND
sponsor and the FDA must resolve any outstanding concerns before
clinical trials may begin. In addition, an independent
institutional review board must review and approve any clinical
study prior to initiation.
Human clinical studies are typically conducted in three
sequential phases, which may overlap:
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Phase I: The drug is initially introduced into a relatively
small number of healthy human subjects or patients and is tested
for safety, dosage tolerance, mechanism of action, absorption,
metabolism, distribution and excretion.
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Phase II: Studies are performed with a limited patient
population to identify possible adverse effects and safety
risks, to assess the efficacy of the product for specific
targeted diseases or conditions, and to determine dosage
tolerance and optimal dosage.
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Phase III: When Phase II evaluations demonstrate that a
dosage range of the product is effective and has an acceptable
safety profile, Phase III trials are undertaken to evaluate
further dosage and clinical efficacy and to test further for
safety in an expanded patient population at geographically
dispersed clinical study sites.
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The results of the product development, preclinical studies and
clinical studies are then submitted to the FDA as part of the
NDA. The NDA drug development and approval process could take
from three to more than 10 years.
PharmaceuticalsRest
of World
In Europe and the rest of the world, the manufacture and sale of
pharmaceutical products is regulated in a manner substantially
similar to that of the United States. Legal requirements
generally prohibit the handling, manufacture, marketing and
importation of any pharmaceutical product unless it is properly
registered in accordance with applicable law. The registration
file relating to any particular product must contain medical
data related to product efficacy and safety, including results
of clinical testing and references to medical publications, as
well as detailed information regarding production methods and
quality control. Health ministries are authorized to cancel the
registration of a product if it is found to be harmful or
ineffective or if it is manufactured or marketed other than in
accordance with registration conditions.
In November 2005, the European Union introduced legislation in
an attempt to simplify and harmonize product registration. A
mutual recognition procedure was established whereby after
submission and approval by authorities of the so-called
reference member state, applications can be submitted in the
other chosen member states. As part of this legislation, the EU
also established new decentralized procedures that allow
simultaneous submission of the application to chosen member
states.
Active
Pharmaceutical Ingredients
The regulatory process by which API manufacturers generally
register their products for commercial sale in the United States
and other similarly regulated countries is via the filing of a
DMF. DMFs are confidential documents containing
information on the manufacturing facility and processes used in
the manufacture, characterization, quality control, packaging,
and storage of an API. The DMF is reviewed for completeness by
the FDA, or other similar regulatory agencies in other
countries, in conjunction with applications filed by finished
dosage manufacturers,
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requesting approval to use the given API in the production of
their drug products. As of September 30, 2007, Matrix had
filed 118 DMFs in the United States and 872 DMFs in
the rest of the world.
Government
Regulation
United
States
All pharmaceutical manufacturers are subject to extensive,
complex and evolving regulation by the federal government,
principally the FDA and, to a lesser extent, other federal and
state government agencies. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act, the Controlled Substances Act, the Waxman-Hatch Act, the
Generic Drug Enforcement Act, and other federal government
statutes and regulations govern or influence the testing,
manufacturing, packaging, labeling, storage, recordkeeping,
safety, approval, advertising, promotion, sale and distribution
of products.
A sponsor of an NDA is required to identify in its application
any patent that claims the drug or a use of the drug that is the
subject of the application. Upon NDA approval, the FDA lists the
approved drug product and these patents in the Orange
Book. Any applicant that files an ANDA seeking approval of
a generic equivalent version of a referenced brand drug before
expiration of the referenced patent(s) must certify to the FDA
either that the listed patent is not infringed or that it is
invalid or unenforceable (a Paragraph IV certification). If
the holder of the NDA sues claiming infringement or invalidation
within 45 days of notification by the applicant, the FDA
may not approve the ANDA application until the earlier of the
rendering of a court decision favorable to the ANDA applicant or
the expiration of 30 months.
In addition to patent exclusivity, the holder of the NDA for the
listed drug may be entitled to a period of non-patent, market
exclusivity, during which the FDA cannot approve an application
for a bioequivalent product. If the listed drug is a new
chemical entity, the FDA may not accept an ANDA for a
bioequivalent product for up to five years following approval of
the NDA for the new chemical entity. If it is not a new chemical
entity, but the holder of the NDA conducted clinical trials
essential to approval of the NDA or a supplement thereto, the
FDA may not approve an ANDA for a bioequivalent product before
expiration of three years. Certain other periods of exclusivity
may be available if the listed drug is indicated for treatment
of a rare disease or is studied for pediatric indications.
Facilities, procedures, operations
and/or
testing of products are subject to periodic inspection by the
FDA, the Drug Enforcement Administration and other authorities.
In addition, the FDA conducts pre-approval and post-approval
reviews and plant inspections to determine whether our systems
and processes are in compliance with cGMP and other FDA
regulations. Certain suppliers are subject to similar
regulations and periodic inspections.
Medicaid, Medicare and other reimbursement legislation or
programs govern reimbursement levels and require all
pharmaceutical manufacturers to rebate a percentage of their
revenues arising from Medicare
and/or
Medicaid-reimbursed drug sales to individual states. The
required rebate is currently 11% of the average
manufacturers price for sales of Medicaid-reimbursed
products marketed under ANDAs. Sales of Medicare
and/or
Medicaid-reimbursed products marketed under NDAs generally
require manufacturers to rebate the greater of approximately 15%
of the average manufacturers price or the difference
between the average manufacturers price and the best price
during a specific period. We believe that federal or state
governments may continue to enact measures aimed at reducing the
cost of drugs to the public.
Under Part D of the Medicare Modernization Act, which
became effective January 1, 2006, Medicare beneficiaries
are eligible to obtain discounted prescription drug coverage
from private sector providers. As a result, usage of
pharmaceuticals has increased, a trend which we believe will
continue to benefit the generic pharmaceutical industry.
However, such potential sales increases may be offset by
increased pricing pressures due to the enhanced purchasing power
of the private sector providers that are negotiating on behalf
of Medicare beneficiaries.
The primary regulatory approval required for API manufacturers
selling APIs for use in FDFs to be marketed in the United States
is approval of the manufacturing facility in which the APIs are
produced, as well as the manufacturing processes and standards
employed in that facility. The FDA requires that the
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manufacturing operations of both API and FDF manufacturers,
regardless of where in the world they are located, comply with
cGMP.
European
Union
Pharmaceutical products regulation. In the EU,
drug approval and manufacture is regulated at both the national
and European levels. Within the EU there are four types of
marketing authorization procedures: the centralized procedure,
the mutual recognition procedure, the decentralized procedure
and the independent national procedure.
An application under the centralized procedure must be submitted
to the EMA and, if granted, allows marketing of that product
throughout the EU. The centralized procedure is mandatory for
all biotechnology products, for medicines indicated for the
treatment of AIDS, cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative
diseases, for orphan medicinal products and, from May 20,
2008, for medicines for autoimmune and viral diseases.
Pursuant to the mutual recognition, or MR, procedure, a
marketing authorization is first sought in one member state from
the national regulatory agency (the Reference Member State, or
RMS). The RMS makes its assessment report on the quality,
efficacy and safety of the medicinal product available to other
Concerned Member States, or CMSs, where marketing authorizations
are also sought under the MR procedure. The MR procedure is not
automatic: While one CMS may refuse recognition of the marketing
authorisation granted by the RMS based on grounds of potential
serious risk to public health, other CMS may grant their
approval and authorization regardless of an outgoing procedure
to ascertain a potential serious risk of the public health.
The decentralized procedure is based on the same fundamental
idea as the MR procedure. In contrast to the MR procedure,
however, the decentralized procedure does not require a national
marketing authorization to have been granted for the medicinal
product. The pharmaceutical company applies for marketing
authorization simultaneously in all the member states of the EU
in which it wants to market the product. After consultation with
the pharmaceutical company, one of the member states concerned
in the decentralized procedure will become the RMS. The
competent agency of the RMS undertakes the scientific evaluation
of the medicinal product on behalf of the other CMSs and
coordinates the procedure. If all the member states involved
(RMS and CMS) agree to grant marketing authorizations, this
decision forms the basis for the granting of the national
marketing authorisations in the respective member states. The
aim of the decentralized procedure is to avoid the problem of
member states objecting to the initial marketing authorization.
However, if there are any problems they will be dealt with by
the CMD (the coordination group for MR and decentralized
procedures) under a
60-day
referral procedure.
As with the MR procedure, the advantage of the decentralized
procedure is that the pharmaceutical company receives identical
marketing authorizations for its medicinal product in all the
member states of the EU in which it wants to market the product.
This leads to a considerable reduction in the future
administrative burden on the pharmaceutical company with regard
to variations, extensions, renewals, etc. concerning its
national marketing authorizations.
Once a decentralized procedure has been completed, the
pharmaceutical company can subsequently apply for marketing
authorizations for the medicinal product in additional EU member
states by means of the MR procedure.
All products, whether centrally authorized or authorized by the
mutual recognition or decentralized procedure, may only be sold
in other member states if the product information is in the
official language of the state in which the product will be
sold, which effectively requires specific repackaging and
labeling of the product.
Under the national procedure, a company applies for a marketing
authorization in one member state. The national procedure can
now only be used if the pharmaceutical company does not seek
authorization in more than one member state. If it does seek
wider marketing authorizations, it must use the centralized MR
or decentralized procedure.
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Generic pharmaceutical approval. Before a
generic pharmaceutical product can be marketed in the EU a
marketing authorization must be obtained. If a generic
pharmaceutical product is shown to be essentially the same as,
or bio-equivalent to, one that is already on the market and
which has been authorized in the EU for a specified number of
years, as explained in the section on data exclusivity below, no
further pre-clinical or clinical trials are required for that
new generic pharmaceutical product to be authorized. The generic
applicant can file an abridged application for marketing
authorization, but in order to take advantage of the abridged
procedure, the generic manufacturer must demonstrate specific
similarities, including bio-equivalence, to the already
authorized product. Access to clinical data of the reference
drug is governed by the European laws relating to data
exclusivity, which are outlined below. Other products, such as
new dosages of established products, must be subjected to
further testing, and bridging data in respect of
these further tests must be submitted along with the abridged
application.
Manufacturing. In addition to obtaining
approval for each product, in most EU countries the
pharmaceutical product manufacturers facilities must
obtain approval from the national supervisory authority. The
European Union has a code of good manufacturing practice, which
the marketing authorization holder must comply with. Regulatory
authorities in the EU may conduct inspections of the
manufacturing facilities to review procedures, operating systems
and personnel qualifications.
Pricing and reimbursement. In order to control
expenditure on pharmaceuticals, most member states in the
European Union regulate the pricing of products and in some
cases limit the range of different forms of drugs available for
prescription by national health services. These controls can
result in considerable price differences between member states.
In addition, in past years, as part of overall programs to
reduce healthcare costs, certain European governments have
prohibited price increases and have introduced various systems
designed to lower prices. Some European governments have also
prescribed minimum targets for generics dispensing.
Data exclusivity. An applicant for a generic
marketing authorization currently cannot avail itself of the
abridged procedure in the EU by relying on the originator
pharmaceutical companys data until expiry of the relevant
period of exclusivity given to that data. For products first
authorized prior to October 30, 2005, this period is six or
ten years (depending on the member state in question) after the
grant of the first marketing authorization sought for the
relevant product, due to data exclusivity provisions which have
been in place. From October 30, 2005, the implementation of
a new EU directive (2004/27/EC) harmonized the data exclusivity
period for originator pharmaceutical products throughout the EU
member states which are legally obliged to have implemented the
directive by October 30, 2005. The new regime for data
exclusivity provides for an eight-year data exclusivity period
commencing from the grant of first marketing authorization.
After the eight-year period has expired, a generic applicant can
refer to the data of the originator pharmaceutical company in
order to file an abridged application for approval of its
generic equivalent product. Yet, conducting the necessary
studies and trials for an abridged application, within the data
exclusivity period, is not regarded as contrary to patent rights
or to supplementary protection certificates for medicinal
products. However, the applicant will not be able to launch its
product for a further two years. This ten-year total period may
be extended to 11 years if the original marketing
authorization holder obtains within those initial eight years a
further authorization for a new therapeutic use of the product
which is shown to be of significant clinical benefit. Further, a
specific data exclusivity for one year may be obtained for a new
indication for a well-established substance, provided that
significant pre-clinical or clinical studies were carried out in
relation to the new indication. This new regime for data
exclusivity will apply to products first authorized after
October 30, 2005.
Canada
In Canada, the registration process for approval of all generic
pharmaceuticals has two tracks which proceed in parallel. The
first track is concerned with the quality, safety and efficacy
of the proposed generic product, and the second track concerns
patent rights of the brand drug owner. Companies may submit an
application called an abbreviated new drug submission, or ANDS,
to Health Canada for sale of the drug in Canada by comparing the
drug to another drug marketed in Canada under a Notice of
Compliance, or NOC, issued to a first person. When Health Canada
is satisfied that the generic pharmaceutical product described
in
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the ANDS satisfies the statutory requirements, it issues an NOC
for that product for the uses specified in the ANDS, subject to
any court order that may be made in the second track of the
approval process.
The first track of the process involves an examination of the
ANDS by Health Canada to ensure that the quality, safety and
efficacy of the product meet Canadian standards and
bioequivalence.
The second track of the approval process is governed by the
Patented Medicines (Notice of Compliance) Regulations. The owner
or exclusive licensee, or Originator, of patents relating to the
brand drug for which it has an NOC may have established a list
of patents administered by Health Canada enumerating all the
patents claiming the medicinal ingredient, formulation, dosage
form or the use of the medicinal ingredient. It is possible that
even though the patent for the API may have expired, the
Originator may have other patents on the list which relate to
new forms of the API, a formulation or additional uses. Most
brand name drugs have an associated patent list containing one
or more unexpired patents claiming the medicinal ingredient
itself or a use of the medicinal ingredient (a claim for the use
of the medicinal ingredient for the diagnosis, treatment,
mitigation or prevention of a disease, disorder or abnormal
physical state or its symptoms). In its ANDS, a generic
applicant must make at least one of the statutory allegations
with respect to each patent on the patent list, for example,
alleging that the patent is invalid or would not be infringed
and explaining the basis for that allegation. In conjunction
with filing its ANDS, the generic applicant is required to serve
a Notice of Allegation, or NOA, on the Originator which gives a
detailed statement of the factual and legal basis for its
allegations in the ANDS. The Originator may commence a court
application within 45 days after it has been served with
the NOA if it takes the position that the allegations are not
justified. When the application is filed in court and served on
Health Canada, Health Canada may not issue an NOC until the
earlier of the determination of the application by the court
after a hearing or the expiration of 24 months from the
commencement of the application. The period may be shortened or
lengthened by the court in certain circumstances. An NOC can be
obtained for a generic product only if the applicant is
successful in defending the application under the Patented
Medicines (Notice of Compliance) Regulations in court. The legal
costs incurred in connection with the application could be
substantial.
Section C.08.004.1 of the Food and Drug Regulations is the
so-called data protection provision and the current version of
this section applies in respect of all drugs for which an NOC
was issued on or after June 17, 2006. A subsequent
applicant for approval to market a drug for which an NOC has
already been issued does not need to perform duplicate clinical
trials similar to those conducted by the first NOC holder, but
is permitted to demonstrate safety and efficacy by submitting
data demonstrating that its formulation is bioequivalent to the
formulation that was issued for the first NOC. The first party
to obtain an NOC for a drug will have an eight-year period of
exclusivity starting from the date it received its NOC based on
those clinical data. A subsequent applicant for approval who
seeks to establish safety and efficacy by comparing its product
to the product that received the first NOC will not be able to
file its own application until six years following the issuance
of the first NOC have expired. The Minister of Health will not
be permitted to issue an NOC to that applicant until eight years
following the issuance of the first NOC have expired
this additional two-year period will correspond in most cases to
the 24-month
automatic stay under the Regulations. If the first person
provides the Minister with the description and results of
clinical trials relating to the use of the drug in pediatric
populations, it will be entitled to an extra six months of data
protection. A drug is only entitled to data protection so long
as it is being marketed in Canada.
Facilities, procedures, operations
and/or
testing of products are subject to periodic inspection by Health
Canada and the Health Products and Food Branch Inspectorate. In
addition, Health Canada conducts pre-approval and post-approval
reviews and plant inspections to determine whether our systems
are in compliance with cGMP, Drug Establishment Licensing, or
EL, requirements and other provisions of the Regulations.
Competitors are subject to similar regulations and inspections.
The provinces and territories in Canada operate drug benefit
programs through which eligible recipients receive drugs through
public funding; these drugs are listed on provincial Drug
Benefit Formularies. Eligible recipients include seniors,
persons on social assistance, low-income earners, and those with
certain specified conditions or diseases. To be considered for
listing in a provincial or territorial Formulary, drug products
must have been issued an NOC and must be approved through a
national common drug review
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process. The listing recommendation is made by the Canadian
Expert Drug Advisory Committee and must be approved by the
applicable provincial/territorial health ministry.
The primary regulatory approval for pharmaceutical
manufacturers, distributors and importers selling
pharmaceuticals to be marketed in Canada is the issuance of an
EL. An EL is issued once Health Canada has approved the facility
in which the pharmaceuticals are manufactured, distributed or
imported. A key requirement for approval of a facility is
compliance with cGMP. For pharmaceuticals that are imported, the
license for the importing facility must list all foreign sites
at which imported pharmaceuticals are manufactured. To be
listed, a foreign site must demonstrate cGMP compliance.
Australia
The pharmaceutical industry is one of the most highly regulated
industries in Australia. The Australian federal government is
heavily involved in the operation of the industry, as it is the
main purchaser of medicinal and pharmaceutical products. The
Australian federal government also regulates the quality, safety
and efficacy of therapeutic goods.
The government exerts a significant degree of control over the
pharmaceuticals market through the Pharmaceutical Benefits
Scheme, or PBS, which is a governmental program for subsidizing
the cost of pharmaceuticals to Australian consumers. Over 80% of
all prescription medicines sold in Australia are reimbursed by
the PBS. The PBS is operated under the National Health Act 1953
(Cth). This act governs such matters as who may sell
pharmaceutical products, recovery of input and raw material
costs, the prices at which pharmaceutical products may be sold
and governmental subsidies.
For pharmaceutical products listed on the PBS, the price of each
product is determined through negotiations between the
Pharmaceutical Benefits Pricing Authority (a governmental
agency) and pharmaceutical manufacturers. The Australian
governments purchasing power is used to obtain lower
prices and restrict volumes as a means of controlling the cost
of the program. The PBS also caps the margin that wholesalers
may charge for drugs listed on the PBS. Wholesalers therefore
have little pricing power over the majority of their product
range and as a result are unable to increase profitability by
increasing prices or margins. There have been recent changes to
the pricing regime for PBS listed medicines which have decreased
the margin wholesalers can charge. However, the Australian
government has established a fund to compensate wholesalers
under certain circumstances for the impact on the wholesale
margin resulting from the new pricing arrangements.
Australia has a five year data exclusivity period, whereby any
data relating to a pharmaceutical product cannot be referred to
in another companys dossier until five years after the
original product was approved.
Manufacturers of pharmaceutical products are also regulated by
the Therapeutic Goods Administration, or TGA, under the
Therapeutic Goods Act 1989 (Cth), or the Act. The TGA regulates
the quality, safety and efficacy of pharmaceuticals supplied in
Australia. The TGA carries out a range of assessment and
monitoring activities to ensure that therapeutic goods available
in Australia are of an acceptable standard, with a goal of
ensuring that the Australian community has access, within a
reasonable time, to therapeutic advances. Australian
manufacturers of all medicines must be licensed under
Part 4 of the Act and their manufacturing processes must
comply with the principles of the cGMP.
All therapeutic goods manufactured for supply in Australia must
be listed or registered in the Australian Register of
Therapeutic Goods, or ARTG, before they can be supplied. The
ARTG is a database of information about therapeutic goods for
human use which are approved for supply in, or export from,
Australia. Whether a product is listed or registered in the ARTG
depends largely on the ingredients, the dosage form of the
product and the promotional or therapeutic claims made for the
product.
Medicines assessed as having a higher level of risk must be
registered, while those with a lower level of risk can be
listed. The majority of listed medicines are self-selected by
consumers and used for self-treatment. In assessing the level of
risk, factors such as the strength of a product, side effects,
potential harm
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through prolonged use, toxicity, and the seriousness of the
medical condition for which the product is intended to be used
are taken into account.
Labeling, packaging and advertising of pharmaceutical products
are also regulated by the TGA. There are best practice
guidelines that are in place for each of these areas, to guide
TGA assessors in assessing the appropriateness of the labeling,
packaging and advertising of pharmaceuticals.
Japan
In Japan we are governed by various laws and regulations,
including the Pharmaceutical Law and the Products Liability Law.
Under the Pharmaceutical Law, the retailing or supply of a
pharmaceutical, which a person has manufactured (including
manufacturing under license) or imported is defined as
marketing, and in order to market pharmaceuticals,
one has to obtain a license, which we refer to herein as a
Marketing License, from the Minister of Health, Labour and
Welfare, or the Minister. A Marketing License includes a
manufacturing license. There are two types of Marketing License
according to the pharmaceuticals to be marketed. The authority
to grant the Marketing License is delegated to prefectural
governors and therefore the relevant application must be filed
with the relevant prefectural governor. A Marketing License will
not be granted if the quality control system for the
pharmaceutical for which the Marketing License has been applied
or the post-marketing safety management system for the relevant
pharmaceutical does not comply with the standards specified by
the relevant Ministerial Ordinance made under the Pharmaceutical
Law.
In addition to the Marketing License, a person intending to
market a pharmaceutical must, for each product, obtain marketing
approval from the Minister with respect to such marketing, which
we refer to herein as Marketing Approval. Marketing Approval is
granted subject to examination of the name, ingredients,
quantities, structure, dosage, method of use, indications and
effects, performance and adverse reactions, and the quality,
efficacy and safety of the pharmaceutical. A person intending to
obtain Marketing Approval must attach materials such as data
related to the results of clinical trials or conditions of usage
in foreign countries. Japan provides for market exclusivity
through a Re-examination System, which prevents the entry of
generic pharmaceuticals until the end of the re-examination
period, which is normally six years.
The authority to grant Marketing Approval in relation to
pharmaceuticals for certain specified purposes (e.g.,
cold medicines and decongestants) is delegated to the
prefectural governors by the Minister and applications in
relation to such pharmaceuticals must be filed with the governor
of the relevant prefecture where the relevant companys
head office is located. Applications for pharmaceuticals for
which the authority to grant the Marketing Approval remains with
the Minister must be filed with the Pharmaceuticals and Medical
Devices Agency. When an application is submitted for a
pharmaceutical whose active ingredients, quantities,
administration and dosage, method of use, indications and
effects are distinctly different from those of pharmaceuticals
which have already been approved, the Minister must seek the
opinion of the Pharmaceutical Affairs and Food Sanitation
Council.
The Pharmaceutical Law provides that when the pharmaceutical
which is the subject of an application is shown not to result in
the indicated effects or performance indicated in the
application, or when the pharmaceutical is found to have no
value as a pharmaceutical since it has harmful effects
outweighing its indicated effects or performance, Marketing
Approval shall not be granted.
The Minister can order the cancellation or amendment of a
Marketing Approval when (1) it is necessary to do so from
the viewpoint of public health and hygiene, (2) the
necessary materials for re-examination or re-valuation, which
the Minister has ordered considering the character of
pharmaceuticals, have not been submitted, false materials have
been submitted or the materials submitted do not comply with the
criteria specified by the Minister, (3) the relevant
companys Marketing License has expired or has been
canceled (a Marketing License needs to be renewed every three
years), (4) the regulations regarding investigations of
facilities in relation to manufacturing management standards or
quality control have been violated or (5) the conditions
set in relation to the Marketing Approval have been violated.
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Doctors and pharmacists providing medical services pursuant to
state medical insurance are prohibited from using
pharmaceuticals other than those specified by the Minister. The
Minister also specifies the standards of pharmaceutical prices,
which we refer to herein as Drug Price Standards. The Drug Price
Standards are used as the basis of the calculation of the price
paid by medical insurance for pharmaceuticals. The governmental
policy relating to medical services and the health insurance
system, as well as the Drug Price Standards, are revised every
two years.
Patents,
Trademarks and Licenses
We own or license a number of patents in the United States and
foreign countries covering certain products and have also
developed brand names and trademarks for other products.
Generally, the brand pharmaceutical business relies upon patent
protection to ensure market exclusivity for the life of the
patent. We consider the overall protection of our patents,
trademarks and license rights to be of material value and act to
prevent these rights from infringement. However, our business is
not dependent upon any single patent, trademark or license.
In the branded pharmaceutical industry, the majority of an
innovative products commercial value is usually realized
during the period in which the product has market exclusivity.
In the United States and some other countries, when market
exclusivity expires and generic versions of a product are
approved and marketed, there can often be very substantial and
rapid declines in the products sales. The rate of this
decline varies by country and by therapeutic category. However,
following patent expiration, branded products often continue to
have market viability based upon the goodwill of the product
name, which typically benefits from trademark protection.
A products market exclusivity is generally determined by
two forms of intellectual property: patent rights held by the
innovator company and any regulatory forms of exclusivity to
which the innovator is entitled.
Patents are a key determinant of market exclusivity for most
branded pharmaceuticals. Patents provide the innovator with the
right to exclude others from practicing an invention related to
the medicine. Patents may cover, among other things, the active
ingredient(s), various uses of a drug product, pharmaceutical
formulations, drug delivery mechanisms and processes for (or
intermediates useful in) the manufacture of products. Protection
for individual products extends for varying periods in
accordance with the expiration dates of patents in the various
countries. The protection afforded, which may also vary from
country to country, depends upon the type of patent, its scope
of coverage and the availability of meaningful legal remedies in
the country.
Market exclusivity is also sometimes influenced by regulatory
intellectual property rights. Many developed countries provide
certain non-patent incentives for the development of medicines.
For example, the United States, the EU and Japan each provide
for a minimum period of time after the approval of a new drug
during which the regulatory agency may not rely upon the
innovators data to approve a competitors generic
copy. Regulatory intellectual property rights are also available
in certain markets as incentives for research on new
indications, on orphan drugs and on medicines useful in treating
pediatric patients. Regulatory intellectual property rights are
independent of any patent rights that we may possess and can be
particularly important when a drug lacks broad patent
protection. However, most regulatory forms of exclusivity do not
prevent a competitor from gaining regulatory approval prior to
the expiration of regulatory data exclusivity on the basis of
the competitors own safety and efficacy data on its drug,
even when that drug is identical to that marketed by the
innovator.
We estimate the likely market exclusivity period for each of our
branded products on a
case-by-case
basis. It is not possible to predict the length of market
exclusivity for any of our branded products with certainty
because of the complex interaction between patent and regulatory
forms of exclusivity, and inherent uncertainties concerning
patent litigation. There can be no assurance that a particular
product will enjoy market exclusivity for the full period of
time that the Company currently estimates or that the
exclusivity will be limited to the estimate. For a discussion on
market exclusivity, see Product Development
above.
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In addition to patents and regulatory forms of exclusivity, we
also hold intellectual property in the form of trademarks on
products such as Perforomist, Zyflo CR and Cyanokit. Trademarks
have no effect on market exclusivity for a product, but are
considered to have marketing value. Trademark protection
continues in some countries as long as used; in other countries,
as long as registered. Registration is for fixed terms and can
be renewed indefinitely.
As part of the Merck Generics acquisition, we entered into a
Brand License Agreement with Merck KGaA which generally grants
us the right to use the Merck name for the acquired businesses
for a period of up to two years.
Customers
and Marketing
In the United States, we market products directly to
wholesalers, distributors, retail pharmacy chains, mail order
pharmacies and group purchasing organizations. We also market
our generic products indirectly to independent pharmacies,
managed care organizations, hospitals, nursing homes, pharmacy
benefit management companies and government entities. These
customers, called indirect customers, purchase our
products primarily through our wholesale customers.
In EMEA and the AsiaPac region, generic pharmaceuticals are sold
to wholesalers, pharmacy groups, independent pharmacies and, in
certain countries, directly to hospitals. Through a broad
network of sales representatives, we adapt our marketing
strategy to the different markets as dictated by their
respective regulatory and competitive landscapes.
Our APIs are sold primarily to generic finished dosage form
manufacturers throughout the world.
Competition
United
States
The United States pharmaceutical industry is very competitive.
Our competitors vary depending upon therapeutic areas and
product categories. Primary competitors include the major
manufacturers of brand name and generic pharmaceuticals.
The primary means of competition are innovation and development,
timely FDA approval, manufacturing capabilities, product
quality, marketing, customer service, reputation and price. To
compete effectively on the basis of price and remain profitable,
a generic drug manufacturer must manufacture its products in a
cost-effective manner. Our competitors include other generic
manufacturers, as well as brand companies that license their
products to generic manufacturers prior to patent expiration or
as relevant patents expire. No further regulatory approvals are
required for a brand manufacturer to sell its pharmaceutical
products directly or through a third party to the generic
market, nor do such manufacturers face any other significant
barriers to entry into such market.
The United States pharmaceutical market is undergoing, and is
expected to continue to undergo, rapid and significant
technological changes, and we expect competition to intensify as
technological advances are made. We intend to compete in this
marketplace by: (1) developing therapeutic equivalents to
branded products that offer unique marketing opportunities;
(2) developing or licensing brand pharmaceutical products
that are either patented or proprietary; and (3) developing
or licensing brand pharmaceutical products that are primarily
for indications having relatively large patient populations or
that have limited or inadequate treatments available.
Our sales can be impacted by new studies that indicate a
competitors product has greater efficacy for treating a
disease or particular form of disease than one of our products.
Our sales also can be impacted by additional labeling
requirements relating to safety or convenience that may be
imposed on our products by the FDA or by similar regulatory
agencies in different countries. If competitors introduce new
products and processes with therapeutic or cost advantages, our
products can be subject to progressive price reductions or
decreased volume of sales, or both.
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Rest of
World
In Europe and the rest of the world, our competitors include
other generic companies (several major multinational generic
drug companies and various local generic drug companies) and
branded drug companies that continue to sell or license branded
pharmaceutical products after patent expirations and other
statutory expirations. As in the United States, the generic
market in Europe is very competitive, with the main competitive
factors being price, time to market, reputation, customer
service and breadth of product line.
Competitive factors in certain major markets in which we
participate can be summarized as follows:
France. Generic penetration in France is
relatively low compared to other large pharmaceutical markets,
with low prices resulting from government initiatives and
aggressive pharmacist buying groups. As pharmacists are the
primary customers in this market, established relationships,
driven by breadth of portfolio and effective supply chain
management, are key competitive advantages.
United Kingdom. The UK is one of the most
competitive markets with low barriers to entry and a high degree
of fragmentation. Competition among manufacturers along with
indirect control of pricing by the government has led to strong
downward pricing pressure. Companies in the UK will continue to
compete on price, with consistent supply chain and breadth of
product portfolio also coming into play.
Germany. The German market has become highly
competitive as a result of a large number of generic players and
one of the highest generic penetration rates in Europe. The
German market is primarily branded generics, with physicians
having a great deal of influence over which companys
products are dispensed. Recent legislation has resulted in
pricing pressures which, along with the desire by health
insurers to deal with a select number of generic suppliers,
should drive near-term competition.
Spain. Spain is a rapidly growing, highly
fragmented generic market with over 100 market participants.
Generic substitution by pharmacists is not permitted in Spain,
making physicians the key drivers of generic usage. Companies
compete in Spain based on name recognition and a consistent
supply of quality products.
Italy. The Italian generics market is
relatively small due in part to low prices on available
brand-name drugs. The Italian government has put forth measures
aimed at increasing generic usage; however, generic substitution
is still in its early stages.
Australia. The Australian generics market is
small by international standards in terms of prescriptions,
value and the number of active participants. Patent extensions
which delayed patent expiration are somewhat responsible for
under-penetration of generic products. With the physicians being
the key decision makers in generic substitution, name
recognition is a key competitive advantage.
Japan. The Japanese generics market is small
by international standards. Historically, government initiatives
have kept all drug prices low, resulting in little incentive for
generic usage. More recently, pro-generic actions by the
government should lead to growth in the generics market, in
which doctors, pharmacists and hospital purchasers will all play
a key role.
India. Intense competition by other API
suppliers in the Indian pharmaceuticals market has, in recent
years, led to increased pressure on prices. We expect that
Indian pharmaceutical industry growth will be led by the export
of API and generic products to developed markets. The success of
Indian pharmaceutical companies is attributable to established
development expertise in chemical synthesis and process
engineering, availability of highly skilled labor and the
low-cost manufacturing base.
Raw
Materials
The APIs and other materials and supplies used in our
pharmaceutical manufacturing operations are generally available
and purchased from many different domestic and foreign
suppliers, including Matrix. However, in some cases, the raw
materials used to manufacture pharmaceutical products in the
United States are available only from a single supplier. Even
when more than one supplier exists, we may choose, and in some
cases have chosen, only to list one supplier in our applications
submitted to the FDA. Any change in a supplier not previously
approved must then be submitted through a formal approval
process with the FDA.
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Directors,
Executive Officers and Regional Presidents
The following table sets forth information concerning our
directors, executive officers and regional presidents as of
October 31, 2007:
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Name
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Age
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Position
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Robert J. Coury
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47
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Vice Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director
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Edward J. Borkowski
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48
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Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
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Heather Bresch
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38
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Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
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Rajiv Malik
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46
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Executive Vice President and Head of Global Technical Operations
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Didier Barret
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43
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President, Europe/Middle East/Africa
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Harry A. Korman
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50
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President, North America
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John Montgomery
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51
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President, Asia Pacific
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Carolyn Myers, Ph.D.
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49
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President, Mylan Technologies Inc.; and PresidentElect,
Dey L.P.
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N. Prasad
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46
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Head of Global Strategies in the Office of the CEO and Director
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Daniel C. Rizzo, Jr.
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45
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Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller
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Stuart A. Williams
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53
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Chief Legal Officer and Secretary
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Milan Puskar
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72
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Chairman
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Wendy Cameron
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48
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Director
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Neil Dimick
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57
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Director
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Douglas J. Leech
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52
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Director
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Joseph C. Maroon, MD
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67
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Director
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Rodney L. Piatt
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54
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Director
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C.B. Todd
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73
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Director
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Randall L. Vanderveen, Ph.D.
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56
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Director
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Executive
Officers and Regional Presidents
Robert J. Coury. Vice Chairman of the Board
(since March 2002) and Chief Executive Officer of Mylan
(since September 2002); founder and former Chief Executive
Officer and principal owner of Coury Consulting, L.P., a
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania corporate advisory firm
(19892002); Non-Executive Chairman of the Board of Matrix.
Edward J. Borkowski. Executive Vice President
(since October 2007) Chief Financial Officer (since March 2002);
Vice President, Global Finance and Information Technology, as
well as Assistant Vice President, North American Finance and
Administration, for the Consumer Healthcare Division of
Pharmacia Corporation (19992002).
Heather Bresch. Executive Vice President and
Chief Operating Officer (since October 2007); Head of North
America Operations (January 2007October 2007); Senior Vice
President, Strategic Corporate Development, in the Office of the
CEO (February 2006January 2007); Vice President, Strategic
Corporate Development (May 2005February 2006); Vice
President of Public and Government Relations (February
2004April 2005); Director of Government Relations (March
2002February 2004); Director of Business Development
(January 2001March 2002).
S-76
Rajiv Malik. Executive Vice President (since
October 2007) and Head of Global Technical Operations
(since January 2007) and Chief Executive Officer of Matrix
(since July 2005); former Head of Global Development and
Registrations at Sandoz GmbH (September 2003July 2005);
Head of Global Regulatory Affairs and Head of Pharma Research at
Ranbaxy (October 1999September 2003).
Didier Barret. President Europe/Middle
East/Africa (since October 2007); Regional Director Merck
Generics (20042007); Area Director Merck Generics France,
Belgium, Italy, Spain, Portugal (20002004).
Harry A. Korman. President, North America
(since October 2007); President, Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., a
Mylan subsidiary (since 2005); President of UDL Laboratories
Inc., a Mylan subsidiary (20012005); Vice President of
Sales and Marketing of Mylan Pharmaceuticals (19972000).
John Montgomery. President Asia Pacific (since
October 2007); Executive positions with Merck Generics, most
recently Chief Executive Officer of Alphapharm in Australia and
Regional Director, Asia Pacific (19992007); formerly with
Warner Lambert in the United Kingdom, United States and
Australia in roles including Business Director Europe, Vice
President Cardiovascular, Vice President Portfolio Management
for North America, Regional President Australia/New Zealand.
Carolyn Myers, Ph.D. President-Elect,
Dey, L.P., a Mylan subsidiary (since October 2007) and
President of Mylan Technologies (since February 2006); Vice
President of Branded Business Development and Strategic
Marketing (20032006); Global Director, Cardiovascular, at
Pharmacia (20012003).
N. Prasad. Head of Global Strategies,
Office of the CEO (since January 2007); Non-Executive Vice
Chairman of the Board of Matrix (since January 2007); Chairman
of Matrix (April 2001January 2007) and Chief
Executive Officer of Matrix (April 2003November 2005).
Daniel C. Rizzo, Jr. Senior Vice President
(since October 2007); Vice President and Corporate Controller
(since June 2006); Vice President and General Controller of
Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc. (20052006); Vice President
and Corporate Controller at Gardner Denver Inc. (19982005).
Stuart A. Williams. Chief Legal Officer (since
March 2002) and Secretary (since April 2006); member of DKW
Law Group, PC (19992002).
Directors
In addition to Mr. Coury and Mr. Prasad, our directors
are as follows:
Milan Puskar. Chairman of the Board of Mylan
(since 1993); Chief Executive Officer of Mylan (19932002);
President of Mylan (19762000); Vice Chairman of Mylan
(19801993); Vice President and General Manager of the
Cincinnati division of ICN Pharmaceuticals Inc., a specialty
pharmaceutical company now known as Valeant Pharmaceuticals
International (19721975); various positions with Mylan
Pharmaceuticals Inc., now a wholly-owned subsidiary of the
Company, including Secretary-Treasurer and Executive Vice
President (19611972); Director of Centra Bank, Inc. and
Centra Financial Holdings, Inc.
Wendy Cameron. Director and Co-Owner of Cam
Land LLC, a harness racing business in Washington, Pennsylvania
(since January 2003); Vice President, Divisional
Sales & Governmental Affairs, Cameron Coca-Cola
Bottling Company, Inc. (19811998).
Neil Dimick. Retired; Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer of Amerisource Bergen Corporation, a
wholesale distributor of pharmaceuticals (20012002);
Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of
Bergen Brunswig Corporation, a wholesale drug distributor
(19922001); Director of HLTH Corporation (formerly Emdeon
Corporation), WebMD Health Corp., Alliance Imaging, Inc.,
Thoratec Corporation and Resources Connection, Inc.
Douglas J. Leech. Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer of Centra Bank, Inc. and Centra
Financial Holdings, Inc. (since 1999); former Chief Executive
Officer and President of Huntington Banks, West Virginia.
S-77
Joseph C. Maroon, MD. Professor, Heindl
Scholar in Neuroscience and Vice Chairman of the Department of
Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
(UPMC) and other positions at UPMC (since 1998).
Rodney L. Piatt. President and owner of
Horizon Properties, a real estate and development company
(1996-present); Chief Executive Officer of Lincoln
Manufacturing, Inc. (2003present); President of Corporate
Drive Associates Inc. (20002003); Vice Chairman and
Director of CB Financial (19872005).
C.B. Todd. Retired; President and Chief
Operating Officer of Mylan (20012002); positions with
Mylan in various capacities from 1970 until his initial
retirement in 1999, including Senior Vice President
(19871999), President, Mylan Pharmaceuticals
(19911999), Senior Vice President, Mylan Pharmaceuticals
(19871991) and Vice President-Quality Control, Mylan
Pharmaceuticals (19781987).
Randall L. Vanderveen, Ph.D. Dean, John
Stauffer Decanal Chair, School of Pharmacy, University of
Southern California (since September 2005); Dean of the School
of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science and
Professor of Pharmacy at Duquesne University, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania (19982005); Assistant Dean and Associate
Professor at Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon
(19881998).
S-78
DESCRIPTION
OF MANDATORY CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
The following is a summary of certain provisions of the
certificate of designation for
our % mandatory convertible
preferred stock (which we will refer to for purposes of this
section as the Convertible Preferred Stock). A copy
of the certificate of designation and the form of Convertible
Preferred Stock share certificate are available upon request
from us at the address set forth under Where You Can Find
More Information. The following summary of the terms of
Convertible Preferred Stock does not purport to be complete and
is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to,
the provisions of the certificate of designation. As used in
this section, the terms the Company, us,
we or our refer to Mylan Inc. and not
any of its subsidiaries.
General
Under our amended and restated articles of incorporation, our
board of directors is authorized, without further shareholder
action, to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock,
par value $0.50 per share, in one or more series, with such
voting powers or without voting powers, and with such
designations, and relative preferences, participating, optional
or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or
restrictions, as shall be set forth in the resolutions providing
therefor. We have 4,700,000 shares of authorized preferred
stock which are undesignated. We have 300,000 shares of
preferred stock which are designated as Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock, none of which are currently
outstanding. At the consummation of this offering, we will issue
1,400,000 shares of Convertible Preferred Stock. In
addition, we have granted the underwriters an option to purchase
up to 210,000 additional shares in accordance with the
procedures set forth in Underwriting. Please read
Description of Capital Stock in the accompanying
prospectus.
When issued, the Convertible Preferred Stock and any common
stock issued upon the conversion of the Convertible Preferred
Stock will be fully paid and nonassessable. The holders of the
Convertible Preferred Stock will have no preemptive or
preferential right to purchase or subscribe to stock,
obligations, warrants or other securities of the Company of any
class. The transfer agent, registrar, redemption, conversion and
dividend disbursing agent for shares of both the Convertible
Preferred Stock and common stock is American Stock Transfer and
Trust Company.
Ranking
The Convertible Preferred Stock, with respect to dividend rights
or rights upon our liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution, ranks:
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senior to our common stock, our Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock, if any, and to each other class
of capital stock or series of preferred stock established after
the original issue date of the Convertible Preferred Stock
(which we will refer to as the Issue Date), the
terms of which do not expressly provide that such class or
series ranks senior to or on a parity with the Convertible
Preferred Stock as to dividend rights or rights upon our
liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution (which we will refer to collectively as
Junior Stock);
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on parity with any class of capital stock or series of preferred
stock established after the Issue Date, the terms of which
expressly provide that such class or series will rank on a
parity with the Convertible Preferred Stock as to dividend
rights or rights upon our liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution (which we will refer to collectively as
Parity Stock); and
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junior to each class of capital stock or series of preferred
stock established after the Issue Date, the terms of which
expressly provide that such class or series will rank senior to
the Convertible Preferred Stock as to dividend rights or rights
upon our liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution (which we will refer to collectively as
Senior Stock).
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Dividends
Holders of shares of Convertible Preferred Stock will be
entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by our board of
directors out of funds legally available for payment, cumulative
dividends at the rate per
S-79
annum of % per share on the
liquidation preference thereof of $1,000.00 per share of
Convertible Preferred Stock (equivalent to
$
per annum per share), payable in cash, by delivery of shares of
our common stock or through any combination of cash and our
common stock. See Method of Payment of
Dividends below. Dividends on the Convertible Preferred
Stock will be payable quarterly on February 15,
May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year up to and
including the mandatory conversion date (as defined below),
commencing February 15, 2008 (each, a Dividend
Payment Date) at such annual rate, and shall accumulate
from the most recent date as to which dividends shall have been
paid or, if no dividends have been paid, from the Issue Date of
the Convertible Preferred Stock, whether or not in any dividend
period or periods there have been funds legally available for
the payment of such dividends. For purposes hereof, a
dividend period shall refer to a date commencing on
and including a Dividend Payment Date (or if no Dividend Payment
Date has occurred, commencing on and including the Issue Date),
and ending on and including the day immediately preceding the
next succeeding Dividend Payment Date. Dividends will be payable
to holders of record as they appear on our stock register on the
first calendar day of the month in which a Dividend Payment
occurs but only to the extent a dividend has been declared to be
payable on such Dividend Payment Date (each, a Record
Date). Any declaration by us of a dividend payable on any
Dividend Payment Date shall be made prior to the first day of
the calendar month in which such Dividend Payment Date shall
occur. Accumulations of dividends on shares of Convertible
Preferred Stock do not bear interest. Dividends payable on the
Convertible Preferred Stock for any period other than a full
dividend period (based upon the number of days elapsed during
the period) are computed on the basis of a
360-day year
consisting of twelve
30-day
months. The initial dividend on the Convertible Preferred Stock
for the first dividend period, assuming the issue date
is ,
2007, is expected to be
$ per
share (based on the annual dividend rate
of % and a liquidation preference
of $1,000.00 per share) and will be payable, if declared, on
February 15, 2008. Each subsequent quarterly dividend on
the Convertible Preferred Stock, when and if declared, will be
$
per share (based on the annual dividend rate
of % and a liquidation preference
of $1,000.00 per share), subject to adjustments for stock
splits, contributions, reclassifications or other similar events
involving our Convertible Preferred Stock as described below.
No dividend will be declared or paid upon, or any sum set apart
for the payment of dividends upon, any outstanding share of the
Convertible Preferred Stock with respect to any dividend period
unless all dividends for all preceding dividend periods have
been declared and paid or declared and a sufficient sum or
number of shares of common stock have been set apart for the
payment of such dividend, upon all outstanding shares of
Convertible Preferred Stock.
Our ability to declare and pay cash dividends and make other
distributions with respect to our capital stock, including the
Convertible Preferred Stock, is limited by the terms of our
outstanding indebtedness. In addition, our ability to declare
and pay dividends may be limited by applicable Pennsylvania law.
See Risk FactorsRisks Related to our Mandatory
Convertible Preferred StockWe may not be able to pay cash
dividends on the mandatory convertible preferred stock.
Method of
Payment of Dividends
All dividends (or any portion of any dividend) on the
Convertible Preferred Stock (whether or not for a current
dividend period or any prior dividend period, and including in
connection with the payment of accrued, cumulated and unpaid
dividends pursuant to the provisions described under
Mandatory Conversion, Conversion
at the Option of the Holder and Conversion
Upon Cash Acquisition; Cash Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole
Amount), may, in our sole discretion, be paid:
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in cash;
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by delivery of shares of our common stock; or
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through any combination of cash and our common stock.
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If we elect to make any such payment, or any portion thereof, in
shares of our common stock, such shares shall be valued for such
purpose, in the case of any dividend payment, or portion
thereof, at 97% of the
S-80
average daily closing price (as defined below) per share of our
common stock on each of the five trading days of the dividend
reference period. The dividend reference period
shall be:
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in the case of any payment of a dividend other than in
connection with a conversion, the five consecutive trading days
beginning on and including the seventh scheduled trading day
immediately preceding the Dividend Payment Date for such
dividend;
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in the case of a payment of dividends upon a conversion on the
mandatory conversion date, the five consecutive trading days
ending on the second trading day immediately preceding the
mandatory conversion date;
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in the case of a payment of dividends upon a conversion pursuant
to the provisions described under Conversion at the
Option of the Holder, the five consecutive trading days
commencing on the third trading day immediately following the
date on which we receive a notice of conversion from the
holder; and
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in the case of a payment of dividends upon a conversion pursuant
to the provisions described under Conversion Upon
Cash Acquisition; Cash Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole
Amount, the five consecutive trading days ending on the
trading day immediately preceding the effective date of the cash
acquisition.
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If we make an election to pay any portion of such dividends in
shares of our common stock,
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in the case of any payment of a dividend other than in
connection with a conversion, we will give the holders of
Convertible Preferred Stock notice of any such election and the
portion of such payment that will be made in common stock at
least 10 trading days prior to the Dividend Payment Date
for such dividend;
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in the case of a payment of dividends upon a conversion on the
mandatory conversion date, we will give the holders of the
Convertible Preferred Stock notice of any such election and the
portion of such payment that will be made in common stock 10
trading days prior to the mandatory conversion date, and we will
deliver shares of our common stock and cash, if applicable, in
respect of such payment on the mandatory conversion date;
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in the case of a payment of dividends upon a conversion pursuant
to the provisions described under Conversion at the
Option of the Holder we will give each converting holder
of the Convertible Preferred Stock notice of any such election
and the portion of such payment that will be made in common
stock no later than 2 trading days after we receive notice
of conversion from such holder, and we will deliver shares of
our common stock and cash, if applicable, in respect of such
payment no later than the 8th trading day after the
applicable early conversion date, subject to the provisions for
accrued dividends described under Conversion at the
Option of the Holder;
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in the case of a payment of dividends upon a conversion pursuant
to the provisions described under Conversion Upon
Cash Acquisition; Cash Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole
Amount, we will notify holders of any such election and
the portion of such payment that will be made in common stock at
least 20 days prior to the anticipated effective date of
the cash acquisition, as described more fully under
Conversion Upon Cash Acquisition; Cash Acquisition
Dividend Make-Whole Amount, and we will deliver shares of
our common stock and cash, if applicable, in respect of such
payment on the applicable conversion date; and
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if you are a non-U.S. holder (as defined in Certain
United States Federal Income Tax Considerations),
dividends generally will be subject to U.S. federal income
tax at a 30% or reduced treaty rate, as described more fully
under Certain United States Federal Income Tax
Considerations Tax Consequences to
Non-U.S. Holders
Actual and constructive distributions. We will withhold
such U.S. federal income tax from amounts otherwise payable
to you which, in the case of dividends paid in shares of common
stock, we may do by
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S-81
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withholding a portion of such shares for our transfer agent to
sell on our behalf and by using the proceeds from those sales to
pay such withholding tax.
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If we do not provide notice of our election to pay any dividend,
or a portion thereof, in common stock as described above, we
will pay such dividend entirely in cash.
For purposes of this Description of Mandatory Convertible
Preferred Stock, the following terms have the meanings set forth
below:
The closing price of our common stock (or any other
securities, cash or other property into which the Convertible
Preferred Stock becomes convertible in connection with any
reorganization event) on any trading day means the reported last
sale price per share (or, if no last sale price is reported, the
average of the bid and ask prices per share or, if more than one
in either case, the average of the average bid and the average
ask prices per share) on such date reported by the New York
Stock Exchange, or, if our common stock (or such other property)
is not listed on the New York Stock Exchange, as reported by the
principal national securities exchange on which our common stock
(or such other property) is listed, or otherwise as provided in
the certificate of designations for the Convertible Preferred
Stock.
A trading day is any day on which (i) there is
no market disruption event (as defined below) and (ii) the
New York Stock Exchange is open for trading, or, if our common
stock (or any other securities, cash or other property into
which the Convertible Preferred Stock becomes convertible in
connection with any reorganization event) is not listed on the
New York Stock Exchange any day on which the principal national
securities exchange on which our common stock (or such other
property) is listed is open for trading, or, if the common stock
(or such other property) is not listed on a national securities
exchange, any business day. A trading day only
includes those days that have a scheduled closing time of
4:00 p.m. (New York City time) or the then standard closing
time for regular trading on the relevant exchange or trading
system.
A market disruption event means the occurrence or
existence for more than one half hour period in the aggregate on
any scheduled trading day for our common stock (or any other
securities, cash or other property into which the Convertible
Preferred Stock becomes convertible in connection with any
reorganization event) of any suspension or limitation imposed on
trading (by reason of movements in price exceeding limits
permitted by the New York Stock Exchange or otherwise) in our
common stock (or such other property) or in any options,
contracts or future contracts relating to our common stock (or
such other property), and such suspension or limitation occurs
or exists at any time before 1:00 p.m. (New York City time)
on such day.
No fractional shares of common stock will be delivered to the
holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock, but we will instead,
at our option either (i) pay a cash adjustment to each
holder that would otherwise be entitled to a fraction of a share
of common stock or (ii) round up the number of shares of
common stock to be issued to such holder to the next whole
share. To the extent a shelf registration statement is required
in connection with the issuance of or for resales of common
stock issued as payment of a dividend, we will, to the extent
such a registration statement is not currently filed and
effective, use our reasonable best efforts to file and maintain
the effectiveness of such a shelf registration statement until
the earlier of such time as all such shares of common stock have
been resold thereunder and such time as all such shares are
freely tradeable without registration.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event will the number of
shares of our common stock delivered in connection with any
dividend payment exceed an amount equal to the total dividend
payment divided by
$
(representing approximately % of
the initial price, as defined below), subject to adjustment in
the same manner as each fixed conversion rate as set forth under
Anti-dilution Adjustments. We refer to this
provision as the dividend cap. To the extent we
deliver the maximum number of whole shares of common stock equal
to the dividend cap on the Convertible Preferred Stock with
respect to which we have notified the holder that such dividends
would be paid in shares of our common stock in accordance with
the provisions set forth above, we will be deemed to have paid
in full such amount of accrued, cumulated and unpaid dividends
on such Convertible Preferred Stock. However, in our sole
discretion, we may elect to pay any such deficiency resulting
from the dividend cap in cash.
S-82
Unless all accrued, cumulated and unpaid dividends on the
Convertible Preferred Stock for all past quarterly dividend
periods shall have been paid in full (or are deemed to have been
paid in full), we will not:
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declare or pay any dividend or make any distribution of assets
on any Junior Stock, other than dividends or distributions in
the form of Junior Stock and cash solely in lieu of fractional
shares in connection with any such dividend or distribution;
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redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any shares of Junior Stock
or pay or make any monies available for a sinking fund for such
shares of Junior Stock, other than (A) upon conversion or
exchange for other Junior Stock or (B) the purchase of
fractional interests in shares of any Junior Stock pursuant to
the conversion or exchange provisions of such shares of Junior
Stock;
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declare or pay any dividend or make any distribution of assets
on any shares of Parity Stock, other than dividends or
distributions in the form of Parity Stock or Junior Stock and
cash solely in lieu of fractional shares in connection with any
such dividend or distribution; or
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redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any shares of Parity
Stock, except upon conversion into or exchange for other Parity
Stock or Junior Stock and cash solely in lieu of fractional
shares in connection with any such conversion or exchange.
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When dividends are not paid in full upon the shares of
Convertible Preferred Stock, as discussed above, all dividends
declared on the Convertible Preferred Stock and any other Parity
Stock shall be paid either (a) pro rata so that the amount
of dividends so declared on the shares of Convertible Preferred
Stock and each such other class or series of Parity Stock shall
in all cases bear to each other the same ratio as accumulated
dividends on the shares of Convertible Preferred Stock and such
class or series of Parity Stock bear to each other or
(b) on another basis that is at least as favorable to each
holder of the Convertible Preferred Stock entitled to receive
such dividends.
Redemption
The Convertible Preferred Stock will not be redeemable.
Liquidation
Preference
In the event of our voluntary or involuntary liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution, each holder of Convertible Preferred Stock will
be entitled to receive and to be paid out of our assets
available for distribution to our shareholders, before any
payment or distribution is made to holders of Junior Stock
(including our common stock), a liquidation preference in the
amount of $1,000.00 per share of the Convertible Preferred
Stock, plus accrued, cumulated and unpaid dividends on the
shares to the date fixed for liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution. If, upon our voluntary or involuntary
liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution, the amounts payable with respect to the
liquidation preference of the Convertible Preferred Stock and
all Parity Stock are not paid in full, the holders of the
Convertible Preferred Stock and the Parity Stock will share
equally and ratably in any distribution of our assets in
proportion to the full liquidation preference and accrued,
cumulated and unpaid dividends to which they are entitled. After
payment of the full amount of the liquidation preference and
accrued, cumulated and unpaid dividends to which they are
entitled, the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock will
have no right or claim to any of our remaining assets. Neither
the sale of all or substantially all our assets or business
(other than in connection with our liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution), nor our merger or consolidation into or with
any other person, will be deemed to be our voluntary or
involuntary liquidation,
winding-up
or dissolution.
The certificate of designation will not contain any provision
requiring funds to be set aside to protect the liquidation
preference of the Convertible Preferred Stock even though it is
substantially in excess of the par value thereof.
S-83
Voting
Rights
The holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock will have no
voting rights except as set forth below or as otherwise required
by Pennsylvania law from time to time.
If dividends on the Convertible Preferred Stock are in arrears
and unpaid for six or more quarterly periods (whether or not
consecutive), the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock,
voting as a single class with any Parity Stock having similar
voting rights that are exercisable, will be entitled at our next
regular or special meeting of shareholders to elect two
additional directors to our board of directors. Upon the
election of any additional directors, the number of directors
that comprise our board shall be increased by such number of
additional directors. Such voting rights and the terms of the
directors so elected will continue until such time as the
dividend arrearage on the Convertible Preferred Stock has been
paid in full. At any time after voting power to elect directors
shall have become vested and be continuing in the holders of the
Convertible Preferred Stock, or if a vacancy shall exist in the
office of any such additional director, our board of directors
may, and upon written request of the holders of record of at
least 25% of the outstanding Convertible Preferred Stock
addressed to the chairman of our board shall, call a special
meeting of the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock
(voting separately as a class with all other series of Parity
Stock upon which like voting rights have been conferred and are
exercisable) for the purpose of electing the directors that such
holders are entitled to elect. At any meeting held for the
purpose of electing such a director, the presence in person or
by proxy of the holders of at least a majority of the
Convertible Preferred Stock shall be required to constitute a
quorum of such Convertible Preferred Stock.
In addition, the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of
at least
662/3%
of the outstanding shares of Convertible Preferred Stock and all
other Parity Stock having similar voting rights that are
exercisable, voting as a single class, in person or by proxy, at
an annual meeting of our stockholders or at a special meeting
called for such purpose, or by written consent in lieu of such
meeting, will be required to alter, repeal or amend, whether by
merger, consolidation, combination, reclassification or
otherwise, any provisions of our amended and restated articles
of incorporation or the certificate of designation if the
amendment would amend, alter or affect the powers, preferences
or rights of the Convertible Preferred Stock so as to adversely
affect the holders thereof, including, without limitation, the
creation of, increase in the authorized number of, or issuance
of, shares of any class or series of Senior Stock. The
certificate of designation will provide that the authorization
of, the increase in the authorized amount of, or the issuance of
any shares of any class or series of Parity Stock or Junior
Stock will not require the consent of the holders of the
Convertible Preferred Stock, and will not be deemed to adversely
affect the powers, preferences or rights of the holders of the
Convertible Preferred Stock.
The number of votes that each share of Convertible Preferred
Stock and any Parity Stock participating in the votes described
above shall have shall be in proportion to the liquidation
preference of each such share.
Mandatory
Conversion
Each share of the Convertible Preferred Stock, unless previously
converted, will automatically convert on November 15, 2010
(the mandatory conversion date), into a number of
shares of common stock equal to the conversion rate described
below. In addition to the common stock issuable upon conversion
of each share of Convertible Preferred Stock on the mandatory
conversion date, holders will have the right to receive an
amount equal to all accrued, cumulated and unpaid dividends on
the Convertible Preferred Stock (in cash, common stock or a
combination thereof as provided above under Method
of Payment of Dividends), whether or not declared prior to
that date, for the then-current dividend period ending on the
mandatory conversion date and all prior dividend periods (other
than previously declared dividends on the Convertible Preferred
Stock payable to holders of record as of a prior date),
provided that we are legally permitted to pay such
dividends at such time.
The conversion rate, which is the number of shares of common
stock issuable upon conversion of each share of Convertible
Preferred Stock on the applicable conversion date (excluding
shares of common
S-84
stock, if any, issued in respect of accrued and unpaid
dividends), will, subject to adjustment as described under
Anti-dilution Adjustments below, be as follows:
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if the applicable market value (as defined below) of our common
stock is equal to or greater than
$ ,
which we call the threshold appreciation price, then
the conversion rate will
be shares
of common stock per share of Convertible Preferred Stock (the
minimum conversion rate), which is equal to
$1,000.00 divided by the threshold appreciation price;
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if the applicable market value of our common stock is less than
the threshold appreciation price but greater than
$ ,
which we call the initial price, then the conversion
rate will be equal to $1,000.00 divided by the applicable market
value of our common stock; or
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if the applicable market value of our common stock is less than
or equal to the initial price, then the conversion rate will
be shares
of common stock per share of Convertible Preferred Stock (the
maximum conversion rate), which is equal to
$1,000.00 divided by the initial price.
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We refer to the minimum conversion rate and the maximum
conversion rate collectively as the fixed conversion
rates. The fixed conversion rates, the initial price and
the threshold appreciation price are each subject to adjustment
as described under Anti-dilution Adjustments
below.
Accordingly, assuming that the market price of our common stock
on the mandatory conversion date is the same as the applicable
market value, the aggregate market value of the shares of common
stock you receive upon conversion will be:
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greater than the liquidation preference of the Convertible
Preferred Stock, if the applicable market value is greater than
the threshold appreciation price,
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equal to the liquidation preference, if the applicable market
value is less than or equal to the threshold appreciation price
and greater than or equal to the initial price, and
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less than the liquidation preference, if the applicable market
value is less than the initial price.
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Applicable market value means the average of the
daily closing price per share of our common stock (or any other
securities, cash or other property into which the Convertible
Preferred Stock becomes convertible in connection with any
reorganization event) on each of the 20 consecutive trading days
ending on the third trading day immediately preceding the
mandatory conversion date.
The initial price is
$ .
The threshold appreciation price represents an
approximately % appreciation over
the initial price.
Conversion
Conversion into shares of common stock will occur on the
mandatory conversion date, unless you have converted your shares
of Convertible Preferred Stock prior to the mandatory conversion
date in the manner described in Conversion at the
Option of the Holder or Conversion Upon Cash
Acquisition; Cash Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole Amount.
On the mandatory conversion date, if shares of Convertible
Preferred Stock are held in certificated form and you have
complied with some additional procedures set forth in the
certificate of designation, certificates representing shares of
our common stock will be issued and delivered to you or your
designee upon presentation and surrender of the certificate
evidencing the Convertible Preferred Stock.
The person or persons entitled to receive the shares of common
stock issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Preferred
Stock will be treated as the record holder(s) of such shares as
of the close of business on the applicable conversion date.
Prior to the close of business on the applicable conversion
date, the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the
Convertible Preferred Stock will not be deemed to be outstanding
for any purpose and you will have no rights with respect to such
shares of common stock,
S-85
including voting rights, rights to respond to tender offers and
rights to receive any dividends or other distributions on the
common stock, by virtue of holding the Convertible Preferred
Stock.
Conversion
at the Option of the Holder
Other than during the cash acquisition conversion period (as
defined below), holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock have
the right to convert the Convertible Preferred Stock, in whole
or in part, at any time prior to the mandatory conversion date,
into shares of our common stock at the minimum conversion rate
of shares
of common stock per share of Convertible Preferred Stock,
subject to adjustment as described under
Anti-dilution Adjustments below.
In addition to the number of shares of common stock issuable
upon conversion of each share of Convertible Preferred Stock at
the option of the holder on any early conversion date, we will
pay (in cash, common stock or a combination thereof as provided
above under Method of Payment of Dividends) an
amount equal to all accrued, cumulated and unpaid dividends on
such converted share(s) of Convertible Preferred Stock, whether
or not declared prior to that date, for the portion of the
then-current dividend period until the early conversion date and
all prior dividend periods ending on or prior to the Dividend
Payment Date immediately preceding the early conversion date;
provided that we are then legally permitted to pay such
dividends.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a conversion that
occurs during the period from 5:00 p.m., New York City
time, on a Record Date for any dividend to 9:00 a.m., New
York City time, on the following Dividend Payment Date:
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the holder of record of the converted share(s) of Convertible
Preferred Stock on such Record Date will receive such dividend
on such Dividend Payment Date;
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the holder who delivers such share(s) of Convertible Preferred
Stock for conversion will receive any accrued, cumulated and
unpaid dividends on such share(s), as described in the preceding
paragraph, for all prior dividend periods ending on or prior to
the next preceding Dividend Payment Date, but shall not be
entitled to receive any accrued dividends for the portion of the
then-current dividend period until the early conversion
date; and
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share(s) of Convertible Preferred Stock surrendered for
conversion during such period must be accompanied by an amount
in cash equal to (i) the dividend payable on the following
Dividend Payment Date with respect to the share(s) so converted,
minus (ii) the amount of accrued dividends for the
portion of the then-current dividend period until the early
conversion date.
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Except as described above, upon any optional conversion of our
Convertible Preferred Stock, we will make no payment or
allowance for unpaid dividends on our Convertible Preferred
Stock.
Conversion
Upon Cash Acquisition; Cash Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole
Amount
General. If a cash acquisition (as defined
below) occurs, we will provide for the conversion of shares of
the Convertible Preferred Stock and a cash acquisition dividend
make-whole amount (as defined below) by:
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permitting holders to submit their shares of the Convertible
Preferred Stock for conversion at any time during the period
(the cash acquisition conversion period) beginning
on the effective date of such cash acquisition (the
effective date) and ending on the date that is
15 days after the effective date at the conversion rate
(the cash acquisition conversion rate) specified in
the table below; and
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paying converting holders an amount equal to the sum of
(a) any accrued, cumulated and unpaid dividends on their
shares of the Convertible Preferred Stock plus (b) the
present value of all remaining dividend payments on their shares
of Convertible Preferred Stock through and including the
mandatory conversion date, calculated as set forth below under
Cash
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S-86
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Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole Payment (subject to
our ability to satisfy the make-whole amount by increasing the
number of shares to be issued on conversion).
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We will notify holders, at least 20 days prior to the
anticipated effective date of such cash acquisition, of the
anticipated effective date of such transaction. In addition, if
we elect to deliver some or all of the amount of accrued,
cumulated and unpaid dividends and the present value of all
remaining dividend payments on your Convertible Preferred Stock
through and including the mandatory conversion date, in shares
of our common stock (as described below), such notice will
indicate whether such amount will be payable in full in shares
of our common stock or any combination of cash and shares of our
common stock, and we will specify the combination in the notice.
Cash Acquisition Conversion Rate. The
following table sets forth the cash acquisition conversion rate
per share of Convertible Preferred Stock for each hypothetical
stock price and effective date set forth below:
Stock
Price on Effective Date
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Effective Date
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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,
2007
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,
2008
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,
2009
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,
2010
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A cash acquisition will be deemed to have occurred
at such time after the original issuance of the Convertible
Preferred Stock upon the consummation of any acquisition
(whether by means of a liquidation, share exchange, tender
offer, consolidation, recapitalization, reclassification, merger
of us or any sale, lease or other transfer of the consolidated
assets of ours and our subsidiaries) or a series of related
transactions or events pursuant to which 90% or more of our
common stock is exchanged for, converted into or constitutes
solely the right to receive cash, securities or other property
more than 10% of which consists of cash, securities or other
property that are not, or upon issuance will not be, traded on
the New York Stock Exchange or quoted on the Nasdaq National
Market.
The cash acquisition conversion rate will be determined by
reference to the table above and is based on the effective date
and the price (the stock price) paid per share of
our common stock in such transaction. If the holders of our
common stock receive only cash in the cash acquisition, the
stock price shall be the cash amount paid per share. Otherwise
the stock price shall be the average of the daily closing price
per share of our common stock on each of the 10 consecutive
trading days up to but not including the effective date.
The stock prices set forth in the first row of the table
(i.e., the column headers) will be adjusted as of any
date on which the fixed conversion rates of our Convertible
Preferred Stock are adjusted. The adjusted stock prices will
equal the stock prices applicable immediately prior to such
adjustment multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is
the minimum conversion rate immediately prior to the adjustment
giving rise to the stock price adjustment and the denominator of
which is the minimum conversion rate as so adjusted. Each of the
conversion rates in the table will be subject to adjustment in
the same manner as each fixed conversion rate as set forth under
Anti-dilution Adjustments.
The exact stock price and effective dates may not be set forth
on the table, in which case:
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if the stock price is between two stock price amounts on the
table or the effective date is between two dates on the table,
the cash acquisition conversion rate will be determined by
straight-line interpolation between the cash acquisition
conversion rates set forth for the higher and lower stock price
amounts and the two dates, as applicable, based on a
365-day year;
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if the stock price is in excess of
$ per share (subject to adjustment
as described above), then the cash acquisition conversion rate
will be the minimum conversion rate, subject to adjustment as
set forth under Anti-dilution
Adjustments; and
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S-87
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if the stock price is less $ per
share (subject to adjustment as described above), then the cash
acquisition conversion rate will be the maximum conversion rate,
subject to adjustment.
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Cash Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole
Payment. For any shares of Convertible Preferred
Stock that are converted during the cash acquisition conversion
period, in addition to the shares of common stock issued upon
conversion, we must, in our sole discretion, either (a) pay
you in cash, to the extent we are legally permitted to do so,
the sum of (which we refer to as the cash acquisition
dividend make-whole amount) (1) an amount equal to
any accrued, cumulated and unpaid dividends on your shares of
our Convertible Preferred Stock, whether or not declared
(including the pro rata portion of the accrued dividend for the
then current dividend period) and (2) the present value of
all remaining dividend payments on your shares of Convertible
Preferred Stock through and including the mandatory conversion
date (excluding the pro rata portion of the accrued dividend for
the then current dividend period), in each case, out of legally
available assets, or (b) increase the number of shares of
our common stock to be issued on conversion by an amount equal
to the cash acquisition dividend make-whole amount, divided by
the stock price (as defined above) of shares of our common
stock; provided that, in no event shall we increase the
number of shares of our common stock to be issued in excess of
the amount equal to the cash acquisition dividend make-whole
amount divided by
$ ,
subject to adjustments in the same manner as each fixed
conversion rate as set forth under Anti-dilution
Adjustments. To the extent we deliver the maximum number
of whole shares of common stock required by clause (2)
above, we will be deemed to have paid in full the cash
acquisition dividend make-whole amount. However, in our sole
discretion, we may elect to pay any such deficiency resulting
from such cap in cash. We may make the election to pay cash or
increase the number of shares of our common stock issued upon
conversion, in whole or in part, as set forth in our cash
acquisition notice described above. The present value of the
remaining dividend payments will be computed using a discount
rate equal to %.
Our obligation to deliver shares at the cash acquisition
conversion rate and pay the cash acquisition dividend make-whole
amount could be considered a penalty, in which case the
enforceability thereof would be subject to general principles of
reasonableness of economic remedies.
Fractional
Shares
No fractional shares of our common stock will be issued to
holders of our Convertible Preferred Stock upon conversion. In
lieu of any fractional common share otherwise issuable in
respect of the aggregate number of shares of our Convertible
Preferred Stock of any holder that are converted, at our option,
that holder will be entitled to receive either (i) an
amount of shares rounded up to the next whole number of shares
or (ii) an amount in cash (computed to the nearest cent)
equal to the same fraction of:
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in the case of mandatory conversion or an early conversion in
connection with a cash acquisition, the average of the daily
closing price per share of our common stock on each of the five
consecutive trading days preceding the trading day immediately
preceding the date of conversion; or
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in the case of each early conversion at the option of a holder,
the closing price per share of our common stock determined as of
the second trading day immediately preceding the effective date
of conversion.
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If more than one share of our Convertible Preferred Stock is
surrendered for conversion at one time by or for the same
holder, the number of full common shares issuable upon
conversion thereof shall be computed on the basis of the
aggregate number of shares of our Convertible Preferred Stock so
surrendered.
S-88
Anti-dilution
Adjustments
Each fixed conversion rate shall be adjusted from time to time
as follows:
(i) If we issue common stock as a dividend or distribution
on our common stock to all holders of our common stock, or if we
effect a share split or share combination, each fixed conversion
rate will be adjusted based on the following formula:
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CR1
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=
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CR0 × OS1 / OS0
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where
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CR0
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=
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the fixed conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the
adjustment relating to such event
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CR1
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=
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the new fixed conversion rate in effect taking such event into
account
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OS0
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=
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the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately
prior to such event
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OS1
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=
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the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately
after such event.
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Any adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (i) shall
become effective on the date that is immediately after
(x) the date fixed for the determination of shareholders
entitled to receive such dividend or other distribution or
(y) the date on which such split or combination becomes
effective, as applicable. If any dividend or distribution
described in this paragraph (i) is declared but not so paid
or made, each new fixed conversion rate shall be readjusted to
the fixed conversion rate that would then be in effect if such
dividend or distribution had not been declared.
(ii) If we issue to all holders of our common stock any
rights, warrants, options or other securities entitling them for
a period of not more than 45 days after the date of
issuance thereof to subscribe for or purchase shares of our
common stock, or if we issue to all holders of our common stock
securities convertible into our common stock for a period of not
more than 45 days after the date of issuance thereof, in
either case at an exercise price per share of common stock or a
conversion price per share of common stock less than the closing
price of our common stock on the business day immediately
preceding the time of announcement of such issuance, each fixed
conversion rate will be adjusted based on the following formula:
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CR1
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=
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CR0 × (OS0 + X) / (OS0 + Y)
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where
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CR0
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=
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the fixed conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the
adjustment relating to such event
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CR1
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=
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the new fixed conversion rate taking such event into account
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OS0
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=
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the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately
prior to such event
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X
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=
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the total number of shares of our common stock issuable pursuant
to such rights, warrants, options, other securities or
convertible securities
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Y
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=
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the number of shares of our common stock equal to the quotient
of (A) the aggregate price payable to exercise such rights,
warrants, options, other securities or convertible securities
and (B) the average of the closing prices of our common
stock for the 10 consecutive trading days prior to the
business day immediately preceding the date of announcement for
the issuance of such rights, warrants, options, other securities
or convertible securities.
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For purposes of this paragraph (ii), in determining whether any
rights, warrants, options, other securities or convertible
securities entitle the holders to subscribe for or purchase, or
exercise a conversion right for, our common stock at less than
the applicable closing price of our common stock, and in
determining the aggregate exercise or conversion price payable
for such common stock, there shall be taken into account any
consideration we receive for such rights, warrants, options,
other securities or convertible securities and any amount
payable on exercise or conversion thereof, with the value of
such consideration, if other than cash, to be determined by our
board of directors. If any right, warrant, option, other
security or convertible security described in this paragraph
(ii) is not exercised or converted prior to the expiration
of the exercisability or
S-89
convertibility thereof, the new fixed conversion rate shall be
readjusted to the fixed conversion rate that would then be in
effect if such right, warrant, option, other security or
convertible security had not been so issued.
Any adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (ii) shall become
effective on the date that is immediately after the date fixed
for the determination of holders of our common stock entitled to
receive such rights, warrants, options, other securities or
convertible securities.
(iii) If we distribute capital stock, evidences of
indebtedness or other assets or property of ours to all holders
of our common stock, excluding:
(A) dividends, distributions, rights, warrants, options,
other securities or convertible securities referred to in
paragraph (i) or (ii) above,
(B) dividends or distributions paid exclusively in
cash, and
(C) Spin-Offs described below in this paragraph (iii),
then each fixed conversion rate will be adjusted based on the
following formula:
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CR1
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=
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CR0 × SP0 / (SP0 − FMV)
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where
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CR0
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=
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the fixed conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the
adjustment relating to such event
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CR1
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=
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the new fixed conversion rate taking such event into account
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SP0
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=
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the closing price (as defined below) of our common stock on the
trading day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such
distribution
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FMV
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=
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the fair market value (as determined in good faith by our board
of directors) of the capital stock, evidences of indebtedness,
assets or property distributed with respect to each outstanding
share of our common stock on the earlier of the record date or
the ex-dividend date for such distribution.
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An adjustment to each fixed conversion rate made pursuant to
this paragraph shall be made successively whenever any such
distribution is made and shall become effective on the date
fixed for the determination of holders of our common stock
entitled to receive such distribution for such distribution.
If we distribute to all holders of our common stock capital
stock of any class or series, or similar equity interest, of or
relating to a subsidiary or other business unit of ours (a
Spin-Off), each fixed conversion rate in effect
immediately before the close of business on the date fixed for
determination of holders of our common stock entitled to receive
such distribution will be adjusted based on the following formula
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CR1
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=
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CR0 × (FMV0 + MP0) / MP0
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where
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CR0
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=
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the fixed conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the
adjustment relating to such event
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CR1
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=
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the new fixed conversion rate taking such event into account
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FMV0
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=
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the average of the closing prices of the capital stock or
similar equity interest distributed to holders of our common
stock applicable to one share of our common stock over the first
10 consecutive trading days after the effective date of the
Spin-Off
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MP0
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=
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the average of the closing prices of our common stock over the
first 10 consecutive trading days after the effective date of
the Spin-Off.
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An adjustment to each fixed conversion rate made pursuant to
this paragraph will occur on the 10th trading day from and
including the effective date of the Spin-Off; provided
that in respect of any conversion within the 10 trading days
immediately following and including the date of the Spin-Off,
references with respect to the Spin-Off to 10 trading
days shall be deemed replaced with such lesser number
S-90
of trading days as have elapsed between the effective date of
such Spin-Off and the conversion date in determining the
applicable fixed conversion rate.
If any such dividend or distribution described in this paragraph
(iii) is declared but not paid or made, each new fixed
conversion rate shall be readjusted to be the fixed conversion
rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or
distribution had not been declared.
(iv) If we pay or make any dividend or distribution
consisting exclusively of cash to all holders of our common
stock, each fixed conversion rate will be adjusted based on the
following formula:
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CR1
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=
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CR0 × SP0 / (SP0 − C)
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where
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CR0
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=
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the fixed conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the
adjustment relating to such event
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CR1
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=
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the new fixed conversion rate taking such event into account
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SP0
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=
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the average of the closing prices of our common stock over the
10 consecutive
trading-day
period ending on the date fixed for determination of the holders
of our common stock entitled to receive such dividend or
distribution
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C
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=
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the amount in cash per share that we distribute to holders of
our common stock.
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An adjustment to each fixed conversion rate made pursuant to
this paragraph (iv) shall become effective on the date
fixed for determination of the holders of our common stock
entitled to receive such dividend or distribution. If any
dividend or distribution described in this paragraph
(iv) is declared but not so paid or made, each new fixed
conversion rate shall be readjusted to the fixed conversion rate
that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution
had not been declared.
(v) If we or any of our subsidiaries make a payment in
respect of a tender offer or exchange offer for our common stock
to the extent that the cash and value of any other consideration
included in the payment per share of common stock exceeds the
closing price per share of common stock on the trading day next
succeeding the last date on which tenders or exchanges may be
made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (the
Expiration Time), each fixed conversion rate will be
adjusted based on the following formula:
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CR1
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=
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CR0 × (AC + (SP1 × OS1)) / (SP1 × OS0)
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where
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CR0
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=
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the fixed conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the
adjustment relating to such event
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CR1
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=
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the new fixed conversion rate taking such event into account
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AC
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=
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the aggregate value of all cash and any other consideration (as
determined by our board of directors) paid or payable for our
common stock purchased in such tender or exchange offer
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OS0
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=
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the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately
prior to the date such tender or exchange offer expires
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OS1
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=
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the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately
after such tender or exchange offer expires (after giving effect
to the purchase or exchange of shares pursuant to such tender or
exchange offer)
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SP1
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=
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the average of the closing prices of our common stock for the 10
consecutive trading days commencing on the trading day next
succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires;
provided that in respect of any conversion within the
10 trading days period commencing on the trading day next
succeeding such expiration date, references to
10 consecutive trading days shall be deemed
replaced with such number of trading days as have elapsed
between the expiration of such tender or exchange offer and the
conversion date.
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If the application of the foregoing formula would result in a
decrease in a fixed conversion rate, no adjustment to such fixed
conversion rate will be made. Any adjustment to a fixed
conversion rate made pursuant to this paragraph (v) shall
become effective on the date immediately following the
determination of the average of the closing prices of our common
stock for purposes of SP1 above. If we or one of our
subsidiaries is obligated to purchase our common stock pursuant
to any such tender or exchange offer but is permanently
prevented by applicable law from effecting any such purchase or
all such purchases are rescinded, each new fixed conversion rate
shall be readjusted to be the fixed conversion rate that would
be in effect if such tender or exchange offer had not been made.
If we have in effect a rights plan while any shares of
Convertible Preferred Stock remain outstanding, holders of
Convertible Preferred Stock will receive, upon a conversion of
Convertible Preferred Stock, in addition to common stock, rights
under our shareholder rights agreement unless, prior to such
conversion, the rights have expired, terminated or been redeemed
or unless the rights have separated from our common stock. If
the rights provided for in our rights plan have separated from
our common stock in accordance with the provisions of the
applicable shareholder rights agreement so that holders of
Convertible Preferred Stock would not be entitled to receive any
rights in respect of our common stock, if any, that we are
required to deliver upon conversion of Convertible Preferred
Stock, each fixed conversion rate will be adjusted at the time
of separation as if we had distributed to all holders of our
common stock, capital stock, evidences of indebtedness or other
assets or property pursuant to paragraph (iii) above,
subject to readjustment upon the subsequent expiration,
termination or redemption of the rights.
No adjustment to the conversion rate need be made if holders may
participate in the transaction that would otherwise give rise to
such adjustment, so long as the distributed assets or securities
the holders would receive upon conversion of the Convertible
Preferred Stockif such assets or securities are
convertible, exchangeable, or exercisableare convertible,
exchangeable or exercisable, as applicable, without any loss of
rights or privileges for a period of at least 45 days
following conversion of the Convertible Preferred Stock.
The fixed conversion rates will not be adjusted upon certain
events, including but not limited to:
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the issuance of any of our common stock pursuant to any present
or future plan providing for the reinvestment of dividends or
interest payable on our securities and the investment of
additional optional amounts in our common stock under any plan;
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the issuance of any shares of our common stock or options or
rights to purchase those shares pursuant to any present or
future employee, director or consultant benefit plan, employee
agreement or arrangement or program of ours;
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the issuance of any shares of our common stock pursuant to any
option, warrant, right, or exercisable, exchangeable or
convertible security outstanding as of the Issue Date;
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a change in the par value of our common stock;
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accumulated and unpaid dividends or distributions; and
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as a result of a tender offer solely to holders of fewer than
100 shares of our common stock.
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No adjustment in the conversion price will be required unless
the adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least
1% of the conversion price. If the adjustment is not made
because the adjustment does not change the conversion price by
at least 1%, then the adjustment that is not made will be
carried forward and taken into account in any future adjustment.
All required calculations will be made to the nearest cent or
1/10,000th of a share. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all
adjustments not previously made shall have effect with respect
to any conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, adjustments to a
fixed conversion rate, or failures to make certain adjustments,
that have the effect of increasing the beneficial owners
proportionate interests in our assets or earnings may result in
a taxable deemed distribution to the beneficial owners. See
Certain United States Federal Income Tax
Considerations.
S-92
In the event of:
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any consolidation or merger of us with or into another person
(other than a merger or consolidation in which we are the
continuing corporation and in which the shares of our common
stock outstanding immediately prior to the merger or
consolidation are not exchanged for cash, securities or other
property of us or another person),
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any sale, transfer, lease or conveyance to another person of all
or substantially all of our property and assets, or
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any reclassification of our common stock into securities
including securities other than our common stock,
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each share of Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding
immediately prior to such reorganization event shall, without
the consent of the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock,
become convertible into the kind of securities, cash and other
property that such holder would have been entitled to receive if
such holder had converted its Convertible Preferred Stock into
common stock immediately prior to such reorganization event. For
purposes of the foregoing, the type and amount of consideration
that a holder of Convertible Preferred Stock would have been
entitled to receive as a holder of our common stock in the case
of any reorganization event or other transaction that causes our
common stock to be converted into the right to receive more than
a single type of consideration (determined based in part upon
any form of stockholder election) will be deemed to be the
weighted average of the types and amounts of consideration
received by the holders of our common stock that affirmatively
make such an election. In such event, on the applicable
conversion date, the applicable conversion rate then in effect
will be applied to determine the amount and value of securities,
cash or property a holder of one share of common stock would
have received in such transaction (without interest thereon and
without any right to dividends or distributions thereon which
have a record date prior to the date such shares of Convertible
Preferred Stock are actually converted). The applicable
conversion rate shall be (a) the minimum conversion rate,
in the case of an early conversion date (excluding for the
avoidance of doubt, an early conversion in connection with a
cash acquisition), and (b) determined based upon the
definition of the conversion rate in the case of the mandatory
conversion date, in each case, determined using the applicable
market value of the exchanged property. Holders have the right
to convert their shares of Convertible Preferred Stock early
(and to receive additional shares of common stock) in the event
of certain cash mergers as described above under
Conversion Upon Cash Acquisition; Cash Acquisition
Dividend Make-Whole Amount.
In addition, we may make such increases in each fixed conversion
rate as we deem advisable in order to avoid or diminish any
income tax to holders of our common stock resulting from any
dividend or distribution of our shares (or issuance of rights or
warrants to acquire our shares) or from any event treated as
such for income tax purposes or for any other reason. We may
only make such a discretionary adjustment if we make the same
proportionate adjustment to each fixed conversion rate.
We will be required, as soon as practicable after the conversion
rate is adjusted, to provide or cause to be provided written
notice of the adjustment to the holders of shares of Convertible
Preferred Stock. We will also be required to deliver a statement
setting forth in reasonable detail the method by which the
adjustment to each fixed conversion rate was determined and
setting forth each revised fixed conversion rate.
If an adjustment is made to the fixed conversion rates, an
inversely proportional adjustment also will be made to the
threshold appreciation price and the initial price solely for
the purposes of determining which clauses of the definition of
the conversion rate will apply on the conversion date.
Miscellaneous
We will at all times reserve and keep available out of the
authorized and unissued common stock or shares of common stock
held in treasury by us, solely for issuance upon the conversion
of the Convertible Preferred Stock, that number of shares of
common stock as shall from time to time be issuable upon the
conversion of all the shares of Convertible Preferred Stock then
outstanding.
S-93
Book-Entry,
Delivery and Form
The certificates representing the Convertible Preferred Stock
will be issued in fully registered form. Ownership of beneficial
interests in a Global Security will be limited to persons who
have accounts with the Depository Trust Company
(DTC) (participants) or persons who hold
interests through such participants. Ownership of beneficial
interests in a Global Security will be shown on, and the
transfer of that ownership will be effected only through,
records maintained by DTC or its nominee (with respect to
interests of participants) and the records of participants (with
respect to interests of persons other than participants).
So long as DTC, or its nominee, is the registered owner or
holder of a Global Security, DTC or such nominee, as the case
may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the
Convertible Preferred Stock represented by such Global Security
for all purposes under the certificate of designations and the
securities. No beneficial owner of an interest in a Global
Security will be able to transfer that interest except in
accordance with the applicable procedures of DTC in addition to
those provided for under the certificate of designations.
Payments of dividends on the Global Security will be made to DTC
or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner
thereof. None of the Company, the transfer agent, registrar,
redemption, conversion or dividend disbursing agent will have
any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records
relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests in a Global Security or for maintaining, supervising
or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership
interests.
The Company expects that DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any
payment of dividends in respect of a Global Security, will
credit participants accounts with payments in amounts
proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the
principal amount of such Global Security as shown on the records
of DTC or its nominee, as the case may be. The Company also
expects that payments by participants to owners of beneficial
interests in such Global Security held through such participants
will be governed by standing instructions and customary
practices, as is now the case with securities held for the
accounts of customers registered in the names of nominees for
such customers. Such payments will be the responsibility of such
participants.
Transfers between participants in DTC will be effected in the
ordinary way in accordance with DTC rules and will be settled in
same-day
funds.
The Company understands that DTC is:
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a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the
State of New York;
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a banking organization within the meaning of New
York Banking Law;
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a member of the Federal Reserve System;
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a clearing corporation within the meaning of the
Uniform Commercial Code; and
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a Clearing Agency registered pursuant to the
provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act.
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DTC was created to hold securities for its participants and
facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities
transactions between participants through electronic book-entry
changes in accounts of its participants, thereby eliminating the
need for physical movement of certificates. Participants include:
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securities brokers and dealers;
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banks, trust companies; and
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clearing corporations and certain other organizations.
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Indirect access to the DTC system is available to others such as
banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through
or maintain a custodial relationship with a participant, either
directly or indirectly (indirect participants).
S-94
Although DTC is expected to follow the foregoing procedures in
order to facilitate transfers of interests in a Global Security
among its participants, it is under no obligation to perform or
continue to perform such procedures, and such procedures may be
discontinued at any time. None of the Company, the transfer
agent, registrar, redemption, conversion or dividend disbursing
agent will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC or
its participants or indirect participants of their respective
obligations under the rules and procedures governing their
operations.
If DTC is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as a
depositary for the Global Security and a successor depositary is
not appointed by the Company within 90 days, the Company
will issue certificated shares in exchange for the Global
Securities. Holders of an interest in a Global Security may
receive certificated shares, at the option of the Company, in
accordance with the rules and procedures of DTC in addition to
those provided for under the certificate of designations.
Beneficial interests in Global Securities held by any direct or
indirect participant may also be exchanged for certificated
shares upon request to DTC by such direct participant (for
itself or on behalf of an indirect participant), to the transfer
agent in accordance with their respective customary procedures.
The information in this section concerning DTC and its
book-entry system has been obtained from sources that the
Company believes to be reliable, but the Company takes no
responsibility for the accuracy thereof.
S-95
CERTAIN
UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a discussion of the material U.S. federal
income tax consequences and certain estate tax consequences of
your ownership and disposition of our mandatory convertible
preferred stock and our common stock received in respect
thereof. This discussion only applies to mandatory convertible
preferred stock or common stock that you hold as a capital asset
for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
This discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
as amended (the Code), administrative
pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and
proposed Treasury Regulations, changes to any of which
subsequent to the date of this prospectus supplement may affect
the tax consequences described herein. This discussion does not
address any tax consequences arising under the laws of any
state, local or foreign jurisdiction.
This discussion is general in nature and therefore does not
describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to you
in light of your particular circumstances or if you are a
beneficial owner subject to special treatment under
U.S. income tax laws, such as:
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a financial institution;
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an insurance company;
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a dealer in securities or foreign currencies;
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a person holding the mandatory convertible preferred stock or
common stock as part of a hedge, straddle,
integrated transaction or similar transaction;
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a U.S. holder (as defined below) whose functional currency
is not the U.S. dollar;
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a former citizen or resident of the United States;
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a tax-exempt entity;
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an investor in a pass-through entity; or
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a person paying the alternative minimum tax.
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If an entity that is classified as a partnership for
U.S. federal income tax purposes holds mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock, the
U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner generally
will depend on the status of the partner and upon the activities
of the partnership. If you are a partnership or a partner in a
partnership, you should consult your tax advisors as to the
particular U.S. federal income tax consequences of holding
and disposing of our mandatory convertible preferred stock and
our common stock.
If you are considering investing in shares of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock or our common stock, you should
consult your own tax advisors with respect to your particular
tax consequences of owning and disposing of shares of our
mandatory convertible preferred stock and our common stock,
including the consequences under the laws of any state, local or
foreign jurisdiction.
Tax
Consequences to U.S. Holders
You are a U.S. holder if you are a beneficial
owner of a share of our mandatory convertible preferred stock or
common stock and you are for U.S. federal income tax
purposes:
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a citizen or resident of the United States;
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a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created
or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any
political subdivision thereof; or
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an estate or trust the income of which is subject to
U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source.
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S-96
Actual
distributions
Cash distributions paid on our mandatory convertible preferred
stock or common stock will be treated as a dividend to the
extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and
profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax
principles) and will be includible in income by you and taxable
as ordinary income when received. If a cash distribution exceeds
our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess
will be first treated as a tax-free return of your investment,
up to your tax basis in our mandatory convertible preferred
stock or common stock (determined on a share by share basis).
Any remaining excess will be treated as capital gain.
In certain circumstances, we may make a distribution on our
mandatory convertible preferred stock in the form of common
stock (as described above under Description of Mandatory
Convertible Preferred Stock Mandatory
Conversion, Description of Mandatory Convertible
Preferred Stock Conversion at the Option of the
Holder, and Description of Mandatory Convertible
Preferred Stock Conversion Upon Cash Acquisition;
Cash Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole Amount). Such
distribution will be taxable for U.S. federal income tax
purposes in the same manner as cash distributions described
above. The amount of such distribution will be equal to the fair
market value of our common stock on the date of the
distribution. Your tax basis in the common stock you so receive
will also be equal to the fair market value of such common stock
on the distribution date, and your holding period for such
common stock will begin on the day following the distribution
date.
If you are an individual, you generally will be taxed at a
maximum rate of 15% on distributions treated as dividends for
taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, provided
certain holding period requirements are satisfied.
If you are a corporation, distributions taxable as dividends
received by you will be eligible for the dividends-received
deduction, subject to various limitations (including
restrictions relating to your taxable income, holding period of
our mandatory convertible preferred stock or common stock and
debt financing).
A dividend that exceeds certain thresholds in relation to your
tax basis in our mandatory convertible preferred stock or common
stock could be characterized as an extraordinary
dividend (as defined in Section 1059 of the Code). If
you are a corporation and you receive an extraordinary dividend,
you will generally be required to reduce your stock basis by the
portion of such dividend that is not taxed because of the
dividends-received deduction. If the amount of the reduction
exceeds your tax basis in our mandatory convertible preferred
stock or common stock, the excess is treated as taxable gain. If
you are an individual and you receive an extraordinary dividend,
you will be required to treat any losses on the sale of our
mandatory convertible preferred stock or common stock as
long-term capital losses to the extent of the dividends you
receive that qualify for the 15% tax rate.
You should consult your own tax advisor regarding the
availability of the reduced dividend tax rate or the
dividends-received deduction, and the potential applicability of
the extraordinary dividend rules, in light of your particular
circumstances.
Constructive
distributions
The conversion rate of our mandatory convertible preferred stock
will be adjusted in certain circumstances as described above
under Description of Mandatory Convertible Preferred
Stock Anti-dilution Adjustments. Under the
Code and applicable Treasury Regulations, adjustments that have
the effect of increasing a holders interest in our assets
or earnings and profits may, in some circumstances, result in a
deemed distribution to such holder.
If we were to make a distribution of cash or property to holders
of our common stock (for example, distributions of indebtedness
or assets, but generally not dividends of stock or rights to
subscribe for our common stock) and the conversion rate of your
mandatory convertible preferred stock were increased pursuant to
the anti-dilution provisions, such increase would be deemed to
be a distribution to you. In addition, any other increase in the
conversion rate of your mandatory convertible preferred stock
may, depending on the circumstances, be deemed to be a
distribution to you. However, a reasonable increase in the
conversion rate in
S-97
the event of stock dividends or distributions of rights to
subscribe for our common stock generally will not give rise to a
taxable constructive dividend.
In addition, in certain circumstances, the failure to make an
adjustment of the conversion rate may result in a taxable
distribution to you, if as a result of such failure, the
proportionate interests of the holders of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock, as applicable, in
our assets or earnings and profits is increased.
Any deemed distribution generally will be taxed in the same
manner as an actual distribution. See as described under
U.S. HoldersActual Distributions
above.
Conversion
of mandatory convertible preferred stock into common
stock
The conversion of mandatory convertible preferred stock into
common stock generally will constitute a recapitalization (as
defined in Section 368(a)(1)(E) of the Code) and will
therefore not be a taxable event for you, except that
(1) your receipt of cash or shares of common stock in
respect of accrued and unpaid dividends will be taxable as
described under Actual distributions above,
(2) your receipt of cash in lieu of a fractional share of
common stock will result in capital gain or loss (measured by
the difference between the cash received in lieu of the
fractional share and your tax basis in the fractional share) and
(3) your receipt of cash or shares of our common stock in
respect of future dividends will be taxable as described below.
Your tax basis in the common stock you receive upon a conversion
of mandatory convertible preferred stock (other than common
stock received with respect to accrued and unpaid dividends, but
including any basis allocable to a fractional share) will
generally equal the tax basis of the mandatory convertible
preferred stock that was converted. Your tax basis in a
fractional share will be determined by allocating your tax basis
in the common stock between the common stock you receive upon
conversion and the fractional share, in accordance with their
respective fair market values.
Your holding period for the common stock you receive (other than
common stock you receive with respect to accrued and unpaid
dividends) will include your holding period for the mandatory
convertible preferred stock converted.
In the event you elect to convert your mandatory convertible
preferred stock in the case of certain acquisitions, and in
respect of any such conversion, we may pay you cash or shares of
our common stock (including, in the case of certain
acquisitions, additional common shares attributable to an
increase in the conversion rate) in respect of the net present
value of future dividends (see Description of Mandatory
Convertible Preferred StockConversion Upon Cash
Acquisition; Cash Acquisition Dividend Make-Whole Amount).
The tax treatment as to the payment of such cash or shares of
our common stock is unclear. Although not free from doubt, we
believe that the better view is to treat any such cash or shares
of our common stock as additional consideration received in the
recapitalization. If the treatment is correct, then (i) to
the extent you realize taxable gain in the recapitalization,
such gain should be taxable to the extent of any cash you
received, (ii) under Section 356(a)(2) of the Code,
any such taxable gain should be treated as capital gain except
to the extent that the cash received has the effect of a
dividend (which generally will be the case if the receipt of
such cash in lieu of shares of our common stock did not result
in a meaningful reduction in your equity interest in us), in
which case such cash would be taxable as a dividend,
(iii) your basis in the shares of common stock received
upon conversion (including the shares of our common stock
received in respect of future dividends, but excluding the
shares of our common stock in respect of accrued dividends)
should equal your basis in the mandatory convertible preferred
stock being converted, increased by any gain recognized by you
and reduced by any cash received in respect of any future
dividends and any basis allocable to any fractional shares of
our common stock and (iv) your holding period in any common
stock received upon conversion (including the shares of our
common stock received in respect of future dividends, but
excluding the shares of our common stock in respect of accrued
dividends) should include the holding period of the mandatory
convertible preferred stock being converted. For this purpose,
you realize gain on the conversion equal to the excess, if any,
of the sum of the cash and the fair market value of shares of
our common stock received (including the shares of our common
stock received in respect of future dividends, but excluding the
shares of our common stock in respect of accrued dividends) over
your adjusted tax basis in our
S-98
mandatory convertible preferred stock immediately prior to
conversion. You will not be permitted to recognize any loss you
realize upon your conversion of our mandatory convertible
preferred stock into our common stock.
You should be aware that the tax treatment described above in
respect of the payments made in respect of future dividends is
not entirely certain and may be challenged by the Internal
Revenue Service (IRS) on grounds that the amount
received attributable to future dividends represents a taxable
dividend to the extent we have earnings and profits at the time
of conversion and there has not been a meaningful reduction in
your equity interest in us. Under this characterization, you
would be taxable on cash or shares of our common stock received
on account of future dividends, even if you realized a loss on
your conversion of our mandatory convertible preferred stock
into our common stock.
In the event your mandatory convertible preferred stock is
converted pursuant to certain other transactions (including our
consolidation or merger into another person), the tax treatment
of such a conversion will depend upon the facts underlying the
particular transaction triggering such a conversion. You should
consult your own tax advisors to determine the specific tax
treatment of a conversion under such circumstances.
Sale
or exchange
Upon your sale or exchange of your shares of mandatory
convertible preferred stock (other than a conversion into common
stock) or common stock, you will recognize taxable gain or loss
equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale
or exchange and your adjusted tax basis in the mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock.
Gain or loss you realize on the sale or exchange of mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock will generally be
capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss
if, at the time of sale or exchange, you held the mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock for more than one
year. If you are an individual, long-term capital gains
recognized in tax years beginning prior to January 1, 2011
will be subject to reduced tax rates. The deductibility of
capital losses against ordinary income is subject to limitations.
Information
reporting and backup withholding
Information returns will be filed with the IRS in connection
with payments of dividends and the proceeds from a sale or other
disposition of our mandatory convertible preferred stock or
common stock. You will be subject to U.S. backup
withholding (currently at a rate of 28%) on these payments if
you fail to provide your taxpayer identification number to the
paying agent and to comply with certain certification procedures
or otherwise establish an exemption from backup withholding. The
amount of any backup withholding from a payment to you will be
allowed as a credit against your U.S. federal income tax
liability and may entitle you to a refund of any excess amount
withheld under the backup withholding rules, provided that you
furnish the required information to the IRS.
Tax
Consequences to
Non-U.S.
Holders
You are a
non-U.S. holder
if you are a beneficial owner of a share of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock and you are not a
U.S. holder.
Non-U.S. holder
does not include a holder who is an individual present in the
United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of
disposition of our mandatory convertible preferred stock or
common stock and who is not otherwise a resident of the United
States for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If you are a
such a holder, we urge you to consult your own tax advisors
regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the
sale, exchange or other disposition of our mandatory convertible
preferred stock and common stock.
S-99
Actual
and constructive distributions
Any actual or constructive distribution of cash or common stock
that is treated as a dividend (including any amounts received on
conversion attributable to accrued and unpaid dividends)
generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a
30% rate (collected by withholding) or a reduced rate specified
by an applicable income tax treaty (except in the circumstances
described in the following paragraphs). In order to obtain a
reduced rate of withholding, you will be required to provide us
a properly executed IRS
Form W-8BEN
certifying your entitlement to benefits under an applicable
income tax treaty.
In the case of any dividend, we will withhold the
U.S. federal income tax on such dividend from any cash
dividends, shares of common stock, or sales proceeds otherwise
payable to you. If you are subject to U.S. withholding tax
under such circumstances, you should consult your own tax
advisors as to whether you can obtain a refund for all or a
portion of such withholding tax.
In the event we will be required to pay you the cash acquisition
dividend make-whole amount, a portion of that amount will be
attributable to the present value of future dividends. There is
some uncertainty regarding whether such portion of the cash
acquisition dividend make-whole amount would constitute a
dividend or a capital gain in your hands (see
U.S. HoldersConversion of mandatory
convertible preferred stock into common stock above). As a
result, it is also not free from doubt whether such portion of
the cash acquisition dividend make-whole amount would be subject
to U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate in the hands of a
non-U.S. holder.
Accordingly, absent further guidance from the IRS, we will
withhold the U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% from
such portion of the cash acquisition dividend make-whole amount
paid to you, unless (i) you are engaged in a trade or
business in the United States to which the receipt of such
portion of the cash acquisition dividend make-whole amount is
effectively connected and you provide us a properly executed IRS
Form W-8ECI,
or (ii) an applicable income tax treaty either eliminates
or reduces such tax with respect to such portion of the cash
acquisition dividend make-whole amount and you provide us a
properly executed IRS
Form W-8BEN.
You should consult your own tax advisors as to whether you are
eligible for an exemption from (or reduction of)
U.S. withholding tax and whether you are entitled to claim
a refund from the IRS for U.S. tax withheld on such portion
of the cash acquisition make-whole amount on the ground that
such portion represents a portion of the sale proceeds for your
shares of our mandatory convertible preferred stock.
Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings
and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax
principles) will first constitute a return of capital that is
applied against and reduces your adjusted tax basis in our
mandatory convertible preferred stock or common stock
(determined on a share by share basis), and thereafter will be
treated as gain realized on the sale or other disposition of our
mandatory convertible preferred stock or common stock and will
be treated as described under Gain on Disposition
below.
Conversion
of mandatory convertible preferred stock into common
stock
You will not recognize any gain or loss in respect of the
receipt of our common stock upon the conversion of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock, except the amounts received with
respect to accrued and unpaid dividends and cash or shares of
our common stock received with respect to future dividends will
be treated in the manner described under Actual and
constructive distributions above.
Gain
on disposition
You generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income
tax on gain realized on a sale or other disposition of mandatory
convertible preferred stock (except, on conversion, to the
extent amounts are received with respect to accrued and unpaid
dividends, which will be treated in the manner described under
Actual and constructive distributions above) or
common stock, unless:
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the gain is effectively connected with your trade or business in
the United States, subject to an applicable income tax treaty
providing otherwise, or
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S-100
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we are or have been a U.S. real property holding
corporation, as described below, at any time within the
five-year period preceding the disposition or your holding
period, whichever period is shorter, and our mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock (as applicable) has
ceased to be traded on an established securities market prior to
the beginning of the calendar year in which the sale or
disposition occurs.
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Generally, a corporation is a U.S. real property holding
corporation if the fair market value of its U.S. real
property interests (as defined in the Code and applicable
regulations) equals or exceeds 50% of the aggregate fair market
value of its worldwide real property interests and its other
assets used or held for use in a trade or business. We believe
that we have not been, and will not become, a U.S. real
property holding corporation.
If you are engaged in a trade or business in the United States
and gain recognized by you on a sale or other disposition of
mandatory convertible preferred stock or common stock is
effectively connected with the conduct of such trade or
business, you will generally be taxed in the same manner as a
U.S. holder, subject to an applicable income tax treaty
providing otherwise.
If your gain from dispositions of mandatory convertible
preferred stock or common stock may be effectively connected
with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States, we
urge you to consult your own tax advisors with respect to the
U.S. tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of
our mandatory convertible preferred stock and common stock,
including the possible imposition of a branch profits tax.
Information
reporting and backup withholding
Information returns will be filed with the IRS in connection
with payments of dividends and the proceeds from a sale or other
disposition of mandatory convertible preferred stock or common
stock. You may have to comply with certification procedures to
establish that you are not a United States person in order to
avoid information reporting and backup withholding tax
requirements. The certification procedures required to claim a
reduced rate of withholding under an applicable income tax
treaty will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to
avoid the backup withholding tax as well. The amount of any
backup withholding from a payment to you will be allowed as a
credit against your United States federal income tax liability
and may entitle you to a refund of any excess amount withheld
under the backup withholding rules, provided that you furnish
the required information to the IRS.
Federal
estate tax
If you are an individual who is treated as the owner of, or has
made certain lifetime transfers of, an interest in the mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock, you will be
required to include the value of the stock in your gross estate
for U.S. federal estate tax purposes, and may be subject to
U.S. federal estate tax unless an applicable estate tax
treaty provides otherwise.
S-101
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and
Goldman, Sachs & Co. are acting as representatives of
the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and
conditions described in a purchase agreement among us and the
underwriters, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and
the underwriters severally have agreed to purchase from us, the
number of shares of mandatory convertible preferred stock listed
opposite their names below.
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Number
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Underwriter
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of Shares
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Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated
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Goldman, Sachs & Co.
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Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
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J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
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Cowen and Company, LLC
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Banc of America Securities LLC
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Mitsubishi UFJ Securities International plc
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Total
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1,400,000
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The underwriters have agreed to purchase all of the shares of
mandatory convertible preferred stock sold under the purchase
agreement if any of these shares are purchased. If an
underwriter defaults, the purchase agreement provides that the
purchase commitments of the non-defaulting underwriters may be
increased or the purchase agreement may be terminated. We have
agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain
liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and
to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to
make in respect of those liabilities.
The underwriters are offering the shares of mandatory
convertible preferred stock, subject to prior sale, when, as and
if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal
matters by their counsel, including the validity of the shares
of mandatory convertible preferred stock, and other conditions
contained in the purchase agreement, such as the receipt by the
underwriters of officers certificates and legal opinions.
The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify
offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.
Commissions
and Discounts
The representatives have advised us that the underwriters
propose initially to offer the shares of mandatory convertible
preferred stock to the public at the public offering price on
the cover page of this prospectus supplement and to dealers at
that price less a concession not in excess of $ per
share. The underwriters may allow, and the dealers may reallow,
a discount not in excess of $ per share to other
dealers. After the initial public offering, the public offering
price, concession and discount may be changed.
The following table shows the public offering price,
underwriting discount and proceeds before expenses to us. The
information assumes either no exercise or full exercise by the
underwriters of an option to purchase up to an additional
210,000 shares of mandatory convertible preferred stock
from us in the offering. See Over allotment
Option.
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Per Share
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Without Option
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With Option
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Public offering price
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$
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$
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$
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Underwriting discount
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$
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$
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$
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Proceeds, before expenses, to us
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$
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$
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$
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The expenses of this offering and the concurrent offering, not
including the underwriting discount, are estimated at
approximately $10.0 million and are payable by us.
S-102
Overallotment
Option
We have granted options to the underwriters to purchase up to
210,000 additional shares of mandatory convertible
preferred stock at the public offering price less the
underwriting discount from us. The underwriters may exercise
this option for 30 days from the date of this prospectus
supplement solely to cover any overallotments. If the
underwriters exercise this option, each will be obligated,
subject to conditions contained in the purchase agreement, to
purchase a number of additional shares of mandatory convertible
preferred stock proportionate to that underwriters initial
amount reflected in the above table.
No Sales
of Similar Securities
Other than our concurrent offering of common stock, we, our
directors, our executive officers and regional presidents have
agreed not to sell or transfer any common stock for 90 days
after the date of this prospectus supplement (subject to certain
exceptions including certain issuances of our common stock in
connection with business acquisitions) without first obtaining
the written consent of Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner &
Smith Incorporated. Specifically, we and these other individuals
have agreed not to directly or indirectly offer, sell, contract
to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of any mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock, request or demand
that we file a registration statement related to the mandatory
convertible preferred stock or common stock, or enter into any
swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, the
economic consequence of ownership of any mandatory convertible
preferred stock or common stock whether any such swap or
transaction is to be settled by delivery of shares or other
securities, in cash or otherwise.
This lockup provision applies to mandatory convertible preferred
stock, common stock and to securities convertible into or
exchangeable or exercisable for or repayable with common stock.
New York
Stock Exchange Listing
The mandatory convertible preferred stock is approved for
listing on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
MYLPrA subject to official notice of issuance.
Price
Stabilization, Short Positions
Until the distribution of the shares of mandatory convertible
preferred stock is completed, SEC rules may limit underwriters
and selling group members from bidding for and purchasing our
mandatory convertible preferred stock. However, the
representatives may engage in transactions that stabilize the
price of the mandatory convertible preferred stock, such as bids
or purchases to peg, fix or maintain that price.
If the underwriters create a short position in the mandatory
convertible preferred stock in connection with the offering,
i.e., if they sell more shares of mandatory convertible
preferred stock than are listed on the cover of this prospectus,
the representatives may reduce that short position by purchasing
shares of mandatory convertible preferred stock in the open
market. The representatives may also elect to reduce any short
position by exercising all or part of the over allotment option
described above. Purchases of the mandatory convertible
preferred stock to stabilize its price or to reduce a short
position may cause the price of the mandatory convertible
preferred stock to be higher than it might be in the absence of
such purchases. The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid.
This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the
underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by
it because the representatives have repurchased shares sold by
or for the account of such underwriter in stabilizing or short
covering transactions.
Neither we, other individuals or entities nor any of the
underwriters makes any representation or prediction as to the
direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions
described above may have on the price of our mandatory
convertible preferred stock. In addition, neither we, other
individuals or entities nor any of the underwriters makes any
representation that the representatives or the lead managers
will engage in these transactions or that these transactions,
once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
S-103
Electronic
Offer, Sale and Distribution of Securities
In connection with the offering, the underwriters or securities
dealers may distribute this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus by electronic means, such as
e-mail. In
addition, the underwriters will be facilitating Internet
distribution for this offering to certain of their Internet
subscription customers. The underwriters intend to allocate a
limited number of shares of our mandatory convertible preferred
stock for sale to their online brokerage customers. An
electronic prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus is
available on the Internet web site maintained by Merrill Lynch.
Other than the prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus
in electronic format, the information on Merrill Lynchs
web site is not part of this prospectus supplement or the
accompanying prospectus.
Compliance
with
Non-U.S.
Laws and Regulations
Each underwriter intends to comply with all applicable laws and
regulations in each jurisdiction in which it acquires, offers,
sells or delivers shares of our mandatory convertible preferred
stock or has in its possession or distributes the prospectus.
European
Economic Area
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area
which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a Relevant
Member State), with effect from and including the date on which
the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Relevant Member
State (the Relevant Implementation Date) an offer of mandatory
convertible preferred stock to the public may not be made in
that Relevant Member State prior to the publication of a
prospectus in relation to the common shares which has been
approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member
State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member
State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant
Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive,
except that it may, with effect from and including the Relevant
Implementation Date, make an offer of mandatory convertible
preferred stock to the public in that Relevant Member State at
any time:
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to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate
in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated,
whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;
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to any legal entity which, according to its most recent
individual or consolidated financial statements, meets at least
two or more of the following three criteria (1) an average
of at least 250 employees during the last financial year;
(2) a total balance sheet of more than 43,000,000 and
(3) an annual net turnover of more than 50,000,000;
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to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified
investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive) subject to
obtaining the prior consent of the representatives of the
underwriters for any such offer; or
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in any other circumstances which do not require the publication
by the issuer of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the
Prospectus Directive.
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For the purposes of this provision, the expression an
offer of mandatory convertible preferred stock to the
public in relation to any mandatory convertible preferred
stock in any Relevant Member State means the communication in
any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms
of the offer and the mandatory convertible preferred stock to be
offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or
subscribe for the mandatory convertible preferred stock, as the
same may be varied in that Member State by any measure
implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Member State and
the expression Prospectus Directive means Directive 2003/71/EC
and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant
Member State.
S-104
United
Kingdom
Each underwriter acknowledges and agrees that:
(i) it has only communicated or
caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to
be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in
investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of
the FSMA) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of
the mandatory convertible preferred stock in circumstances in
which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to the
issuer; and
(ii) it has complied and will
comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect
to anything done by it in relation to the common shares in, from
or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.
This document is only being distributed to and is only directed
at (i) persons who are outside the United Kingdom or
(ii) to investment professionals falling with
Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act of
2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, which we refer to as the
Order, or (iii) high net worth entities, and other persons
to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within
Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (all such persons
together being referred to as relevant persons). The mandatory
convertible preferred stock is only available to, and any
invitation, offer or agreement to subscribe, purchase or
otherwise acquire such common shares will be engaged in only
with, relevant persons. Any person who is not a relevant person
should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.
Japan
The underwriters will not offer or sell any of the mandatory
convertible preferred stock directly or indirectly in Japan or
to, or for the benefit of any Japanese person or to others, for
re-offering or re-sale directly or indirectly in Japan or to any
Japanese person, except in each case pursuant to an exemption
from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in
compliance with, the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan and
any other applicable laws and regulations of Japan. For purposes
of this paragraph, Japanese person means any person
resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity
organized under the laws of Japan.
Hong
Kong
The underwriters and each of their affiliates have not
(i) offered or sold, and will not offer or sell, in Hong
Kong, by means of any document, the mandatory convertible
preferred stock other than (a) to professional
investors as defined in the Securities and Futures
Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong and any rules made under
that Ordinance or (b) in other circumstances which do not
result in the document being a prospectus as defined
in the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong or which
do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of
that Ordinance or (ii) issued or had in its possession for
the purposes of issue, and will not issue or have in its
possession for the purposes of issue, whether in Hong Kong or
elsewhere any advertisement, invitation or document relating to
the notes which is directed at, or the contents of which are
likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong
(except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong
Kong) other than with respect to the mandatory convertible
preferred stock which are or are intended to be disposed of only
to persons outside Hong Kong or only to professional
investors as defined in the Securities and Futures
Ordinance and rules made under that Ordinance. The contents of
this document have not been reviewed by any regulatory authority
in Hong Kong. You are advised to exercise caution in relation to
the offer. If you are in any doubt about any of the contents of
this document, you should obtain independent professional advice.
Singapore
This offering circular or any other offering material relating
to the mandatory convertible preferred stock has not been and
will not be registered as a prospectus with the Monetary
Authority of Singapore, and the mandatory convertible preferred
stock will be offered in Singapore pursuant to exemptions under
S-105
Section 274 and Section 275 of the Securities and
Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the Securities
and Futures Act). Accordingly the mandatory convertible
preferred stock may not be offered or sold, or be the subject of
an invitation for subscription or purchase, nor may this
offering circular or any other offering material relating to the
mandatory convertible preferred stock be circulated or
distributed, whether directly or indirectly, to the public or
any member of the public in Singapore other than (a) to an
institutional investor or other person specified in
Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, (b) to
a sophisticated investor, and in accordance with the conditions
specified in Section 275 of the Securities and Futures Act
or (c) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the
conditions of, any other applicable provision of the Securities
and Futures Act.
United
Arab Emirates
The shares of mandatory convertible preferred stock have not
been, and are not being, publicly offered, sold, promoted or
advertised in the United Arab Emirates other than in compliance
with the laws of the United Arab Emirates governing the issue,
offering and sale of securities. Further, this document does not
constitute a public offer of our mandatory convertible preferred
stock in the United Arab Emirates and is not intended to be a
public offer. This document must not be shown to, passed to, or
made available to the public generally in the United Arab
Emirates.
Other
Relationships
Some of the underwriters and their affiliates have engaged in,
and may in the future engage in, investment banking and other
commercial dealings in the ordinary course of business with us.
They have received, and may continue to receive, customary fees
and commissions for these transactions. In addition, affiliates
of all of the underwriters in this offering other than Cowen and
Company, LLC are lenders under our Senior Secured Credit
Agreement and our Senior Unsecured Interim Loan Agreement. One
or more of the underwriters in this offering are also lenders
under the credit facilities of Matrix.
As described above and in Use of Proceeds, we intend
to use the net proceeds of this offering to repay a portion of
the indebtedness outstanding under our Senior Unsecured Interim
Loan Agreement. Because more than 10% of the net proceeds of
this offering, not including underwriting compensation, will be
received by members or affiliates of members of the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, participating in this
offering as repayment of indebtedness this offering is being
conducted in compliance with NASD Conduct Rule 2710(h).
This rule requires that the initial public offering price can be
at a price no higher than that recommended by a qualified
independent underwriter, as defined by the NASD Rules.
Cowen and Company, LLC is assuming the responsibility of acting
as the qualified independent underwriter. In this role, Cowen
and Company, LLC has performed a due diligence investigation and
reviewed and participated in the preparation of this prospectus
supplement. The initial public offering price of the shares of
mandatory convertible preferred stock will be no higher than the
price recommended by Cowen and Company, LLC.
S-106
The validity of our mandatory convertible preferred stock
offered in this offering and certain other legal matters will be
passed upon for us by Kristin A. Kolesar, Associate General
Counsel of Mylan. Ms. Kolesar is a participant in various
employee benefit plans offered by us to our employees generally.
Certain legal matters will also be passed upon for Mylan by
Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, New York, New York.
Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriters
by Cahill Gordon & Reindel
LLP, New York, New York.
The consolidated financial statements, the related consolidated
financial statement schedule and managements report on the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting
incorporated in this prospectus by reference from the Annual
Report of Mylan on
Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007 have been audited
by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered
public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are
incorporated herein by reference, and have been so incorporated
in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their
authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The combined financial statements of Merck Generics as of
December 31, 2006 and 2005, and for each of the years in
the three-year period ended December 31, 2006, have been
incorporated in the Registration Statement of which this
prospectus supplement is a part by reference from our Current
Report of Mylan on Form 8-K filed on November 1, 2007,
in reliance upon the report of KPMG Deutsche
Treuhand-Gesellschaft Akteingesellschaft
Wirtschaftprüfungsgesellschaft, independent auditors, which
is included therein, and upon the authority of said firm as
experts in accounting and auditing. The audit report with
respect thereto includes an explanatory paragraph relating to
the adoption of IFRS 3, Business Combinations,
IAS 36 (rev. 2004), Impairment of Assets,
IAS 38 (rev. 2004), Intangible Assets, and
IAS 21 (rev. 2004), The Effects of Changes in
Foreign Exchange Rates, and an explanatory paragraph
relating to the fact that IFRS vary in certain significant
respects from U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and
refers to note 27 summarizing the nature and effect of such
differences.
The consolidated financial statements of Matrix Laboratories
Limited as of and for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2006
and 2005, incorporated in this prospectus by reference from the
Current Report of Mylan on
Form 8-K
filed on January 10, 2007, as amended on February 20,
2007, have been audited by Deloitte Haskins & Sells,
independent auditors, as stated in their report, which is
incorporated herein by reference, and has been so incorporated
in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their
authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act 1934. Accordingly, we file annual,
quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other
information with the SEC. We also furnish to our stockholders
annual reports, which include financial statements audited by
our independent certified public accountants and other reports
which the law requires us to send to our stockholders. The
public may read and copy any reports, proxy statements or other
information that we file at the SECs public reference room
at 100 F Street N.E., Room 1580, Washington D.C.
20549. The public may obtain information on the public reference
room by calling the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330.
Our SEC filings are also available to the public from commercial
document retrieval services and at the website maintained by the
SEC at
http://www.sec.gov.
You may obtain a copy of any of these documents, at no cost, by
writing or telephoning us at the following address:
Mylan Inc.
1500 Corporate Drive
Canonsburg, Pennsylvania 15317
Attention: Investor Relations
Telephone:
(724) 514-1800
S-107
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference
documents we file with the SEC into this prospectus supplement,
which means that we can disclose important information to you by
referring you to those documents. The information incorporated
by reference is considered part of this prospectus supplement.
Any statement in this prospectus supplement or incorporated by
reference into this prospectus supplement shall be automatically
modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus
supplement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in
a subsequently filed document that is incorporated by reference
in this prospectus supplement modifies or supersedes such prior
statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be
deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a
part of this prospectus supplement.
We incorporate by reference into this prospectus supplement the
documents listed below and excepted as indicated therein all
documents we subsequently file with the SEC pursuant to
Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, prior to
the completion of the offering of all securities covered by this
prospectus supplement:
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our Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended March 31, 2007, filed on May 30,
2007;
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our Quarterly Reports on
Form 10-Q
for the periods ended June 30, 2007 and September 30,
2007, filed on August 7, 2007 and November 1, 2007,
respectively;
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our Current Reports on
Form 8-K
filed on January 10, 2007 (as amended February 20,
2007), May 17, 2007, August 1, 2007 and
October 5, 2007 (as amended November 1, 2007);
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our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on
July 2, 2007; and
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the description of our common stock set forth in our
Registration Statement on
Form 8-A
filed pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act on
April 3, 1986, including any amendment or report filed for
the purpose of updating such description.
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You should rely only on the information contained in, or
incorporated by reference into, this prospectus supplement. We
have not authorized anyone to provide you with different or
additional information. We are not offering to sell or
soliciting any offer to buy any securities in any jurisdiction
where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume
that the information in this prospectus supplement or in any
document incorporated by reference is accurate as of any date
other than the date on the front cover of the applicable
document.
S-108
MYLAN
LABORATORIES INC.
Debt Securities
Preferred Stock
Common Stock
Mylan Laboratories Inc., from time to time, may offer to sell,
issue and sell senior or subordinated debt securities, preferred
stock and common stock. In addition, selling shareholders to be
named in a prospectus supplement may offer, from time to time,
shares of our common stock. The debt securities and preferred
stock may be convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for
our common stock, our preferred stock, our other securities or
the debt or equity securities of one or more other entities. The
debt securities may be guaranteed by one or more of our
subsidiaries. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock
Exchange and trades under the symbol MYL.
We may offer and sell these securities to or through one or more
underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers, on
a continuous or delayed basis.
This prospectus describes some of the general terms that may
apply to these securities. The specific terms of any securities
to be offered will be described in a supplement to this
prospectus.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
Prospectus dated February 20, 2007
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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iii
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In this prospectus, except as otherwise indicated,
Mylan, we, our, and
us refer to Mylan Laboratories Inc. and its
consolidated subsidiaries (including Matrix Laboratories
Limited, effective January 8, 2007). References herein to a
fiscal year mean the fiscal year ended March 31.
i
This prospectus is part of a registration statement on
Form S-3
that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or
the SEC, using a shelf registration process. Under
this shelf process, we may from time to time sell any
combination of the securities described in this prospectus in
one or more offerings, and selling shareholders to be named in a
prospectus supplement may, from time to time, sell common stock
in one or more offerings.
This prospectus provides you with a general description of the
securities that we may offer as well as the shares of common
stock that selling shareholders may offer. Each time we sell
securities or selling shareholders sell shares of common stock,
we will provide a prospectus supplement that contains specific
information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus
supplement may also add information to this prospectus or update
or change information in this prospectus. If there is any
inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and any
prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the
prospectus supplement. You should read carefully this prospectus
and any prospectus supplement together with the additional
information described under the headings Where You Can
Find More Information and Incorporation of Certain
Documents by Reference.
WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements
and other information with the SEC. You may inspect without
charge any documents filed by us at the SECs Public
Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C.
20549. You may obtain copies of all or any part of these
materials from the SEC upon the payment of certain fees
prescribed by the SEC. Please call the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330
for further information on the Public Reference Room. The SEC
also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and
information statements and other information regarding issuers
that file electronically with the SEC. Our filings with the SEC
are available to the public through the SECs website at
http://www.sec.gov.
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on
Form S-3
relating to the securities covered by this prospectus. This
prospectus is part of the registration statement and does not
contain all the information in the registration statement. You
will find additional information about us in the registration
statement. Any statement made in this prospectus concerning a
contract or other document of ours is not necessarily complete,
and you should read the documents that are filed as exhibits to
the registration statement or otherwise filed with the SEC for a
more complete understanding of the document or matter. Each such
statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the
document to which it refers. You may inspect without charge a
copy of the registration statement at the SECs Public
Reference Room in Washington D.C., as well as through the
SECs website.
INCORPORATION
OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference
documents we file with the SEC into this prospectus, which means
that we can disclose important information to you by referring
you to those documents. The information incorporated by
reference is considered part of this prospectus. Any statement
in this prospectus or incorporated by reference into this
prospectus shall be automatically modified or superseded for
purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement
contained herein or in a subsequently filed document that is
incorporated by reference in this prospectus modifies or
supersedes such prior statement. Any statement so modified or
superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or
superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.
We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the documents
listed below and all documents we subsequently file with the SEC
pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange
Act, prior to the completion of the offering of all securities
covered by the respective prospectus supplement:
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our Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended March 31, 2006, filed on May 16,
2006;
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our Quarterly Reports on
Form 10-Q
for the periods ended June 30, 2006, September 30,
2006 and December 31, 2006, filed on July 28, 2006,
November 3, 2006 and February 8, 2007, respectively;
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our Current Reports on
Form 8-K
filed on April 7, 2006, July 26, 2006 with respect to
items 1.01, 1.02, 2.03 and 9.01, September 1, 2006,
December 21, 2006, January 10, 2007, as amended on
February 20, 2007, February 1, 2007, with respect to
Item 5.02, and February 20, 2007;
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our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on
June 27, 2006; and
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the description of our common stock set forth in our
Registration Statement on
Form 8-A
filed pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act on
April 3, 1986, including any amendment or report filed for
the purpose of updating such description.
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You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing
or telephoning us at:
Mylan Laboratories Inc.
1500 Corporate Drive
Canonsburg, Pennsylvania 15317
Attention: Investor Relations
Telephone:
(724) 514-1800
You should rely only on the information contained in, or
incorporated by reference into, this prospectus. We have not
authorized anyone to provide you with different or additional
information. We are not offering to sell or soliciting any offer
to buy any securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or
sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the
information in this prospectus or in any document incorporated
by reference is accurate as of any date other than the date on
the front cover of the applicable document.
DISCLOSURE
REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference
herein may include forward-looking statements made pursuant to
the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements may include,
without limitation, statements about our market opportunities,
strategies, competition, and expected activities and
expenditures and at times may be identified by the use of words
such as may, could, should,
would, project, believe,
anticipate, expect, plan,
estimate, forecast,
potential, intend, continue
and variations of these words or comparable words.
Forward-looking statements inherently involve risks and
uncertainties. Accordingly, actual results may differ materially
from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking
statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such
differences include, but are not limited to, the risks described
under Risk Factors in Item 1A of our Annual
Report on
Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2006 and our Quarterly
Reports on
Form 10-Q
for the periods ended June 30, 2006, September 30,
2006 and December 31, 2006. Forward-looking statements
speak only as of the date on which they are made. We expressly
disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking
statement, whether as a result of new information, future events
or otherwise.
iii
We are a leading pharmaceutical company and have developed,
manufactured, marketed, licensed and distributed generic, brand
and branded generic pharmaceutical products for more than
45 years. We are one of the largest manufacturers of
generic pharmaceuticals in the U.S. with more than
240 million prescriptions dispensed during the twelve
months ended September 30, 2006, the third most of any
company, and representing approximately 7% of all prescriptions
dispensed in the U.S. Our product portfolio is one of the
largest among all U.S. generic pharmaceutical companies,
consisting of approximately 160 products. In fiscal year 2006,
our last completed fiscal year, we had total revenues of
$1.26 billion and net income of $185 million. Through
the first nine months of fiscal year 2007, we had total revenues
of $1.12 billion and net income of $289 million. Over
the past 20 years, our net revenues had a compound annual
growth rate of approximately 15%.
We derive, through our subsidiary, Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.,
or MPI, the majority of our generic product revenues primarily
from the sale of solid oral dosage pharmaceuticals in nearly 50
therapeutic categories. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, UDL
Laboratories, Inc., or UDL, packages and markets
pharmaceuticals, in unit dose formats, for use primarily in
hospitals, nursing homes and other institutions. UDL is the
largest unit dose packager in the U.S., having shipped
approximately 700 million doses in fiscal year 2006. Our
generic business is further augmented by our wholly-owned
subsidiary, Mylan Technologies Inc., or MTI, which is focused on
the research, development, manufacture and sale of transdermal
patch technologies and products. MTI has developed and
manufactured more generic transdermal products than any other
company in the U.S.
Mylan is a fully integrated pharmaceutical company with
capabilities in research, development, regulatory and legal
matters, manufacturing, and distribution. In fiscal year 2006,
MPI and MTI manufactured more than 95% of all doses we sold. We
invest in generic research and development and use our
intellectual property expertise to continue to grow our product
pipeline. In order to differentiate our products in the
marketplace and improve profitability, our product development
process targets difficult to develop or manufacture products
that benefit from our skills in the development and
manufacturing of controlled-release and transdermal
pharmaceuticals.
We achieved our position of leadership in the generic industry
through our demonstrated ability to obtain Abbreviated New Drug
Application, or ANDA, approvals, our quality control driven
largely by our manufacturing excellence, and our ability to
consistently deliver large scale commercial volumes to our
customers, who are some of the largest pharmaceutical
distributors and retail pharmacy chains in the U.S.
On January 8, 2007, we acquired approximately 51.5% of the
outstanding shares of Matrix Laboratories Limited, or Matrix, a
public limited company listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and
National Stock Exchange of India. This followed our acquisition
of 20% of Matrixs outstanding shares through a public
offer in India completed on December 21, 2006. We now own
approximately 71.5% of the voting share capital of Matrix, and,
as of January 8, 2007, Matrix is a consolidated subsidiary
of Mylan.
Matrix is engaged in the manufacture of active pharmaceutical
ingredients, or APIs, and solid oral dosage products. Matrix is
the worlds second largest API manufacturer with respect to
the number of drug master files, or DMFs, filed with regulatory
agencies, with more than 165 APIs in the market or under
development. Matrix is one of the fastest growing API
manufacturers in India, with a focus on regulated markets such
as the United States and the European Union. Matrix has a wide
range of products in multiple therapeutic categories and focuses
on developing APIs with non-infringing processes to partner with
generic manufacturers in regulated markets at market formation.
In Europe, Matrix operates through Docpharma, its wholly-owned
subsidiary and a leading distributor and marketer of branded
generic pharmaceutical products in Belgium, the Netherlands and
Luxembourg. Matrix also has investments in companies in China,
South Africa and India.
We were incorporated in Pennsylvania in 1970. Our common stock
is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
MYL. Our principal offices are located at 1500
Corporate Drive, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania 15317 and the
telephone number is
(724) 514-1800.
Our Internet address is www.mylan.com. Information on our
website does not constitute part of this prospectus.
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We intend to use the net proceeds from the sales of the
securities as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus
supplement, we will not receive any proceeds from the sale of
shares of our common stock by any selling shareholder named in
such prospectus supplement.
RATIO OF
EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
The following table sets forth our consolidated ratio of
earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated.
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Nine Months Ended
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Fiscal Year Ended March 31,
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December 31, 2006
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2006
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2005
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2004
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2003
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2002
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13.21
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8.56
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For the purpose of computing the ratio of earnings to fixed
charges, earnings consist of income before provision for income
taxes and before adjustment for losses or earnings from equity
investments plus fixed charges and dividends received from
equity investments. Fixed charges consist of interest charges
(whether expensed or capitalized), amortization of debt expense
and that portion of rental expense we believe to be
representative of interest. Note that prior to our fiscal year
ended March 31, 2006, interest charges and that portion of
rental expense representative of interest were immaterial.
As of the date of this prospectus, we have not issued any shares
of preferred stock.
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DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STOCK
Set forth below is a summary description of all the material
terms of our capital stock. For more information, please see our
amended and restated articles of incorporation, or the articles,
which are incorporated by reference to the registration
statement of which this prospectus forms a part as
Exhibit 3.1.
Authorized
Shares
We have an authorized capital stock of 605,000,000 shares
of consisting of: (1) 600,000,000 shares of common
stock, par value $0.50 per share, and
(2) 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value
$0.50 per share. The authorized shares of preferred stock
are issuable from time to time in one or more series on the
terms set by the resolution or resolutions of our board of
directors providing for the issuance thereof. Each series of
preferred stock would have such number, dividend rate (which
might or might not be cumulative), voting rights, liquidation
preferences, redemption and sinking fund provisions, conversion
or exchange rights or other rights and preferences, if any, as
our board of directors may determine, subject to the
Pennsylvania Business Corporation Law of 1988, as amended, or
BCL.
Voting
Rights
General. All voting power of our shares
belongs exclusively to the holders of our common stock, except
for such voting rights as may be granted to the holders of any
preferred stock to be issued by us under our articles or in the
resolutions of our board of directors establishing any such
series, or as otherwise required by law. The holders of common
stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on
all matters submitted to a shareholder vote and do not have
cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. The
absence of cumulative voting means that a nominee for director
must receive the votes of a plurality of the shares voted in
order to be elected and that the holders of a majority of the
shares voting for the election of directors can elect the entire
board of directors.
Transactions with an Interested Person. The
articles require that certain transactions between us and an
interested person be approved by the affirmative
votes of the holders of 75% of our outstanding common stock. An
interested person is defined by the articles to mean
any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of our outstanding
common stock.
The transactions subject to this special vote requirement
include (1) any merger or consolidation to which we and an
interested person are parties, (2) any sale, lease,
exchange or other disposition of all of substantially all of our
consolidated assets to an interested person, (3) the
adoption of any plan or proposal for our liquidation or
dissolution under which the rights of an interested person
differ from those accorded to other holders of our common stock,
or (4) any transaction of a character described in (1),
(2) or (3) involving an affiliate or
associate of an interested person or an associate of
any such affiliate. For purposes of this provision, (a) an
affiliate of a person is another person that
directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under
common control with such person and (b) an
associate of a person is (i) any corporation or
organization of which such person is an officer, partner or the
beneficial owner of 10% or more of any class of equity
securities, (ii) any trust or estate in which such person
has a 10% or greater beneficial interest or for which such
person serves as trustee or in a similar capacity; or
(iii) any relative or spouse of such person, or relative of
such spouse, who has the same residence as such person.
This special shareholder vote requirement does not apply to any
transaction which is (1) approved by the vote of not less
than a majority of our board of directors prior to the time the
interested person involved in the transaction became an
interested person or (2) approved prior to consummation by
the vote of not less than a majority of our board of directors
disregarding the vote of any director who is the interested
person involved in the transaction, an affiliate, associate or
agent of such interested person or an associate or agent of any
such affiliate.
Shareholder Action Meetings and Special
Meetings. Our Second Amended and Restated Bylaws,
or the bylaws, provide that an annual meeting of shareholders
will be held on the last Friday of July or such other date and
time fixed by the board of directors. Special meetings of
shareholders may be called at any
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time by the chairman of our board of directors or by two-thirds
of the board of directors. Business transacted at such annual
and special meetings must meet certain requirements specified by
our bylaws, which are incorporated by reference to the
registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part as
Exhibit 3.2.
Amendment of Articles and Bylaws. Any
amendment to the articles provisions described under
Transactions with an Interested Person above would
require approval by the affirmative votes of the holders of 75%
of the outstanding shares of common stock. By statute, any
amendment to any other provision of the articles or any
amendment of the bylaws by the shareholders would require
approval by a majority of the votes cast on the proposed
amendment at a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum of a
majority of the voting power of the voting stock was present.
Except as to matters for which a shareholder vote is required by
statute, our board of directors may also amend the bylaws
without shareholder approval by a majority vote of the directors
present and voting at a meeting at which a quorum is present.
Board of
Directors
The number of directors which constitute the full board of
directors may be not be less than three, provided that if all
the shares of the Company shall be owned beneficially and of
record by either one or two shareholders, the number of
directors may be less than three but not less than the number of
shareholders, with the exact number to be fixed by our board of
directors or the shareholders. Except as otherwise required by
law, vacancies on our board of directors caused by the death,
resignation or removal of a director may be filled by
appointment thereto by the chairman of our board of directors,
or in his absence, by the vice chairman of the board of
directors, and such director so appointed shall serve for the
unexpired term of the director causing such vacancy.
Nomination of Director Candidates. Our bylaws
require that any shareholder intending to nominate a candidate
for election as a director must give written notice of the
nomination, containing certain specified information, to our
secretary not later than 120 days prior to the anniversary
date of the immediately preceding annual shareholder meeting
(provided that such meeting is called for a date within
25 days of such anniversary date) or, in the case of a
special meeting of shareholders called for the purpose of
electing directors, not later than the close of business on the
10th day following the day on the earlier of the first date
notice or other public disclosure of such meeting.
Shareholder
Rights Plan
We have established a shareholder rights plan under which each
share of common stock presently outstanding or which is issued
hereafter prior to the distribution date, defined
below, is granted one preferred share purchase right, or a
right. Each right entitles the registered holder to purchase
from us one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.50 per share,
or Series A Preferred Stock, or, in certain circumstances,
shares of common stock, other securities,
and/or cash
or other property, at a purchase price of $90 per share of
Series A Preferred Stock (or, when applicable, common
stock, securities, cash,
and/or other
property), subject to adjustment. The complete terms and
conditions of the rights are set forth in a rights agreement
between us and American Stock Transfer & Trust
Company, as rights agent, as amended through December 19,
2005, or the Rights Agreement, which is referenced as
Exhibits 4.2(a)-(f)
hereto.
Until a distribution date occurs, the rights will be evidenced
by the certificate for the shares of our common stock to which
they are attached, and the transfer of any certificate for
common stock will also constitute the transfer of the rights
attached to such shares. The rights will detach from the
outstanding shares of our common stock and separate right
certificates will be issued when there is a distribution date,
and thereafter the right certificates alone will represent the
rights. The rights are not exercisable until the distribution
date and will expire at the close of business on August 13,
2014 (the final expiration date), unless the final
expiration date is extended or unless the rights are earlier
redeemed or exchanged by us, in each case.
A distribution date will occur on (i) the tenth
day following a public announcement that a person has become an
acquiring person (the date of such public announcement being the
shares acquisition date),
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or (ii) if earlier, the tenth business day (or such later
date as may be determined by our board of directors prior to
such time as any person becomes an acquiring person) following
the commencement or announcement of a tender or exchange offer
that would result in a person or group of affiliated or
associated persons becoming the beneficial owner of 15% or more
of the outstanding shares of common stock.
An acquiring person is a person or group of
affiliated or associated persons that beneficially owns 15% or
more of the outstanding shares of common stock but does not
include (1) us, our subsidiaries, any of our or our
subsidiaries employee benefit plans, or any entity holding
shares of common stock pursuant to the terms of any such plan;
(2) any person or group that becomes the beneficial owner
of 15% or more of the outstanding shares of common stock solely
as a result of the acquisition of common stock by us, unless
such person or group thereafter acquires additional shares of
common stock; or (3) subject to certain conditions set
forth in the Rights Agreement, a person that otherwise would
have become an acquiring person as a result of an inadvertent
acquisition of 15% or more of the outstanding shares of common
stock.
The purchase price payable upon exercise of the rights and the
number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock (and the
amount of other securities
and/or
property, if any) issuable upon exercise of the rights are
subject to adjustment from time to time to prevent dilution in
the event that (i) there is a stock dividend on, or a
subdivision, combination, or reclassification of the
Series A Preferred Stock, or (ii) the holders of
Series A Preferred Stock are granted certain options,
warrants, or rights to subscribe for or purchase shares of
Series A Preferred Stock (or equivalent preferred stock) or
securities convertible into Series A Preferred Stock (or
securities convertible into equivalent preferred stock) at a
price less than the current market price of Series A
Preferred Stock, or (iii) any evidences of indebtedness or
assets (other than regular quarterly cash dividends or dividends
payable in shares of Series A Preferred Stock) or any
subscription rights or warrants (other than rights, options, or
warrants of the type referred to in clause (ii) of this
paragraph) are distributed to the holders of Series A
Preferred Stock.
Subject to certain exceptions as set forth in the Rights
Agreement, no adjustment in the purchase price will be required
until the cumulative adjustments amount to 1% of the purchase
price. The number of outstanding rights and the number of one
one-thousandths of a share of Series A Preferred Stock
issuable upon exercise of each right are also subject to
adjustment in the event of a stock split of the common stock or
a stock dividend on the shares of common stock payable in shares
of common stock or subdivisions, consolidations, or combinations
of the shares of common stock occurring, in any such case, prior
to the distribution date. No fractional shares of Series A
Preferred Stock (other than fractions that are integral
multiples of one one-thousandths of a share of Series A
Preferred Stock, which, at our election, may be evidenced by
depository receipts) will be issued upon exercise of the rights,
but, in lieu thereof, a cash adjustment will be paid to the
holder of the exercised rights based on the market price of the
Series A Preferred Stock on the last trading date prior to
the date of exercise.
Shares of Series A Preferred Stock purchasable upon
exercise of the rights will not be redeemable. The dividend,
liquidation, and voting rights, and non-redemption features of
the Series A Preferred Stock are designed so that the value
of a one one-thousandth interest in a share of Series A
Preferred Stock purchasable upon exercise of each right should
approximate the value of one share of our common stock. Each
whole share of Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to
receive a quarterly preferential dividend equal to the greater
of (a) $1.00 or (b) 1000 times the dividend declared
with respect to each share of our common stock. In the event of
liquidation, the holders of each whole share of Series A
Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive a preferential
liquidation payment equal to the greater of (1) $1000.00 or
(2) 1000 times the payment made per share of common stock.
Each share of Series A Preferred Stock will have 1000
votes, voting together with the shares of our common stock.
Finally, in the event of any merger, consolidation, or other
transaction in which shares of our common stock are exchanged
for or changed into other stock or securities, cash,
and/or other
property, each share of Series A Preferred Stock will be
entitled to receive 1000 times the amount received per share of
our common stock. These rights and preferences are protected by
customary anti-dilution provisions.
Once a person has become an acquiring person, all rights that
are, or (under certain circumstances specified in the Rights
Agreement) were, beneficially owned by an acquiring person will
be null and void. In
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the event that any person becomes an acquiring person, proper
provision shall be made so that each holder of a right (other
than a right that is or was beneficially owned by an acquiring
person that has become null and void pursuant to the terms of
the Rights Agreement), shall thereafter have the right to
receive upon exercise of such right that number of shares of
common stock (or, in certain circumstances, Series A
Preferred Stock, or other securities, property
and/or cash)
having a value equal to two times the then-current purchase
price.
In the event that, at any time after a person becomes an
acquiring person, (1) we are acquired in a merger or other
business combination, or (2) 50% or more of the assets or
earning power of us and our subsidiaries (taken as a whole) is
sold or otherwise transferred, proper provision will be made so
that each holder of a right (other than a right that is or was
beneficially owned by an acquiring person that has become null
and void pursuant to the terms of the Rights Agreement) shall
thereafter have the right to receive upon exercise of such
right, in lieu of shares of Series A Preferred Stock,
shares of common stock of the acquiror then having a current
market value equal to two times the then-current purchase price.
At any time prior to the shares acquisition date, our board of
directors may redeem the rights in whole, but not in part, at a
price of $0.001 per right, subject to adjustment (the
redemption price). The redemption of the rights may
be made effective at such time, on such basis, and with such
conditions as the board of directors in its sole discretion may
establish. Immediately upon any redemption of the rights, the
right to exercise the rights will terminate and the only right
of the holders of rights will be to receive the redemption price.
At any time after any person becomes an acquiring person, and
prior to the time any person (other than us, our subsidiaries,
any of our or our subsidiaries employee benefit plan, and
any entity holding shares of common stock pursuant to the terms
of any such plan) becomes the beneficial owner of 50% or more of
the outstanding shares of our common stock, we may, at the
option and election of our board of directors, exchange shares
of our common stock (or in certain circumstances, shares of
Series A Preferred Stock) for all or any part of the
then-outstanding and unexercised rights (other than rights that
are or were beneficially owned by an acquiring person that have
become null and void pursuant to the terms of the Rights
Agreement) at an exchange rate of one share of our common stock
(or in certain circumstances, one one-thousandth of a share of
Series A Preferred Stock) per right, appropriately adjusted
to reflect any stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split,
or other similar transaction that occurred after August 22,
1996.
The terms of the rights may be amended by our board of directors
without the consent of the holders of the rights, except that
from and after the close of business on the tenth calendar day
following the shares acquisition date no such amendment may
adversely affect the interests of the holders of the rights
(other than rights that are or were beneficially owned by an
acquiring person that have become null and void pursuant to the
terms of the Rights Agreement) and provided, however, that if
such amendment occurs on or after an adverse change of control,
then the rights plan may be amended only if there are continuing
directors in office and such amendment is authorized by a
majority of such continuing directors.
Pennsylvania
Business Corporation Law
The provisions of the articles described under Voting
Rights and Board of Directors above and our
shareholder rights plan are in addition to certain provisions of
Chapter 25 of the BCL, which may have the effect of
discouraging or rendering more difficult a hostile takeover
attempt against us.
Under Section 2538 of the BCL, any merger, consolidation,
share exchange or sale of assets between us or one of our
subsidiaries and any of our shareholders, any of our divisions
in which any shareholder receives a disproportionate amount of
any shares of common stock or other securities of any
corporation resulting from the division, any voluntary
dissolution of our company in which a shareholder is treated
differently from other shareholders of the same class or any
reclassification in which any shareholders voting or
economic interest in us is materially increased relative to
substantially all other shareholders must, in addition to any
other shareholder vote required, be approved by a majority of
the votes which all shareholders other than the shareholder
receiving the special treatment are entitled to cast with
respect to the transaction. This special vote requirement does
not apply to a transaction (1) which has been approved by a
majority vote of our board of directors, without counting the
vote of certain directors affiliated with or nominated by the
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interested shareholder or (2) in which the consideration to
be received by the shareholders is not less than the highest
amount paid by the interested shareholder in acquiring shares of
the same class.
We have elected to opt out of:
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Subchapter 25E of the BCL, which, if any person or group
acting in concert acquires voting power over shares representing
20% or more of the votes which all of our shareholders would be
entitled to cast in an election of directors, would have
permitted any other shareholder to demand that such person or
group purchase such shareholders shares at a price
determined in an appraisal proceeding;
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Subchapter 25G of the BCL, which would have required a
shareholder vote to accord voting rights to control shares
acquired by a 20% shareholder in a control-share acquisition; and
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Subchapter 25H of the BCL, which would have required a
person or group to disgorge to us any profits received from a
sale of our equity securities within 18 months after the
person or group acquired or offered to acquire 20% of our voting
power or publicly disclosed an intention to acquire control of
Mylan.
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Dividend
Rights
The holders of common stock are entitled to dividends when, as
and if declared by our board of directors out of funds legally
available therefor. If preferred stock is issued, our board of
directors may grant to the holders of such preferred stock
preferential dividend rights that would prohibit payment of
dividends on the common stock unless and until specified
dividends on the preferred stock had been paid or in other
circumstances
and/or
rights to share ratably in any dividends payable on the common
stock.
Liquidation
Rights
Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company,
whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of our common
stock are entitled to share ratably in our assets available for
distribution after all of our liabilities have been satisfied
and all preferential amounts payable to the holders of preferred
stock have been paid. If preferred stock is issued, our board of
directors may grant to the holders of such stock preferential
liquidation rights, which would entitle them to be paid out of
our assets available for distribution before any distribution is
made to the holders of common stock
and/or
rights to participate ratably with the common stock in any such
distribution.
Indemnification
Under Section 1746 of the BCL, a Pennsylvania corporation
is authorized to indemnify its officers, directors, employees
and agents under certain circumstances against expenses and
liabilities incurred in legal proceedings involving such persons
because of their holding or having held such positions with the
corporation and to purchase and maintain insurance of such
indemnification. Our bylaws substantively provide that we will
indemnify our officers and directors and, to the extent
authorized by our board of directors, our employees and agents,
to the fullest extent authorized by law, including
Section 1746 of the BCL.
Section 1713 of the BCL permits a Pennsylvania corporation,
by so providing in its bylaws, to eliminate the personal
liability of a director for monetary damages for any action
taken unless the director has breached or failed to perform the
duties of his office and the breach or failure constitutes
self-dealing, willful misconduct or recklessness. In addition,
no such limitation of liability is available with respect to the
responsibility or liability of a director pursuant to any
criminal statute or for the payment of taxes pursuant to
federal, state or local law. Our bylaws eliminate the personal
liability of the directors to the fullest extent permitted by
Section 1713 of the BCL.
Our bylaws provide that each person who is or was serving as a
director or officer of the corporation, or any person who, while
a director or officer of the corporation, is or was serving at
the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee
or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint
venture,
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trust or other enterprise shall be entitled to indemnification
as and to the fullest extent permitted by law, including the BCL
or any successor statutory provision, as from time to time
amended.
Our bylaws also provide that we may maintain an insurance policy
which insures directors and officers against certain liabilities
which might be incurred in connection with the performance of
their duties.
In addition, we have indemnification agreements with our
directors and contractual indemnification obligations to certain
of our officers, which provide that we will indemnify such
persons against any and all expenses, liabilities and losses
incurred by such person in connection with any threatened,
pending or completed action, suit, proceeding or investigation
to which such person was or is a party, or is threatened to be
made a party, because such person is or was a director or
officer of our company or of any of our subsidiaries, or served
at our request as a director, officer, trustee, employee or
agent of another entity, provided generally that such proceeding
was authorized by our board of directors.
Miscellaneous
The holders of shares of our common stock do not have preemptive
rights or conversion rights and there are no redemption or
sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. Holders
of fully paid shares of common stock are not subject to any
liability for further calls or assessments.
Transfer
Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar of our common stock is American
Stock Transfer and Trust Company. Its address is 59 Maiden Lane,
Plaza Level, New York, New York 10038, and its telephone number
at this location is
(212) 509-1745.
The transfer agent and registrar of our preferred stock will be
designated in the prospectus supplement through which such
preferred stock is offered.
Listing
Our common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol
MYL.
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DESCRIPTION
OF DEBT SECURITIES AND GUARANTEES
We may offer senior or subordinated unsecured debt securities,
which may be convertible. Our debt securities will be issued
under one or more indentures to be entered into between us and
The Bank of New York.
We have summarized certain general features of the debt
securities from the indentures. Indenture forms are attached as
exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus
forms a part. The following description of the terms of the debt
securities sets forth certain general terms and provisions. The
particular terms of the debt securities offered by any
prospectus supplement and the extent, if any, to which such
general provisions may apply to the debt securities, will be
described in the related prospectus supplement. Accordingly, for
a description of the terms of a particular issue of debt
securities, reference must be made to both the related
prospectus supplement and to the following description.
General
Reference is made to the applicable prospectus supplement for
the following terms of the debt securities (if applicable):
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title and aggregate principal amount;
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whether the securities will be senior or subordinated;
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applicable subordination provisions, if any;
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conversion or exchange into other securities;
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percentage or percentages of principal amount at which such
securities will be issued;
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maturity date(s);
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interest rate(s) or the method for determining the interest
rate(s);
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dates on which interest will accrue or the method for
determining dates on which interest will accrue and dates on
which interest will be payable;
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redemption or early repayment provisions;
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authorized denominations;
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form;
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amount of discount or premium, if any, with which such
securities will be issued;
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whether such securities will be issued in whole or in part in
the form of one or more global securities;
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identity of the depositary for global securities;
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whether a temporary security is to be issued with respect to
such series and whether any interest payable prior to the
issuance of definitive securities of the series will be credited
to the account of the persons entitled thereto;
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the terms upon which beneficial interests in a temporary global
security may be exchanged in whole or in part for beneficial
interests in a definitive global security or for individual
definitive securities;
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any covenants applicable to the particular debt securities being
issued;
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any defaults and events of default applicable to the particular
debt securities being issued;
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currency, currencies or currency units in which the purchase
price for, the principal of and any premium and any interest on,
such securities will be payable;
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time period within which, the manner in which and the terms and
conditions upon which the purchaser of the securities can select
the payment currency;
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securities exchange(s) on which the securities will be listed,
if any;
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whether any underwriter(s) will act as market maker(s) for the
securities;
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extent to which a secondary market for the securities is
expected to develop;
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our obligation or right to redeem, purchase or repay securities
under a sinking fund, amortization or analogous provision;
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provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;
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provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of the
indenture;
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provisions relating to the modification of the indenture both
with and without the consent of holders of debt securities
issued under the indenture; and
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additional terms not inconsistent with the provisions of the
indenture.
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One or more series of debt securities may be sold at a
substantial discount below their stated principal amount,
bearing no interest or interest at a rate which at the time of
issuance is below market rates. One or more series of debt
securities may be variable rate debt securities that may be
exchanged for fixed rate debt securities.
United States federal income tax consequences and special
considerations, if any, applicable to any such series will be
described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Debt securities may be issued where the amount of principal
and/or
interest payable is determined by reference to one or more
currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity indices or
other factors. Holders of such securities may receive a
principal amount or a payment of interest that is greater than
or less than the amount of principal or interest otherwise
payable on such dates, depending upon the value of the
applicable currencies, commodities, equity indices or other
factors. Information as to the methods for determining the
amount of principal or interest, if any, payable on any date,
the currencies, commodities, equity indices or other factors to
which the amount payable on such date is linked and certain
additional United States federal income tax considerations will
be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
The term debt securities includes debt securities
denominated in U.S. dollars or, if specified in the
applicable prospectus supplement, in any other freely
transferable currency or units based on or relating to foreign
currencies.
We expect most debt securities to be issued in fully registered
form without coupons and in denominations of $1,000 and any
integral multiples thereof. Subject to the limitations provided
in the indenture and in the prospectus supplement, debt
securities that are issued in registered form may be transferred
or exchanged at the office of the trustee maintained in the
Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York or the principal
corporate trust office of the trustee, without the payment of
any service charge, other than any tax or other governmental
charge payable in connection therewith.
Guarantees
We or one or more of our direct or indirect subsidiaries, or any
combination of them, may, severally or jointly and severally,
guarantee any or all of the series of debt securities.
Guarantees may be full or limited, senior or subordinated or any
combination thereof. In all cases, however, the obligations of
each guarantor under its guarantee will be limited as necessary
to prevent the guarantee from being rendered voidable under
fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer or similar laws
affecting the rights of creditors generally. We will describe
the specific terms of any guarantees in a prospectus supplement.
These terms will include some or all of the terms detailed in
this section.
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All guarantees will bind the successors of the guarantors and
will inure to the benefit of holders of the debt securities
guaranteed. The guarantees will terminate as described in the
applicable prospectus supplement.
The guarantee of a subsidiary will be released as described in
the applicable prospectus supplement.
Structural
Subordination
We are a holding company and substantially all of our operations
are conducted through direct and indirect subsidiaries. As a
holding company, we own no significant assets other than our
equity in our subsidiaries, and our ability to meet our debt
service obligations, including payments on the debt securities,
will be dependent on dividends and other distributions or
payments from our subsidiaries. The ability of our subsidiaries
to pay dividends or make distributions or other payments to us
depends upon the availability of cash flow from operations,
proceeds from the sale of assets
and/or
borrowings, and, in the case of non-wholly owned subsidiaries,
our contractual arrangements with other equity holders. In
addition, a guarantee of our debt securities by our subsidiaries
will be effectively subordinated to all of the liabilities of
our subsidiaries with regard to the assets and earnings of our
subsidiaries.
Global
Securities
The debt securities of a series may be issued in whole or in
part in the form of one or more global securities that will be
deposited with, or on behalf of, a depositary (the
depositary) identified in the prospectus supplement.
Global securities will be issued in registered form and in
either temporary or definitive form. Unless and until it is
exchanged in whole or in part for the individual debt
securities, a global security may not be transferred except as a
whole by the depositary for such global security to a nominee of
such depositary or by a nominee of such depositary to such
depositary or another nominee of such depositary or by such
depositary or any such nominee to a successor of such depositary
or a nominee of such successor. The specific terms of the
depositary arrangement with respect to any debt securities of a
series and the rights of and limitations upon owners of
beneficial interests in a global security will be described in
the applicable prospectus supplement.
Governing
Law
The indentures and the debt securities shall be construed in
accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New
York.
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PLAN OF
DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the common stock, preferred stock or any series of
debt securities that may be guaranteed by certain of our
subsidiaries and selling shareholders may sell common stock
being offered hereby in one or more of the following ways from
time to time:
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to underwriters or dealers for resale to the public or to
institutional investors;
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directly to institutional investors;
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directly to a limited number of purchasers or to a single
purchaser;
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through agents to the public or to institutional investors; or
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through a combination of any of these methods of sale.
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The prospectus supplement with respect to each series of
securities will state the terms of the offering of the
securities, including:
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the offering terms, including the name or names of any
underwriters, dealers or agents;
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the purchase price of the securities and the net proceeds to be
received by us or selling shareholders from the sale;
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any underwriting discounts or agency fees and other items
constituting underwriters or agents compensation;
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any public offering price;
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any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to
dealers; and
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any securities exchange on which the securities may be listed.
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If we or selling shareholders use underwriters or dealers in the
sale, the securities will be acquired by the underwriters or
dealers for their own account and may be resold from time to
time in one or more transactions, including:
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privately negotiated transactions;
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at a fixed public offering price or prices, which may be changed;
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in at the market offerings within the meaning of
Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act;
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at prices related to prevailing market prices; or
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at negotiated prices.
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Any initial public offering price and any discounts or
concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may be
changed from time to time.
If underwriters are used in the sale of any securities, the
securities may be offered either to the public through
underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters, or
directly by underwriters. Generally, the underwriters
obligations to purchase the securities will be subject to
certain conditions precedent. The underwriters will be obligated
to purchase all of the securities if they purchase any of the
securities.
If indicated in an applicable prospectus supplement, we or
selling shareholders may sell the securities and selling
shareholders may sell common stock through agents from time to
time. The applicable prospectus supplement will name any agent
involved in the offer or sale of the securities and any
commissions paid to them. Generally, any agent will be acting on
a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment. We or
selling shareholders may authorize underwriters, dealers or
agents to solicit offers by certain purchasers to purchase
securities at the public offering price set forth in the
applicable prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery
contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date
in the future. The delayed delivery contracts will be subject
only to those conditions set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement,
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and the applicable prospectus supplement will set forth any
commissions paid for solicitation of these delayed delivery
contracts.
Offered securities may also be offered and sold, if so indicated
in the applicable prospectus supplement, in connection with a
remarketing upon their purchase, in accordance with a redemption
or repayment pursuant to their terms, or otherwise, by one or
more remarketing firms, acting as principals for their own
accounts or as agents for us or selling shareholders. Any
remarketing firm will be identified and the terms of its
agreements, if any, with us or selling shareholders and its
compensation will be described in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Agents, underwriters and other third parties described above may
be entitled to indemnification by us or selling shareholders
against certain civil liabilities under the Securities Act, or
to contribution with respect to payments which the agents or
underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof. Agents,
underwriters and such other third parties may be customers of,
engage in transactions with, or perform services for us or
selling shareholders in the ordinary course of business.
Each series of securities will be a new issue of securities and
will have no established trading market, other than our common
stock, which is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Any
common stock sold will be listed on the New York Stock Exchange,
upon official notice of issuance. The securities other than the
common stock may or may not be listed on a national securities
exchange. Any underwriters to whom securities are sold by us or
selling shareholders for public offering and sale may make a
market in the securities, but such underwriters will not be
obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any
time without notice.
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The validity of the securities being offered by this prospectus
will be passed upon by Kristin A. Kolesar, Esq., Senior
Corporate and Compliance Counsel of Mylan Laboratories Inc.
Ms. Kolesar is a participant in various employee benefit
plans offered by us to our employees generally. In connection
with particular offerings of the securities in the future, and
if stated in the applicable prospectus supplements, the validity
of those securities may be passed upon for us by
Ms. Kolesar
and/or
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, New York,
New York, and for any underwriters or agents by counsel named in
the applicable prospectus supplement.
The consolidated financial statements, the related consolidated
financial statement schedule and managements report on the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting
incorporated in this prospectus by reference from the Annual
Report of Mylan Laboratories Inc. on
Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2006 have been audited
by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered
public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are
incorporated herein by reference, and have been so incorporated
in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their
authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The consolidated financial statements of Matrix Laboratories
Limited as of and for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2006
and 2005, incorporated in this prospectus by reference from the
Current Report of Mylan Laboratories Inc. on
Form 8-K
filed on January 10, 2007, as amended on February 20,
2007, have been audited by Deloitte Haskins & Sells,
independent auditors, as stated in their report, which is
incorporated herein by reference, and has been so incorporated
in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their
authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
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1,400,000 Shares
Mylan Inc.
%
Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Banc
of America Securities LLC
Mitsubishi
UFJ Securities
November , 2007