As filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on June 9 , 2008
Securities
Act File No. 333-149938
Investment
Company Act File No. 811-05715
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
________________________
FORM
N-2
_____________________
x
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Registration
Statement under the Securities Act of 1933
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x
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Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 2
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¨
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Post-Effective
Amendment No.
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and/or
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x
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Registration
Statement under the Investment Company Act of 1940
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x
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Amendment
No. 13
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(Check
Appropriate Box or Boxes)
________________________
THE
GABELLI CONVERTIBLE AND INCOME SECURITIES FUND INC.
(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
One
Corporate Center
Rye,
New York 10580-1422
(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
(800)
422-3554
(Registrant's
Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Bruce
N. Alpert
The
Gabelli Convertible and Income Securities Fund Inc.
One
Corporate Center
Rye,
New York 10580-1422
(914)
921-5100
(Name
and Address of Agent for Service)
Copies
to:
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Richard
T. Prins, Esq.
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Agnes
Mullady
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Skadden,
Arps, Slate, Meagher &
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The
Gabelli Convertible and Income Securities Fund Inc.
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Flom
LLP
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One
Corporate Center
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Four
Times Square
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Rye,
New York 10580-1422
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New
York, New York 10036
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(914)
921-5100
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(212)
735-3000
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Approximate
date of proposed public offering: As soon as practicable after the effective
date of this Registration Statement.
If
any securities being registered on this form will be offered on a delayed or
continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, other than securities offered in connection with a dividend
reinvestment plan, check the following box. x
It
is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate
box)
x When
declared effective pursuant to section 8(c).
If
appropriate, check the following box:
[ ]
This [post-effective] amendment designates a new effective date for a previously
filed [post-effective amendment] [registration statement].
[ ]
This form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to
Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act and the Securities Act registration number
of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is
__________.
____________________
CALCULATION
OF REGISTRATION FEE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Title
of Securities
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Amount
Being
Registered
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Proposed
Maximum
Offering
Price Per Share
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Proposed
Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price (1)
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Amount
of
Registration
Fee (2)
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Preferred
Stock, $0.001 par value (3)
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$100
million
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$3,930
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Notes
(3)
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(1) Estimated
pursuant to Rule 457 solely for the purpose of determining the registration fee.
The proposed maximum offering price per security will be determined, from time
to time, by the Registrant in connection with the sale by the Registrant of the
securities registered under this registration statement.
(2)
Previously paid in connection with filing of the initial registration
statement for these securities on March 28, 2008.
(3)
Subject to Note 4 below, there is being registered hereunder an
indeterminate principal amount of preferred stock or notes as may be sold, from
time to time.
(4)
In no event will the aggregate offering price of all securities issued from time
to time pursuant to this registration statement exceed $100
million.
____________________
THE
REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS
MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A
FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT
SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(a) OF THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME
EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, ACTING
PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(a), MAY DETERMINE.
Subject
to Completion,
Preliminary
Base Prospectus dated June 9 , 2008
PROSPECTUS
$100,000,000
The
Gabelli Convertible and Income Securities Fund Inc.
Preferred
Stock
Notes
___________________________
Investment
Objective. The Gabelli Convertible and Income Securities Fund
Inc. (the "Fund") is a diversified, closed-end management investment company
registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940
Act"). The Fund's investment objective is to seek a high level of
total return on its assets. The Fund's investments are selected by its
Investment Adviser, Gabelli Funds, LLC (the "Investment Adviser"). The Fund
seeks to achieve its investment objective through a combination of current
income and capital appreciation. Under normal circumstances the Fund will invest
at least 80% of its total assets in securities that are convertible into or
represent the right to acquire common stock, and in other debt or equity
securities that are expected to periodically accrue or generate income for their
holders. We cannot assure you that the Fund will achieve its
investment objective.
We
may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, our preferred stock
(“preferred shares”), par value $0.001 per share, or our promissory notes
("notes") . Preferred shares or notes may be offered at prices and
on terms to be set forth in one or more supplements to this Prospectus (each a
"Prospectus Supplement"). You should read this Prospectus and the
applicable Prospectus Supplement carefully before you invest in our
preferred shares or notes.
Our
preferred shares or notes may be offered directly to one or more purchasers,
through agents designated from time to time by us, or to or through underwriters
or dealers. The Prospectus Supplement relating to the offering will
identify any agents or underwriters involved in the sale of our preferred shares
or notes, and will set forth any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or
discount arrangement between us and our agents or underwriters, or among our
underwriters, or the basis upon which such amount may be
calculated. The Prospectus Supplement relating to any sale of
preferred shares will set forth the liquidation preference and information about
the dividend period, dividend rate, any call protection or non-call period and
other matters. The Prospectus Supplement relating to any sale of
notes will set forth the principal amount, interest rate, interest payment
dates, prepayment protections (if any) and other matters. We may not
sell any of our preferred shares or notes through agents, underwriters or
dealers without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the method and
terms of the particular offering of our preferred shares or
notes. Our common stock (“common shares”) is listed on the New York
Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") under the symbol "GCV" and our Series B Preferred
Shares (“Series B Preferred”) are listed on the NYSE under the symbol "GCV Pr
B". On June 6 , 2008 , the last reported sale price of
our common shares was $ 7.15 and the last reported sale price of our
Series B Preferred was $ 24.50 .
Shares
of closed-end funds often trade at a discount from net asset
value. This creates a risk of loss for an investor purchasing shares
in a public offering.
Investing in the Fund's preferred
shares or notes involves risks. See "Risk Factors and Special
Considerations" on page 21 for factors that should be
considered before investing in preferred shares or notes of the
Fund.
Neither
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") nor any state securities
commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this
prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the
contrary is a criminal offense.
This
prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of preferred shares or notes by
us through agents, underwriters or dealers unless accompanied by a Prospectus
Supplement.
This
P rospectus sets forth concisely the information about the Fund that a
prospective investor should know before investing. You should read
this P rospectus, which contains important information about the Fund,
before deciding whether to invest in the preferred shares or notes, and
retain it for future reference. A Statement of Additional
Information, dated June 9 , 2008, containing additional information
about the Fund, has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by
reference in its entirety into this prospectus. You may request a
free copy of our annual and semi-annual reports, request a free copy of the
Statement of Additional Information, the table of contents of which is on page
56 of this prospectus, request other information about us and make
shareholder inquiries by calling (800) GABELLI (422-3554) or by writing to the
Fund, or obtain a copy (and other information regarding the Fund) from the SEC's
web site (http://www.sec.gov).
Our
preferred shares and notes do not represent a deposit or obligation of, and are
not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution,
and are not federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the
Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency.
You
should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in
this P rospectus. The Fund has not authorized anyone to provide
you with different information. The Fund is not making an offer to
sell these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted. You should not assume that the information contained in
this P rospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date of this
P rospectus.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
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Page
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PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
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1
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FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
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11
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USE
OF PROCEEDS
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13
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THE
FUND
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13
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INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
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13
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RISK
FACTORS AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
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21
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HOW
THE FUND MANAGES RISK
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30
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MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
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31
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PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS
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34
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DIVIDENDS
AND DISTRIBUTIONS
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34
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AUTOMATIC
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT AND VOLUNTARY CASH PURCHASE PLAN
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34
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DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STOCK AND NOTES
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37
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TAXATION
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47
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ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS OF THE FUND'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS
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50
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CLOSED-END
FUND STRUCTURE
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51
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REPURCHASE
OF SHARES
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51
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NET
ASSET VALUE
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51
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CUSTODIAN,
TRANSFER AGENT, AUCTION AGENT AND DIVIDEND-DISBURSING
AGENT
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53
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PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
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53
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LEGAL
MATTERS
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55
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INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
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55
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ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
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55
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PRIVACY
PRINCIPLES OF THE FUND
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55
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SPECIAL
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
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55
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TABLE
OF CONTENTS OF STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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56
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APPENDIX
A CORPORATE BOND RATINGS
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A-1
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PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
This
is only a summary. This summary does not contain all of the
information that you should consider before investing in our preferred
shares or notes. You should review the more detailed information
contained in this P rospectus and the Statement of Additional Information,
dated June 9 , 2008 (the "SAI").
The
Fund
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The
Gabelli Convertible and Income Securities Fund Inc. is a closed-end,
diversified management investment company organized as a Maryland
corporation on December 19, 1988. Prior to March 31, 1995, The
Gabelli Convertible and Income Securities Fund Inc. operated as an
open-end, diversified, management investment
company. Throughout this prospectus, we refer to The Gabelli
Convertible and Income Securities Fund Inc. as the "Fund" or as
"we." See "The Fund."
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The
Fund's outstanding common stock (“common shares”), par value $0.001 per
share, is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
"GCV." On June 6 , 2008, the last
reported sale price of our common shares was
$ 7.15 . As of March 31, 2008, the net assets of the
Fund attributable to its common shares were
$ 92,086,565 . As of March 31, 2008, the Fund had
outstanding 12,693,456 common shares; 990,800 shares of 6% Series B
Cumulative Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $25 per share (the
"Series B Preferred"); and 1,000 shares of Series C Auction Rate
Cumulative Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $25,000 per
share (the "Series C Auction Rate Preferred"). The Fund
previously had 600,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock (the “Series A
Preferred”) outstanding, however all 600,000 shares of the Series A
Preferred were redeemed by the Fund on February 11, 2003. The
Series B Preferred and Series C Auction Rate Preferred have the same
seniority with respect to distributions and liquidation
preference.
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The
Offering
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We
may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, our preferred
stock (“preferred shares”), $0.001 par value per share, or our
promissory notes ("notes") . The preferred shares
may either be fixed rate preferred shares or variable rate preferred
shares. The preferred shares and notes may be offered at prices and
on terms to be set forth in one or more supplements to this Prospectus
(each a "Prospectus Supplement"). You should read this
Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement carefully before you
invest in our preferred shares or notes. Our preferred shares
and notes may be offered directly to one or more purchasers, through
agents designated from time to time by us or to or through underwriters or
dealers. The Prospectus Supplement relating to the offering
will identify any agents, underwriters or dealers involved in the sale of
our preferred shares or notes, and will set forth any applicable purchase
price, fee, commission or discount arrangement between us and our agents
or underwriters, or among our underwriters, or the basis upon which such
amount may be calculated. The Prospectus Supplement relating to
any sale of preferred shares will set forth the liquidation preference and
information about the dividend period, dividend rate, any call protection
or non-call period and other matters. The Prospectus Supplement relating
to any sale of notes will set forth the principal amount, interest rate,
interest payment dates, prepayment protections (if any) and other
matters. We may not sell any of our preferred shares or notes
through agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of a Prospectus
Supplement describing the method and terms of the particular
offering.
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Investment
Objective and Policies
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The
investment objective of the Fund is to seek a high level of total return
on its assets. The Fund will seek to achieve this objective through a
combination of current income and capital appreciation by investing
primarily in convertible and other income producing
securities.
Under
normal circumstances the Fund will invest at least 80% of the value of its
total assets (taken at current value) in "convertible securities," i.e.,
securities (bonds, debentures, notes, stocks and other similar securities)
that are convertible into common stock or other equity securities, and
"income securities," i.e., nonconvertible debt or equity securities having
a history of regular payments or accrual of income to holders. No
assurance can be given that the Fund will achieve its investment
objective.
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Preferred
Shares
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Currently,
2,000,000 shares of the Fund's capital stock, which include the preferred
shares being registered by this registration statement, have been
classified by the Board of Directors of the Fund (the "Board") or any duly
authorized committee thereof as preferred shares, par value $0.001 per
share. The Fund's Board may reclassify authorized and unissued shares of
the Fund, previously classified as common shares, as preferred shares
prior to the completion of any offering. The terms of each series of
preferred shares may be fixed by the Board and may materially limit and/or
qualify the rights of holders of the Fund's common shares. If the Fund's
Board determines that it may be advantageous to the holders of the Fund's
common shares for the Fund to utilize additional leverage, the Fund may
issue additional series of fixed rate preferred shares or additional
series of variable rate preferred shares. Any fixed rate preferred shares
or variable rate preferred shares issued by the Fund will pay, as
applicable, distributions at a fixed rate or at rates that will be reset
frequently based on short-term interest rates (as of March 31, 2008,
990,800 shares of Series B Preferred and 1,000 shares of Series C Auction
Rate Preferred were outstanding). Leverage creates a greater risk of loss
as well as a potential for more gains for the common shares than if
leverage were not used. See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations —
Leverage Risk."
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Payments
on Notes
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General. Under
Maryland law and our c harter, we may borrow money without prior
approval of holders of common and preferred shares. We may issue debt
securities, including notes, or other evidence of indebtedness and may
secure any such notes or borrowings by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise
subjecting as security our assets to the extent permitted by the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the " 1940 Act ")
or rating agency guidelines. Any borrowings, including , without
limitation , the notes, will rank senior to the preferred shares and
the common shares.
Interest. The
P rospectus S upplement will describe the interest payment
provisions relating to notes. Interest on notes will be payable when due
as described in the related P rospectus S upplement. If we do
not pay interest when due, it will trigger an event of default and we will
be restricted from declaring dividends and making other distributions with
respect to our common shares and preferred shares
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Dividends
and Distributions
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Preferred Share
Distributions. Under current law, all preferred shares of the Fund
must have the same seniority with respect to distributions. Accordingly,
no full distribution will be declared or paid on any series of preferred
shares of the Fund for any dividend period, or part thereof, unless full
cumulative dividends due through the most recent dividend payment dates
for all series of outstanding preferred shares of the Fund are declared
and paid. If full cumulative distributions due have not been declared and
made
on all outstanding preferred shares of the Fund, any distributions
on such preferred shares will be made as nearly pro rata as possible in
proportion to the respective amounts of distributions accumulated but
unmade on each such series of preferred shares on the relevant dividend
date.
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In
the event that for any calendar year the total distributions on the Fund's
preferred shares exceed the Fund's current and accumulated earnings and
profits, the excess distributions will generally be treated as a tax-free
return of capital (to the extent of the shareholder's tax basis in his or
her shares). The amount treated as a tax-free return of capital
will reduce a shareholder's adjusted tax basis in his or her preferred
shares, thereby increasing the shareholder's potential gain or reducing
his or her potential loss on the sale of the shares. The
distributions to the Fund's preferred shareholders for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2007, were comprised exclusively of net investment
income, short-term capital gains, and long-term capital gains and did not
include any return of capital.
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Fixed Rate Preferred
Shares. Distributions on fixed rate preferred shares, at the
applicable annual rate of the per share liquidation preference, are
cumulative from the original issue date and are payable, when, as and if
declared by the Board, out of funds legally available
therefor.
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Variable Rate Preferred
Shares. The holders of variable rate preferred shares are entitled
to receive cash distributions, stated at annual rates of the applicable
per share liquidation preference, that vary from dividend period to
dividend period.
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Common
Share Distributions. In order to
allow its holders of common shares to realize a predictable, but not
assured, level of cash flow and some liquidity periodically on their
investment without having to sell shares, the Fund has adopted a policy,
which may be modified at any time by its Board, of paying a minimum annual
distribution of 8% of the average net asset value of the Fund to common
shareholders. In the event the Fund does not generate a total
return from dividends and interest received and net realized capital gains
in an amount equal to or in excess of its stated distribution in a given
year, the Fund may return capital as part of such distribution, which may
have the effect of decreasing the asset coverage per share with respect to
the Fund's preferred shares. Any return of capital that is a
component of a distribution is not sourced from realized or
unrealized profits of the Fund and that portion should not be
considered by investors as yield or total return on their investment in
the Fund. Shareholders should not assume that a distribution from
the Fund is comprised exclusively of net profits.
For
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the Fund made distributions of
$0.80 per common share, of which 21% constituted a return of capital. The
composition of each distribution is estimated based on the earnings of the
Fund as of the record date for each distribution. The actual composition
of each of the current year's distributions will be based on the Fund's
investment activity through the end of the calendar year. The
Fund's Board monitors and reviews the Fund's common share distribution
policy on a regular basis.
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Limitations on
Distributions. If at any time the Fund has borrowings
outstanding, the Fund will be prohibited from paying any distributions on
any of its common shares (other than in additional shares), and from
repurchasing any of its common shares or preferred shares, unless the
value of its total assets, less certain ordinary course liabilities,
exceed 300% of the amount of the debt outstanding and exceed 200% of the
sum of the amount of debt and preferred shares outstanding. In
addition, in such circumstances the Fund will be prohibited from paying
any distributions on its preferred shares unless the value of its total
assets, less certain ordinary course liabilities, exceed 200% of the
amount of debt outstanding.
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Tax
Treatment of Interest Payments on Notes
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Noteholders
will be required to include payments of interest on the notes in their
gross income in accordance with their method of accounting for U.S.
federal income tax purposes. For a more detailed discussion,
see "Taxation."
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Tax
Treatment of Preferred
Share
Distributions
|
The
Fund expects that distributions on the preferred shares will consist of
(i) long-term capital gain (gain from the sale of a capital asset held
longer than 12 months), (ii) qualified dividend income (dividend income
from certain domestic and foreign corporations) and (iii) investment
company taxable income (other than qualified dividend income), including
interest income, short-term capital gain and income from certain hedging
and interest rate transactions. For individuals, the maximum federal
income tax rate on long-term capital gain is currently 15%, on qualified
dividend income is currently 15%, and on ordinary income (such as
distributions from investment company taxable income that are not eligible
for treatment as qualified dividend income) is currently 35%. Under
current law, these tax rates are scheduled to apply through 2010. We
cannot assure you, however, as to what percentage of the distributions
paid on the preferred shares will consist of long-term capital gain and
qualified dividend income, which are taxed at lower rates for individuals
than ordinary income. For a more detailed discussion, see
"Taxation."
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Use
of Proceeds
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The
Fund will use the net proceeds from the offering to purchase additional
portfolio securities in accordance with its investment objective and
policies. Proceeds will be invested as appropriate investment
opportunities are identified, which is expected to be substantially
completed within three months; however, changes in market conditions could
result in the Fund's anticipated investment period extending to as long as
six months. The Fund may also use net proceeds to redeem it Series C
Auction Rate Preferred. See "Use of Proceeds."
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Exchange
Listing
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The
Fund's outstanding common shares are listed on the NYSE under the trading
or "ticker" symbol "GCV" and our Series B Preferred are listed on the NYSE
under the symbol "GCV Pr B". See "Description of the
Shares." Any additional series of fixed rate preferred shares
issued by the Fund would also likely be listed on the
NYSE. Variable rate preferred shares and notes will not likely
be listed on a stock exchange.
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Market
Price of Shares
|
Common
shares of closed-end investment companies often trade at prices lower than
their net asset value. Common shares of closed-end investment
companies may trade during some periods at prices higher than their net
asset value and during other periods at prices lower than their net asset
value. The Fund cannot assure you that its common shares will
trade at a price higher than or equal to net asset value. The
Fund's net asset value will be reduced immediately following this offering
by the sales load and the amount of the offering expenses paid by the
Fund. See "Use of Proceeds."
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In
addition to net asset value, the market price of the Fund's common shares
may be affected by such factors as the Fund's dividend and distribution
levels (which are affected by expenses) and stability, market liquidity,
market supply and demand, unrealized gains, general market and economic
conditions and other factors. See "Risk Factors and Special
Considerations," "Description of Capital Stock and Notes" and "Repurchase
of Shares."
|
Risk
Factors and Special Considerations
|
Risk
is inherent in all investing. Therefore, before investing in preferred
shares or notes of the Fund, you should consider the risks carefully. See
"Risk Factors and Special Considerations."
|
|
Special Risk to Holders of
Notes. An investment in our notes is subject to special
risks. There may not be an established market for our
notes. To the extent our notes trade, they may trade at a price
either higher or lower than their principal amounts depending on interest
rates, the rating (if any) on such notes and other factors. See
"Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Special Risks to Holders of
Notes."
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|
Special Risk to Holders of
Fixed Rate Preferred Shares. Prior to the
offering of any additional series of fixed rate preferred shares, there
will be no public market for such shares. During an initial
period, not expected to exceed 30 days after the date of initial issuance,
such shares may not be listed on any securities exchange. Consequently, an
investment in such shares may be illiquid during such
period. Fixed rate preferred shares may trade at a premium to
or discount from liquidation preference for a variety of reasons,
including changes in interest rates. See "Risk Factors and
Special Considerations — Special Risks to Holders of Fixed Rate Preferred
Shares."
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|
Special Risk to Holders of
Variable Rate Preferred Shares. In the event any
auction-rate preferred shares are issued, you may not be able to sell your
auction-rate preferred shares at an auction if the auction fails, i.e., if
more auction-rate preferred shares are offered for sale than there are
buyers for those shares. In the event any auction-rate
preferred shares are issued, if you try to sell your auction-rate
preferred shares between auctions, you may not be able sell them or, if
you are able to sell them, you may not be able to do so for their
liquidation preference per share or such amount per share plus accumulated
dividends. Due to recent market turmoil most auction-rate
preferred shares, including our Series C Auction Rate Preferred, have been
unable to hold successful auctions and holders of such shares have
suffered reduced liquidity. Since February 2008 all of the
auctions of our Serices C Auction Rate Preferred have failed. There
can be no assurance that liquidity will improve. See "Risk Factors
and Special Considerations — Special Risks to Holders of Variable Rate
Preferred Shares."
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|
Credit Quality Ratings.
In order to obtain and maintain attractive credit quality ratings for
preferred shares or borrowings, the Fund's portfolio must satisfy
over-collateralization tests established by the relevant rating
agencies. These tests are more difficult to satisfy to the
extent the Fund's portfolio securities are of lower credit quality, longer
maturity or not diversified by issuer and industry. These
guidelines could affect portfolio decisions and may be more stringent than
those imposed by the 1940 Act. With respect to ratings (if any)
of the notes or preferred shares, a rating by a ratings agency does not
eliminate or necessarily mitigate the risks of investing in our preferred
shares or notes, and a rating may not fully or accurately reflect all of
the securities' credit risks. A rating does not address the
liquidity or any other market risks of the securities being
rated. A rating agency could downgrade the rating of our notes
or preferred shares, which may make such securities less liquid in the
secondary market. If a rating agency downgrades the rating assigned to our
preferred shares or notes, we may alter our portfolio or redeem the
preferred shares or notes under certain circumstances. See
"Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Credit Quality
Ratings."
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|
Common Share
Repurchases. Repurchases of common shares by the Fund
may reduce the net asset coverage of the notes and preferred shares, which
could adversely affect their liquidity or market prices. See
"Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Common Share
Repurchases."
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|
Preferred Shares Subordinated
to Debt Securities. As provided in the 1940 Act, and
subject to compliance with the Fund's investment limitations, the Fund may
issue debt securities. In the event the Fund were to issue such
securities, the Fund's obligations to make distributions and, upon
liquidation of the Fund, liquidation payments in respect of its preferred
shares , would be subordinate to the Fund's obligations to make any
principal and interest payments due and owing with respect to its
outstanding debt securities. Accordingly, the Fund's issuance
of debt securities would have the effect of creating special risks for the
Fund's preferred shareholders that would not be present in a capital
structure that did not include such securities. See "Risk
Factors and Special Considerations — Special Risks of Debt Securities to
Preferred Shares."
|
|
Restrictions on Dividends and
Other Distributions. Restrictions imposed on the
declaration and payment of dividends or other distributions to the holders
of the Fund's common shares and preferred shares, both by the 1940 Act and
by requirements imposed by rating agencies, might impair the Fund's
ability to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company
for U.S. federal income tax purposes. While the Fund intends to
redeem its preferred shares or prepay its notes to the extent necessary to
enable the Fund to distribute its income as required to maintain its
qualification as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), there can be no assurance that such
actions can be effected in time to meet the Code
requirements. See "Taxation" in the SAI.
|
|
Leverage
Risk. The Fund currently uses, and intends to continue
to use, financial leverage for investment purposes by issuing preferred
shares and may also issue debt securities for that purpose. As
of December 31, 2007, the amount of leverage represented approximately 33%
of the Fund's total assets. The Fund's leveraged capital
structure creates special risks not associated with unleveraged funds
having a similar investment objective and policies. These
include the possibility of greater loss and the likelihood of higher
volatility of the net asset value of the Fund and the asset coverage for
the preferred shares. Such volatility may increase the
likelihood of the Fund having to sell investments in order to meet its
obligations to make distributions on the preferred shares or principal or
interest payments on debt securities, or to redeem preferred shares or
repay debt, when it may be disadvantageous to do so. The use of
leverage magnifies both the favorable and unfavorable effects of price
movements in the investments made by the Fund. To the extent
that the Fund determines to employ leverage in its investment operations,
the Fund will be subject to substantial risk of loss. The Fund
cannot assure you that borrowings or the issuance of preferred shares or
notes will result in a higher yield or return to the holders of the common
shares. Also, if the Fund is utilizing leverage, a decline in
net asset value could affect the ability of the Fund to make common share
distributions and such a failure to make distributions could result in the
Fund ceasing to qualify as a regulated investment company under the
Code. See "Taxation."
|
|
Preferred Share and Note
Risk. The issuance of preferred shares or notes causes
the net asset value and market value of the common shares to become more
volatile. If the interest rate on the notes or the dividend
rate on the preferred shares approaches the net rate of return on the
Fund's investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage to the holders of the
common shares would be reduced. If the interest rate on the
notes or the dividend rate on the preferred shares plus the management fee
annual rate of 1.00% (as applicable) exceeds the net rate of return on the
Fund's portfolio, the leverage will result in a lower rate of return to
the holders of common shares than if the Fund had not issued preferred
shares or notes.
|
|
Any
decline in the net asset value of the Fund's investments would be borne
entirely by the holders of common shares. Therefore, if the
market value of the Fund's portfolio declines, the leverage will result in
a greater decrease in net asset value to the holders of common shares than
if the Fund were not leveraged. This greater net asset value
decrease will also tend to cause a greater decline in the market price for
the common shares. The Fund might be in danger of failing to
maintain the required asset coverage of the notes or preferred shares or
of losing its ratings on the preferred shares or, in an extreme case, the
Fund's current investment income might not be sufficient to meet the
dividend requirements on the preferred shares. In order to
counteract such an event, the Fund might need to liquidate investments in
order to fund redemption of some or all of the preferred shares or
notes.
|
|
In
addition, the Fund would pay (and the holders of common shares will bear)
all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of
the preferred shares and notes, including any additional advisory fees on
the incremental assets attributable to such preferred
shares. Holders of notes and preferred shares may have
different interests than holders of common shares and at times may have
disproportionate influence over the Fund's affairs. In the
event the Fund fails to maintain the specified level of asset coverage of
any notes outstanding, the holders of the notes will have the right to
elect a majority of the Fund's D irectors. In addition,
holders of preferred shares, voting separately as a single class, have the
right to elect two members of the Board at all times and in the event
dividends become in arrears for two full years would have the right
(subject to the rights of noteholders) to elect a majority of the
D irectors until the arrearage is completely
eliminated. In addition, preferred shareholders have class
voting rights on certain matters, including changes in fundamental
investment restrictions and conversion of the Fund to open-end status, and
accordingly can veto any such changes.
|
|
Special Risks Related to
Convertible Securities. The Fund invests a significant
portion of its assets in convertible securities. Many convertible
securities are not investment grade, that is, not rated within the four
highest categories by Moody's Investors Services, Inc. ("Moody's") and
Standard & Poor's ("S&P") ratings agencies. To the extent that the
convertible securities and any other fixed income securities owned by the
Fund are rated lower than investment grade, or are not rated, there would
be a greater risk as to the timely repayment of the principal of, and
timely payment of interest or dividends on, those securities. Convertible
debt securities (which generally are rated lower than investment grade)
and fixed income securities that are rated lower than investment grade, or
not rated but of similar quality, are commonly described as "junk bonds."
See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Asset Class
Risks."
|
|
Special Risks Related to
Preferred Securities. Special risks associated with the
Fund investing in preferred securities include deferral of distributions
or dividend payments, in some cases the right of an issuer never to pay
missed dividends, subordination to debt and other liabilities,
illiquidity, limited voting rights and redemption by the
issuer. Because the Fund has no limit on its investment in
non-cumulative preferred securities, the amount of dividends the Fund pays
may be adversely affected if an issuer of a non-cumulative preferred stock
held by the Fund determines not to pay dividends on such
stock. There is no assurance that dividends or distributions on
preferred stock in which the Fund invests will be declared or otherwise
made payable. See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations —
Special Risks Related to Preferred Securities."
|
|
Industry Concentration
Risk. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its assets in the
securities of companies principally engaged in a single industry. In the
event the Fund makes substantial investments in a single industry, the
Fund would become more susceptible to adverse economic or regulatory
occurrences affecting that industry. See "Risk Factors and Special
Considerations — Risks of Investing in the Fund — Industry Concentration
Risk."
|
|
Illiquid
Investments. The Fund has no limit on the amount of its
net assets it may invest in unregistered and otherwise illiquid
investments. The Fund currently does not intend
to
|
|
invest
more than 15% of its total net assets in illiquid convertible securities
or income securities. Unregistered securities are securities that cannot
be sold publicly in the United States without registration under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"). Unregistered
securities generally can be resold only in privately negotiated
transactions with a limited number of purchasers or in a public offering
registered under the 1933 Act. Considerable delay could be encountered in
either event and, unless otherwise contractually provided for, the Fund's
proceeds upon sale may be reduced by the costs of registration or
underwriting discounts. The difficulties and delays associated with such
transactions could result in the Fund's inability to realize a favorable
price upon disposition of unregistered securities, and at times might make
disposition of such securities impossible. See "Risk Factors and Special
Considerations — Risks of Investing in the Fund — Illiquid
Securities."
|
|
Foreign Securities
Risk. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets
in foreign securities. The Fund may also
purchase sponsored American Depository Receipts ("ADRs") or U.S.
denominated securities of foreign issuers, which will not be included in
the Fund's 25% foreign securities limitation. Investing in
securities of foreign companies (or foreign governments), which are
generally denominated in foreign currencies, may involve certain risks and
opportunities not typically associated with investing in domestic
companies and could cause the Fund to be affected favorably or unfavorably
by changes in currency exchange rates and revaluation of currencies. See
"Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Risks of Investing in the Fund
— Foreign Securities Risk."
|
|
Smaller
Companies. While the Fund intends to focus on the
securities of established suppliers of accepted products and services, the
Fund may also invest in smaller companies which may benefit from the
development of new products and services. These smaller companies may
present greater opportunities for capital appreciation, and may also
involve greater investment risk than larger, more established companies.
For example, smaller companies may have more limited product lines, market
or financial resources, and their securities may trade less frequently and
in lower volume than the securities of larger, more established companies.
As a result, the prices of the securities of such smaller companies may
fluctuate to a greater degree than the prices of securities of other
issuers. See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Risks of Investing
in the Fund — Smaller Companies."
|
|
Investment
Companies. The Fund may invest in the securities of
other investment companies to the extent permitted by law. To the extent
the Fund invests in the common equity of investment companies, the Fund
will bear its ratable share of any such investment company's expenses,
including management fees. The Fund will also remain obligated to pay
management fees to the Investment Adviser with respect to the assets
invested in the securities of other investment companies. In these
circumstances, holders of the Fund's common shares will be subject to
duplicative investment expenses. See "Risk Factors and Special
Considerations — Risks of Investing in the Fund — Investment
Companies."
|
|
Derivative
Transactions. The Fund may participate in certain
derivative transactions. Such transactions entail certain execution,
market, liquidity, hedging and tax risks. Participation in the options or
futures markets and in currency exchange transactions involves investment
risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent
the use of these strategies. If the Investment Adviser's
prediction of movements in the direction of the securities, foreign
currency or interest rate markets is inaccurate, the consequences to the
Fund may leave the Fund in a worse position than if it had not used such
strategies. See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Risks of
Investing in the Fund — Special Risks of Derivative
Transactions."
|
|
Interest Rate
Transactions. The Fund may enter into an interest rate
swap or cap transaction with respect to all or a portion of its
outstanding Series C Auction Rate Preferred or any future series of
variable rate preferred shares. The use of interest rate swaps
and caps is a highly specialized activity that involves certain risks to
the Fund
|
|
including,
among others, counterparty risk and early termination risk. The
Fund will enter into an interest rate swap or cap transaction only with
counterparties that the Investment Adviser believes are
creditworthy. Further, the Investment Adviser monitors the
creditworthiness of a counterparty in an interest rate swap or cap
transaction on an ongoing basis. See "Risk Factors and Special
Considerations — Risks of Investing in the Fund — Interest Rate
Transactions."
|
|
Loans of Portfolio
Securities. The Fund may seek to earn income by lending
portfolio securities to broker-dealers or other institutional borrowers.
As with other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery
or even loss of rights in the securities loaned if the borrower of the
securities violates the terms of the loan or fails financially. The Fund
currently does not intend to lend securities representing more than 33% of
its total net assets. See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Risks
of Investing in the Fund — Loans of Portfolio Securities."
|
|
Management
Risk. The Fund is subject to management risk because it
is an actively managed portfolio. The Investment Adviser will apply
investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for
the Fund, but there can be no guarantee that these will produce the
desired results. See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Risks of
Investing in the Fund — Management Risk."
|
|
Dependence on Key
Personnel. The Investment Adviser is dependent upon the
expertise of Mr. Mario J. Gabelli in providing advisory services with
respect to the Fund's investments. If the Investment Adviser were to lose
the services of Mr. Gabelli, its ability to service the Fund could be
adversely affected. There can be no assurance that a suitable replacement
could be found for Mr. Gabelli in the event of his death, resignation,
retirement or inability to act on behalf of the Investment Adviser. See
"Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Risks of Investing in the Fund
— Dependence on Key Personnel."
|
|
Anti-Takeover
Provisions. The Fund's Governing Documents (as defined
herein) include provisions that could limit the ability of other entities
or persons to acquire control of the Fund or convert the Fund to an
open-end fund. See "Anti-Takeover Provisions of the Fund's Governing
Documents."
|
|
The
Fund has elected and has qualified for, and intends to remain qualified
for, federal income tax purposes as a regulated investment company.
Qualification requires, among other things, compliance by the Fund with
certain distribution requirements. Statutory limitations on distributions
on the common shares if the Fund fails to satisfy the 1940 Act's asset
coverage requirements could jeopardize the Fund's ability to meet such
distribution requirements. The Fund presently intends, however, to
purchase or redeem preferred shares to the extent necessary in order to
maintain compliance with such asset coverage requirements. See "Taxation"
for a more complete discussion of these and other federal income tax
considerations.
|
Management
and Fees
|
Gabelli
Funds, LLC serves as the Fund's investment adviser and is compensated for
its services and its related expenses at an annual rate of 1.00% of the
Fund's average daily net assets. The Investment Adviser is
responsible for administration of the Fund and currently utilizes and pays
the fees of a third party administrator. The fee paid by
the Fund may be
higher when leverage in the form of preferred shares is utilized, giving
the Investment Adviser an incentive to utilize such leverage. However, the
Investment Adviser has agreed to reduce the management fee on the
incremental assets attributable to the currently outstanding preferred
shares during the fiscal year if the total return of the net asset value
of the common shares of the Fund, including distributions and advisory
fees subject to reduction for that year, does not exceed the stated
dividend rate or corresponding swap rate of each particular series of
currently outstanding preferred shares for the period. In other
words, if the effective cost of the leverage for any series of currently
outstanding preferred shares exceeds the total return (based on net asset
value) on the Fund's common shares, the Investment Adviser will waive that
portion of its management fee on the incremental assets attributable to
the leverage for that series of currently outstanding preferred shares to
mitigate the negative impact of the leverage on the common shareholder's
total return. This fee waiver is voluntary and may be
|
|
discontinued
at any time. The Fund's total return on the net asset value of
the common shares is monitored on a monthly basis to assess whether the
total return on the net asset value of the common shares exceeds the
stated dividend rate or corresponding swap rate of each particular series
of currently outstanding preferred shares for the period. The
test to confirm the accrual of the management fee on the assets
attributable to each particular series of currently outstanding preferred
shares is annual. The Fund will accrue for the management fee on these
assets during the fiscal year if it appears probable that the Fund will
incur the management fee on those additional assets.
For
the year ended December 31, 2007, the Fund's total return on the net asset
value of the common shares did not exceed the stated dividend rate or net
swap expense of all currently outstanding preferred shares. Thus,
management fees with respect to the liquidation value of the currently
outstanding preferred share assets were reduced by
$497,700.
|
|
A
discussion regarding the basis for the Board's approval of the
continuation of the investment advisory contract of the Fund is available
in the Fund's annual report to shareholders dated December 31,
2007.
|
Repurchase
of Common Shares
|
The
Fund is authorized to repurchase up to 500,000 of its common shares in the
open market when the common shares are trading at a discount of 10% or
more (or such other percentage as the Fund's Board may determine from time
to time) from the net asset value of the shares. Although
the Board has authorized such repurchases, the Fund is not required to
repurchase its common shares. Such repurchases are subject to
certain notice and other requirements under the 1940
Act. Through March 31, 2008, the Fund has repurchased in the
open market 305,200 of its common shares under this
authorization. See "Repurchase of Shares."
|
Anti-takeover
Provisions
|
Certain
provisions of the Fund's charter (the "Charter") and by-laws (the
"By-Laws") (collectively, the "Governing Documents"), may be regarded as
"anti-takeover" provisions. Pursuant to these provisions, only one of
three classes of directors is elected each year, and the affirmative vote
of the holders of 75% of the outstanding shares of the Fund and the vote
of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the holders of preferred
shares voting as a single class, are necessary to authorize the conversion
of the Fund from
|
|
a
closed-end to an open-end investment company. The overall effect of these
provisions is to render more difficult the accomplishment of a merger
with, or the assumption of control by, a principal shareholder. These
provisions may have the effect of depriving Fund common shareholders of an
opportunity to sell their shares at a premium to the prevailing market
price. See "Anti-Takeover Provisions of the Fund's Governing
Documents."
|
Custodian,
Transfer Agent, Auction Agent and Dividend Disbursing Agent
|
State
Street Bank and Trust Company ("State Street" or the "Custodian"), located
at 1776 Heritage Drive, North Quincy, Massachusetts 02171, serves as the
custodian of the Fund's assets pursuant to a custody agreement. Under the
custody agreement, the Custodian holds the Fund's assets in compliance
with the 1940 Act. For its services, the Custodian receives a monthly fee
based upon, among other things, the average value of the total assets of
the Fund, plus certain charges for securities transactions.
|
|
Computershare
Trust Company, N.A. ("Computershare"), located at 250 Royall Street,
Canton, Massachusetts 02021, serves as the Fund's dividend disbursing
agent, as agent under the Fund's automatic dividend reinvestment and
voluntary cash purchase plan, and as transfer agent and registrar with
respect to the common shares of the Fund.
Computershare
also serves as the transfer agent, registrar, dividend paying agent and
redemption agent with respect to the Series B Preferred.
The
Bank of New York, located at 100 Church Street, New York, New York 10286,
serves as the auction agent, transfer agent, registrar, dividend paying
agent and redemption agent with respect to the Series C Auction Rate
Preferred.
|
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The
selected data below sets forth the per share operating performance and
ratios for the periods presented. The financial information was derived
from and should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements of
the Fund and Notes thereto, which are incorporated by reference into this
prospectus and the SAI. The financial information for the year ended
December 31, 2007, and for each of the four preceding fiscal periods, has
been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers,
LLP , the Fund's independent
registered public accounting firm, whose unqualified report on such
Financial Statements is incorporated by reference into the SAI.
|
Selected
data for a common share
outstanding
throughout each period:
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
Operating
Performance:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain on investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
from investment operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions
to Preferred Shareholders: (a)
Net
investment income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain on investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
distributions to preferred stock shareholders
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Increase in Net Assets
Attributable to Common
Shareholders Resulting from Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions
to Common Shareholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain on investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Return
of capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
distributions to common shareholders
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund
Share Transactions:
Increase
in net asset value from common share transactions (g)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase
in net asset value from repurchase of preferred shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Offering
costs for preferred shares charged to paid-in capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
fund share transactions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value
Attributable to Common
Shareholders, End of Period
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NAV total return t
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Market
value, end of period
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment total return tt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratios
and Supplemental Data:
Net
assets including liquidation value of preferred shares, end of period (in
000's)
|
|
$149,360
|
|
$152,158
|
|
$145,324
|
|
$147,202
|
|
$151,658
|
Net
assets attributable to common shares, end of period (in
000's)
|
|
$99,590
|
|
$102,388
|
|
$
95,554
|
|
$
97,432
|
|
$101,658
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets attributable to common
shares before preferred share distributions
|
|
4.90%
|
|
5.51%
|
|
4.93%
|
|
4.41%
|
|
3.47%
|
Ratio
of operating expenses to average net assets attributable to common shares
before fees waived
|
|
2.23%
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
Ratio
of operating expenses to average net assets attributable to common shares
net of advisory fee reduction, if any
|
|
1.75%(e)(f)
|
|
2.07%(e)(f)
|
|
1.92%(f)
|
|
1.61%
|
|
1.93%
|
Ratio
of operating expenses to average total net assets including liquidation
value of preferred shares before fees waived
|
|
1.51%
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
Ratio
of operating expenses to average net assets including liquidation value of
preferred shares net of advisory fee reduction, if any
|
|
1.18%(e)(f)
|
|
1.37%(e)(f)
|
|
1.27%(f)
|
|
1.07%
|
|
1.37%
|
Portfolio
turnover rate
|
|
61%
|
|
51%
|
|
32%
|
|
57%
|
|
39%
|
|
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred
Stock:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00%
Series B Cumulative Preferred Stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liquidation
value, end of period (in 000's)
|
|
$
24,770
|
|
$ 24,770
|
|
$ 24,770
|
|
$ 24,770
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
Total
shares outstanding (in 000's)
|
|
991
|
|
991
|
|
991
|
|
991
|
|
1,000
|
|
Liquidation
preference per share
|
|
$
25.00
|
|
$
25.00
|
|
$
25.00
|
|
$
25.00
|
|
$
25.00
|
|
Average
market value (b)
|
|
$
24.07
|
|
$
24.10
|
|
$
25.14
|
|
$
24.90
|
|
$
25.33
|
|
Asset
coverage per share
|
|
$
75.02
|
|
$
76.43
|
|
$
73.00
|
|
$
73.93
|
|
$
75.83
|
|
Auction Rate
Series C Cumulative
Preferred Stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liquidation
value, end of period (in 000's)
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
Total
shares outstanding (in 000's)
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
Liquidation
preference per share
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
Average
market value (b)
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
$ 25,000
|
|
Asset
coverage per share
|
|
$ 75,025
|
|
$ 76,431
|
|
$ 72,998
|
|
$ 73,941
|
|
$ 75,829
|
|
Asset
Coverage (c)
|
|
300%
|
|
306%
|
|
292%
|
|
296%
|
|
303%
|
_____________________________
†
|
Based
on net asset value per share, adjusted for reinvestment of distributions
at prices dependent under the Fund's dividend reinvestment
plan.
|
††
|
Based
on market value per share, adjusted for reinvestment of distributions at
prices dependent under the Fund's dividend reinvestment plan.
|
(a)
|
Calculated based upon average common shares
outstanding on the record dates throughout the
periods.
|
(b)
|
Based
on weekly prices.
|
(c)
|
Asset
coverage is
calculated by combining all series of preferred stock .
|
(d)
|
Amount
represents less than
$0.005 per share.
|
(e)
|
The
ratios do not include a reduction of expenses for custodian fee credits on
cash balances maintained with the custodian. Including such custodian fee
credits for the
fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the ratios of
operating expenses to average net assets attributable to common shares net
of advisory fee reduction would have been 1.74% and 2.05%, respectively,
and the ratios of operating expenses to average net assets including
liquidation value of preferred shares would have been 1.17% and 1.37%,
respectively. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, the effect of
the custodian fee credits was minimal.
|
(f)
|
The
Fund incurred dividend expense on securities sold short for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2006. If dividend expense had not been incurred,
the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets attributable to
common shares would have been 2.06% and the ratio of operating expenses to
average net assets including liquidation value of preferred shares would
have been 1.37%. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the effect
of the dividend expense on securities sold short was minimal.
|
(g)
|
Increase
in net asset value from common share transactions reflects
the accretive effect of the issuance of common shares at prices
above net asset value as part of the Fund's dividend
reinvestment plan when such shares are trading at a premium to net asset
value on the reinvestment date. |
USE
OF PROCEEDS
The
Investment Adviser expects that it will initially invest the proceeds of the
offering in high quality short-term income securities and
instruments. The Investment Adviser anticipates that the investment
of the proceeds will be made in accordance with the Fund's investment objective
and policies as appropriate investment opportunities are identified, which is
expected to substantially be completed within three months; however, changes in
market conditions could result in the Fund's anticipated investment period
extending to as long as six months.
THE
FUND
The
Fund was incorporated in Maryland on December 19, 1988 as an open-end,
diversified, management investment company, and converted to closed-end status
after receiving shareholder approval of its Charter on February 21, 1995 and
filing its Charter in Maryland on March 31, 1995. The Fund's
principal office is located at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
Investment
Objective
The
investment objective of the Fund is to seek a high level of total return on its
assets. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through a combination
of current income and capital appreciation. There is no assurance that this
objective will be achieved. It is, however, a fundamental policy of the Fund and
cannot be changed without stockholder approval.
Under
normal circumstances the Fund will invest at least 80% of the value of its total
assets (taken at current value) in "convertible securities," i.e., securities
(bonds, debentures, notes, stocks and other similar securities) that are
convertible into common stock or other equity securities, and "income
securities," i.e., nonconvertible debt or equity securities having a history of
regular payments or accrual of income to holders. Securities received
upon conversion of a convertible security will not be included in the
calculation of the percentage of Fund assets invested in convertible securities
but may be retained in the Fund's portfolio to permit orderly disposition or to
establish long-term holding periods for federal income tax purposes. The Fund
expects to continue its practice of focusing on convertible securities to the
extent attractive opportunities are available. We cannot assure you
that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund may invest up to 20% of its total assets (taken at current value and
subject to any restrictions appearing elsewhere in this Registration Statement)
in any combination and quantity of securities that do not generate any income,
such as common stocks that do not pay dividends. In selecting any of the
foregoing securities for investment, the factors that will be considered by the
Investment Adviser include the Investment Adviser's evaluation of the underlying
value of the assets and business of the issuers of the securities, the potential
for capital appreciation, the price of the securities, the issuer's balance
sheet characteristics and the perceived skills and integrity of the issuer's
management.
During
periods when it is deemed necessary for temporary defensive purposes, the Fund
may invest without limit in high quality money market instruments, including
commercial paper of domestic and foreign corporations, certificates of deposit,
bankers' acceptances and other obligations of domestic and foreign banks and
obligations issued or guaranteed by the United States government, its
instrumentalities or agencies and, subject to statutory limitations,
unaffiliated money market mutual funds, unless an exemptive order permits the
Fund to invest in affiliated money market funds. The yield on these securities
will, as a general matter, tend to be lower than the yield on other securities
to be purchased by the Fund. See " — Investment
Practices — Temporary
Defensive Investments."
Investment
Methodology of the Fund
In
selecting securities for the Fund, the Investment Adviser normally will consider
the following factors, among others:
|
·
|
the
Investment Adviser's own evaluations of the private market value (as
defined below), cash flow, earnings per share and other fundamental
aspects of the underlying assets and business of the company;
|
|
·
|
the
interest or dividend income generated by the securities;
|
|
·
|
the
potential for capital appreciation of the securities and any underlying
common stocks;
|
|
·
|
the
prices of the securities relative to other comparable
securities;
|
|
·
|
the
prices of the securities relative to any underlying common
stock;
|
|
·
|
whether
the securities are entitled to the benefits of sinking funds or other
protective conditions or covenants;
|
|
·
|
the
existence of any anti-dilution protections or guarantees of the security;
and
|
|
·
|
the
diversification of the Fund's portfolio as to issuers.
|
The
Investment Adviser's investment philosophy with respect to equity and debt
securities is to identify assets that are selling in the public market at a
discount to their private market value. The Investment Adviser
defines private market value as the value informed purchasers are willing to pay
to acquire assets with similar characteristics. The Investment
Adviser also normally evaluates an issuer's free cash flow and long-term
earnings trends. Finally, the Investment Adviser looks for a
catalyst, something indigenous to the company, its industry or country that will
surface additional value.
Certain
Investment Practices
Convertible
Securities. A convertible
security is a bond, debenture, note, stock or other similar security that may be
converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock or other
equity security of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of
time at a specified price or formula. Before conversion, convertible
securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible debt securities in
that they ordinarily provide a stream of income with generally higher yields
than those of common stock of the same or similar
issuers. Convertible securities are senior in rank to common stock in
a corporation's capital structure and, therefore, generally entail less risk
than the corporation's common stock, although the extent to which such risk is
reduced depends in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible
security sells above its value as a fixed income security.
The
Fund believes that the characteristics of convertible securities make them
appropriate investments for an investment company seeking a high level of total
return on its assets. These characteristics include the potential for
capital appreciation if the value of the underlying common stock increases, the
relatively high yield received from dividend or interest payments as compared to
common stock dividends and decreased risks of decline in value, relative to the
underlying common stock due to their fixed income nature. As a result
of the conversion feature, however, the interest rate or dividend preference on
a convertible security is generally less than would be the case if the
securities were not convertible. During periods of rising interest
rates, it is possible that the potential for capital gain on a convertible
security may be less than that of a common stock equivalent if the yield on the
convertible security is at a level that causes it to sell at a
discount.
Every
convertible security may be valued, on a theoretical basis, as if it did not
have a conversion privilege. This theoretical value is determined by
the yield it provides in comparison with the yields of other securities of
comparable character and quality that do not have a conversion
privilege. This theoretical value, which may change with prevailing
interest rates, the credit rating of the issuer and other pertinent factors,
often referred to as the "investment value," represents the security's
theoretical price support level.
"Conversion
value" is the amount a convertible security would be worth in market value if it
were to be exchanged for the underlying equity security pursuant to its
conversion privilege. Conversion value fluctuates directly with the
price of the underlying equity security, usually common stock. If,
because of low prices for the common stock, the conversion value is
substantially below the investment value, the price of the convertible security
is governed principally by the factors described in the preceding
paragraph. If the conversion value rises near or above its investment
value, the price of the convertible security generally will rise above its
investment value and, in addition, will sell at some premium over its conversion
value. This premium represents the price investors are willing to pay
for the privilege of purchasing a fixed-income security with a possibility of
capital appreciation due to the conversion privilege. Accordingly,
the conversion value of a convertible security is subject to equity risk, that
is, the risk that the price of an equity security will fall due to general
market and economic conditions, perceptions regarding the industry in which the
issuer participates or the issuing company's particular
circumstances. If the appreciation potential of a convertible
security is not realized, its conversion value premium may not be
recovered.
In
its selection of convertible securities for the Fund, the Investment Adviser
will not emphasize either investment value or conversion value, but will
consider both in light of the Fund's overall investment
objective. See "Convertible Securities" in the Statement of
Additional Information. The Fund may convert a convertible security
that it holds:
|
·
|
when
necessary to permit orderly disposition of the investment when a
convertible security approaches maturity or has been called for
redemption;
|
|
·
|
to
facilitate a sale of the position;
|
|
·
|
if
the dividend rate on the underlying common stock increases above the yield
on the convertible security; or
|
|
·
|
whenever
the Investment Adviser believes it is otherwise in the best interests of
the Fund.
|
Convertible
securities are generally not investment grade, that is, not rated within the
four highest categories by S&P and Moody's. To the extent that
such convertible securities and other nonconvertible debt securities, which are
acquired by the Fund consistent with the factors considered by the Investment
Adviser as described in this P rospectus, are rated lower than investment
grade or are not rated, there would be a greater risk as to the timely repayment
of the principal of, and timely payment of interest or dividends on, those
securities. It is expected that not more than 50% of the Fund's
portfolio will consist of securities rated CCC or lower by S&P or Caa or
lower by Moody's or, if unrated, are of comparable quality as determined by the
Investment Adviser. Those securities and securities rated BB or lower
by S&P or Ba or lower by Moody's are often referred to in the financial
press as "junk bonds" and may include securities of issuers in
default. "Junk bonds" are considered by the rating agencies to be
predominantly speculative and may involve major risk exposure to adverse
conditions. See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Asset
Class Risks." Securities rated BBB by S&P or Baa by Moody's, in the opinion
of the rating agencies, also have speculative
characteristics. Securities need not meet a minimum rating standard
in order to be acceptable for investment by the Fund. See Appendix A
to this prospectus.
The
Fund's investments in securities of issuers in default will be limited to not
more than 5% of the total assets of the Fund. Further, the Fund will
invest in securities of issuers in default only when the Investment Adviser
believes that such issuers will emerge from bankruptcy and the value of such
securities will appreciate. By investing in securities of issuers in
default the Fund bears the risk that such issuers will not emerge from
bankruptcy or that the value of such securities will not
appreciate.
The
Fund has no independent limit on the amount of its net assets it may invest in
unregistered and otherwise illiquid securities and other
investments. The current intention of the Investment Adviser is not
to invest in excess of 15% of the Fund's net assets in illiquid convertible
securities or income securities. Common stockholders will be notified
if the Investment Adviser changes its intention. Investments in
unregistered or otherwise illiquid securities entail certain risks related to
the fact that they cannot be sold publicly in the United States without
registration under the Securities Act. See "Risk Factors and Special
Considerations — Asset Class Risks."
Income
Securities. Although it is
the Fund's policy to invest in convertible securities to the extent attractive
opportunities are available, the Fund may also invest in income securities other
than convertible securities that are expected to periodically accrue or generate
income for their holders. Such income securities include (i) fixed
income securities such as bonds, debentures, notes, stock, short-term discounted
Treasury Bills or certain securities of the U.S. government sponsored
instrumentalities, as well as money market mutual funds that invest in those
securities, which, in the absence of an applicable exemptive order, will not be
affiliated with the Investment Adviser, and (ii) common stocks of issuers that
have historically paid periodic dividends. Fixed income securities
obligate the issuer to pay to the holder of the security a specified return,
which may be either fixed or reset periodically in accordance with the terms of
the security. Fixed income securities generally are senior to an
issuer's common stock and their holders generally are entitled to receive
amounts due before any distributions are made to common
stockholders. Common stocks, on the other hand, generally do not
obligate an issuer to make periodic distributions to holders.
The
market value of fixed income securities, especially those that provide a fixed
rate of return, may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates
and in general is affected by the credit rating of the issuer, the issuer's
performance and perceptions of the issuer in the market place. The
market value of callable or redeemable fixed income securities may also be
affected by the issuer's call and redemption rights. In addition, it
is possible that the issuer of fixed income securities may not be able to meet
its interest or principal obligations to holders. Further, holders of
non-convertible fixed income securities do not participate in any capital
appreciation of the issuer.
The
Fund may also invest in obligations of government sponsored
instrumentalities. Unlike non-U.S. government securities,
obligations of certain agencies and instrumentalities of the
U.S. government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association, are
supported by the "full faith and credit" of the U.S. government; others,
such as those of the Export-Import Bank of the U.S., are supported by the right
of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of
the Federal National Mortgage Association, are supported by the discretionary
authority of the U.S. government to purchase the agency's obligations; and
still others, such as those of the Student Loan Marketing Association, are
supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. No assurance can
be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support to
U.S. government sponsored instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so
by law.
The
Fund also may invest in common stock of issuers that have historically paid
periodic dividends or otherwise made distributions to common
stockholders. Unlike fixed income securities, dividend payments
generally are not guaranteed and so may be discontinued by the issuer at its
discretion or because of the issuer's inability to satisfy its
liabilities. Further, an issuer's history of paying dividends does
not guarantee that it will continue to pay dividends in the
future. In addition to dividends, under certain circumstances the
holders of common stock may benefit from the capital appreciation of the
issuer.
Common
stocks represent the residual ownership interest in the issuer and holders of
common stock are entitled to the income and increase in the value of the assets
and business of the issuer after all of its debt obligations and obligations to
preferred shareholders are satisfied. Common stocks generally have
voting rights. Common stocks fluctuate in price in response to many
factors including historical and prospective earnings of the issuer, the value
of its assets, general economic conditions, interest rates, investor perceptions
and market liquidity.
Securities
Subject to Reorganization. Subject to the
requirement of investing at least 80% of its assets in convertible or income
securities, the Fund may invest without limit in securities of companies for
which a tender or exchange offer has been made or announced and in securities of
companies for which a merger, consolidation, liquidation or reorganization
proposal has been announced if, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser, there
is a reasonable prospect of high total return significantly greater than the
brokerage and other transaction expenses involved.
In
general, securities which are the subject of such an offer or proposal sell at a
premium to their historic market price immediately prior to the announcement of
the offer or may also discount what the stated or appraised value of the
security would be if the contemplated transaction were approved or
consummated. Such investments may be advantageous when the discount
significantly overstates the risk of the contingencies involved; significantly
undervalues the securities, assets or cash to be received by shareholders of the
prospective portfolio company as a result of the contemplated transaction; or
fails adequately to recognize the possibility that the offer or proposal may be
replaced or superseded by an offer or proposal of greater value. The
evaluation of such contingencies requires unusually broad knowledge and
experience on the part of the Investment Adviser which must appraise not only
the value of the issuer and its component businesses and the assets or
securities to be received as a result of the contemplated transaction but also
the financial resources and business motivation of the offeror and the dynamics
and business climate when the offer or proposal is in process. The
Investment Adviser has experience investing in securities subject to
reorganization as a secondary strategy, and has advised a registered open-end
fund since May 1993 and a registered closed-end fund since January 2007 which
from time to time use risk arbitrage as a principal investment
strategy. Since such investments are ordinarily short-term in nature,
they will tend to increase the turnover ratio of the Fund, thereby increasing
its brokerage and other transaction expenses. The Investment Adviser
intends to select investments of this type which, in its view, have a reasonable
prospect of capital appreciation which is significant in relation to both risk
involved and the potential of available alternative investments.
Temporary
Defensive Investments. Under normal
market conditions at least 80% of the value of the Fund's total assets (taken at
current value) will be invested in "convertible securities," i.e., securities
(bonds, debentures, notes, stocks and other similar securities) that are
convertible into common stock or other equity securities, and "income
securities," i.e., nonconvertible debt or equity securities having a history of
regular payments or accrual of income to holders. However, when a
temporary defensive posture is believed by the Investment Adviser to be
warranted ("temporary defensive periods"), the Fund may invest more heavily in
securities of U.S. government sponsored instrumentalities and in money
market mutual funds that invest in those securities, which, in the absence of an
exemptive order, are not affiliated with the Investment
Adviser. Obligations of certain agencies and instrumentalities of the
U.S. government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association, are
supported by the "full faith and credit" of the U.S. government; others,
such as those of the Export-Import Bank of the U.S., are supported by the right
of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of
the Federal National Mortgage Association, are supported by the discretionary
authority of the U.S. government to purchase the agency's obligations; and
still others, such as those of the Student Loan Marketing Association, are
supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. No assurance can
be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support to
U.S. government sponsored instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so
by law. During temporary defensive periods, the Fund may be less
likely to achieve its investment objective. See "Management of the
Fund — General."
Options. The
Fund may, subject to guidelines of the Board, purchase or sell (i.e., write)
options on securities, securities indices and foreign currencies that are listed
on a national securities exchange or in the U.S. over-the-counter ("OTC")
markets as a means of achieving additional return or of hedging the value of the
Fund's portfolio. The Fund may write covered call options on common
stock that it owns or has an immediate right to acquire through conversion or
exchange of other securities in an amount not to exceed 25% of total assets or
invest up to 10% of its total assets in the purchase of put options on common
stocks that the Fund owns or may acquire through the conversion or exchange of
other securities that it owns. The Fund may not write covered call
options in an amount exceeding 25% of the value of its total
assets. The Fund's investment in OTC options is limited to 5% of its
total assets.
A
call option is a contract that, in return for a premium, gives the holder of the
option the right to buy from the writer of the call option the security or
currency underlying the option at a specified exercise price at any time during
the term of the option. The writer of the call option has the
obligation, upon exercise of the option, to deliver the underlying security or
currency upon payment of the exercise price during the option
period. A put option is the reverse of a call option, giving the
holder the right, in return for a premium, to sell the underlying security to
the writer, at a specified price, and obligating the writer to purchase the
underlying security from the holder at that price.
If
the Fund has written an option, it may terminate its obligation by effecting a
closing purchase transaction. This is accomplished by purchasing an
option of the same series as the option previously written. However,
once the Fund has been assigned an exercise notice, the Fund will be unable to
effect a closing purchase transaction. Similarly, if the Fund is the
holder of an option it may liquidate its position by effecting a closing sale
transaction. This is accomplished by selling an option of the same
series as the option previously purchased. There can be no assurance
that either a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when the Fund
so desires.
The
Fund will realize a profit from a closing transaction if the price of the
transaction is less than the premium received from writing the option or is more
than the premium paid to purchase the option; the Fund will realize a loss from
a closing transaction if the price of the transaction is more than the premium
received from writing the option or is less than the premium paid to purchase
the option. Since call option prices generally reflect increases in
the price of the underlying security, any loss resulting from the repurchase of
a call option may also be wholly or partially offset by unrealized appreciation
of the underlying security. Other principal factors affecting the
market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest
rates, the current market price and price volatility of the underlying security
and the time remaining until the expiration date. Gains and losses on
investments in options depend, in part, on the ability of the Investment Adviser
to predict correctly the effect of these factors. The use of options
cannot serve as a complete hedge since the price movement of securities
underlying the options will not necessarily follow the price movements of the
portfolio securities subject to the hedge.
An
option position may be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary
market for an option of the same series or in a private
transaction. Although the Fund will generally purchase or write only
those options for which there appears to be an active secondary market, there is
no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for any
particular option. In such event, it might not be possible to effect
closing transactions in particular options, so that the Fund would have to
exercise its options in order to realize any profit and would incur brokerage
commissions upon the exercise of call options and upon the subsequent
disposition of underlying securities for the exercise of put
options.
Although
the Investment Adviser will attempt to take appropriate measures to minimize the
risks relating to the Fund's writing of put and call options, there can be no
assurance that the Fund will succeed in any option-writing program it
undertakes.
The
Fund will not purchase options if, as a result, the aggregate cost of all
outstanding options exceed 10% of the Fund's total assets.
Futures Contracts
and Options on Futures. The Fund may purchase and
sell financial futures contracts and options thereon which are traded on a
commodities exchange or board of trade for certain hedging, yield enhancement
and risk management purposes, in accordance with regulations of the Commodity
Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"). A financial futures contract is
an agreement to purchase or sell an agreed amount of securities or currencies at
a set price for delivery in the future. These futures contracts and
related options may be on debt securities, financial indices, securities
indices, U.S. government securities and foreign currencies. Under the
CFTC regulations, the Fund (i) may purchase and sell futures contracts and
options thereon for bona fide hedging purposes, as defined under CFTC
regulations, without regard to the percentage of the Fund's assets
committed to margin and option premiums, and (ii) may enter into non-hedging
transactions, provided that, immediately thereafter, the sum of the amount of
the initial margin deposits on the Fund's existing futures positions and option
premiums does not exceed 5% of the market value of the Fund's total
assets.
Forward Foreign
Currency Exchange Contracts. Subject to
guidelines of the Board, the Fund may enter into forward foreign currency
exchange contracts to protect the value of its portfolio against uncertainty in
the level of future currency exchange rates. The Fund may enter into
such contracts on a spot ( i.e., cash ) basis at the rate then
prevailing in the currency exchange market or on a forward basis, by entering
into a forward contract to purchase or sell currency. A forward
contract on foreign currency is an obligation to purchase or sell a specific
currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days agreed upon by
the parties from the date of the contract at a price set on the date of the
contract. The Fund expects to invest in forward currency contracts
for hedging or currency risk management purposes and not in order to speculate
on currency exchange rate movements, and the amount the Fund may invest in
forward currency contracts is limited to the amount of its aggregate investments
in foreign currencies. The Fund will only enter into forward currency
contracts with parties which it believes to be creditworthy.
When Issued,
Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments. The Fund
may enter into forward commitments for the purchase or sale of securities,
including on a "when issued" or "delayed delivery" basis, in excess of customary
settlement periods for the type of security involved. In some cases,
a forward commitment may be conditioned upon the occurrence of a subsequent
event, such as approval and consummation of a merger, corporate reorganization
or debt restructuring, i.e., a when, as and if issued security. When
such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at the time of the
commitment, with payment and delivery taking place in the future, generally a
month or more after the date of the commitment. While it will only
enter into a forward commitment with the intention of actually acquiring the
security, the Fund may sell the security before the settlement date if it is
deemed advisable. Securities purchased under a forward commitment are
subject to market fluctuation, and no interest (or dividends) accrues to the
Fund prior to the settlement date. The Fund will maintain a
segregated account of cash or liquid high-grade debt securities with the Fund's
custodian in an aggregate at least equal to the amount of its forward
commitments as long as the obligation to purchase continues.
Short Sales
Against the Box. The Fund may
from time to time make short sales of securities it owns or has the right to
acquire through conversion or exchange of other securities it owns. A
short sale is "against the box" to the extent that the Fund contemporaneously
owns or has the right to obtain at no added cost securities identical to those
sold short. In a short sale, the Fund does not immediately deliver
the securities sold or receive the proceeds from the sale. The Fund
may not make short sales or maintain a short position if it would cause more
than 25% of the Fund's total assets, taken at market value, to be held as
collateral for such sales.
To
secure its obligations to deliver the securities sold short, the Fund will
deposit in escrow in a separate account with its custodian an equal amount to
the securities sold short or securities convertible into, or exchangeable for,
such securities. The Fund may close out a short position by
purchasing and delivering an equal amount of the securities sold short, rather
than by delivering securities already held by the Fund, because the Fund may
want to continue to receive interest and dividend payments on securities in its
portfolio that are convertible into the securities sold short.
The
Fund may make a short sale in order to hedge against market risks when it
believes that the price of a security may decline, causing a decline in the
value of a security owned by the Fund or a security convertible into, or
exchangeable for, such security, or when the Fund does not want to sell the
security it owns. Such short sale transactions may be subject to
special tax rules, one of the effects of which may be to accelerate income to
the Fund. Additionally, the Fund may use short sales in conjunction
with the purchase of a convertible security when it is determined that a
convertible security can be bought at a small conversion premium and has a yield
advantage relative to the underlying common stock sold short.
Repurchase Agreements. The
Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with primary government securities
dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and member banks of
the Federal Reserve System that furnish collateral at least equal in value or
market price to the amount of their repurchase obligation. Repurchase
agreements may be seen as loans by the Fund collateralized by underlying debt
securities. Under the terms of a typical repurchase agreement, the
Fund would acquire an underlying debt obligation for a relatively short period
(usually not more than one week) subject to an obligation of the seller to
repurchase, and the Fund to resell, the obligation at an agreed price and
time. This arrangement results in a fixed rate of return to the Fund
that is not subject to market fluctuations during the holding
period. The Fund bears a risk of loss in the event that the other
party to a repurchase agreement defaults on its obligations and the Fund is
delayed in or prevented from exercising its rights to dispose of the collateral
securities, including the risk of a possible decline in the value of the
underlying securities during the period in which it seeks to assert these
rights. The Investment Adviser, acting under the supervision of the
Board, reviews the creditworthiness of those banks and dealers with which the
Fund enters into repurchase agreements to evaluate these risks and monitors on
an ongoing basis the value of the securities subject to repurchase agreements to
ensure that the value is maintained at the required level.
Restricted and Illiquid Securities. The
Fund may invest in securities for which there is no readily available trading
market or are otherwise illiquid. Illiquid securities include securities legally
restricted as to resale, such as commercial paper issued pursuant to Section
4(2) of the 1933 Act and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A
thereunder. Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may, however, be
treated as liquid by the Investment Adviser pursuant to procedures adopted by
the Board, which require consideration of factors such as trading activity,
availability of market quotations and number of dealers willing to purchase the
security. If the Fund invests in Rule 144A securities, the level of
portfolio illiquidity may be increased to the extent that eligible buyers become
uninterested in purchasing such securities.
It
may be difficult to sell such securities at a price representing the fair value
until such time as such securities may be sold publicly. Where
registration is required, a considerable period may elapse between a decision to
sell the securities and the time when it would be permitted to
sell. Thus, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price
as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. The Fund may
also acquire securities through private placements under which it may agree to
contractual restrictions on the resale of such securities. Such
restrictions might prevent their sale at a time when such sale would otherwise
be desirable.
Foreign Securities. The
Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers,
which are generally denominated in foreign currencies. See "Risk
Factors and Special Considerations — Risks of Investing in the Fund — Foreign
Securities."
The
Fund may purchase sponsored ADRs or U.S. dollar-denominated securities of
foreign issuers, which will not be included in this foreign securities
limitation. ADRs are receipts issued by U.S. banks or trust companies
in respect of securities of foreign issuers held on deposit for use in the U.S.
securities markets.
Industry Concentration. The
Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in securities of issuers in a
single industry. See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations — Risks
of Investing in the Fund — Industry Concentration Risk."
Leveraging. As
provided in the 1940 Act and subject to certain exceptions, the Fund may issue
senior securities (which may be stock, such as preferred shares, or securities
representing debt) so long as its total assets, less certain ordinary course
liabilities, exceed 300% of the amount of the debt outstanding and exceed 200%
of the amount of preferred shares and debt outstanding. Any such
preferred shares may be convertible in accordance with SEC staff guidelines,
which may permit the Fund to obtain leverage at attractive rates. For
example, a fund that uses 33% leverage will show a 1.5% increase or decline in
net asset value for each 1% increase or decline in the value of its total
assets. In addition, if the cost of leverage exceeds the return on
the securities acquired with the proceeds of leverage, the use of leverage will
diminish rather than enhance the return to the Fund. The Fund
currently has 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized, which include the
preferred shares being registered by this registration
statement. The use of leverage magnifies the impact of changes in net
asset value. The use of leverage generally increases the volatility
of returns to the Fund. See "Risk Factors and Special Considerations
— Leverage Risk."
In
the event the Fund had both outstanding preferred shares and senior securities
representing debt at the same time, the Fund's obligations to pay dividends or
distributions and, upon liquidation of the Fund, liquidation payments in respect
of its preferred shares would be subordinate to the Fund's obligations to make
any principal and/or interest payments due and owing with respect to its
outstanding senior debt securities. Accordingly, the Fund's issuance
of senior securities representing debt would have the effect of creating special
risks for the Fund's preferred shareholders that would not be present in a
capital structure that did not include such securities. See "Risk
Factors and Special Considerations — Special Risks of Debt Securities to
Preferred Shares."
Investment Restrictions. The
Fund has adopted certain investment restrictions as fundamental policies of the
Fund. Under the 1940 Act, a fundamental policy may not be changed
without the vote of a majority, as defined in the 1940 Act, of the outstanding
voting securities of the Fund (voting together as a single class). In
addition, pursuant to the Fund's Series B and Series C Articles
Supplementary, a majority, as defined in the 1940 Act, of the outstanding
preferred shares of the Fund (voting separately as a single class) is also
required to change a fundamental policy. The Fund's investment
restrictions are more fully discussed under "Investment Restrictions" in the
SAI.
Loans of Portfolio Securities.
To increase income, the Fund may lend its portfolio securities to securities
broker-dealers or financial institutions if (i) the loan is collateralized in
accordance with applicable regulatory requirements and (ii) no loan will cause
the value of all loaned securities to exceed 33% of the value of the Fund's
total assets.
If
the borrower fails to maintain the requisite amount of collateral, the loan
automatically terminates and the Fund could use the collateral to replace the
securities while holding the borrower liable for any excess of replacement cost
over the value of the collateral. As with any extension of credit,
there are risks of delay in recovery and in some cases even loss of rights in
collateral should the borrower of the securities violate the terms of the loan
or fail financially. There can be no assurance that borrowers will
not fail financially. On termination of the loan, the borrower is
required to return the securities to the Fund, and any gain or loss in the
market price during the loan would inure to the Fund. If the other
party to the loan petitions for bankruptcy or becomes subject to the United
States Bankruptcy Code, the law regarding the rights of the Fund is
unsettled. As a result, under extreme circumstances, there may be a
restriction on the Fund's ability to sell the collateral and the Fund would
suffer a loss. See "Investment Objective and Policies — Additional
Investment Policies — Loans of Portfolio Securities" in the SAI.
Warrants and
Rights. The Fund may invest without limit in warrants or
rights (other than those acquired in units or attached to other securities) that
entitle the holder to buy equity securities at a specific price for a specific
period of time but will do so only if such equity securities are deemed
appropriate by the Investment Adviser for inclusion in the Fund's
portfolio.
Portfolio
Turnover. The Fund will
buy and sell securities to accomplish its investment objective. The
investment policies of the Fund may lead to frequent changes in investments,
particularly in periods of rapidly fluctuating interest or currency exchange
rates.
Portfolio
turnover generally involves some expense to the Fund, including brokerage
commissions or dealer mark-ups and other transaction costs on the sale of
securities and reinvestment in other securities. The portfolio
turnover rate is computed by dividing the lesser of the amount of the securities
purchased or securities sold by the average monthly value of securities owned
during the year (excluding securities whose maturities at acquisition were one
year or less). Higher portfolio turnover may decrease the after-tax
return to individual investors in the Fund to the extent it results in a
decrease of the long term capital gains portion of distributions to
shareholders.
For
the fiscal periods ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, the portfolio turnover rate
of the Fund was 51% and 61%, respectively. The Fund anticipates that
its portfolio turnover rate will generally not exceed 100%.
Further
information on the investment objective and policies of the Fund are set forth
in the SAI.
RISK
FACTORS AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
Investors
should consider the following risk factors and special considerations associated
with investing in the Fund.
Special
Risks to Holders of Notes
There
may not be an established market for our notes. To the extent our
notes trade, they may trade at a price either higher or lower than their
principal amounts depending on interest rates, the rating (if any) on such notes
and other factors. In addition, a rating by a ratings agency does not
eliminate or necessarily mitigate the risks of investing in our notes, and a
rating may not fully or accurately reflect all of the securities' credit
risks. A rating does not address liquidity or any other market risks
of the securities being rated. A rating agency could downgrade the
rating of our notes, which may make such securities less liquid in the secondary
market. If a rating agency downgrades the rating assigned to the notes, we may
alter our portfolio or redeem the notes. We may voluntarily redeem the notes
under certain circumstances.
Special
Risks to Holders of Fixed Rate Preferred Shares
Illiquidity Prior
to Exchange Listing. Prior to the offering of any additional
series of fixed rate preferred shares, there will be no public market for such
shares. In the event any fixed rate preferred shares are issued,
prior application will have been made to list such shares on the
NYSE. However, during an initial period, which is not expected to
exceed 30 days after the date of initial issuance, such shares may not be listed
on any securities exchange. During such period, the underwriters may
make a market in such shares, though, they will have no obligation to do
so. Consequently, an investment in such shares may be illiquid during
such period.
Market Price Fluctuation. Fixed rate
preferred shares may trade at a premium to or discount from liquidation
preference for a variety of reasons, including changes in interest
rates.
Special
Risks for Holders of Variable Rate Preferred Shares
Auction
Risk. You
may not be able to sell your auction-rate preferred shares at an auction if the
auction fails, i.e., if more auction-rate preferred shares are offered for sale
than there are buyers for those shares. Also, if you place an order
(a hold order) at an auction to retain auction-rate preferred shares only at a
specified rate that exceeds the rate set at the auction, you will not retain
your auction-rate preferred shares. Additionally, if you place a hold
order without specifying a rate below which you would not wish to continue to
hold your shares and the auction sets a below-market rate, you will receive a
lower rate of return on your shares than the market rate. Finally,
the dividend period may be changed, subject to certain conditions and with
notice to the holders of the auction-rate preferred shares, which could also
affect the liquidity of your investment. Due to recent market turmoil
most auction-rate preferred shares, including our Series C Auction Rate
Preferred, have been unable to hold successful auctions and holders of such
shares have suffered reduced liquidity. Since February 2008, all of the
auctions of our Series C Auction Rate Preferred have failed. There
can be no assurance that liquidity will improve.
Secondary
Market
Risk. If
you try to sell your auction-rate preferred shares between auctions, you may not
be able sell them or, if you are able to sell them, you may not be able to do so
for their liquidation preference per share or such amount per share plus
accumulated dividends. If the Fund has designated a special dividend
period of more than seven days, changes in interest rates could affect the price
you would receive if you sold your shares in the secondary
market. Broker-dealers that maintain a secondary trading market for
the auction-rate preferred shares are not required to maintain this market, and
the Fund is not required to redeem auction-rate preferred shares if either an
auction or an attempted secondary market sale fails because of a lack of
buyers. The auction-rate preferred shares will not be registered on a
stock exchange. If you sell your auction-rate preferred shares to a
broker-dealer between auctions, you may receive less than the price you paid for
them, especially when market interest rates have risen since the last auction or
during a special dividend period. Due to recent market turmoil most
auction-rate preferred shares, including our Series C Auction Rate Preferred,
have been unable to hold successful auctions and holders of such shares have
suffered reduced liquidity, including the inability to sell such shares in the
secondary market.
Common
Share
Repurchases
Repurchases
of common shares by the Fund may reduce the net asset coverage of the notes and
preferred shares, which could adversely affect their liquidity or market
prices.
Credit
Quality Ratings
In
order to obtain and maintain attractive credit quality ratings for preferred
shares or borrowings, the Fund's portfolio must satisfy over-collateralization
tests established by the relevant rating agencies. These tests are
more difficult to satisfy to the extent the
Fund's
portfolio securities are of lower credit quality, longer maturity or not
diversified by issuer and industry. These guidelines could affect
portfolio decisions and may be more stringent than those imposed by the 1940
Act. With respect to ratings (if any) of the notes or preferred
shares, a rating by a ratings agency does not eliminate or necessarily mitigate
the risks of investing in our preferred shares or notes, and a rating may not
fully or accurately reflect all of the securities' credit risks. A
rating does not address the liquidity or any other market risks of the
securities being rated. A rating agency could downgrade the rating of
our notes or preferred shares, which may make such securities less liquid in the
secondary market. If a rating agency downgrades the rating assigned
to our preferred shares or notes, we may alter our portfolio or redeem the
preferred shares or notes under certain circumstances.
Special
Risks of Debt Securities to Preferred Shares
As
provided in the 1940 Act, and subject to compliance with the Fund's investment
limitations, the Fund may issue debt securities. In the event the
Fund were to issue such securities, the Fund's obligations to pay dividends or
make distributions and, upon liquidation of the Fund, liquidation payments in
respect of its preferred shares would be subordinate to the Fund's obligations
to make any principal and interest payments due and owing with respect to its
outstanding senior debt securities. Accordingly, the Fund's issuance
of debt securities would have the effect of creating special risks for the
Fund's preferred shareholders that would not be present in a capital structure
that did not include such securities.
Restrictions
on Dividends and Other Distributions
Restrictions
imposed on the declaration and payment of dividends or other distributions to
the holders of the Fund's common shares and preferred shares, both by the 1940
Act and by requirements imposed by rating agencies, might impair the Fund's
ability to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company for U.S.
federal income tax purposes. While the Fund intends to redeem its
preferred shares or prepay its notes to the extent necessary to enable the Fund
to distribute its income as required to maintain its qualification as a
regulated investment company under the the Code, there can be no assurance that
such actions can be effected in time to meet the Code
requirements. See "Taxation" in the SAI.
Leverage
Risk
The
use of leverage, which can be described as exposure to changes in price at a
ratio greater than the amount of equity invested, either through the issuance of
preferred shares or notes, borrowing or other forms of market exposure,
magnifies both the favorable and unfavorable effects of price movements in the
investments made by the Fund. To the extent the Fund determines to employ
leverage in its investment operations, the Fund will be subject to substantial
risks of loss. The Fund cannot assure that borrowings or the issuance
of preferred shares or notes will result in a higher yield or return to the
holders of the common shares.
Preferred Share and Note
Risk
The
issuance of preferred shares or notes causes the net asset value and market
value of the common shares to become more volatile. If the interest
rate on the notes or the dividend rate on the preferred shares approaches the
net rate of return on the Fund's investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage
to the holders of the common shares would be reduced. If the interest
rate on the notes or the dividend rate on the preferred shares plus the
management fee annual rate of 1.00% (as applicable) exceeds the net rate of
return on the Fund's portfolio, the leverage will result in a lower rate of
return to the holders of common shares than if the Fund had not issued preferred
shares or notes.
Any
decline in the net asset value of the Fund's investments would be borne entirely
by the holders of common shares. Therefore, if the market value of
the Fund's portfolio declines, the leverage will result in a greater decrease in
net asset value to the holders of common shares than if the Fund were not
leveraged. This greater net asset value decrease will also tend to
cause a greater decline in the market price for the common shares. In
such a case, the Fund might be in danger of failing to maintain the required
asset coverage of the notes or preferred shares or of losing its ratings on the
preferred shares or, in an extreme case, the Fund's current investment income
might not be sufficient to meet the dividend requirements on the preferred
shares. In order to counteract such an event, the Fund might need to
liquidate investments in order to fund a redemption of some or all of the
preferred shares or notes.
In
addition, the Fund would pay (and the holders of common shares will bear) all
costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of the
preferred shares and notes, including any additional advisory fees on the
incremental assets attributable to such preferred shares.
Holders
of notes and preferred shares may have different interests than holders of
common shares and may at times have disproportionate influence over the Fund's
affairs. In the event the Fund fails to maintain 100% asset coverage
of any notes outstanding, the holders of the notes will have the right to elect
a majority of the Fund's directors. In addition, holders of
preferred
shares,
voting separately as a single class, would have the right (subject to the rights
of noteholders) to elect two members of the Board at all times and in the event
dividends become two full years in arrears would have the right to elect a
majority of the Directors until such arrearage is completely
eliminated. In addition, preferred shareholders have class voting
rights on certain matters, including changes in fundamental investment
restrictions and conversion of the fund to open-end status, and accordingly can
veto any such changes.
Restrictions
imposed on the declarations and payment of dividends or other distributions to
the holders of the Fund's common shares and preferred shares, both by the 1940
Act and by requirements imposed by rating agencies, might impair the Fund's
ability to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company for U.S.
federal income tax purposes. While the Fund intends to redeem its
preferred shares to the extent necessary to enable the Fund to distribute its
income as required to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment
company under the Code, there can be no assurance that such actions can be
effected in time to meet the Code requirements.
Risks
of Investing in the Fund
Asset
Class Risks
Credit Risk for
Convertible Securities and Fixed Income Securities. Many
convertible securities are not investment grade, that is, not rated within the
four highest categories by S&P and Moody's. To the extent that
the Fund's convertible securities and any other fixed income securities are
rated lower than investment grade or are not rated, there would be a greater
risk as to the timely repayment of the principal of, and timely payment of
interest or dividends on, those securities. It is expected that not
more than 50% of the Fund's portfolio will consist of securities rated CCC or
lower by S&P or Caa or lower by Moody's or, if unrated, are of comparable
quality as determined by the Investment Adviser.
Securities
rated BB or lower by S&P or Ba or lower by Moody's are often referred to in
the financial press as "junk bonds" and may include securities of issuers in
default. "Junk bonds" are considered by the rating agencies to be
predominantly speculative and may involve major risk exposures such
as:
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greater
volatility and credit risk;
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vulnerability
to economic downturns and changes in interest rates;
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sensitivity
to adverse economic changes and corporate developments;
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additional
expenses to pursue recovery from issuers that default;
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redemption
or call provisions that may be exercised at inopportune
times;
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difficulty
in accurately valuing or disposing of such securities;
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subordination
to other debt of the issuer; and
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junk
bonds are generally unsecured.
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Convertible
securities and other income securities need not meet a minimum rating standard
in order to be acceptable for investment by the Fund.
In
addition, the prices of these lower grade securities are more sensitive to
negative developments, such as a decline in the issuer's revenues or a general
economic downturn, than are the prices of higher grade
securities. Lower grade securities tend to be less liquid than
investment grade securities. The market value of lower grade
securities may be more volatile than the market value of investment grade
securities and generally tends to reflect the market's perception of the
creditworthiness of the issuer and short-term market developments to a greater
extent than investment grade securities, which primarily reflect fluctuations in
general levels of interest rates.
Securities
ratings are relative and subjective and not absolute standards of
quality. They are based largely on an issuer's historical financial
condition and the rating agency's analysis at the time of the
rating. Consequently, the rating assigned to any particular security
is not necessarily a reflection of the issuer's current financial
condition.
As
a part of its investments in lower grade fixed-income securities, the Fund may
invest in the securities of issuers in default. The Fund will invest
in securities of issuers in default only when the Investment Adviser believes
that such issuers will honor their obligations and emerge from bankruptcy
protection and that the value of such issuers' securities will
appreciate. By investing in the securities of issuers in default, the
Fund bears the risk that these issuers will not continue to honor their
obligations or emerge from bankruptcy protection or that the value of these
securities will not otherwise appreciate.
Generally,
lower grade securities and unrated securities of comparable quality offer a
higher current yield than is offered by higher rated securities, but also (i)
will likely have some quality and protective characteristics that, in the
judgment of the rating organizations, are outweighed by large uncertainties or
major risk exposures to adverse conditions and (ii) are predominantly
speculative with respect to the issuer's capacity to pay interest and repay
principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. The market
values of certain of these securities also tend to be more sensitive to
individual corporate developments and changes in economic conditions than higher
quality bonds. In addition, unrated securities generally present a
higher degree of credit risk. The risk of loss due to default by
these issuers is significantly greater because lower grade securities and
unrated securities of comparable quality generally are unsecured and frequently
are subordinated to the prior payment of senior indebtedness. In
light of these risks, the Investment Adviser, in evaluating the creditworthiness
of an issue, whether rated or unrated, will take various factors into
consideration, which may include, as applicable, the issuer's operating history,
financial resources and its sensitivity to economic conditions and trends, the
market support for the facility financed by the issue, the perceived ability and
integrity of the issuer's management and regulatory matters.
In
addition, the market value of securities in lower rated categories is more
volatile than that of higher quality securities, and the markets in which such
lower rated or unrated securities are traded are more limited than those in
which higher rated securities are traded. The existence of limited
markets may make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain accurate market
quotations for purposes of valuing its portfolio and calculating its net asset
value. Moreover, the lack of a liquid trading market may restrict the
availability of securities for the Fund to purchase and may also have the effect
of limiting the ability of the Fund to sell securities at their fair value in
order to respond to changes in the economy or the financial
markets.
Lower
grade securities and unrated securities of comparable quality also present risks
based on payment expectations. If an issuer calls the obligation for
redemption (often a feature of fixed-income securities), the Fund may have to
replace the security with a lower yielding security, resulting in a decreased
return for investors. Also, as the principal value of nonconvertible
bonds and preferred stocks moves inversely with movements in interest rates, in
the event of rising interest rates the value of the securities held by the Fund
may decline proportionately more than a portfolio consisting of higher rated
securities. Investments in zero coupon bonds may be more speculative
and subject to greater fluctuations in value due to changes in interest rates
than bonds that pay interest currently. Interest rates are at
historical lows and, therefore, it is likely that they will rise in the
future.
In
addition to using recognized rating agencies and other sources, the Investment
Adviser also performs its own analysis of issues in seeking investments that it
believes to be underrated (and thus higher yielding) in light of the financial
condition of the issuer. Its analysis of issuers may include, among
other things, current and anticipated cash flow and borrowing requirements,
value of assets in relation to historical cost, strength of management,
responsiveness to business conditions, credit standing and current anticipated
results of operations. In selecting investments for the Fund, the
Investment Adviser may also consider general business conditions, anticipated
changes in interest rates and the outlook for specific industries.
Subsequent
to its purchase by the Fund, an issue of securities may cease to be rated or its
rating may be reduced. In addition, it is possible that statistical
rating agencies might change their ratings of a particular issue to reflect
subsequent events on a timely basis. Moreover, such ratings do not
assess the risk of a decline in market value. None of these events
will require the sale of the securities by the Fund, although the Investment
Adviser will consider these events in determining whether the Fund should
continue to hold the securities.
The
market for lower grade and comparable unrated securities has experienced periods
of significantly adverse price and liquidity several times, particularly at or
around times of economic recession. Past market recessions have
adversely affected the value of such securities and the ability of certain
issuers of such securities to repay principal and pay interest thereon or to
refinance such securities. The market for those securities may react
in a similar fashion in the future.
For
a description of the ratings categories of certain recognized statistical
ratings agencies, see Appendix A to this P rospectus.
Dilution Risk for
Convertible Securities. In the absence of adequate
anti-dilution provisions in a convertible security, dilution in the value of the
Fund's holding may occur in the event the underlying stock is subdivided,
additional equity securities are issued for below market value, a stock dividend
is declared, or the issuer enters into another type of corporate transaction
that has a similar effect.
Illiquid
Securities. The Fund has no limit on the amount of its net
assets it may invest in unregistered and otherwise illiquid
investments. Unregistered securities are securities that cannot be
sold publicly in the United States without registration under the 1933
Act. Unregistered securities generally can be resold only in
privately negotiated transactions with a limited number of purchasers or in a
public offering registered under the 1933 Act. Considerable delay
could be encountered in either event and, unless otherwise contractually
provided for, the Fund's proceeds upon sale may be reduced by the costs of
registration or underwriting discounts. The difficulties and delays
associated with such transactions could result in the Fund's inability to
realize a favorable price upon disposition of unregistered securities, and at
times might make disposition of such securities impossible.
Unregistered
convertible securities or the securities obtained upon conversion normally may
be resold publicly under certain volume and other restrictions beginning one
year following the acquisition of the securities obtained upon conversion and
without any restrictions beginning two years after the acquisition of the
securities obtained upon conversion. Unregistered securities that are
freely salable among qualified institutional investors under special rules
adopted by the SEC may be treated as liquid if they satisfy institutional
liquidity standards established by the Board. The continued liquidity
of such securities is not as well assured as that of publicly traded securities,
and accordingly, the Board will monitor their liquidity.
Interest Rate
Risk for Fixed Income Securities. The primary risk associated
with fixed income securities is interest rate risk. A decrease in
interest rates will generally result in an increase in the value of a fixed
income security, while increases in interest rates will generally result in a
decline in its value. This effect is generally more pronounced for
fixed rate securities than for securities whose income rate is periodically
reset. Market interest rates recently have declined significantly
below historical average rates, which may increase the risk that these rates
will rise in the future.
Further,
while longer term fixed rate securities may pay higher interest rates than
shorter term securities, longer term fixed rate securities, like fixed rate
securities, also tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes and,
accordingly, tend to experience larger changes in value as a result of interest
rate changes.
Distribution Risk
for Equity Income Securities. In selecting equity income
securities in which the Fund will invest, the Investment Adviser will consider
the issuer's history of making regular periodic distributions (i.e., dividends)
to its equity holders. An issuer's history of paying dividends,
however, does not guarantee that the issuer will continue to pay dividends in
the future. The dividend income stream associated with equity income
securities generally is not guaranteed and will be subordinate to payment
obligations of the issuer on its debt and other
liabilities. Accordingly, in the event the issuer does not realize
sufficient income in a particular period both to service its liabilities and to
pay dividends on its equity securities, it may forgo paying dividends on its
equity securities. In addition, because in most instances issuers are
not obligated to make periodic distributions to the holders of their equity
securities, such distributions or dividends generally may be discontinued at the
issuer's discretion.
Equity
Risk. The principal risk of investing in equity securities is
equity risk. Equity risk is the risk that the price of an equity
security will fall due to general market and economic conditions, perceptions
regarding the industry in which the issuer participates or the issuing company's
particular circumstances. Common stock in which the Fund will invest
or receive upon conversion of convertible securities is subject to such equity
risk. In the case of convertible securities, it is the conversion
value of a convertible security that is subject to the equity risk; that is, if
the appreciation potential of a convert ible security is not realized, the
premium paid for its conversion value may not be recovered. See
"Investment Objective and Policies — Investment
Practices —
Convertible Securities."
Ratings
Risk. The rating received by the Fund on its outstanding
preferred shares, or on any other senior security that it may issue, is an
assessment by the applicable rating agency of the capacity of the Fund to
satisfy its obligations on its outstanding senior
securities. However, an AAA, Aaa or similar rating on the Fund's
outstanding preferred shares does not eliminate or mitigate the risks associated
with investing in the Fund's preferred or common shares. In addition,
should the rating on the Fund's preferred shares be lowered or withdrawn by the
relevant rating agency, the Fund may also be required to redeem all or part of
its outstanding preferred shares. If the Fund were required to redeem
its outstanding preferred shares (in whole or part) as a result of the change in
or withdrawal of the rating, the common shares of the Fund will lose the
benefits associated with a leveraged capital structure.
Prepayment Risks
on Government Sponsored Mortgage-Backed Securities. The yield and
maturity characteristics of government sponsored mortgage-backed securities
differ from traditional debt securities. A major difference is that
the principal amount of the obligations may generally be prepaid at any time
because the underlying assets (i.e., loans) generally may be prepaid at any
time. Prepayment risks include the following:
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the
relationship between prepayments and interest rates may give some lower
grade government sponsored mortgage-backed securities less potential for
growth in value than conventional bonds with comparable
maturities;
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in
addition, when interest rates fall, the rate of prepayments tends to
increase. During such periods, the reinvestment of prepayment
proceeds by the Fund will generally be at lower rates than the rates that
were carried by the obligations that have been prepaid;
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because
of these and other reasons, a government sponsored mortgage-backed
security's total return and maturity may be difficult to predict;
and
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to
the extent that the Fund purchases government sponsored mortgage-backed
securities at a premium, prepayments may result in loss of the Fund's
principal investment to the extent of premium
paid.
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Industry
Concentration
Risk. The
Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in securities of a single
industry. Should the Fund choose to do so, the net asset value of the
Fund will be more susceptible to factors affecting those particular types of
companies, which, depending on the particular industry, may include, among
others: governmental regulation; inflation; cost increases in raw materials,
fuel and other operating expenses; technological innovations that may render
existing products and equipment obsolete; and increasing interest rates
resulting in high interest costs on borrowings needed for capital investment,
including costs associated with compliance with environmental and other
regulations. In such circumstances the Fund's investments may be
subject to greater risk and market fluctuation than a fund that had securities
representing a broader range of industries.
Foreign
Securities Risk. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total
assets in the securities of foreign issuers. Investments in the
securities of foreign issuers involve certain considerations and risks not
ordinarily associated with investments in securities of domestic
issuers. Foreign companies are not generally subject to uniform
accounting, auditing and financial standards and requirements comparable to
those applicable to U.S. companies. Foreign securities exchanges,
brokers and listed companies may be subject to less government supervision and
regulation than exists in the United States. Dividend and interest
income may be subject to withholding and other foreign taxes, which may
adversely affect the net return on such investments. There may be
difficulty in obtaining or enforcing a court judgment abroad. In
addition, it may be difficult to effect repatriation of capital invested in
certain countries. In addition, with respect to certain countries,
there are risks of expropriation, confiscatory taxation, political or social
instability or diplomatic developments that could affect assets of the Fund held
in foreign countries. Dividend income the Fund receives from foreign
securities may not be eligible for the special tax treatment applicable to
qualified dividend income.
There
may be less publicly available information about a foreign company than a U.S.
company. Foreign securities markets may have substantially less
volume than U.S. securities markets and some foreign company securities are less
liquid than securities of otherwise comparable U.S. companies. A
portfolio of foreign securities may also be adversely affected by fluctuations
in the rates of exchange between the currencies of different nations and by
exchange control regulations. Foreign markets also have different
clearance and settlement procedures that could cause the Fund to encounter
difficulties in purchasing and selling securities on such markets and may result
in the Fund missing attractive investment opportunities or experiencing
loss. In addition, a portfolio that includes foreign securities can
expect to have a higher expense ratio because of the increased transaction costs
on non-U.S. securities markets and the increased costs of maintaining the
custody of foreign securities.
The
Fund also may purchase ADRs or U.S. dollar-denominated securities of foreign
issuers which will not be included in the 25% foreign securities
limitation. ADRs are receipts issued by U.S. banks or trust companies
in respect of securities of foreign issuers held on deposit for use in the U.S.
securities markets. While ADRs may not necessarily be denominated in
the same currency as the securities into which they may be converted, many of
the risks associated with foreign securities may also apply to
ADRs. In addition, the underlying issuers of certain depositary
receipts, particularly unsponsored or unregistered depositary receipts, are
under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications to the holders of
such receipts, or to pass through to them any voting rights with respect to the
deposited securities.
Smaller
Companies. While
the Fund intends to focus on the securities of established suppliers of accepted
products and services, the Fund may also invest in smaller companies which may
benefit from the development of new products and services. These
smaller companies may present greater opportunities for capital appreciation,
and may also involve greater investment risk than larger, more established
companies. For example, smaller companies may have more limited
product lines, market or financial resources and their securities may trade less
frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger, more established
companies. As a result, the prices of the securities of such smaller
companies may fluctuate to a greater degree than the prices of securities of
other issuers.
Investment
Companies. The
Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies to the extent
permitted by law. To the extent the Fund invests in the common equity
of investment companies, the Fund will bear its ratable share of any such
investment company's expenses, including management fees. The Fund
will also remain obligated to pay management fees to the Investment Adviser with
respect to the assets invested in the securities of other investment companies.
In these circumstances holders of
the Fund's common shares will be subject to duplicative investment
expenses. The Fund will not purchase the securities of affiliated
investment companies.
Special
Risks of
Derivative Transactions. Participation in the options or
futures markets and in currency exchange transactions involves investment risks
and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent the use of
these strategies. If the Investment Adviser's prediction of movements
in the direction of the securities, foreign currency and interest rate markets
is inaccurate, the consequences to the Fund may leave the Fund in a worse
position than if it had not used such strategies. Risks inherent in
the use of options, foreign currency, futures contracts and options on futures
contracts, securities indices and foreign currencies include:
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dependence
on the Investment Adviser's ability to predict correctly movements in the
direction of interest rates, securities prices and currency
markets;
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imperfect
correlation between the price of options and futures contracts and options
thereon and movements in the prices of the securities or currencies being
hedged;
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the
fact that skills needed to use these strategies are different from those
needed to select portfolio securities;
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the
possible absence of a liquid secondary market for any particular
instrument at any time;
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the
possible need to defer closing out certain hedged positions to avoid
adverse tax consequences;
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the
possible inability of the Fund to purchase or sell a security at a time
that otherwise would be favorable for it to do so, or the possible need
for the Fund to sell a security at a disadvantageous time due to a need
for the Fund to maintain "cover" or to segregate securities in connection
with the hedging techniques; and
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the
creditworthiness of counterparties.
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Futures
Transactions. The
Fund may invest without limit in futures contracts. Futures and
options on futures entail certain risks, including but not limited to the
following:
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no
assurance that futures contracts or options on futures can be offset at
favorable prices;
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possible
reduction of the return of the Fund due to the use of
hedging;
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possible
reduction in value of both the securities hedged and the hedging
instrument;
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possible
lack of liquidity due to daily limits or price fluctuations;
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imperfect
correlation between the contracts and the securities being hedged;
and
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losses
from investing in futures transactions that are potentially unlimited and
the segregation requirements for such transactions.
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Forward
Currency
Exchange
Contracts. There
is no independent limit on the Fund's ability to invest in foreign currency
exchange contracts. The use of forward currency contracts may involve
certain risks, including the failure of the counterparty to perform its
obligations under the contract and that the use of forward contracts may not
serve as a complete hedge because of an imperfect correlation between movements
in the prices of the contracts and the prices of the currencies hedged or used
for cover.
Counterparty
Risk. The
Fund will be subject to credit risk with respect to the counterparties to the
derivative contracts purchased by the Fund. If a counterparty becomes
bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative
contract due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant
delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in bankruptcy or
other reorganization proceeding. The Fund may obtain only a limited
recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
For
a further description of such derivative investments, see "Investment Objective
and Policies — Additional Investment Policies" in the SAI.
Loans
of
Portfolio
Securities. Consistent
with applicable regulatory requirements and the Fund's investment restrictions,
the Fund may lend its portfolio securities to securities broker-dealers or
financial institutions, provided that such loans are callable at any time by the
Fund (subject to notice provisions described in the SAI), and are at all times
secured by cash or cash equivalents, which are maintained in a segregated
account pursuant to applicable regulations and that are at least equal to the
market value, determined daily, of the loaned securities. The
advantage of such loans is that the Fund continues to receive the income on the
loaned securities while at the same time earning interest on the cash amounts
deposited as collateral, which will be invested in short-term
obligations. The Fund will not lend its portfolio securities if such
loans are not permitted by the laws or regulations of any state in which its
shares are qualified for sale. The Fund's loans of portfolio
securities will be collateralized in accordance with applicable regulatory
requirements and no loan will cause the value of all loaned securities to exceed
33% of the value of the Fund's total assets.
For
a further description of such loans of portfolio securities, see "Investment
Objective and Policies — Additional Investment Policies — Loans of Portfolio
Securities" in the SAI.
Management
Risk. The
Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed
portfolio. The Investment Adviser will apply investment techniques
and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be
no guarantee that these will produce the desired results.
Interest
Rate
Transactions. The
Fund may enter into an indirect swap or cap transaction with respect to all or a
portion of its outstanding Series C Auction Rate Preferred or any future series
of variable rate preferred shares. The use of interest rate swaps and
caps is a highly specialized activity that involves certain risks to the Fund
including, among others, counterparty risk and early termination
risk. See "How the Fund Manages Risk — Interest Rate
Transactions."
Dependence on Key
Personnel. The Investment Adviser is dependent upon the
expertise of Mr. Mario J. Gabelli in providing advisory services with respect to
the Fund's investments. If the Investment Adviser were to lose the
services of Mr. Gabelli, its ability to service the Fund could be adversely
affected. There can be no assurance that a suitable replacement could
be found for Mr. Gabelli in the event of his death, resignation, retirement or
inability to act on behalf of the Investment Adviser.
Anti-Takeover
Provisions. The
Fund's Governing Documents include provisions that could limit the ability of
other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or convert the Fund to
an open-end fund. See "Anti-Takeover Provisions of the Fund's
Governing Documents."
Status as a
Regulated Investment Company. The Fund has elected and has
qualified, and intends to remain qualified, for U.S. federal income tax purposes
as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the
code. Qualification requires, among other things, compliance by the
Fund with certain distribution requirements. Statutory limitations on
distributions on the common shares if the Fund fails to satisfy the 1940 Act's
asset coverage requirements could jeopardize the Fund's ability to meet such
distribution requirements. The Fund presently intends, however, to
purchase or redeem preferred shares to the extent necessary in order to maintain
compliance with such asset coverage requirements. See "Taxation" for
a more complete discussion of these and other U.S. federal income tax
considerations.
Common Share
Distribution Policy Risk. The Fund has adopted a policy, which
may be modified at any time by its Board, of paying a minimum annual
distribution of 8% of the average net asset value of the Fund to common
shareholders.
The
Fund's current quarterly distribution level is set at $0.20 per share in each of
the first three quarters of the year. The Fund pays an adjusting
distribution in the fourth quarter of an amount sufficient to pay 8% of the
average net asset value of the Fund, as of the last day of the four preceding
calendar quarters, or to satisfy the minimum distribution requirements of the
Code, whichever is greater.
In
the event the Fund does not generate a total return from dividends and interest
received and net realized capital gains in an amount equal to or in excess of
its stated distribution in a given year, the Fund may return capital as part of
such distribution, which may have the effect of decreasing the asset coverage
per share with respect to the Fund's preferred shares. Any return of capital
that is a component of a distribution is not sourced from realized or unrealized
profits of the Fund and that portion should not be considered by investors as
yield or total return on their investment in the Fund. Shareholders should
not assume that a distribution from the Fund is comprised exclusively of net
profits.
For
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the Fund made distributions of $0.80
per common share, of which $0.17154 constituted a return of capital. The
composition of each distribution is estimated based on the earnings of the Fund
as of the record date for each distribution. The actual composition of each of
the current year's distributions will be based on the
Fund's investment activity through the end of the calendar
year.
Long-term
Objective. The Fund is intended for investors seeking a high
level of total return over the long-term. The Fund is not meant to
provide a vehicle for those who wish to play short-term swings in the stock
market. An investment in shares of the Fund should not be considered
a complete investment program. Each shareholder should take into
account the Fund's investment objective as well as the shareholder's other
investments when considering an investment in the Fund.
Market Value and
Net Asset Value. The Fund is a diversified, closed-end
management investment company. Shares of closed-end funds are bought
and sold in the securities markets and may trade at either a premium or discount
from net asset value. Listed shares of closed-end investment
companies frequently trade at a discount from net asset value. This
characteristic of stock of a closed-end fund is a risk separate and distinct
from the risk that the Fund's net asset value will decrease. The Fund
cannot predict whether its listed stock will trade at, below or above net asset
value. Stockholders desiring liquidity may, subject to applicable
securities laws, trade their stock in the Fund on the NYSE or other markets on
which such stock may trade at the then current market value, which may differ
from the then current net asset value. Stockholders will incur
brokerage or other transaction costs to sell stock.
Special
Risks Related to Preferred Securities
There
are special risks associated with the Fund investing in preferred securities,
including:
Deferral. Preferred
securities may include provisions that permit the issuer, at its discretion, to
defer distributions for a stated period without any adverse consequences to the
issuer. If the Fund owns a preferred security on which distributions
are being deferred by the issuer, the Fund may be required to report income for
tax purposes although it has not yet received such deferred
distributions.
Non-Cumulative
Dividends. Some preferred stocks are non-cumulative, meaning
that the dividends do not accumulate and need not ever be paid. A
portion of the portfolio may include investments in non-cumulative preferred
securities, whereby the issuer does not have an obligation to make up any
arrearages to its shareholders. Should an issuer of a non-cumulative
preferred stock held by the Fund determine not to pay dividends on such stock,
the Fund's return from that security may be adversely affected. There
is no assurance that dividends or distributions on non-cumulative preferred
stocks in which the Fund invests will be declared or otherwise made
payable.
Subordination. Preferred
securities are subordinated to bonds and other debt instruments in a company's
capital structure in terms of priority to corporate income and liquidation
payments, and therefore will be subject to greater credit risk than more senior
debt security instruments.
Liquidity. Preferred
securities may be substantially less liquid than many other securities, such as
common stocks or U.S. Government securities.
Limited
Voting
Rights. Generally,
preferred security holders (such as the Fund) have no voting rights with respect
to the issuing company unless preferred dividends have been in arrears for a
specified number of periods, at which time the preferred security holders may be
entitled to elect a number of d irectors to the issuer's
board. Generally, once all the arrearages have been paid, the
preferred security holders no longer have voting rights.
Special
Redemption
Rights. In
certain varying circumstances, an issuer of preferred securities may redeem the
securities prior to a specified date. For instance, for certain types
of preferred securities, a redemption may be triggered by a change in federal
income tax or securities laws. As with call provisions, a redemption
by the issuer may negatively impact the return of the security held by the
Fund.
HOW
THE FUND MANAGES RISK
Investment
Restrictions
The
Fund has adopted certain investment limitations, some of which are fundamental
policies of the Fund, designed to limit investment risk and maintain portfolio
diversification. Under the 1940 Act, a fundamental policy may not be
changed without the vote of a majority, as defined in the 1940 Act, of the
outstanding voting securities of the Fund (voting together as a single
class). In addition, pursuant to the Articles Supplementary of each
of the series of preferred shares, a majority, as defined in the 1940 Act, of
the outstanding preferred shares of the Fund (voting separately as a single
class) is also required to change a fundamental policy. The Fund may
become subject to guidelines that are more limiting than its current investment
restrictions in order to obtain and maintain ratings from Moody's
and Fitch, Inc. ("Fitch") on its preferred shares.
Interest
Rate Transactions
The
Fund may enter into an interest rate swap or cap transaction with respect to all
or a portion of its outstanding Series C Auction Rate Preferred or any future
series of variable rate preferred shares. Through these transactions
the Fund may, for example, obtain the equivalent of a fixed rate for a series of
variable rate preferred shares that is lower than the Fund would have to pay if
it issued fixed rate preferred shares.
The
use of interest rate swaps and caps is a highly specialized activity that
involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with
ordinary portfolio security transactions. In an interest rate swap,
the Fund would agree to pay to the other party to the interest rate swap (which
is known as the "counterparty") periodically a fixed rate payment in exchange
for the counterparty agreeing to pay to the Fund periodically a variable rate
payment that is intended to approximate the Fund's variable rate payment
obligation on a series of the variable rate preferred shares. In an
interest rate cap, the Fund would pay a premium to the counterparty to the
interest rate cap and, to the extent that a specified variable rate index
exceeds a predetermined fixed rate, would receive from the counterparty payments
of the difference based on the notional amount of such cap. Interest
rate swap and cap transactions introduce additional risk because the Fund would
remain obligated to pay preferred share dividends or distributions when due in
accordance with the Articles Supplementary of the relevant series of the
variable rate preferred shares even if the counterparty
defaulted. Depending on the general state of short-term interest
rates and the returns on the Fund's portfolio securities at that point in time,
such a default could negatively affect the Fund's ability to make dividend or
distribution payments on the variable rate preferred shares. In
addition, at the time an interest rate swap or cap transaction reaches its
scheduled termination date, there is a risk that the Fund will not be able to
obtain a replacement transaction or that the terms of the replacement will not
be as favorable as on the expiring transaction. If this occurs, it
could have a negative impact on the Fund's ability to make dividend or
distribution payments on the variable rate preferred shares. To the
extent there is a decline in interest rates, the value of the interest rate swap
or cap could decline, resulting in a decline in the asset coverage for the
variable rate preferred shares. A sudden and dramatic decline in
interest rates may result in a significant decline in the asset
coverage. Under the Articles Supplementary for each series of the
preferred shares, if the Fund fails to maintain the required asset coverage on
the outstanding preferred shares or fails to comply with other covenants, the
Fund may, at its option (and in certain circumstances will be required to),
mandatorily redeem some or all of these shares. The Fund generally
may redeem the auction-rate preferred shares, in whole or in part, at its option
at any time (usually on a dividend or distribution payment date), other than
during a non-call period. Such redemption would likely result in the
Fund seeking to terminate early all or a portion of any swap or cap
transaction. Early termination of a swap could result in a
termination payment by the Fund to the counterparty, while early termination of
a cap could result in a termination payment to the Fund.
The
Fund will usually enter into swaps or caps on a net basis; that is, the two
payment streams will be netted out in a cash settlement on the payment date or
dates specified in the instrument, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the
case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. The Fund
intends to segregate cash or liquid securities having a value at least equal to
the value of the Fund's net payment obligations under any swap transaction,
marked to market daily. The Fund does not presently intend to enter
into interest rate swap or cap transactions relating to the auction-rate
preferred shares in a notional amount in excess of the outstanding amount of the
auction-rate preferred shares. The Fund will monitor any such swap
with a view to ensuring that the Fund remains in compliance with all applicable
regulatory investment policy and tax requirements.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
General
The
Fund's Board (who, with the Fund's officers, are described in the SAI) has
overall responsibility for the management of the Fund. The Board
decides upon matters of general policy and reviews the actions of the Investment
Adviser, Gabelli Funds, LLC, One Corporate Center, Rye, New York 10580-1422, and
the Sub-Administrator (as defined below). Pursuant to an investment
advisory agreement with the Fund, the Investment Adviser, under the supervision
of the Fund's Board, provides a continuous investment program for the Fund's
portfolio; provides investment research and makes and executes recommendations
for the purchase and sale of securities; and provides all facilities and
personnel, including officers required for its administrative management and
pays the compensation of all officers and directors of the Fund who are its
affiliates. As compensation for its services and the related expenses
borne by the Investment Adviser, the Fund pays the Investment Adviser a fee,
computed daily and payable monthly, equal, on an annual basis, to 1.00% of the
Fund's average daily net assets including the liquidation value of preferred
shares. Net assets does not include amounts attributable to liabilities
constituting indebtedness. The Investment Adviser will waive the portion
of its investment advisory fee attributable to an amount of assets of the Fund
equal to the aggregate stated value of its currently outstanding preferred
shares for any calendar year in which the net asset value total return of the
Fund allocable to the common shares, including distributions and the advisory
fee subject to potential waiver, is less than the stated annual dividend rate or
corresponding swap rate of each particular series of currently outstanding
preferred shares, prorated during the year such preferred shares are issued and
the final year they are outstanding. The Fund's total return on
the net asset value of the common shares is monitored on a monthly basis to
assess whether the total return on the net asset value of the common shares
exceeds the stated dividend rate or corresponding swap rate of each particular
series of currently outstanding preferred shares for the period. The
test to confirm the accrual of the management fee on the assets attributable to
each particular series of preferred shares is annual. The Fund will
accrue for the management fee on these assets during the fiscal year if it
appears probable that the Fund will incur the management fee on those additional
assets.
The
Investment Adviser
Gabelli
Funds, LLC serves as the Fund's Investment Adviser pursuant to an investment
advisory agreement with the Fund (the "Advisory Agreement"). The
Investment Adviser is a New York limited liability company with principal
offices located at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422. The Investment Adviser was organized in 1999 and is the
successor to Gabelli Funds, Inc., which was organized in 1980. As of
December 31, 2007, the Investment Adviser acts as registered investment adviser
to 24 management investment companies with aggregate net assets of $16.8
billion. The Investment Adviser, together with other affiliated
investment advisers noted below had assets under management totaling
approximately $31.0 billion as of December 31, 2007. GAMCO Asset
Management Inc., an affiliate of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment
adviser for individuals, pension trusts, profit sharing trusts and endowments,
and as a sub-adviser to management investment companies having aggregate assets
of $13.3 billion under management as of December 31, 2007. Gabelli
Securities, Inc., an affiliate of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment
adviser for investment partnerships and entities having aggregate assets of
approximately $460 million as of December 31, 2007. Gabelli Fixed
Income LLC, an affiliate of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment adviser
for separate accounts having aggregate assets of approximately $24 million under
management as of December 31, 2007. Teton Advisors, Inc., an
affiliate of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment manager to the GAMCO
Westwood Funds having aggregate assets of approximately $440 million under
management as of December 31, 2007.
The
Investment Adviser is a wholly-owned subsidiary of GAMCO Investors, Inc., a New
York corporation, whose Class A Common Stock is traded on the NYSE under the
symbol "GBL." Mr. Mario J. Gabelli may be deemed a "controlling
person" of the Investment Adviser on the basis of his ownership of a majority of
the stock of GGCP, Inc., which owns a majority of the capital stock of GAMCO
Investors, Inc.
Payment
of Expenses
The
Investment Adviser is obligated to pay expenses associated with providing the
services contemplated by the Advisory Agreement , including
compensation of and office space for its officers and employees connected with
investment and economic research, trading and investment management and
administration of the Fund, as well as the fees of all directors of the Fund who
are affiliated with the Investment Adviser. The Fund pays all other
expenses incurred in its operation including, among other things, expenses for
legal and independent accountants' services, costs of printing proxies, stock
certificates and stockholder reports, charges of the custodian, any subcustodian
and transfer and dividend paying agent, expenses in connection with its
respective automatic dividend reinvestment and voluntary cash
purchase
plan,
SEC fees, fees and expenses of unaffiliated directors, accounting and pricing
costs, including costs of calculating the net asset value of the Fund,
membership fees in trade associations, fidelity bond coverage for its officers
and employees, directors' and officers' errors and omission insurance coverage,
interest, brokerage costs, taxes, stock exchange listing fees and expenses,
expenses of qualifying its stock for sale in various states, litigation and
other extraordinary or non-recurring expenses, and other expenses properly
payable by the Fund.
In
addition to the fees of the Investment Adviser, the Fund is responsible for the
payment of all its other expenses incurred in the operation of the Fund, which
include, among other things, expenses for legal and independent accountant's
services, stock exchange listing fees, expenses relating to the offering of
preferred stock, rating agency fees, costs of printing proxies, stock
certificates and stockholder reports, charges of State Street, charges of
Computershare and The Bank of New York, SEC fees, fees and expenses of
unaffiliated directors, accounting and printing costs, the Fund's pro rata
portion of membership fees in trade organizations, fidelity bond coverage for
the Fund's officers and employees, interest, brokerage costs, taxes, expenses of
qualifying the Fund for sale in various states, expenses of personnel performing
stockholder servicing functions, litigation and other extraordinary or
non-recurring expenses and other expenses properly payable by the
Fund.
A
discussion regarding the basis for the Fund's Board approval of the investment
advisory agreement with the Investment Adviser is available in the Fund's annual
report for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Selection
of Securities Brokers
The
Advisory Agreement contains provisions relating to the selection of securities
brokers to effect the portfolio transactions of the Fund. Under those
provisions, the Investment Adviser may (i) direct Fund portfolio brokerage to
Gabelli & Company, Inc. or other broker-dealer affiliates of the
Investment Adviser and (ii) pay commissions to brokers other than Gabelli &
Company, Inc. that are higher than might be charged by another
qualified broker to obtain brokerage and/or research services considered by the
Investment Adviser to be useful or desirable for its investment management of
the Fund and/or its other advisory accounts or those of any investment adviser
affiliated with it. The SAI contains further information about the
Advisory Agreement including a more complete description of the advisory and
expense arrangements, exculpatory and brokerage provisions, as well as
information on the brokerage practices of the Fund.
Portfolio
Management
Mario J. Gabelli is
currently and has been responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund
since its formation. Mr. Gabelli has served as Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer of GAMCO Investors, Inc. and its predecessors since
1976. Mr. Gabelli is the Chief Investment Officer — Value Portfolios for the
Investment Adviser and GAMCO Asset Management Inc. Mr. Gabelli serves as
portfolio manager for several funds in the Gabelli fund family and is a director
of several funds in the Gabelli fund family. Because of the diverse nature of
Mr. Gabelli's responsibilities, he will devote less than all of his time to the
day-to-day management of the Fund. Mr. Gabelli is also Chief Executive Officer
of GGCP, Inc., as well as Chairman of the Board of LICT Corporation, a
multimedia and communication services company and CIBL, Inc., a holding
company.
The
SAI provides additional information about the p ortfolio
m anager's compensation, other accounts managed by the p ortfolio
m anager, and the p ortfolio m anager's ownership of
securities of the Fund.
Non-Resident
Directors
Anthonie
C. van Ekris, a director of the Fund, resides outside the U.S. and all or a
significant portion of his assets are located outside the
U.S. Anthonie C. van Ekris does not have an authorized agent in
the U.S. to receive service of process. As a result, it may not be
possible for investors to effect service of process within the U.S. or to
enforce against any non-resident director in U.S. courts judgments predicated
upon civil liability provisions of U.S. securities laws. It may also
not be possible to enforce against any non-resident director in foreign courts
judgments of U.S. courts or liabilities in original actions predicated upon
civil liability provisions of the U.S.
Sub-Administrator
The
Investment Adviser has entered into a sub-administration agreement with PFPC
Inc. (the "Sub-Administrator") pursuant to which the Sub-Administrator provides
certain administrative services necessary for the Fund's operations which do not
include the investment and portfolio management services provided by the
Investment Adviser. For these services and the related expenses borne
by the Sub-Administrator, the Investment Adviser pays a prorated monthly fee at
the annual rate of 0.0275% of the first $10 billion of
the
aggregate average net assets of the Fund and all other funds advised by the
Investment Adviser and administered by the Sub-Administrator, 0.0125% of the
aggregate average net assets exceeding $10 billion but less than $15 billion and
0.01% of the aggregate average net assets in excess of $15
billion. The Sub-Administrator has its principal office at 760 Moore
Road, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
The
Fund has received the following information from the Investment
Adviser:
On
April 24, 2008, the Investment Adviser entered into an administrative
settlement with the SEC to resolve the SEC's inquiry regarding prior
frequent
trading activity in shares of the GAMCO Global Growth Fund (the "Global Growth
Fund") by one investor who was banned from the Global Growth Fund in August
2002. In the settlement, the SEC found that the Investment Adviser had violated
Section 206(2) of the Investment Advisers Act, Section 17(d) of the 1940 Act and
Rule 17d-1 thereunder, and had aided and abetted and caused violations of
Section 12(d)(1)(B)(i) of the 1940 Act. Under the terms of the settlement, the
Investment Adviser, while neither admitting nor denying the SEC's findings and
allegations, agreed, among other things, to pay the previously reserved total of
$16 million (including a $5 million penalty), of which at least $11 million will
be distributed to shareholders of the Global Growth Fund in accordance with a
plan to be developed by an independent distribution consultant and approved by
the independent directors of the Global Growth Fund and the staff of the SEC,
and to cease and desist from future violations of the above referenced federal
securities laws. The settlement will not have a material adverse impact on the
Investment Adviser or its ability to fulfill its obligations under
the Advisory Agreement. On the same day, the SEC filed a civil action
against the Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the
Investment Adviser, alleging violations of certain federal securities laws
arising from the same matter. The officer is also an officer of the Fund, the
Global Growth Fund and other funds in the Gabelli/GAMCO fund complex. The
officer denies the allegations and is continuing in his positions with the
Investment Adviser and the funds. The Investment Adviser currently expects that
any resolution of the action against the officer will
not have a material adverse impact on the Investment Adviser or its ability
to fulfill its obligations under the Advisory Agreement.
On
a separate matter, in September 2005, the Investment Adviser was informed by the
staff of the SEC that the staff may recommend to the SEC that an administrative
remedy and a monetary penalty be sought from the Investment Adviser in
connection with the actions of two of nine closed-end funds (including the
Fund) managed by the Investment Adviser relating to Section 19(a) and Rule
19a-1 of the 1940 Act. These provisions require registered investment companies
to provide written statements to shareholders when a dividend is made from a
source other than net investment income. While the two closed-end funds sent
annual statements and provided other materials containing this information, the
funds did not send written statements to shareholders with each distribution in
2002 and 2003. The Investment Adviser believes that all of the funds
are now in compliance. The Investment Adviser believes that these matters would
have no effect on the Fund or any material adverse effect on the Investment
Adviser or its ability to manage the Fund.
PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS
Principal
transactions are not entered into with affiliates of the
Fund. However, Gabelli & Company, Inc., an affiliate of the
Investment Adviser, may execute portfolio transactions on stock exchanges and in
the over-the-counter markets on an agency basis and receive a stated commission
therefor. For a more detailed discussion of the Fund's brokerage
allocation practices, see "Portfolio Transactions" in the SAI.
DIVIDENDS
AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The
Fund may retain for reinvestment, and pay the resulting U.S. federal income
taxes on, its net capital gain, if any, although the Fund reserves the authority
to distribute its net capital gain in any year. The Fund has a
policy, which the Board may change at any time, of paying a minimum annual
distribution of 8% of the average net asset value of the Fund to common
shareholders. This policy permits holders of common shares to realize
a predictable, but not assured, level of cash flow and some liquidity
periodically with respect to their common shares without having to sell shares.
A portion of the Fund's distributions on its common shares to date have included
or have been estimated to include a return of capital. Any return of
captial that is a component of a distribution is not sourced from realized or
unrealized profits of the Fund and that portion should not be considered by
investors as yield or total return on their investment in the Fund.
Shareholders should not assume that a distribution from the Fund is
comprised exclusively of net profits. The Fund's current quarterly
distribution level is set at $0.20 per share in each of the first three quarters
of the year. The Fund pays an adjusting distribution in the fourth
quarter of an amount sufficient to pay 8% of the average net asset value of the
Fund, as of the last day of the four preceding calendar quarters, or to satisfy
the minimum distribution requirements of the Code, whichever is
greater. Each quarter, the Board
reviews the amount of any potential distribution and the income, capital gain or
capital available. The Fund may retain for reinvestment, and pay the
resulting federal income taxes on, its net capital gain, if any. To avoid paying
income tax at the corporate level, the Fund distributes substantially all of its
investment company taxable income and has historically distributed net capital
gain.
If,
for any calendar year, the total distributions exceed current and accumulated
earnings and profits, the excess will generally be treated as a tax-free return
of capital up to the amount of the shareholder's tax basis in his
shares. The amount treated as a tax-free return of capital will
reduce a shareholder's tax basis in his shares, thereby increasing his potential
gain or reducing his potential loss on the sale of his shares. Any
amounts distributed to a shareholder in excess of the basis in the shares will
be taxable to the shareholder as capital gain. See "Taxation"
below.
In
the event the Fund distributes amounts in excess of its current and accumulated
earnings and profits, such distributions will decrease the Fund's total assets
and, therefore, have the likely effect of increasing the Fund's expense ratio as
the Fund's fixed expenses will become a larger percentage of the Fund's average
net assets. In addition, in order to make such distributions, the
Fund may have to sell a portion of its investment portfolio at a time when
independent investment judgment may not dictate such action.
The
Fund, along with other registered investment companies advised by the Investment
Adviser, has obtained an exemption from Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule
19b-1 thereunder permitting the Fund to make periodic distributions of long-term
capital gains provided that the Fund maintains distribution policies with
respect to the common shares calling for periodic (e.g., quarterly or
semi-annually, but in no event more frequently than monthly) distributions in an
amount equal to a fixed percentage of the Fund's average net asset value over a
specified period of time or market price per share of common stock at or about
the time of distribution or pay-out of a fixed dollar amount. If the
total distributions required by the proposed periodic pay-out policy exceed the
Fund's current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will be treated
as a return of capital. If the Fund's net investment income
(including net short-term capital gains) and net long-term capital gains for any
year exceed the amount required to be distributed under the periodic pay-out
policy, the Fund generally intends to pay such excess once a year, but may, in
its discretion, retain and not distribute net long-term capital gains to the
extent of such excess. The Fund reserves the right, but does not
currently intend, to retain for reinvestment and pay the resulting
U.S. federal income taxes on the excess of its net realized long-term
capital gains over its net short-term capital losses, if any.
AUTOMATIC
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT AND VOLUNTARY CASH PURCHASE PLAN
Under
the Fund's automatic divident reinvestment and voluntary cash purchase plan
(the "Plan") , a shareholder whose common shares are registered in his or her
own name will have all distributions reinvested automatically by Computershare,
which is agent under the Plan, unless the shareholder elects to receive
cash. Distributions with respect to shares registered in the name of
a broker-dealer or other nominee (that is, in "street name") will be reinvested
by the broker or nominee in additional shares under the Plan, unless the service
is not provided by the broker or nominee or the shareholder elects to receive
distributions in cash. Where distributions consist of a return of
capital, reinvestment in shares of the Fund will constitute a reinvestment of
the shareholder's capital and not a reinvestment of any Fund profits received by
the shareholder. Investors who own common shares registered in street name
should consult their broker-dealers for details regarding
reinvestment. All distributions to investors who do not participate
in the Plan will be paid by check mailed directly to the record holder by
Computershare as dividend disbursing agent.
Enrollment
in the Plan
It
is the policy of the Fund to automatically reinvest dividends payable to common
shareholders. As a "registered" shareholder, you automatically become a
participant in the Fund's Plan. The Plan authorizes the Fund to credit common
shares to participants upon an income dividend or a capital gains
distribution regardless of whether the shares are trading at a discount or a
premium to net asset value. All distributions to shareholders whose shares are
registered in their own names will be automatically reinvested pursuant to the
Plan in additional shares of the Fund. Plan participants may send their stock
certificates to Computershare to be held in their dividend reinvestment account.
Registered shareholders wishing to receive their distributions in cash must
submit this request in writing to:
The
Gabelli Convertible and Income Securities Fund Inc.
c/o
Computershare
P.O.
Box 43010
Providence,
RI 02940-3010
Shareholders
requesting this cash election must include the shareholder's name and address as
they appear on the share certificate. Shareholders
with additional questions regarding the Plan, or requesting a copy of the terms
of the Plan may contact Computershare at (800) 336-6983.
If
your shares are held in the name of a broker, bank, or nominee, you should
contact such institution. If such institution is not participating in the Plan,
your account will be credited with a cash dividend. In order to participate in
the Plan through such institution, it may be necessary for you to have your
shares taken out of "street name" and re-registered in your own name. Once
registered in your own name, your dividends will be automatically reinvested.
Certain brokers participate in the Plan. Shareholders holding shares in "street
name" at participating institutions will have distributions automatically
reinvested. Shareholders wishing a cash dividend at such institution must
contact their broker to make this change.
The
number of common shares distributed to participants in the Plan in lieu of cash
dividends is determined in the following manner. Under the Plan, whenever the
market price of the Fund's common shares is equal to or exceeds net asset value
at the time shares are valued for purposes of determining the number of shares
equivalent to the cash dividends or capital gains distribution, participants are
issued common shares valued at the greater of (i) the net asset value as most
recently determined or (ii) 95% of the then current
market price of the Fund's common shares. The valuation date is the dividend or
distribution payment date or, if that date is not a NYSE trading day, the next
trading day. If the net asset value of the common shares at the time of
valuation exceeds the market price of the common shares, participants will
receive shares from the Fund valued at market price. If the Fund should declare
a dividend or capital gains distribution payable only in cash, Computershare
will buy common shares in the open market, or on the NYSE or elsewhere, for
the participants' accounts, except that Computershare will endeavor to terminate
purchases in the open market and cause the Fund to issue shares at net asset
value if, following the commencement of such purchases, the market value of the
common shares exceeds the then current net asset value.
The
automatic reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions will not
relieve participants of any income tax which may be payable on such
distributions. A participant in the Plan will be treated for federal income tax
purposes as having received, on a dividend payment date, a dividend or
distribution in an amount equal to the cash the participant could have received
instead of shares.
Voluntary
Cash Purchase Plan
The
Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan is yet another vehicle for our shareholders to
increase their investment in the Fund. In order to participate in the Voluntary
Cash Purchase Plan, shareholders must have their shares registered in their own
name.
Participants
in the Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan have the option of making additional cash
payments to Computershare for investments in the Fund's common shares at the
then current market price. Shareholders may send an amount from $250 to $10,000.
Computershare will use these funds to purchase shares in the open market on or
about the 1st and 15th of each month. Computershare will charge each shareholder
who participates $0.75, plus a pro rata share of the brokerage commissions.
Brokerage charges for such purchases are expected to be less than the usual
brokerage charge for such transactions. It is suggested that any voluntary cash
payments be sent to Computershare, P.O. Box 43010, Providence, RI 02940-3010
such that Computershare receives such payments approximately 10 days before the
1st and 15th of the month. Funds not received at least five days before the
investment date shall be held for investment until the next purchase date. A
payment may be withdrawn without charge if notice is received by Computershare
at least 48 hours before such payment is to be invested.
Shareholders wishing to liquidate
shares held at Computershare must do so in writing or by telephone.
Please submit your request to the above mentioned address or telephone number.
Include in your request your name, address and account number. The cost to
liquidate shares is
$2.50 per transaction as well as the brokerage commission incurred. Brokerage
charges are expected to be less than the usual brokerage charge for such
transactions.
For
more information regarding the Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan and
Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan, brochures are available by calling
(914) 921-5070 or by writing directly to the Fund.
The
Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the Plans as applied to any
voluntary cash payments made and any dividend or distribution paid subsequent to
written notice of the change sent to the members of the Plan at least 90 days
before the record date for such
dividend or distribution. The Plan also may be amended or terminated by
Computershare on at least 90 days' written notice to participants in the
Plan.
DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STOCK AND NOTES
The
following is a brief description of the terms of the Fund's common and preferred
shares and notes. This description does not purport to be complete
and is qualified by reference to the Fund's Governing Documents. For
complete terms of the common and preferred shares, please refer to the actual
terms of such series, which are set forth in the Governing
Documents. For complete terms of the notes, please refer to the
actual terms of such notes, which will be set forth in an Indenture relating to
such notes (the "Indenture").
Common
Shares
The
Fund is authorized to issue one billion (1,000,000,000) shares of capital stock,
par value $.001 per share, in multiple classes and series thereof as determined
from time to time by the Board. Of the Fund's one billion
(1,000,000,000) shares of authorized capital stock, one hundred million
(100,000,000) shares have been classified by the Board as common stock and two
million (2,000,000) shares as preferred stock. As of March 31, 2008,
12,693,456 common shares were outstanding. The common shares of the
Fund are listed on the NYSE under the symbol "GCV" and began trading March 31,
1995. The average weekly trading volume of the common shares on the
NYSE during the period from January 1, 2007 through March 31, 2008 was 42,715
shares. Each share within a particular class or series thereof has
equal voting, dividend, distribution and liquidation rights. There
are no conversion or preemptive rights in connection with any outstanding shares
of the Fund. All shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of
the offering, will be fully paid and non-assessable. The common
shares are not redeemable and have no preemptive, conversion or cumulative
voting rights.
Offerings
of shares require approval by the Fund's Board. Any additional
offering of common shares will be subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act,
which provides that common shares may not be issued at a price below the then
current net asset value, exclusive of sales load, except in connection with an
offering to existing holders of common shares or with the consent of a majority
of the Fund's outstanding voting securities.
The
Fund's net asset value per share will be reduced immediately following the
offering of common shares by the amount of the offering expenses paid by the
Fund. See "Use of Proceeds." Unlike open-end funds, closed-end funds
like the Fund do not continuously offer shares and do not provide daily
redemptions. Rather, if a shareholder determines to buy additional
common shares or sell shares already held, the shareholder may do so by trading
through a broker on the NYSE or otherwise.
Shares
of closed-end investment companies often trade on an exchange at prices lower
than net asset value. The Fund's common shares have traded in the
market at both premiums and discounts from net asset value. Because
the market value of the common shares may be influenced by such factors as
dividend and distribution levels (which are in turn affected by expenses),
dividend and distribution stability, net asset value, market liquidity, relative
demand for and supply of such shares in the market, unrealized gains, general
market and economic conditions and other factors beyond the control of the Fund,
the Fund cannot assure you that common shares will trade at a price equal to or
higher than net asset value in the future. The common shares are
designed primarily for long-term investors and you should not purchase the
common shares if you intend to sell them soon after purchase.
The
Fund's common shareholders will vote as a single class to elect the Fund's Board
and on additional matters with respect to which the 1940 Act, the Fund's
Charter, By-Laws or resolutions adopted by the Directors provide for a vote of
the Fund's common shareholders. See "Anti-Takeover Provisions of the
Fund's Governing Documents."
Preferred
Shares
Currently,
two million (2,000,000) shares of the Fund's one billion (1,000,000,000)
authorized shares of capital stock have been classified by the Board as
preferred stock, par value $.001 per share. The terms of such preferred shares
may be fixed by the Board and would materially limit and/or qualify the
rights of the holders of the Fund's common shares.
As
of March 31, 2008, the Fund had outstanding 990,800 shares of Series B Preferred
and 1,000 shares of Series C Auction Rate Preferred. The Series B
Preferred is listed on the NYSE under the symbol "GCV Pr B". The
Series C Auction Rate Preferred is not traded on any public
exchange. The Fund previously had 600,000 shares of Series A
Preferred outstanding, however all 600,000 shares of the Series A Preferred were
redeemed by the Fund on February 11, 2003. Due to
recent market turmoil most auction-rate preferred shares, including our Series C
Auction Rate Preferred, have been unable to hold successful auctions and holders
of such shares have suffered reduced liquidity. A failed auction results when
there are not enough bidders in the auction at rates below the maximum rate as
prescribed by the terms of the auction-rate preferred shares. These failed
auctions have been an industry wide problem and may continue to occur in the
future. Any current or potential holder of auction-rate preferred shares faces
the risk that auctions will continue to fail, or will fail again at some point
in the future, and that he or she may not be able to sell his or her shares
through the auction process.
If
the Fund issues additional preferred shares, it will pay dividends to the
holders of the preferred shares at either a fixed rate or a rate that will be
reset frequently based on short-term interest rates, as described in a
Prospectus Supplement accompanying each preferred share offering.
Upon
a liquidation, each holder of the preferred shares will be entitled to receive
out of the assets of the Fund available for distribution to shareholders (after
payment of claims of the Fund's creditors but before any distributions with
respect to the Fund's common shares or any other shares of the Fund ranking
junior to the preferred shares as to liquidation payments) an amount per share
equal to such share's liquidation preference plus any accumulated but unpaid
distributions (whether or not earned or declared, excluding interest thereon) to
the date of distribution, and such shareholders shall be entitled to no further
participation in any distribution or payment in connection with such
liquidation. Each series of the preferred shares will rank on a parity with any
other series of preferred shares of the Fund as to the payment of distributions
and the distribution of assets upon liquidation, and will be junior to the
Fund's obligations with respect to any outstanding senior securities
representing debt. The preferred shares carry one vote per share on
all matters on which such shares are entitled to vote. The preferred shares
will, upon issuance, be fully paid and nonassessable and will have no
preemptive, exchange or conversion rights. The Board may by resolution classify
or reclassify any authorized but unissued capital shares of the Fund from time
to time by setting or changing the preferences, conversion or other rights,
voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to distributions or terms or
conditions of redemption. The Fund will not issue any class of shares senior to
the preferred shares.
Rating Agency
Guidelines. Upon issuance, it is expected that the preferred
shares will be rated "Aaa" by Moody's and/or "AAA" by Fitch. The Fund
expects that it will be required under Moody's and Fitch guidelines to
maintain assets having in the aggregate a discounted value at least equal to the
Basic Maintenance Amount (as defined below) for its outstanding preferred
shares, with respect to the separate guidelines Moody's and Fitch has each
established for determining discounted value. To the extent any particular
portfolio holding does not satisfy the applicable rating agency's guidelines,
all or a portion of such holding's value will not be included in the calculation
of discounted value (as defined by such rating agency). The Moody's
and Fitch guidelines also impose certain diversification requirements and
industry concentration limitations on the Fund's overall portfolio, and apply
specified discounts to securities held by the Fund (except certain money market
securities). The "Basic Maintenance Amount" is equal to (i) the sum of (a) the
aggregate liquidation preference of any preferred shares then outstanding plus
(to the extent not included in the liquidation preference of such preferred
shares) an amount equal to the aggregate accumulated but unpaid distributions
(whether or not earned or declared) in respect of such preferred shares, (b) the
total principal of any debt (plus accrued and projected interest), (c) certain
Fund expenses and (d) certain other current liabilities (excluding any unmade
distributions on the Fund's common shares) less (ii) the Fund's (a) cash and (b)
assets consisting of indebtedness which (y) mature prior to or on the date of
redemption or repurchase of the preferred shares and are U.S. government
securities or evidences of indebtedness rated at least "Aaa," "P-1", "VMIG-1" or
"MIG-1" by Moody's or "AAA" or "F1+" by Fitch, and (z) is held by the Fund for
distributions, the redemption or repurchase of preferred shares or the Fund's
liabilities.
If
the Fund does not cure in a timely manner a failure to maintain a discounted
value of its portfolio equal to the Basic Maintenance Amount in accordance with
the requirements of the applicable rating agency or agencies then rating the
preferred shares at the request of the Fund, the Fund may, and in certain
circumstances will be required to, mandatorily redeem preferred shares, as
described below under "— Redemption."
The
Fund may, but is not required to, adopt any modifications to the rating agency
guidelines that may hereafter be established by Moody's and Fitch (or such other
rating agency then rating the preferred shares at the request of the Fund).
Failure to adopt any such modifications, however, may result in a change in the
relevant rating agency's ratings or a withdrawal of such ratings altogether. In
addition, any rating agency providing a rating for the preferred shares at the
request of the Fund may, at any time, change or withdraw any such rating. The
Board, without further action by the shareholders, may amend, alter, add to or
repeal certain of the definitions and related provisions that have been adopted
by the Fund pursuant to the rating agency guidelines if the Board determines
that such modification is necessary to prevent a reduction in rating of the
preferred shares by Moody's and Fitch, as the case may be, is in the best
interests of the holders of common shares and is not adverse to the holders of
preferred shares in view of advice to the Fund by Moody's and Fitch (or such
other rating agency then rating the preferred shares at the request of the Fund)
that such modification would not adversely affect, as the case may be, its then
current rating of the preferred shares.
The
Board may amend the Articles Supplementary definition of "Maximum Rate" (the
"maximum rate" as defined below under "Maximum Rate") to increase the percentage
amount by which the applicable reference rate is multiplied to determine the
maximum rate without the vote or consent of the holders of the preferred shares
or any other shareholder of the Fund, but only after consultation with the
broker-dealers and with confirmation from each applicable rating agency that the
Fund could meet applicable rating agency asset coverage tests immediately
following any such increase.
As
described by Moody's and Fitch, the ratings assigned to the preferred shares are
assessments of the capacity and willingness of the Fund to pay the obligations
of each of the preferred shares. The ratings on the preferred shares are not
recommendations to purchase, hold or sell shares of either series, inasmuch as
the ratings do not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular
investor. The rating agency guidelines also do not address the likelihood that
an owner of preferred shares
will
be able to sell such shares on an exchange, in an auction or otherwise. The
ratings are based on current information furnished to Moody's and Fitch by the
Fund and the Investment Adviser and information obtained from other sources. The
ratings may be changed, suspended or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or the
unavailability of, such information.
The
rating agency guidelines will apply to the preferred shares, as the case may be,
only so long as such rating agency is rating such shares at the request of the
Fund. The Fund will pay fees to Moody's and Fitch for rating the preferred
shares.
Asset
Maintenance
Requirements. In
addition to the requirements summarized under "— Rating Agency Guidelines"
above, the Fund must also satisfy asset maintenance requirements under the 1940
Act with respect to its preferred shares. Under the 1940 Act, such
debt or preferred shares may be issued only if immediately after such issuance
the value of the Fund's total assets (less ordinary course liabilities) is at
least 300% of the amount of any debt outstanding and at least 200% of the amount
of any preferred shares and debt outstanding.
The
Fund will be required under the preferred shares' Articles Supplementary (the
"Articles Supplementary") to determine whether it has, as of the last business
day of each March, June, September and December of each year, an "asset
coverage" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of at least 200% (or such higher or lower
percentage as may be required at the time under the 1940 Act) with respect to
all outstanding senior securities of the Fund that are debt or stock, including
any outstanding preferred shares. If the Fund fails to maintain the asset
coverage required under the 1940 Act on such dates and such failure is not cured
within 60 calendar days, the Fund may, and in certain circumstances will be
required to, mandatorily redeem the number of preferred shares sufficient to
satisfy such asset coverage. See "— Redemption" below.
Distributions. In
connection with the offering of one or more series of preferred shares, an
accompanying Prospectus Supplement will specify whether dividends on such
preferred shares will be based on a fixed or variable rate. If such
Prospectus Supplement specifies that dividends will be paid at a fixed rate
("Fixed Rate Preferred Shares"), holders of such preferred shares will be
entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board, out of funds legally
available therefor, cumulative cash distributions, at an annual rate set forth
in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, payable with such frequency as set
forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. Such distributions
will accumulate from the date on which such shares are issued.
In
the alternative, the Prospectus Supplement may state that the holders of one or
more series of the preferred shares are entitled to receive cash distributions
at annual rates stated as a percentage of liquidation preference, that will vary
from dividend period to dividend period ("Variable Rate Preferred Shares"). The
liquidation preference per share and the dividend rate for the initial dividend
period for any such series of preferred shares will be the rate set out in the
Prospectus Supplement for such series. For subsequent dividend periods, each
such series of preferred shares will pay distributions based on a rate set at an
auction, normally held weekly, but not in excess of a maximum rate. Dividend
periods generally will be seven days, and the dividend periods generally will
begin on the first business day after an auction. In most instances,
distributions are also paid weekly, on the business day following the end of the
dividend period. The Fund, subject to some limitations, may change the length of
the dividend periods, designating them as "special dividend periods," as
described below under "— Designation of Special Dividend Periods".
Distribution
Payments. Except
as described below, the dividend payment date for a series of Variable Rate
Preferred Shares will be the first business day after the dividend period ends.
The dividend payment dates for special dividend periods of more (or less) than
seven days will be set out in the notice designating a special dividend period.
See " — Designation of Special Dividend Periods" for a discussion of payment
dates for a special dividend period.
If
a dividend payment date for a series of Variable Rate Preferred Shares is not a
business day because the NYSE is closed for business for more than three
consecutive business days due to an act of God, natural disaster, act of war,
civil or military disturbance, act of terrorism, sabotage, riots or a loss or
malfunction of utilities or communications services, or the dividend payable on
such date can not be paid for any such reason, then:
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·
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the
dividend payment date for the affected dividend period will be the next
business day on which the Fund and its paying agent, if any, are able to
cause the distributions to be paid using their reasonable best
efforts;
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·
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the
affected dividend period will end on the day it would have ended had such
event not occurred and the dividend payment date had remained the
scheduled date; and
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·
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the
next dividend period will begin and end on the dates on which it would
have begun and ended had such event not occurred and the dividend payment
date remained the scheduled date.
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Determination
of
Dividend
Rates. The
Fund computes the distributions per share for a series of Variable Rate
Preferred Shares by multiplying the applicable rate determined at the
auction by a fraction, the numerator of which normally is the number of days in
such dividend period and the denominator of which is 360. This applicable rate
is then multiplied by the liquidation preference per share of such series to
arrive at the distribution per share.
Maximum Rate. The
dividend rate for a series of Variable Rate Preferred Shares that results from
an auction for such shares will not be greater than the applicable "maximum
rate." The maximum rate for any standard dividend period will be the applicable
percentage of the reference rate. The reference rate will be the applicable
LIBOR Rate (as defined below) for a dividend period of fewer than 365 days or
the Treasury Index Rate (as defined below) for a dividend period of 365 days or
more. The applicable percentage will be determined based on the lower of the
credit ratings assigned to such series of preferred shares by Moody's
and Fitch on the auction date for such period (as set forth in the table
below). If Moody's and/or Fitch do not make such rating available, the rate
will be determined by reference to equivalent ratings issued by a substitute
rating agency. In the case of a special dividend period, (1) the Fund will
communicate the maximum applicable rate in a notice of special rate period for
such dividend payment period, (2) the applicable percentage will be determined
on the date two business days before the first day of such special dividend
period and (3) the reference rate will be the applicable LIBOR Rate for a
dividend period of fewer than 365 days or the Treasury Index Rate for a dividend
period of 365 days or more.
The
"LIBOR Rate," as described in greater detail in the Articles Supplementary, is
the applicable London Inter-Bank Offered Rate for deposits in U.S. dollars for
the period most closely approximating the applicable dividend period for the
preferred shares.
The "Treasury Index
Rate," as described in greater detail in the Articles Supplementary, is the
average yield to maturity for certain U.S. Treasury securities having
substantially the same length to maturity as the applicable dividend period for
the preferred shares.
Effect of Failure to
Pay Distributions in a Timely Manner. If the Fund fails to pay
the paying agent the full amount of any distribution or redemption price, as
applicable, for a series of V ariable R ate P referred
S hares in a timely manner, the dividend rate for the dividend period
following such a failure to
pay (such period referred to as the default period) and any subsequent
dividend period for which such default is continuing will be the default rate.
In the event that the Fund fully pays all default amounts due during a dividend
period, the dividend rate for the remainder of that dividend period will be, as
the case may be, the applicable rate (for the first dividend period following a
dividend default) or the then maximum rate (for any subsequent dividend period
for which such default is continuing).
The
default rate is 550% of the applicable LIBOR Rate for a dividend period of 364
days or fewer and 550% of the applicable Treasury Index Rate for a dividend
period of longer than 364 days.
Designation
of
Special
Dividend
Periods. The
Fund may instruct the auction agent to hold auctions more or less frequently
than weekly and may designate dividend periods longer or shorter than one week.
The Fund may do this if, for example, the Fund expects that short-term rates
might increase or market conditions otherwise change, in an effort to optimize
the potential benefit of the Fund's leverage for holders of its common shares.
The Fund does not currently expect to hold auctions and pay distributions less
frequently than weekly or establish dividend periods longer or shorter than one
week. If the Fund designates a special dividend period, changes in interest
rates could affect the price received if preferred shares are sold in the
secondary market.
Any
designation of a special dividend period for a series of Variable Rate Preferred
Shares will be effective only if (i) notice thereof has been given as provided
for in the governing documents, (ii) any failure to pay in a timely manner to
the auction agent the full amount of any distribution on, or the redemption
price of, any preferred shares has been cured as provided for in the governing
documents, (iii) the auction immediately preceding the special dividend period
was not a failed auction, (iv) if the Fund has mailed a notice of redemption
with respect to any preferred shares, the Fund has deposited with the paying
agent all funds necessary for such redemption and (v) the Fund has confirmed
that as of the auction date next preceding the first day of such special
dividend period, it has assets with an aggregate discounted value at least equal
to the Basic Maintenance Amount, and the Fund has provided notice of such
designation and a Basic Maintenance Report to each rating agency then rating the
preferred shares at the request of the Fund.
The
dividend payment date for any such special dividend period will be set out in
the notice designating the special dividend period. In addition, for special
dividend periods of at least 91 days, dividend payment dates will occur on the
first business day of each calendar month within such dividend period and on the
business day following the last day of such dividend period.
Before
the Fund designates a special dividend period: (i) at least seven business days
(or two business days in the event the duration of the dividend period prior to
such special dividend period is less than eight days) and not more than 30
business days before the first day of the proposed special dividend period, the
Fund will issue a press release stating its intention to designate a special
dividend period and inform the auction agent of the proposed special dividend
period by telephonic or other means and confirm it in writing promptly
thereafter and (ii) the Fund must inform the auction agent of the proposed
special dividend period by 3:00 p.m., New York City time on the second business
day before the first day of the proposed special dividend period.
Restrictions
on Dividends and Other Distributions for the Preferred Shares
So
long as any preferred shares are outstanding, the Fund may not pay any dividend
or distribution (other than a dividend or distribution paid in common shares or
in options, warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase common shares) in
respect of the common shares or call for redemption, redeem, purchase or
otherwise acquire for consideration any common shares (except by conversion into
or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to the preferred shares as to
the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets upon liquidation),
unless:
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the
Fund has declared and paid (or provided to the relevant dividend paying
agent) all cumulative distributions on the Fund's outstanding preferred
shares due on or prior to the date of such common share dividend or
distribution;
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the
Fund has redeemed the full number of preferred shares to be redeemed
pursuant to any mandatory redemption provision in the Fund's governing
documents; and
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after
making the distribution, the Fund meets applicable asset coverage
requirements described under "— Rating Agency Guidelines" and "— Asset
Maintenance Requirements."
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No
full distribution will be declared or made on any series of the preferred shares
for any dividend period, or part thereof, unless full cumulative distributions
due through the most recent dividend payment dates therefor for all outstanding
series of preferred shares of the Fund ranking on a parity with such series as
to distributions have been or contemporaneously are declared and made. If full
cumulative distributions due have not been made on all outstanding preferred
shares of the Fund ranking on a parity with such series of preferred shares as
to the payment of distributions, any distributions being paid on the preferred
shares will be paid as nearly pro rata as possible in proportion to the
respective amounts of distributions accumulated but unmade on each such series
of preferred shares on the relevant dividend payment date. The Fund's obligation
to make distributions on the preferred shares will be subordinate to its
obligations to pay interest and principal, when due, on any of the Fund's senior
securities representing debt.
Redemption
Mandatory
Redemption Relating to Asset Coverage Requirements. The Fund may, at its
option, consistent with its Governing Documents and the 1940 Act, and in certain
circumstances will be required to, mandatorily redeem preferred shares in the
event that:
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the
Fund fails to maintain the asset coverage requirements specified under the
1940 Act on a quarterly valuation date and such failure is not cured on or
before 60 days, in the case of the Fixed Rate Preferred Shares, or 10
business days, in the case of the Variable Rate Preferred Shares,
following such failure; or
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the
Fund fails to maintain the asset coverage requirements as calculated in
accordance with the applicable rating agency guidelines as of any monthly
valuation date, and such failure is not cured on or before 10 business
days after such valuation date.
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The
redemption price for preferred shares subject to mandatory redemption will be
the liquidation preference, as stated in the Prospectus Supplement accompanying
the issuance of such preferred shares, plus an amount equal to any accumulated
but unpaid distributions (whether or not earned or declared) to the date fixed
for redemption, plus (in the case of Variable Rate Preferred Shares having a
dividend period of more than one year) any applicable redemption premium
determined by the Board and included in the Articles Supplementary.
The
number of preferred shares that will be redeemed in the case of a mandatory
redemption will equal the minimum number of outstanding preferred shares, the
redemption of which, if such redemption had occurred immediately prior to the
opening of business on the applicable cure date, would have resulted in the
relevant asset coverage requirement having been met or, if the required asset
coverage cannot be so restored, all of the preferred shares. In the event that
preferred shares are redeemed due to a failure to satisfy the 1940 Act asset
coverage requirements, the Fund may, but is not required to, redeem a sufficient
number of preferred shares so that the Fund's assets exceed the asset coverage
requirements under the 1940 Act after the redemption by 10% (that is, 220% asset
coverage). In the event that preferred shares are redeemed due to a failure to
satisfy applicable rating agency guidelines, the Fund may, but is not required
to, redeem a sufficient number of preferred shares so that the Fund's discounted
portfolio value (as determined in accordance with the applicable rating agency
guidelines) after redemption exceeds the asset coverage requirements of each
applicable rating agency by up to 10% (that is, 110% rating agency asset
coverage). In addition, as discussed under "— Optional Redemption of Variable
Rate Preferred Shares" below, the Fund generally may redeem Variable Rate
Preferred Shares subject to a variable rate, in whole or in part, at its option
at any time (usually on a dividend or distribution payment date), other than
during a non-call period.
If
the Fund does not have funds legally available for the redemption of, or is
otherwise unable to redeem, all the preferred shares to be redeemed on any
redemption date, the Fund will redeem on such redemption date that number of
shares for which it has legally available funds, or is otherwise able to redeem,
from the holders whose shares are to be redeemed ratably on the basis of the
redemption price of such shares, and the remainder of those shares to be
redeemed will be redeemed on the earliest practicable date on which the Fund
will have funds legally available for the redemption of, or is otherwise able to
redeem, such shares upon written notice of redemption.
If
fewer than all of the Fund's outstanding preferred shares are to be redeemed,
the Fund, at its discretion and subject to the limitations of its Governing
Documents and the 1940 Act, will select the one or more series of preferred
shares from which shares will be redeemed and the amount of preferred shares to
be redeemed from each such series. If less than all preferred shares of a series
are to be redeemed, such redemption will be made as among the holders of that
series pro rata in accordance with the respective number of shares of such
series held by each such holder on the record date for such redemption (or by
such other equitable method as the Fund may determine). If fewer than all the
preferred shares held by any holder are to be redeemed, the notice of redemption
mailed to such holder will specify the number of shares to be redeemed from such
holder, which may be expressed as a percentage of shares held on the applicable
record date.
Optional
Redemption of Fixed Rate Preferred Shares. Fixed Rate
Preferred Shares will not be subject to optional redemption by the Fund until
the date, if any, specified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, unless such
redemption is necessary, in the judgment of the Fund, to maintain the Fund's
status as a regulated investment company under the Code. Commencing on such date
and thereafter, the Fund may at any time redeem such Fixed Rate Preferred Shares
in whole or in part for cash at a redemption price per share equal to the
initial liquidation preference per share plus accumulated and unpaid
distributions (whether or not earned or declared) to the redemption date. Such
redemptions are subject to the notice requirements set forth under "— Redemption
Procedures" and the limitations of the Governing Documents and 1940
Act.
Optional
Redemption of Variable Rate Preferred Shares. The Fund
generally may redeem Variable Rate Preferred Shares, if issued, in whole or in
part, at its option at any time (usually on a dividend or distribution payment
date), other than during a non-call period. The Fund may designate a non-call
period during a dividend period of more than seven days. In the case of such
preferred shares having a dividend period of one year or less, the redemption
price per share will equal the initial liquidation preference plus an amount
equal to any accumulated but unpaid distributions thereon (whether or not earned
or declared) to the redemption date, and in the case of such p referred
s hares having a dividend period of more than one year, the redemption
price per share will equal the initial
liquidation
preference plus any redemption premium applicable during such dividend period.
Such redemptions are subject to the notice requirements set forth under "—
Redemption Procedures" and the limitations of the Governing Documents and 1940
Act.
Redemption
Procedures. A
notice of redemption with respect to an optional redemption will be given to the
holders of record of preferred shares selected for redemption not less than 15
days (subject to NYSE requirements), in the case of Fixed Rate Preferred Shares,
and not less than seven days in the case of Variable Rate Preferred Shares, nor,
in both cases, more than 40 days prior to the date fixed for redemption.
Preferred shareholders may receive shorter notice in the event of a mandatory
redemption. Each notice of redemption will state (i) the redemption date, (ii)
the number or percentage of preferred shares to be redeemed (which may be
expressed as a percentage of such shares outstanding), (iii) the CUSIP number(s)
of such shares, (iv) the redemption price (specifying the amount of accumulated
distributions to be included therein), (v) the place or places where such shares
are to be redeemed, (vi) that distributions on the shares to be redeemed will
cease to accumulate on such redemption date, (vii) the provision of the Articles
Supplementary, as applicable, under which the redemption is being made and
(viii) any conditions precedent to such redemption. No defect in the notice of
redemption or in the mailing thereof will affect the validity of the redemption
proceedings, except as required by applicable law.
The
holders of any preferred shares, whether subject to a variable or fixed rate,
will not have the right to redeem any of their shares at their
option.
Liquidation
Preference. In
the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up
of the affairs of the Fund, the holders of preferred shares will be entitled to
receive a preferential liquidating distribution, which is expected to equal the
original purchase price per preferred share plus accumulated and unpaid
dividends, whether or not declared, before any distribution of assets is made to
holders of common shares. After payment of the full amount of the liquidating
distribution to which they are entitled, the holders of preferred shares will
not be entitled to any further participation in any distribution of assets by
the Fund.
Voting
Rights. The
1940 Act requires that the holders of any preferred shares, voting separately as
a single class, have the right to elect at least two Directors at all times. The
remaining Directors will be elected by holders of common shares and preferred
shares, voting together as a single class. In addition, subject to the prior
rights, if any, of the holders of any other class of senior securities
outstanding, the holders of any preferred shares have the right to elect a
majority of the Directors at any time two years' dividends on any preferred
shares are unpaid. The 1940 Act also requires that, in addition to any approval
by shareholders that might otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of
a majority of any outstanding preferred shares, voting separately as a class,
would be required to (i) adopt any plan of reorganization that would adversely
affect the preferred shares, and (ii) take any action requiring a vote of
security holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including, among other
things, changes in the Fund's subclassification as a closed-end investment
company to an open-end company or changes in its fundamental investment
restrictions. As a result of these voting rights, the Fund's ability to take any
such actions may be impeded to the extent that there are any preferred shares
outstanding. The Board presently intends that, except as otherwise indicated in
this P rospectus and except as otherwise required by applicable law,
holders of preferred shares will have equal voting rights with holders of common
shares (one vote per share, unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act) and will
vote together with holders of common shares as a single class.
The
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding preferred
shares, voting as a separate class, will be required to amend, alter or repeal
any of the preferences, rights or powers of holders of preferred shares so as to
affect materially and adversely such preferences, rights or powers, or to
increase or decrease the authorized number of preferred shares. The class vote
of holders of preferred shares described above will in each case be in addition
to any other vote required to authorize the action in question.
The
foregoing voting provisions will not apply to any preferred shares if, at or
prior to the time when the act with respect to which such vote otherwise would
be required will be effected, such shares will have been redeemed or called for
redemption and sufficient cash or cash equivalents provided to the applicable
paying agent to effect such redemption.
Book Entry. Fixed
Rate Preferred Shares will initially be held in the name of Cede & Co. as
nominee for DTC. The Fund will treat Cede & Co. as the holder of
record of preferred shares for all purposes. In accordance with the
procedures of DTC, however, purchasers of Fixed Rate Preferred Shares will be
deemed the beneficial owners of stock purchased for purposes of dividends,
voting and liquidation rights.
Variable
Rate Preferred Shares will initially be held by the auction agent as custodian
for Cede & Co., in whose name the Variable Rate Preferred Shares will be
registered. The Fund will treat Cede & Co. as the holder of
record of the Variable Rate Preferred Shares for all purposes.
Notes
General. Under
Maryland law and our Charter, we may borrow money without prior approval of
holders of common and preferred shares. We may issue debt securities, including
notes, or other evidence of indebtedness and may secure any such notes or
borrowings by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise subjecting as security our
assets to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or rating agency guidelines. Any
borrowings, including without limitation the notes, will rank senior to the
preferred shares and the common shares.
Under
the 1940 Act, we may only issue one
class of senior securities representing indebtedness, which in the
aggregate, must have asset coverage immediately after the time of
issuance of at least 300%. So long as notes are outstanding, additional debt
securities must rank on a parity with notes with respect to the payment of
interest and upon the distribution of our assets.
A
prospectus supplement relating to any notes will include specific terms relating
to the offering. The terms to be stated in a prospectus supplement will
include the following:
• the form and title
of the security;
• the
aggregate principal amount of the securities;
• the
interest rate of the securities;
• whether
the interest rate for the securities will be determined by auction or
remarketings;
• the
maturity dates on which the principal of the securities will be
payable;
• the
frequency with which auctions or remarketings, if any, will be
held;
• any
changes to or additional events of default or covenants;
• any
optional or mandatory redemption provisions;
• the
credit rating of the notes; and
• any
other terms of the securities.
Interest.
The prospectus supplement will describe the interest payment provisions relating
to notes. Interest on notes will be payable when due as described
in the related prospectus supplement. If we do not pay interest
when due, it will trigger an event of default and we will be restricted from
declaring dividends and making other distributions with respect to our common
shares and preferred shares.
Limitations.
Under the requirements of the 1940 Act, immediately after issuing any senior
securities representing indebtedness, we must have an asset coverage of at least
300%. Asset coverage means the ratio which the value of our total assets, less
all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, bears to
the aggregate amount of senior securities representing
indebtedness. Other types of borrowings also may result in our being
subject to similar covenants in credit agreements.
Events of Default and Acceleration of
Maturity of Notes.
Unless
stated
otherwise in
the related P rospectus S upplement, any one of the following events
will constitute an "event of default" for that series under the Indenture
relating to the notes:
• default
in the payment of any interest upon a series of notes when it becomes due and
payable and the continuance of such default for 30 days;
• default
in the payment of the principal of, or premium on, a series of notes at its
stated maturity;
• default
in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty of ours in the
Indenture, and continuance of such default or breach for a period of 90 days
after written notice has been given to us by the trustee;
• certain
voluntary or involuntary proceedings involving us and relating to bankruptcy,
insolvency or other similar laws;
• if,
on the last business day of each of twenty-four consecutive calendar months, the
notes have a 1940 Act asset coverage of less than 100%; or
• any
other "event of default" provided with respect to a series, including a default
in the payment of any redemption price payable on the redemption
date.
Upon the
occurrence and continuance of an event of default, the holders of a majority in
principal amount of a series of outstanding notes or the trustee will be able to
declare the principal amount of that series of notes immediately due and payable
upon written notice to us. A default that relates only to one series of notes
does not affect any other series and the holders of such other series of notes
will not be entitled to receive notice of such a default under the Indenture.
Upon an event of default relating to
bankruptcy,
insolvency or other similar laws, acceleration of maturity will occur
automatically with respect to all series. At any time after a declaration of
acceleration with respect to a series of notes has been made, and before a
judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained, the holders
of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding notes of that series, by
written notice to us and the trustee, may rescind and annul the declaration of
acceleration and its consequences if all events of default with respect to that
series of notes, other than the non-payment of the principal of that series of
notes which has become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been
cured or waived and other conditions have been met.
Liquidation
Rights. In the event of (a) any insolvency or bankruptcy case or
proceeding, or any receivership, liquidation, reorganization or other similar
case or proceeding in connection therewith, relative to us or to our creditors,
as such, or to our assets, or (b) any liquidation, dissolution or other winding
up of us, whether voluntary or involuntary and whether or not involving
insolvency or bankruptcy, or (c) any assignment for the benefit of creditors or
any other marshalling of assets and liabilities of ours, then (after any
payments with respect to any secured creditor of ours outstanding at such time)
and in any such event the holders of notes shall be entitled to receive payment in full of
all amounts due or to become due on or in respect of all notes (including any
interest accruing thereon after the commencement of any such case or
proceeding), or provision shall be made for such payment in cash or cash
equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of the notes,
before the holders of any of our common or preferred shares are entitled to
receive any payment on account of any redemption proceeds, liquidation
preference or dividends from such shares. The holders of notes shall be entitled
to receive, for application to the payment thereof, any payment or distribution
of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, including any
such payment or distribution which may be payable or deliverable by reason of
the payment of any other indebtedness of ours being subordinated to the payment
of the notes, which may be payable or deliverable in respect of the notes in any
such case, proceeding, dissolution, liquidation or other winding up
event.
Unsecured
creditors of ours may include, without limitation, service providers including
our Investment Adviser, custodian, administrator, auction agent, broker-dealers
and the trustee, pursuant to the terms of various contracts with us. Secured
creditors of ours may include without limitation parties entering into any
interest rate swap, floor or cap transactions, or other similar transactions
with us that create liens, pledges, charges, security interests, security
agreements or other encumbrances on our assets.
A
consolidation,
reorganization or merger of us with or into any other company, or a sale,
lease or exchange of all or substantially all of our assets in consideration for
the issuance of equity securities of another company shall not be deemed to be a
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of us.
Voting
Rights. The notes have no voting rights, except as mentioned below and to
the extent required by law or as otherwise provided in the Indenture relating to
the acceleration of maturity upon the occurrence and continuance of an event of
default. In connection with the notes or
other borrowings (if any), the 1940 Act does in certain circumstances grant to
the noteholders or lenders certain voting rights in the event of default in the
payment of interest on or repayment of principal. In the event the
Fund fails to maintain 100% asset coverage of any notes outstanding, the holders
of the notes will have the right to elect a majority of the Fund's
D irectors.
Market.
Our notes are not likely to be listed on an exchange or automated quotation
system. The details on how to buy and sell such notes, along with the other terms of
the notes, will be described in a P rospectus
S upplement. We cannot assure you that any market will exist
for our notes or if a market does exist, whether it will provide holders with
liquidity.
Book-Entry,
Delivery and Form. Unless otherwise stated in the related
P rospectus S upplement, the notes will be issued in book-entry form
and will be represented by one or more notes in registered global form. The
global notes will be deposited with the trustee as custodian for DTC and
registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC. DTC will maintain
the notes in designated denominations through its book-entry
facilities.
Under
the terms of the Indenture, we and the trustee may treat the persons in whose
names any notes, including the global notes, are registered as the owners
thereof for the purpose of receiving payments and for any and all other purposes
whatsoever. Therefore, so long as DTC or its nominee is the registered owner of
the global notes, DTC or such nominee will be considered the sole holder of
outstanding notes under the Indenture. We or the trustee may give effect to any
written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by DTC or its
nominee.
A
global note may not be transferred except as a whole by DTC, its successors or
their respective nominees. Interests of beneficial owners in the global note may
be transferred or exchanged for definitive securities in accordance with the
rules and procedures of DTC. In addition, a global note may be exchangeable for
notes in definitive form if:
• DTC
notifies us that it is unwilling or unable to continue as a depository and we do
not appoint a successor within 60 days;
• we,
at our option, notify the trustee in writing that we elect to cause the issuance
of notes in definitive form under the Indenture; or
• an
event of default has occurred and is continuing.
In
each instance, upon surrender by DTC or its nominee of the global note, notes in
definitive form will be issued to each person that DTC or its nominee identifies
as being the beneficial owner of the related notes.
Under
the Indenture, the holder of any global note may grant proxies and otherwise
authorize any person, including its participants and persons who may hold
interests through DTC participants, to take any action which a holder is
entitled to take under the Indenture.
Trustee, Transfer
Agent, Registrar, Paying Agent and Redemption
Agent. Information regarding the trustee under the Indenture,
which may also act as transfer agent, registrar, paying agent and redemption
agent with respect to our notes, will be set forth in the related
P rospectus S upplement.
TAXATION
The
following discussion is a brief summary of certain U.S. federal income tax
considerations affecting the Fund and its shareholders and noteholders (as the
case may be). The discussion reflects applicable tax laws of the
United States as of the date of this prospectus, which tax laws may be changed
or subject to new interpretations by the courts or the Internal Revenue Service
(the "IRS") retroactively or prospectively. No attempt is made to
present a detailed explanation of all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax
concerns affecting the Fund and its shareholders or noteholders (including
shareholders or noteholders owning large positions in the Fund), and the
discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. Investors
are urged to consult their own tax advisers to determine the tax consequences to
them of investing in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The
Fund has elected to be treated and has qualified as, and intends to continue to
qualify as, a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the
Code . Accordingly, the Fund must, among other things, (i)
derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from (a) dividends,
interest (including tax-exempt interest), payments with respect to certain
securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock,
securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to
gain from options, futures and forward contracts) derived with respect to its
business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and (b) net income
derived from interests in certain publicly traded partnerships that are treated
as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and that derive less than
90% of their gross income from the items described in (a) above (each a
"Qualified Publicly Traded Partnership"); and (ii) diversify its holdings so
that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year (x) at least 50% of the
value of the Fund's total assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S.
government securities, the securities of other regulated investment companies
and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one
issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund's total assets
and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and
(y) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund's total assets is invested in the
securities of (I) any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities and the
securities of other regulated investment companies), (II) any two or more
issuers that the Fund controls and that are determined to be engaged in the same
business or similar or related trades or businesses or (III) any one or more
Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships.
As
a regulated investment company, the Fund generally is not subject to U.S.
federal income tax on income and gains that it distributes each taxable year to
shareholders, if it distributes at least 90% of the sum of the Fund's (i)
investment company taxable income (which includes, among other items, dividends,
interest and the excess of any net short-term capital gains over net long-term
capital losses and other taxable income other than any net capital gain (as
defined below) reduced by deductible expenses) determined without regard to the
deduction for dividends and distributions paid and (ii) its net tax-exempt
interest income (the excess of its gross tax-exempt interest income over certain
disallowed deductions). The Fund intends to distribute at least
annually substantially all of such income. The Fund will be subject
to income tax at regular corporate rates on any investment company taxable
income and net capital gain that it does not distribute to its
shareholders.
Amounts
not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a calendar year
distribution requirement are subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax at the
Fund level. To avoid the tax, the Fund must distribute during each
calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary
income (not taking into account any capital gains or losses) for the calendar
year, (ii) 98% of its capital gains in excess of its capital losses (adjusted
for certain ordinary losses) for a one-year period generally ending on October
31 of the calendar year (unless an election is made to use the Fund's fiscal
year), and (iii) certain undistributed amounts from previous years on which the
Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. While the Fund intends to
distribute any income and capital gains
in
the manner necessary to minimize imposition of the 4% excise tax, there can be
no assurance that sufficient amounts of the Fund's ordinary income and capital
gains will be distributed to avoid entirely the imposition of the
tax. In that event, the Fund will be liable for the tax only on the
amount by which it does not meet the foregoing distribution
requirement.
If
for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment
company, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) will be
subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for
distributions to shareholders.
Taxation
of Shareholders
Distributions
paid to you by the Fund from its investment company taxable income which
includes the excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital
losses (together referred to hereinafter as "ordinary income dividends") are
generally taxable to you as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund's earnings
and profits. Such distributions (if designated by the Fund) may, however,
qualify (provided holding periods and other requirements are met) (i) for the
dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders to the extent
that the Fund's income consists of dividend income from U.S. corporations, and
(ii) for taxable years after December 31, 2002 through December 31, 2010, as
qualified dividend income eligible for the reduced maximum U.S. federal income
tax rate to individuals of generally 15% (currently 5% for individuals in lower
tax brackets) to the extent that the Fund receives qualified dividend
income. Qualified dividend income is, in general, dividend income
from taxable domestic corporations and certain foreign corporations (e.g.,
generally, foreign corporations incorporated in a possession of the United
States or in certain countries with a qualified comprehensive tax treaty with
the United States, or whose stock with respect to which such dividend is paid is
readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States).
There can be no assurance as to what portion of the Fund's ordinary income
dividends will constitute qualified dividend income. Distributions made to you
from net capital gain, which is the excess of net long-term capital gains over
net short-term capital losses ("capital gain dividends"), including capital gain
dividends credited to you but retained by the Fund, are taxable to you as
long-term capital gains if they have been properly designated by the Fund,
regardless of the length of time you have owned Fund shares. The
maximum U.S. federal income tax rate on net long-term capital gain of
individuals is generally 15% (5% for individuals in lower brackets) for such
gain realized before January 1, 2011. Distributions in excess of the
Fund's current and accumulated earnings and profits will first reduce the
adjusted tax basis of your shares and, after such adjusted tax basis is reduced
to zero, will constitute capital gains to you (assuming the shares are held as a
capital asset). Generally, not later than 60 days after the close of
its taxable year, the Fund will provide you with a written notice designating
the amount of any qualified dividend income or capital gain dividends and other
distributions.
The
sale or other disposition of shares of the Fund will generally result in capital
gain or loss to you, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares
have been held for more than one year at the time of sale and are a capital
asset in your hands. Any loss upon the sale or exchange of Fund
shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to
the extent of any capital gain dividends received (including amounts credited as
an undistributed capital gain dividend) by you. A loss realized on a
sale or exchange of shares of the Fund will be disallowed if other substantially
identical shares are acquired (whether through the automatic reinvestment of
dividends or otherwise) within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and
ending 30 days after the date that the shares are disposed of. In
such case, the basis of the shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the
disallowed loss. Present law taxes both long-term and short-term
capital gains of corporations at the rates applicable to ordinary
income.
Dividends
and other taxable distributions are taxable to you even though they are
reinvested in additional common shares of the Fund. If the Fund pays
you a dividend or makes a distribution in January that was declared in the
previous October, November or December to shareholders of record on a specified
date in one of such months, then such dividend or distribution will be treated
for U.S. federal income tax purposes as being paid by the Fund and received by
you on December 31 of the year in which the dividend or distribution was
declared.
The
Fund is required in certain circumstances to backup withhold on taxable
dividends or distributions and certain other payments paid to non-corporate
holders of the Fund's shares who do not furnish the Fund with their correct
taxpayer identification number (in the case of individuals, their social
security number) and certain certifications, or who are otherwise subject to
backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional
tax. Any amounts withheld from payments made to you may be refunded
or credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided
that the required information is furnished to the IRS.
Taxation
of Noteholders
Noteholders
will be required to include payments of interest on the notes in their gross
income in accordance with their method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax
purposes.
Any
gain from the disposition of the notes will be treated as capital gain for
noteholders who hold the notes as capital assets and as long-term capital gain
if the notes have been held for more than one year as of the date of
disposition. However, a portion of
such
gain may be required to be treated as ordinary income under special rules of the
Code governing the treatment of market discount. A noteholder who
acquires a note at a market discount (i.e., at a price less than the principal
amount or the "adjusted issue price" as determined for tax purposes, if
relevant), such as a subsequent purchaser of the notes, will be required to
treat as ordinary income a portion of any gain realized upon a disposition of
the note equal to the amount of market discount deemed to have been accrued as
of the date of disposition unless an election is made to include such discount
in income on a current basis. A noteholder who acquires a note at a
market discount and does not elect to include such discount in income on a
current basis will be required to defer deduction of a portion of interest paid
or accrued on debt incurred or continue to purchase or carry the note until the
noteholder disposes of the note. These rules may have an effect on
the price that can be obtained upon the sale of a note. Amounts
received upon a redemption of the notes will be subject to tax as ordinary
income to the extent of any accrued and unpaid interest on the notes as of the
date of redemption.
The
Fund is required in certain circumstances to backup withholding on interest
distributions paid to non-corporate holders of the Fund's notes who do not
furnish the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (in the case
of individuals, their social security number) and certain certifications, or who
are otherwise subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is
not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld from payments made to you
may be refunded or credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if
any, provided that the required information is furnished to the
IRS.
The
foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the provisions of the Code and
the Treasury regulations in effect as they directly govern the taxation of the
Fund, its shareholders and noteholders. These provisions are subject
to change by legislative or administrative action, and any such change may be
retroactive. A more complete discussion of the tax rules applicable
to the Fund, its shareholders and noteholders (including non-U.S. persons who
own shares or notes, as the case may be) can be found in the Statement of
Additional Information that is incorporated by reference into this
prospectus. Shareholders and noteholders are urged to consult their
tax advisers regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal, foreign, state,
local income or other taxes.
ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS OF THE FUND'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS
The
Fund presently has provisions in its Governing Documents which could have the
effect of limiting, in each case:
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the
ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund's
Board;
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the
Fund's freedom to engage in certain transactions;
or
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the
ability of the Fund's D irectors or shareholders to amend the
Governing Documents or effectuate changes in the Fund's
management.
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These
provisions of the Governing Documents of the Fund may be regarded as
"anti-takeover" provisions. The Board of the Fund is divided into
three classes, each having a term of three years. Each year the term
of one class of D irectors will expire. Accordingly, only those
D irectors in one class may be changed in any one year, and it would
require a minimum of two years to change a majority of the
Board. Such system of electing D irectors may have the effect
of maintaining the continuity of management and, thus, make it more difficult
for the shareholders of the Fund to change the majority of
D irectors. See "Management of the Fund — Directors and
Officers" in the SAI. A D irector of the Fund may be removed
with cause by a vote of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast for the
election of D irectors of the Fund. A D irector of the
Fund may not be removed without cause. In addition, the affirmative
vote of the holders of 75% of the outstanding shares of the Fund, and the vote
of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the holders of preferred shares,
voting as a single class, is required to authorize its conversion from a
closed-end to an open-end investment company, or to amend certain provisions of
the Charter involving conversion to an open-end fund.
Further,
unless a higher percentage is provided for under the Charter, the affirmative
vote of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the votes entitled to be cast
by holders of outstanding shares of the Fund's preferred stock, voting as a
separate class, will be required to approve any plan of reorganization adversely
affecting such stock or any action requiring a vote of security holders under
Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including, among other things, open-ending the
Fund and changing the Fund's investment objective or changing the investment
restrictions described as fundamental policies under "Investment Restrictions"
in the SAI.
Maryland
corporations that are subject to the 1934 Act and have at least three outside
d irectors, such as the Fund, may by b oard resolution elect to
become subject to certain corporate governance provisions set forth in the
Maryland corporate law, even if such provisions are inconsistent with the
corporation's charter and by-laws. Accordingly, notwithstanding its
Governing Documents, under Maryland law the Fund's Board may elect by resolution
to, among other things:
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require
that special meetings of stockholders be called only at the request of
stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to
be cast at such meeting;
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reserve
for the Board the right to fix the number of Fund
D irectors;
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provide
that D irectors are subject to removal only by the vote of the
holders of two-thirds of the stock entitled to vote;
and
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retain
for the Board sole authority to fill vacancies created by the death,
removal or resignation of a D irector, with any D irector so
appointed to serve for the balance of the unexpired term rather than only
until the next annual meeting of
stockholders
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The
Board may make any of the foregoing elections without amending the Governing
Documents and without stockholder approval. Though a corporation's
charter or a resolution by its board may prohibit its d irectors from
making the elections set forth above, the Fund's Board currently is not
prohibited from making any such elections.
The
provisions of the Governing Documents and Maryland law described above could
have the effect of depriving the owners of stock in the Fund of opportunities to
sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging a
third party from seeking to obtain control of the Fund in a tender offer or
similar transaction. The overall effect of these provisions is to
render more difficult the accomplishment of a merger or the assumption of
control by a principal stockholder.
The
Governing Documents of the Fund are on file with the SEC.
CLOSED-END
FUND STRUCTURE
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company (commonly
referred to as a closed-end fund). Closed-end funds differ from
open-end funds (which are generally referred to as mutual funds) in that
closed-end funds generally list their shares for trading on a stock exchange and
do not redeem their shares at the request of the shareholder. This
means that if you wish to sell your shares of a closed-end fund you must trade
them on the market like any other stock at the prevailing market price at that
time. In a mutual fund, if the shareholder wishes to sell shares of
the fund, the mutual fund will redeem or buy back the shares at "net asset
value." Also, mutual funds generally offer new shares on a continuous basis to
new investors, and closed-end funds generally do not. The continuous
inflows and outflows of assets in a mutual fund can make it difficult to manage
the fund's investments. By comparison, closed-end funds are generally
able to stay more fully invested in securities that are consistent with their
investment objectives, to have greater flexibility to make certain types of
investments and to use certain investment strategies such as financial leverage
and investments in illiquid securities.
Shares
of closed-end funds often trade at a discount to their net asset
value. Because of this possibility and the recognition that any such
discount may not be in the interest of shareholders, the Fund's Board might
consider from time to time engaging in open-market repurchases, tender offers
for shares or other programs intended to reduce a discount. We cannot
guarantee or assure, however, that the Fund's Board will decide to engage in any
of these actions. Nor is there any guarantee or assurance that such
actions, if undertaken, would result in the shares trading at a price equal or
close to net asset value per share. The Board might also consider
converting the Fund to an open-end mutual fund, which would also require a
supermajority vote of the shareholders of the Fund and a separate vote of any
outstanding preferred shares. We cannot assure you that the Fund's
common shares will not trade at a discount.
REPURCHASE
OF SHARES
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company and as such its
shareholders do not, and will not, have the right to require the Fund to
repurchase their shares. The Fund, however, may repurchase its common
shares from time to time as and when it deems such a repurchase advisable. The
Fund's Board has determined that such repurchase, up to 500,000 common
shares, may be made when the Fund's common shares are trading at a discount of
10% or more from net asset value (or such other percentage as the Board may
determine from time to time). The Fund may also repurchase any
preferred shares it issues. Although the Board has authorized
such repurchases, the Fund is not required to repurchase its
shares. Pursuant to this authorization the Fund has repurchased in
the open market 305,200 shares through March 31, 2008. Pursuant to
the 1940 Act, the Fund may repurchase its shares on a securities exchange
(provided that the Fund has informed its shareholders within the preceding six
months of its intention to repurchase such shares) or pursuant to tenders and
may also repurchase shares privately if the Fund meets certain conditions
regarding, among other things, distribution of net income for the preceding
fiscal year, status of the seller, price paid, brokerage commissions, prior
notice to shareholders of an intention to purchase shares and purchasing in a
manner and on a basis that does not discriminate unfairly against the other
shareholders through their interest in the Fund. Any repurchase of
common shares by the Fund will also be subject to Maryland corporate law, which
requires that immediately following such repurchase the total assets of the Fund
must be equal to or greater than the sum of the Fund's total liabilities plus
the aggregate liquidation preference of its outstanding preferred
shares.
When
the Fund repurchases its common shares for a price below net asset value or
preferred shares at a price below net asset value, the net asset value of the
common shares that remain outstanding shares will be enhanced, but this does not
necessarily mean that the market price of the outstanding common shares will be
affected, either positively or negatively. The repurchase of common
shares will reduce the total assets of the Fund available for investment and may
increase the Fund's expense ratio.
NET
ASSET VALUE
The
net asset value of the Fund's shares will be computed based on the market value
of the securities it holds and will generally be determined daily as of the
close of regular trading on the NYSE.
Portfolio
instruments of the Fund which are traded in a market subject to government
regulation on which trades are reported contemporaneously generally will be
valued at the last sale price on the principal market for such instruments as of
the close of regular trading on the day the instruments are being valued, or
lacking any sales, at the average of the bid and asked price on the principal
market for such instruments on the most recent date on which bid and asked
prices are available. Initial public offering securities are
initially valued at cost, and thereafter as any other equity
security. Other readily marketable assets will be valued at the
average of quotations provided by dealers maintaining an active market in such
instruments. Short-term debt instruments that are credit impaired or
mature in more than 60 days for which market quotations are available are valued
at the latest average of the bid and asked prices obtained from a dealer
maintaining an active market in that security. Short-term investments
that are not credit impaired and mature
in
60 days or fewer are valued at amortized cost from purchase price or value on
the 61st day prior to maturity. Securities and other assets for which
market quotations are not readily available will be valued at fair value as
determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Investment Adviser in
accordance with guidelines adopted by the Fund. The Fund may employ
recognized pricing services from time to time for the purpose of pricing
portfolio instruments (including non-U.S. dollar denominated assets and
futures and options).
Trading
takes place in various foreign markets on days which are not Business Days and
on which therefore the Fund's net asset value per share is not
calculated. The calculation of the Fund's net asset value may not
take place contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of portfolio
securities held by the Fund. Events affecting the values of portfolio
securities that occur between the time their prices are determined and the close
of the NYSE will not be reflected in the Fund's calculation of net asset value
unless the Board deems that the particular event would materially affect the net
asset value, in which case the fair value of those securities will be determined
by consideration of other factors by or under the direction of the
Board.
Net
asset value per share is calculated by dividing the value of the securities held
plus any cash or other assets minus all liabilities, including accrued expenses,
by the total number of shares outstanding at such time.
NYSE Closings. The
holidays (as observed) on which the NYSE is closed, and therefore days upon
which shareholders cannot purchase or sell shares, currently are: New Year's
Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day,
Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day and on the
preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when a holiday falls on a Saturday or
Sunday, respectively.
CUSTODIAN,
TRANSFER AGENT, AUCTION AGENT AND DIVIDEND-DISBURSING AGENT
State
Street Bank and Trust Company, located at 1776 Heritage Drive, North Quincy,
Massachusetts 02171, serves as the custodian of the Fund's assets pursuant to a
custody agreement. Under the custody agreement, the Custodian holds
the Fund's assets in compliance with the 1940 Act. For its services,
the Custodian receives a monthly fee based upon, among other things, the average
value of the total assets of the Fund, plus certain charges for securities
transactions.
Computershare
Trust Company, N.A., located at 250 Royall Street, Canton, Massachusetts 02021,
serves as the Fund's dividend disbursing agent, as agent under the Fund's
automatic dividend reinvestment and voluntary cash purchase plan and as transfer
agent and registrar for the common shares of the Fund.
Computershare
also serves as the Fund's transfer agent, registrar, dividend paying agent and
redemption agent with respect to the Series B Preferred.
The
Bank of New York, located at 100 Church Street, New York, NY 10286, serves as
the Fund's auction agent, transfer agent, registrar, dividend paying agent and
redemption agent with respect to the Series C Auction Rate
Preferred.
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
We
may sell our preferred shares or notes through underwriters or dealers,
directly to one or more purchasers, through agents, to or through underwriters
or dealers, or through a combination of any such methods of sale. The
applicable Prospectus Supplement will identify any underwriter or agent involved
in the offer and sale of our preferred shares or notes, any sales loads,
discounts, commissions, fees or other compensation paid to any underwriter,
dealer or agent, the offering price, net proceeds and use of proceeds and the
terms of any sale.
The
distribution of our preferred shares or notes may be effected from time
to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be
changed, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to
such prevailing market prices, or at negotiated prices, provided, however, that
the offering price per share in the case of common shares, must equal or exceed
the net asset value per share, exclusive of any underwriting commissions or
discounts, of our common shares.
We
may sell our preferred shares or notes directly to, and solicit offers
from, institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters as
defined in the 1933 Act for any resales of the securities. In this
case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. We may use
electronic media, including the Internet, to sell offered securities
directly.
In
connection with the sale of our preferred shares or notes, underwriters
or agents may receive compensation from us in the form of discounts, concessions
or commissions. Underwriters may sell our preferred shares or
notes to or through dealers, and such dealers may receive compensation in the
form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or
commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as
agents. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the
distribution of our preferred shares or notes may be deemed to be
underwriters under the 1933 Act, and any discounts and commissions they receive
from us and any profit realized by them on the resale of our preferred
shares or notes may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions
under the 1933 Act. Any such underwriter or agent will be identified
and any such compensation received from us will be described in the applicable
Prospectus Supplement. The maximum commission or discount to be
received by any FINRA member or independent broker-dealer will not
exceed eight percent. We will not pay any compensation to any
underwriter or agent in the form of warrants, options, consulting or structuring
fees or similar arrangements.
If
a Prospectus Supplement so indicates, we may grant the underwriters an option to
purchase additional preferred shares or notes at the public offering
price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, within 45 days from the
date of the Prospectus Supplement, to cover any overallotments.
To
facilitate an offering of preferred shares or notes in an underwritten
transaction and in accordance with industry practice, the underwriters may
engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain, or otherwise affect the market
price of the preferred shares or notes . Those
transactions may include overallotment, entering stabilizing bids, effecting
syndicate covering transactions, and reclaiming selling concessions allowed to
an underwriter or a dealer.
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An
overallotment in connection with an offering creates a short position in
the preferred shares or notes for the underwriter's own
account.
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An
underwriter may place a stabilizing bid to purchase the preferred
shares or notes for the purpose of pegging, fixing, or
maintaining the price of the preferred shares or
notes .
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Underwriters
may engage in syndicate covering transactions to cover overallotments or
to stabilize the price of the preferred shares or notes
subject to the offering by bidding for, and purchasing, the preferred
shares or notes or any other securities in the open market in
order to reduce a short position created in connection with the
offering.
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The
managing underwriter may impose a penalty bid on a syndicate member to
reclaim a selling concession in connection with an offering when the
preferred shares or notes originally sold by the syndicate
member are purchased in syndicate covering transactions or
otherwise.
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Any
of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities
above independent market levels. The underwriters are not required to
engage in these activities, and may end any of these activities at any
time.
Any
underwriters to whom the offered securities are sold for offering and sale may
make a market in the offered securities, but the underwriters will not be
obligated to do so and may discontinue any market-making at any time without
notice. The offered securities may or may not be listed on a
securities exchange. We cannot assure you that there will be a liquid
trading market for the offered securities.
Any
F ixed R ate P referred S hares sold pursuant to a
Prospectus Supplement will likely be listed on the NYSE.
Under
agreements into which we may enter, underwriters, dealers and agents who
participate in the distribution of our preferred shares or notes may be
entitled to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including
liabilities under the 1933 Act. Underwriters, dealers and agents may
engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary
course of business.
If
so indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, we will ourselves, or will
authorize underwriters or other persons acting as our agents to solicit offers
by certain institutions to purchase our preferred shares or notes from us
pursuant to contracts providing for payment and delivery on a future
date. Institutions with which such contacts may be made include
commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment
companies, educational and charitable institutions and others, but in all cases
such institutions must be approved by us. The obligation of any
purchaser under any such contract will be subject to the condition that the
purchase of the preferred shares or notes shall not at the time of
delivery be prohibited under the laws of the jurisdiction to which such
purchaser is subject. The underwriters and such other agents will not
have any responsibility in respect of the validity or performance of such
contracts. Such contracts will be subject only to those conditions
set forth in the Prospectus Supplement, and the Prospectus Supplement will set
forth the commission payable for solicitation of such contracts.
To
the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder, the underwriters may from time to time act as brokers or
dealers and receive fees in connection with the execution of our portfolio
transactions after the underwriters have ceased to be underwriters and, subject
to certain restrictions, each may act as a broker while it is an
underwriter.
A
Prospectus and accompanying Prospectus Supplement in electronic form may be made
available on the websites maintained by underwriters. The
underwriters may agree to allocate a number of securities for sale to their
online brokerage account holders. Such allocations of securities for
Internet distributions will be made on the same basis as other
allocations. In addition, securities may be sold by the underwriters
to securities dealers who resell securities to online brokerage account
holders.
In
order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, our
preferred shares or notes offered hereby will be sold in such
jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or
dealers.
LEGAL
MATTERS
Certain
legal matters will be passed on by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP,
counsel to the Fund in connection with the offering of the preferred
shares.
INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
PricewaterhouseCoopers
LLP serves as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund
and audits the financial statements of the Fund. PricewaterhouseCoopers
LLP is located at 300 Madison Avenue, New York
10017 .
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
The
Fund is subject to the informational requirements of the 1934 Act and the 1940
Act and in accordance therewith files reports and other information with the
SEC. Reports, proxy statements and other information filed by the
Fund with the SEC pursuant to the informational requirements of the 1934 Act and
the 1940 Act can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities
maintained by the Securities and Exchange Commission, 450 Fifth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20549. The SEC maintains a web site at
http://www.sec.gov containing reports, proxy and information statements and
other information regarding registrants, including the Fund, that file
electronically with the SEC.
The
Fund's common shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol "GCV" and the
Series B Preferred is listed on the NYSE under the symbol "GCV Pr
B". Reports, proxy statements and other information concerning the
Fund and filed with the SEC by the Fund will be available for inspection
at the NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005, as the case may
be.
This
prospectus constitutes part of a Registration Statement filed by the Fund with
the SEC under the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act. This prospectus omits
certain of the information contained in the Registration Statement, and
reference is hereby made to the Registration Statement and related exhibits for
further information with respect to the Fund and the preferred shares or notes
offered hereby. Any statements contained herein concerning the
provisions of any document are not necessarily complete, and, in each instance,
reference is made to the copy of such document filed as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement or otherwise filed with the SEC. Each such
statement is qualified in its entirety by such reference. The
complete Registration Statement may be obtained from the SEC upon payment of the
fee prescribed by its rules and regulations or free of charge through the SEC's
web site (http://www.sec.gov).
PRIVACY
PRINCIPLES OF THE FUND
The
Fund is committed to maintaining the privacy of its shareholders and to
safeguarding their non-public personal information. The following
information is provided to help you understand what personal information the
Fund collects, how the Fund protects that information and why, in certain cases,
the Fund may share information with select other parties.
Generally,
the Fund does not receive any non-public personal information relating to its
shareholders, although certain non-public personal information of its
shareholders may become available to the Fund. The Fund does not
disclose any non-public personal information about its shareholders or former
shareholders to anyone, except as permitted by law or as is necessary in order
to service shareholder accounts (for example, to a transfer agent or third party
administrator).
The
Fund restricts access to non-public personal information about its shareholders
to employees of the Fund's Investment Adviser and its affiliates with a
legitimate business need for the information. The Fund maintains
physical, electronic and procedural safeguards designed to protect the
non-public personal information of its shareholders.
SPECIAL
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain
statements in this prospectus constitute forward-looking statements, which
involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause
the actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements of the Fund
to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity,
performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking
statements. Such factors include, among others, those listed under
"Risk Factors and Special Considerations" and elsewhere in this
prospectus. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, no
assurance can be given as to the future results, levels of activity or
achievements, and neither the Fund nor any other person assumes responsibility
for the accuracy and completeness of such statements.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS OF STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
An
SAI dated as of June 9 , 2008, has been filed with the SEC and is
incorporated by reference in this prospectus. An SAI may be obtained
without charge by writing to the Fund at its address at One Corporate Center,
Rye, New York 10580-1422 or by calling the Fund toll-free at (800) GABELLI
(422-3554). The Table of Contents of the SAI is as
follows:
|
Page
|
|
|
|
|
THE
FUND
|
1
|
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
|
1
|
INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS
|
10
|
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
|
11
|
AUCTIONS
FOR AUCTION RATE PREFERRED SHARES
|
18
|
PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS
|
21
|
PORTFOLIO
TURNOVER
|
22
|
TAXATION
|
22
|
NET
ASSET VALUE
|
27
|
BENEFICIAL
OWNERS
|
27
|
GENERAL
INFORMATION
|
28
|
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
|
29
|
No
person has been authorized to give any information or to make any
representations in connection with this offering other than those contained in
this prospectus in connection with the offer contained herein, and, if given or
made, such other information or representations must not be relied upon as
having been authorized by the Fund, the Investment Adviser or the underwriters.
Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor any sale made hereunder will, under
any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the
affairs of the Fund since the date hereof or that the information contained
herein is correct as of any time subsequent to its date. This prospectus does
not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any
securities other than the securities to which it relates. This prospectus does
not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy such
securities in any circumstance in which such an offer or solicitation is
unlawful.
APPENDIX
A
CORPORATE
BOND RATINGS
MOODY'S
INVESTORS SERVICE, INC.
Aaa
|
Bonds
that are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the
smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as "gilt
edge." Interest payments are protected by a large or exceptionally stable
margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are
likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to
impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
|
Aa
|
Bonds
that are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards.
Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high
grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of
protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of
protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other
elements present that make the long-term risk appear somewhat larger than
in Aaa Securities.
|
A
|
Bonds
that are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to
be considered as upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security
to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be
present that suggest a susceptibility to impairment some time in the
future.
|
Baa
|
Bonds
that are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations i.e., they
are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and
principal security appear adequate for the present, but certain protective
elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any
great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment
characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as
well.
|
Ba
|
Bonds
that are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future
cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and
principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded
during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position
characterizes bonds in this class.
|
B
|
Bonds
that are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable
investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance
of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.
Moody's applies numerical modifiers (1, 2, and 3) with respect to the
bonds rated Aa through B. The modifier 1 indicates that the company ranks
in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates
a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates that the company ranks
in the lower end of its generic rating category.
|
Caa
|
Bonds
that are rated Caa are of poor standing. These issues may be in default or
there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or
interest.
|
Ca
|
Bonds
that are rated Ca represent obligations that are speculative in a high
degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked
shortcomings.
|
C
|
Bonds
that are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated
can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any
real investment standing.
|
STANDARD
& POOR'S RATINGS SERVICES
AAA
|
This
is the highest rating assigned by S&P to a debt obligation and
indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay interest and repay
principal.
|
AA
|
Debt
rated AA has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal
and differs from AAA issues only in small degree.
|
A
|
Principal
and interest payments on bonds in this category are regarded as
safe. Debt rated A has a strong capacity to pay interest and
repay principal although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse
effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in
higher rated categories.
|
BBB
|
This
is the lowest investment grade. Debt rated BBB has an adequate
capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Whereas it
normally exhibits adequate protection parameters, adverse economic
conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened
capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category
than in higher rated categories.
|
Speculative
Grade
Debt
rated BB, CCC, CC, and C are regarded, on balance, as predominantly speculative
with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with
the terms of the obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of
speculation, and C the highest degree of speculation. While such debt
will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are
outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse
conditions. Debt rated C 1 is reserved for income bonds on which no
interest is being paid and debt rated D is in payment default.
In
July 1994, S&P initiated an "r" symbol to its ratings. The "r"
symbol is attached to derivatives, hybrids and certain other obligations that
S&P believes may experience high variability in expected returns due to
noncredit risks created by the terms of the obligations.
AA
to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative
standing within the major categories.
"NR"
indicates that no public rating has been requested, that there is insufficient
information on which to base a rating, or that S&P does not rate a
particular type of obligation as a matter of policy.
The Gabelli Convertible and Income
Securities Fund Inc.
Preferred
Stock
Notes
PROSPECTUS
,
2008
Filed
Pursuant to Rule 497
Registration
Statement No. 333- 149938
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT
(To
Prospectus dated __________, 2008)
__________
Shares
[GRAPHIC
OMITTED]
Series
[ ] Preferred Stock
We
are offering for sale ________ shares of our Series __ Preferred Stock, par
value $0.001 per share (the "Series __ Preferred Shares"). Our common
stock ("common shares") is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE")
under the symbol "GCV" and our Series B Preferred Stock ("Series B Preferred
Shares") is listed on the NYSE under the symbol "GCV Pr B". On
, the
last reported sale price of our common shares was
$ and
the last reported sale prices of our Series B Preferred Shares was
$ .
You
should review the information set forth under "Risk Factors and Special
Considerations" on page __ of the accompanying Prospectus before investing in
our preferred stock ("preferred shares").
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Public
offering price
|
$____
|
|
$____
|
|
|
Underwriting
discounts and commissions
|
$____
|
|
$____
|
|
|
Proceeds,
before expenses, to us
|
$____
|
|
$____
|
|
________________________
(1)
|
The
aggregate expenses of the offering are estimated to be $________, which
represents approximately $____ per
share.
|
The
Series __ Preferred Shares will be ready for delivery on or about __________,
____.
You
should read this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus before
deciding whether to invest in our preferred shares and retain it for future
reference. The Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus
contain important information about us. Material that has been
incorporated by reference and other information about us can be obtained from us
by calling 800-GABELLI (422-3554) or from the Securities and Exchange
Commission's ("SEC") website (http://www.sec.gov).
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these
securities or determined if this Prospectus Supplement is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
____________,
____
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Prospectus
Supplement
|
Page
|
TERMS
OF THE SERIES ___ PREFERRED SHARES
|
P-3
|
USE
OF PROCEEDS
|
P-4
|
CAPITALIZATION
|
P-4
|
ASSET
COVERAGE RATIO
|
P-4
|
SPECIAL
CHARACTERISTICS AND RISKS OF THE PREFERRED SHARES
|
P-4
|
TAXATION
|
P-4
|
UNDERWRITING
|
P-4
|
LEGAL
MATTERS
|
P-4
|
TERMS
OF THE SERIES ___ PREFERRED SHARES
Dividend
Rate
|
The
dividend rate [for the initial dividend period]1
will be ___%.
|
Dividend
Payment Rate
|
[Dividends
will be paid when, as and if declared on __________, __________,
__________, and __________, commencing __________.]2 [ The
payment date for the initial dividend period will be __________.]1
|
[Regular
Dividend Period
|
Regular
dividend periods will be ____ days.]1
|
[Regular
Auction Date
|
Auctions
will be held on __________.]1
|
Liquidation
Preference
|
$______
per share
|
[Non-Call
Period
|
The
shares may not be called for redemption at the option of the Fund prior to
__________.]2
|
[Stock
Exchange Listing]2
|
|
Rating
|
It
is a condition of issuance that the preferred shares be rated
[
]
by [
].
|
________________________
|
1 Applicable
only if the preferred shares being offered are auction rate preferred
shares.
|
|
2 Applicable
only if the preferred shares being offered are fixed rate preferred
shares.
|
USE
OF PROCEEDS
We
estimate the total net proceeds of the offering to be $_________ , based on the
public offering price of $_____ per share and after deduction of the
underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable
by us.
The
Investment Adviser expects that it will initially invest the proceeds of the
offering in high-quality short-term income securities and
instruments. The Investment Adviser anticipates that the investment
of the proceeds will be made in accordance with the Fund's investment objective
and policies as appropriate investment opportunities are identified, which is
expected to be substantially completed within three months; however, changes in
market conditions could result in the Fund's anticipated investment period
extending to as long as six months.
CAPITALIZATION
[To
be provided.]
ASSET
COVERAGE RATIO
[To
be provided.]
SPECIAL
CHARACTERISTICS AND RISKS OF THE PREFERRED SHARES
[To
be provided.]
TAXATION
Please
refer to the Taxation sections in the Fund Prospectus and Fund Statement of
Additional Information for a description of the tax consequences of investing in
the preferred shares of the Fund.
UNDERWRITING
[To
be provided.]
LEGAL
MATTERS
Certain
legal matters will be passed on by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP,
New York, New York, counsel to the Fund in connection with the offering of the
Series __ Preferred Shares. Certain legal matters in connection with this
offering will be passed on for the underwriters by
__________________________.
Filed
Pursuant to Rule 497
Registration
Statement No. 333- 149938
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT
(To
Prospectus dated __________, 2008)
[GRAPHIC
OMITTED]
Notes
[Specify Title]
We
are offering for sale _____ promissory notes. Our common shares are
listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") under the symbol "GCV" and
our Series B Preferred Shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol "GCV Pr
B". On
, the
last reported sale price of our common shares was
$ and
the last reported sale prices of our Series B Preferred Shares was
$ .
You
should review the information set forth under "Risk Factors and Special
Considerations" on page __ of the accompanying Prospectus before investing in
our notes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Public
offering price
|
$____
|
|
$____
|
|
|
Underwriting
discounts and commissions
|
$____
|
|
$____
|
|
|
Proceeds,
before expenses, to us
|
$____
|
|
$____
|
|
________________________
(1)
|
The
aggregate expenses of the offering are estimated to be $________, which
represents approximately $____ per
note.
|
The
notes will be ready for delivery on or about __________, ____.
You
should read this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus before
deciding whether to invest in our notes and retain it for future
reference. The Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus
contain important information about us. Material that has been
incorporated by reference and other information about us can be obtained from us
by calling 800-GABELLI (422-3554) or from the Securities and Exchange
Commission's ("SEC") website (http://www.sec.gov).
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these
securities or determined if this Prospectus Supplement is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
____________,
____
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Prospectus
Supplement
|
Page
|
TERMS
OF THE NOTES
|
P-3
|
USE
OF PROCEEDS
|
P-4
|
CAPITALIZATION
|
P-4
|
ASSET
COVERAGE RATIO
|
P-4
|
SPECIAL
CHARACTERISTICS AND RISKS OF THE NOTES
|
P-4
|
TAXATION
|
P-4
|
UNDERWRITING
|
P-4
|
LEGAL
MATTERS
|
P-4
|
TERMS
OF THE NOTES
Principal
Amount
|
The
principal amount of the notes is $_______ in the aggregate.
|
Maturity
|
The
principal amount of the notes will become due and payable on _______,
___.
|
Interest
Rate
|
The
interest rate will be ___%.
|
Frequency
of payment
|
Interest
will be paid __________commencing __________.
|
Prepayment
Protections
|
|
[Stock
Exchange Listing]
|
|
Rating
|
It
is a condition of issuance that the notes be
rated [
] by
[
].
|
USE
OF PROCEEDS
We
estimate the total net proceeds of the offering to be $_________ , based on the
public offering price of $_____ per note and after deduction of the underwriting
discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by
us.
The
Investment Adviser expects that it will initially invest the proceeds of the
offering in high-quality short-term income securities and
instruments. The Investment Adviser anticipates that the investment
of the proceeds will be made in accordance with the Fund's investment objective
and policies as appropriate investment opportunities are identified, which is
expected to be substantially completed within three months; however, changes in
market conditions could result in the Fund's anticipated investment period
extending to as long as six months.
CAPITALIZATION
[To
be provided.]
ASSET
COVERAGE RATIO
[To
be provided.]
SPECIAL
CHARACTERISTICS AND RISKS OF THE NOTES
[To
be provided.]
TERMS
OF THE NOTES
[To
be provided.]
TAXATION
Please
refer to the Taxation sections in the Fund Prospectus and Fund Statement of
Additional Information for a description of investing in notes of the
Fund.
UNDERWRITING
[To
be provided.]
LEGAL
MATTERS
Certain
legal matters will be passed on by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP,
New York, New York, counsel to the Fund in connection with the offering of the
notes. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed on
for the underwriters by __________________________.
SUBJECT
TO COMPLETION
Dated
June 9 , 2008
THE
GABELLI CONVERTIBLE AND INCOME SECURITIES FUND INC.
STATEMENT
OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
THE
INFORMATION IN THIS STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY
BE CHANGED. THE FUND MAY NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION
STATEMENT FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND
IT IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE
OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.
The
Gabelli Convertible and Income Securities Fund Inc. (the "Fund") is a
diversified, closed-end management investment company registered under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"). The Fund
seeks a high level of total return on its assets through a combination of
current income and capital appreciation. The Fund invests primarily
in a portfolio of convertible and income producing securities selected by
Gabelli Funds, LLC, the investment adviser to the Fund (the "Investment
Adviser"). It is the policy of the Fund, under normal market
conditions, to invest at least 80% of the value of its total assets in
"Convertible Securities," i.e., debt or equity securities (bonds, debentures,
notes, stocks and other similar securities) that are convertible into common
stock or other equity securities, and "Income Securities," i.e., securities that
are expected to periodically accrue or generate income for securities holders,
including short-term discounted Treasury Bills. The Fund expects to
continue its practice of focusing on Convertible Securities to the extent
attractive opportunities are available.
This
Statement of Additional Information (the "SAI") does not constitute a
prospectus, but should be read in conjunction with the Fund's P rospectus
relating thereto dated _______, 2008, and as it may be supplemented. This SAI
does not include all information that a prospective investor should consider
before investing in the Fund's stock, and investors should obtain and read the
Fund's prospectus prior to purchasing such stock. A copy of the
Fund's Registration Statement, including the prospectus and any supplement, may
be obtained from the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") upon payment
of the fee prescribed, or inspected at the SEC's office or via its website
(www.sec.gov) at no charge.
This
SAI is dated June 9 , 2008.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
|
Page
|
THE
FUND
|
1
|
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
|
1
|
INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS
|
10
|
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
|
11
|
AUCTIONS
FOR AUCTION RATE PREFERRED SHARES
|
19
|
PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS
|
21
|
PORTFOLIO
TURNOVER
|
22
|
TAXATION
|
22
|
NET
ASSET VALUE
|
28
|
BENEFICIAL
OWNERS
|
28
|
GENERAL
INFORMATION
|
29
|
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
|
30
|
THE
FUND
The
Gabelli Convertible and Income Securities Fund Inc is a diversified, closed-end
management investment company organized under the laws of the State of
Maryland. The Fund was incorporated in Maryland on December 19, 1988
as an open-end, diversified, management investment company, and converted to
closed-end status after receiving shareholder approval of its Charter on
February 21, 1995 and filing the Charter in Maryland on March 31,
1995. The Fund's common stock ("common shares") is listed on the New
York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") under the symbol "GCV." Certain
series of the Fund's preferred stock ("preferred shares") are listed on an
exchange. The Fund's 6% Series B Cumulative Preferred Stock, liquidation
preference $25 per share (the "Series B Preferred") is traded on the NYSE
under the symbol "GCV Pr B". The Fund's Series C Auction Rate
Cumulative Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $25,000 per share (the
"Series C Auction Rate Preferred") is not listed on an
exchange. The Fund previously had 600,000 shares of Series A
Preferred Stock outstanding, however all 600,000 shares of the Series A
Preferred Stock were redeemed by the Fund on February 11, 2003.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
Investment
Objective
The
Fund's investment objective is to seek a high level of total return on
its assets. Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at
least 80% of the value of its total assets in "Convertible Securities," i.e.,
securities (bonds, debentures, notes, stocks and other similar securities) that
are convertible into common stock or other equity securities, and "Income
Securities," i.e., securities that are expected to periodically accrue or
generate income for their holders, including short-term discounted Treasury
Bills. The Fund expects to continue its practice of focusing on
Convertible Securities to the extent attractive opportunities are
available.
Additional
Investment Policies
Convertible
Securities. A Convertible
Security entitles the holder to exchange such security for a fixed number of
shares of common stock or other equity security, usually of the same company, at
fixed prices within a specified period of time and to receive the fixed income
of a bond or the dividend preference of a preferred stock until the holder
elects to exercise the conversion privilege. The fixed income or
dividend component of a Convertible Security is referred to as the security's
"investment value."
A
Convertible Security's position in a company's capital structure depends upon
its particular provisions. In the case of subordinated convertible
debentures, the holder's claims on assets and earnings are subordinated to the
claims of others and are senior to the claims of common
stockholders.
To
the degree that the price of a Convertible Security rises above its investment
value because of a rise in price of the underlying common stock, the value of
such security is influenced more by price fluctuations of the underlying common
stock and less by its investment value. The price of a Convertible
Security that is supported principally by its conversion value will rise along
with any increase in the price of the common stock, and such price generally
will decline along with any decline in the price of the common stock except that
the security will receive additional support as its price approaches investment
value. A Convertible Security purchased or held at a time when its
price is influenced by its conversion value will produce a lower yield than
nonconvertible senior securities with comparable investment
values. Convertible Securities may be purchased by the Fund at
varying price levels above their investment values and/or their conversion
values in keeping with the Fund's investment objective.
Many
Convertible Securities in which the Fund will invest have call provisions
entitling the issuer to redeem the security at a specified time and at a
specified price. This is one of the features of a Convertible
Security which affects valuation. Calls may vary from absolute calls
to provisional calls. Convertible Securities with superior call
protection usually trade at a higher premium. If long-term interest
rates decline, the interest rates of new Convertible Securities will also
decline. Therefore, in a falling interest rate environment companies
may be expected to call Convertible Securities with high coupons and the Fund
would have to invest the proceeds from such called issues in securities with
lower coupons. Thus, Convertible Securities with superior call
protection will permit the Fund to maintain a higher yield than with issues
without call protection.
Income
Securities. Although it is the Fund's policy to invest in
Convertible Securities to the extent attractive opportunities are available, the
Fund may also invest in Income Securities other than Convertible Securities that
are expected to periodically accrue or generate income for their
holders. Such Income Securities include (i) fixed income securities
such as bonds, debentures, notes, stock, short-term discounted Treasury Bills or
certain securities of U.S. government sponsored instrumentalities, as well
as money market mutual funds that invest in those securities, which, in the
absence of an applicable exemptive order, will not be affiliated with the
Investment Adviser, and (ii) common stocks of issuers that have historically
paid dividends. Fixed income securities obligate the issuer to pay to
the holder of the security a specified return, which may be either fixed or
reset periodically in accordance with the terms of the
security. Fixed income securities generally are senior to an issuer's
common stock and their holders generally are entitled to
receive amounts due before any distributions are made to common
stockholders. Common stocks generally do not obligate an issuer to
make periodic distributions to holders.
The
market value of fixed income securities, especially those that provide a fixed
rate of return, may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates
and in general is affected by the credit rating of the issuer, the issuer's
performance and perceptions of the issuer in the market place. The
market value of callable or redeemable fixed income securities may also be
affected by the issuer's call and redemption rights. It is possible
that the issuer of fixed income securities may not be able to meet its payment
obligations on interest or principal to holders. Further, holders of
non-convertible fixed income securities do not participate in any capital
appreciation of the issuer.
The
Fund may also invest in obligations of U.S. government sponsored
instrumentalities. Unlike non-U.S. government securities,
obligations of certain agencies and instrumentalities of the
U.S. government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association, are
supported by the "full faith and credit" of the U.S. government; others,
such as those of the Export-Import Bank of the U.S., are supported by the right
of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of
the Federal National Mortgage Association, are supported by the discretionary
authority of the U.S. government to purchase the agency's obligations; and
still others, such as those of the Student Loan Marketing Association, are
supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. No assurance can
be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support to
U.S. government sponsored instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so
by law.
The
Fund also may invest in common stock of issuers that have historically paid
dividends or otherwise made distributions to common
stockholders. Unlike payments on fixed income securities, common
stock dividend payments generally are not guaranteed and so may be discontinued
by the issuer at its discretion or because of the issuer's inability to satisfy
its liabilities. Further, an issuer's history of paying dividends
does not guarantee that it will continue to pay dividends in the
future. In addition to dividends, under certain circumstances the
holders of common stock may benefit from the capital appreciation of the
issuer.
Other
Investments. The Fund may without limit invest in securities
of companies for which a tender or exchange offer has been made or announced and
in securities of companies for which a merger, consolidation, liquidation or
reorganization proposal has been announced if, in the judgment of the Investment
Adviser, there is a reasonable prospect of capital appreciation significantly
greater than the brokerage and other transaction expenses involved.
In
general, securities which are the subject of such an offer or proposal sell at a
premium to their historic market price immediately prior to the announcement of
the offer or may also discount what the stated or appraised value of the
security would be if the contemplated transaction were approved or
consummated. Such investments may be advantageous when: the discount
significantly overstates the risk of the contingencies involved; the market
significantly undervalues the securities, assets or cash to be received by
stockholders of the prospective portfolio company as a result of the
contemplated transaction; or the market fails adequately to recognize the
possibility that the offer or proposal may be replaced or superseded by an offer
or proposal of greater value. The evaluation of such contingencies
requires unusually broad knowledge and experience on the part of the Investment
Adviser which must appraise not only the value of the issuer and its component
businesses as well as the assets or securities to be received as a result of the
contemplated transaction but also the financial resources and business
motivation of the offeror and the dynamics and business climate when the offer
or proposal is in process.
In
making the investments, the Fund will not violate any of its investment
restrictions (see below, "Investment Restrictions") including the requirement
that, (i) as to 75% of its total assets, it will not invest more than 5% of its
total assets in the securities of any one issuer and (ii) it will not invest
more than 25% of its total assets in any one industry. Certain
investments are short-term in nature and will tend to increase the turnover
ratio of the Fund thereby increasing its brokerage and other transaction
expenses.
Unregistered
Convertible Securities and Other Illiquid Investments. As set
forth in the Prospectus, the Fund is not subject to an independent limitation on
the amount it may invest in unregistered securities and other illiquid
investments, including repurchase agreements having a maturity of longer than
seven days.
The
staff of the SEC has taken the position that purchased over-the-counter ("OTC")
options and the assets used as "cover" for written OTC options are
illiquid. The assets used as cover for OTC options written by the
Fund will be considered illiquid unless the OTC options are sold to qualified
dealers who agree that the Fund may repurchase any OTC option it writes at a
maximum price to be calculated by a formula set forth in the option
agreement. The cover for an OTC option written subject to this
procedure will be considered illiquid only to the extent that the maximum
repurchase price under the option formula exceeds the intrinsic value of the
option.
When Issued and
Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments. As
discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund may purchase securities on a "when, as and
if issued" basis under which the issuance of the security depends upon the
occurrence of a subsequent event, such as approval of a merger, corporate
reorganization or debt restructuring. The commitment for the purchase
of any such security will not be recognized in the portfolio of the Fund until
the Investment Adviser determines that issuance of the security is
probable. At such time, the Fund will record the transaction and, in
determining its net asset value, will reflect the value of the security
daily. At such time, the Fund will also establish a segregated
account with its custodian bank in which it will maintain cash or liquid
high-grade debt securities at least equal in value to the amount of its
commitments. The Investment Adviser does not believe that the net
asset value of the Fund will be adversely affected by its purchase of securities
on this basis.
Foreign
Securities. Subject to the limitations described in the
Prospectus, the Fund may invest in foreign securities which involve certain
risks not associated with domestic investments.
Among
other risks, foreign markets have different clearance and settlement procedures,
and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have failed to
keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to
conduct such transactions. Delays in settlements could result in
temporary periods when assets of the Fund are uninvested and no return is earned
thereon. The inability of the Fund to make intended security
purchases due to settlement problems could cause the Fund to miss attractive
investment opportunities. Inability to dispose of a portfolio
security due to settlement problems could result either in losses to the Fund
due to subsequent declines in the value of such portfolio security or, if the
Fund has entered into a contract to sell the security, could result in possible
liability to the purchaser.
High Yield/High
Risk Securities. Subject to the limitations described in the
Prospectus, the Fund may invest in high yielding, lower rated bonds, commonly
called "junk bonds." Bonds that are rated Ba or lower by Moody's Investors
Services, Inc. ("Moody's") or BB or lower by Standard & Poor's Rating
Services ("S&P"), or unrated bonds of comparable quality, are generally
considered to be high yield bonds. These high yield bonds are subject
to greater risks than lower yielding, higher rated debt securities.
Lower
rated securities are subject to risk factors such as: (i) vulnerability to
economic downturns and changes in interest rates; (ii) sensitivity to adverse
economic changes and corporate developments; (iii) redemption or call provisions
which may be exercised at inopportune times; (iv) difficulty in accurately
valuing or disposing of such securities; (v) federal legislation which could
affect the market for such securities; and (vi) special adverse tax consequences
associated with investments in certain high yield, high risk bonds structured as
zero coupon or pay-in-kind securities.
High
yield bonds, like other bonds, may contain redemption or call
provisions. If an issuer exercises these provisions in a declining
interest rate market, the Fund would have to replace the security with a lower
yielding security, resulting in lower return for
investors. Conversely, a high yield bond's value will decrease in a
rising interest rate market.
The
market for high yield bonds is in some cases more thinly traded than the market
for investment grade bonds, and recent market quotations may not be available
for some of these bonds. Market quotations are generally available
only from a limited number of dealers and may not represent firm bids from such
dealers or prices for actual sales. As a result, the Fund may have
greater difficulty valuing the high yield bonds in its portfolio accurately and
disposing of these bonds at the time or price desired.
Ratings
assigned by Moody's and S&P to high yield bonds, like other bonds, attempt
to evaluate the timeliness of principal and interest payments on those
bonds. However, such ratings do not assess the risk of a decline in
the market value of those bonds. In addition, ratings may fail to
reflect recent events in a timely manner and are subject to
change. If a rating with respect to a portfolio security is changed,
the Investment Adviser will determine whether the security will be retained
based upon the factors the Investment Adviser considers in acquiring or holding
other securities in the portfolio. Investment in high yield bonds may
make achievement of the Fund's investment objective more dependent on the
Investment Adviser's own credit analysis than is the case for higher rated
bonds.
Market
prices for high yield bonds tend to be more sensitive than those for higher
rated securities due to many of the factors described above, including the
creditworthiness of the issuer, redemption or call provisions, the liquidity of
the secondary trading market and changes in credit ratings, as well as interest
rate movements and general economic conditions. In addition, yields
on such bonds will fluctuate over time. An economic downturn could
severely disrupt the market for high yield bonds.
The
risk of default in payment of principal and interest on high yield bonds is
significantly greater than with higher rated debt securities because high yield
bonds are generally unsecured and are often subordinated to other obligations of
the issuer, and because the issuers of high yield bonds usually have high levels
of indebtedness and are more sensitive to adverse economic conditions, such as
recession or increasing interest rates. Upon a default, bondholders
may incur additional expenses in seeking recovery.
As
a result of all these factors, the net asset value of the Fund to the extent it
invests in high yield bonds, is expected to be more volatile than the net asset
value of funds which invest solely in higher rated debt securities.
Options. The
Fund may, from time to time, subject to guidelines of the Board of Directors
(the "Board") and the limitations set forth in the prospectus, purchase or sell
( i.e., write ) options on securities, securities indices and
foreign currencies which are listed on a national securities exchange or in the
OTC market, as a means of achieving additional return or of hedging the value of
the Fund's portfolio. The Fund may write covered call options on
common stock that it owns or has an immediate right to acquire through
conversion or exchange of other securities in an amount not to exceed 25% of
total assets or invest up to 10% of its total assets in the purchase of put
options on common stocks that the Fund owns or may acquire through the
conversion or exchange of other securities that it owns. The Fund may
not write covered call options in an amount exceeding 25% of the value of its
total assets. The Fund's investment in OTC options is limited to 5%
of its total asset.
A
call option is a contract that gives the holder of the option the right to buy
from the writer of the call option, in return for a premium, the security or
currency underlying the option at a specified exercise price at any time during
the term of the option. The writer of the call option has the
obligation, upon exercise of the option, to deliver the underlying security or
currency upon payment of the exercise price during the option
period.
A
put option is a contract that gives the holder of the option the right, in
return for a premium, to sell to the seller the underlying security at a
specified price. The seller of the put option has the obligation to
buy the underlying security upon exercise at the exercise price.
A
call option is "covered" if the Fund owns the underlying instrument covered by
the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that instrument
without additional cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration held
in a segregated account by its custodian) upon conversion or exchange of other
instruments held in its portfolio. A call option is also covered if
the Fund holds a call on the same instrument as the call written where the
exercise price of the call held is (i) equal to or less than the exercise price
of the call written or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written
if the difference is maintained by the Fund in cash, U.S. government securities
or other high-grade short-term obligations in a segregated account with its
custodian. A put option is "covered" if the Fund maintains cash or
other high grade short-term obligations with a value equal to the exercise price
in a segregated account with its custodian, or else holds a put on the same
instrument as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is equal
to or greater than the exercise price of the put written.
If
the Fund has written an option, it may terminate its obligation by effecting a
closing purchase transaction. This is accomplished by purchasing an
option of the same series as the option previously written. However,
once the Fund has been assigned an exercise notice, the Fund will be unable to
effect a closing purchase transaction. Similarly, if the Fund is the
holder of an option it may liquidate its position by effecting a closing sale
transaction. This is accomplished by selling an option of the same
series as the option previously purchased. There can be no assurance
that either a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when the Fund
so desires.
The
Fund will realize a profit from a closing transaction if the price of the
transaction is less than the premium received from writing the option or is more
than the premium paid to purchase the option; the Fund will realize a loss from
a closing transaction if the price of the transaction is more than the premium
received from writing the option or is less than the premium paid to purchase
the option. Since call option prices generally reflect increases in
the price of the underlying security, any loss resulting from the repurchase of
a call option may also be wholly or partially offset by unrealized appreciation
of the underlying security. Other principal factors affecting the
market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest
rates, the current market price and price volatility of the underlying security
and the time remaining until the expiration date. Gains and losses on
investments in options depend, in part, on the ability of the Investment Adviser
to predict correctly the effect of these factors. The use of options
cannot serve as a complete hedge since the price movement of securities
underlying the options will not necessarily follow the price movements of the
portfolio securities subject to the hedge.
An
option position may be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary
market for an option of the same series or in a private
transaction. Although the Fund will generally purchase or write only
those options for which there appears to be an active secondary market, there is
no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange or otherwise will
exist for any particular option. In such event it might not be
possible to effect closing transactions in particular options, so that the Fund
would have to exercise its options in order to realize any profit and would
incur brokerage commissions upon the exercise of call options and upon the
subsequent disposition of underlying securities for the exercise of put
options. If the Fund, as a covered call option writer, is unable to
effect a closing purchase transaction in a secondary market, it will not be able
to sell the underlying security until the option expires or it delivers the
underlying security upon exercise or otherwise covers the position.
Options on
Securities Indices. The Fund may purchase and sell securities
index options. One effect of such transactions may be to hedge all or
part of the Fund's securities holdings against a general decline in the
securities market or a segment of the securities market. Options on
securities indices are similar to options on stocks except that, rather than the
right to take or make delivery of stock at a specified price, an option on a
securities index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the
option, an amount of cash if the closing level of the securities index upon
which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than,
in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option.
The
Fund's successful use of options on indices depends upon its ability to predict
the direction of the market and is subject to various additional
risks. The correlation between movements in the index and the price
of the securities being hedged against is imperfect and the risk from imperfect
correlation increases as the composition of the Fund diverges from the
composition of the relevant index. Accordingly, a decrease in the
value of the securities being hedged against may not be wholly offset by a gain
on the exercise or sale of a securities index put option held by the
Fund.
Options on
Foreign Currencies. Instead of purchasing or selling currency
futures (as described below), the Fund may attempt to accomplish similar
objectives by purchasing put or call options on currencies or by writing put
options or call options on currencies either on exchanges or in OTC
markets. A put option gives the Fund the right to sell a currency at
the exercise price until the option expires. A call option gives the
Fund the right to purchase a currency at the exercise price until the option
expires. Both types of options serve to insure against adverse
currency price movements in the underlying portfolio assets designated in a
given currency. The Fund's use of options on currencies will be
subject to the same limitations as its use of options on securities, described
above and in the Prospectus. Currency options may be subject to
position limits which may limit the ability of the Fund to fully hedge its
positions by purchasing the options.
As
in the case of interest rate futures contracts and options thereon, described
below, the Fund may hedge against the risk of a decrease or increase in the U.S.
dollar value of a foreign currency denominated debt security which the Fund owns
or intends to acquire by purchasing or selling options contracts, futures
contracts or options thereon with respect to a foreign currency other than the
foreign currency in which such debt security is denominated, where the values of
such different currencies (vis-à-vis the U.S. dollar) historically have a high
degree of positive correlation.
Futures Contracts
and Options on Futures. The Fund may enter into futures
contracts or options on futures contracts. It is anticipated that
these investments, if any, will be made by the Fund primarily for the purpose of
hedging against changes in the value of its portfolio securities and in the
value of securities it intends to purchase. Such investments will
only be made if they are economically appropriate to the reduction of risks
involved in the management of the Fund. In this regard, the Fund may
enter into futures contracts or options on futures for the purchase or sale of
securities indices or other financial instruments including but not limited to
U.S. government securities.
A
"sale" of a futures contract (or a "short" futures position) means the
assumption of a contractual obligation to deliver the securities underlying the
contract at a specified price at a specified future time. A
"purchase" of a futures contract (or a "long" futures position) means the
assumption of a contractual obligation to acquire the securities underlying the
contract at a specified price at a specified future time. Certain
futures contracts, including stock and bond index futures, are settled on a net
cash payment basis rather than by the sale and delivery of the securities
underlying the futures contracts.
No
consideration will be paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of
a futures contract. Initially, the Fund will be required to deposit
with the broker an amount of cash or cash equivalents equal to approximately 1%
to 10% of the contract amount (this amount is subject to change by the exchange
or board of trade on which the contract is traded and brokers or members of such
board of trade may charge a higher amount). This amount is known as
the "initial margin" and is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith
deposit on the contract. Subsequent payments, known as "variation
margin," to and from the broker will be made daily as the price of the index or
security underlying the futures contract fluctuates. At any time
prior to the expiration of the futures contract, the Fund may elect to close the
position by taking an opposite position, which will operate to terminate its
existing position in the contract.
An
option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in return for the
premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise
price at any time prior to the expiration of the option. Upon
exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the
option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery of the
accumulated balance in the writer's futures margin account attributable to that
contract, which represents the amount by which the market price of the futures
contract exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put,
the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. The
potential loss related to the purchase of an option on futures contracts is
limited to the premium paid for the option (plus transaction
costs). Because the value of the option purchased is fixed at the
point of sale, there are no daily cash payments by the purchaser to reflect
changes in the value of the underlying contract; however, the value of the
option does change daily and that change would be reflected in the net assets of
the Fund.
Futures
and options on futures entail certain risks, including but not limited to the
following: no assurance that futures contracts or options on futures can be
offset at favorable prices, possible reduction of the yield of the Fund due to
the use of hedging, possible reduction in value of both the securities hedged
and the hedging instrument, possible lack of liquidity due to daily limits on
price fluctuations, imperfect correlation between the contracts and the
securities being hedged, losses from investing in futures transactions that are
potentially unlimited and the segregation requirements described
below.
Interest Rate
Futures Contracts and Options Thereon. The Fund may purchase
or sell interest rate futures contracts to take advantage of or to protect the
Fund against fluctuations in interest rates affecting the value of debt
securities which the Fund holds or intends to acquire. For example,
if interest rates are expected to increase, the Fund might sell futures
contracts on debt securities, the values of which historically have a high
degree of positive correlation to the values of the Fund's portfolio
securities. Such a sale would have an effect similar to selling an
equivalent value of the Fund's portfolio securities. If interest
rates increase, the value of the Fund's portfolio securities will decline, but
the value of the futures contracts to the Fund will increase at approximately an
equivalent rate thereby keeping the net asset value of the Fund from declining
as much as it otherwise would have. The Fund could accomplish similar
results by selling debt securities with longer maturities and investing in debt
securities with shorter maturities when interest rates are expected to
increase. However, since the futures market may be more liquid than
the cash market, the use of futures contracts as a risk management technique
allows the Fund to maintain a defensive position without having to sell its
portfolio securities.
Similarly,
the Fund may purchase interest rate futures contracts when it is expected that
interest rates may decline. The purchase of futures contracts for
this purpose constitutes a hedge against increases in the price of debt
securities (caused by declining interest rates) which the Fund intends to
acquire. Since fluctuations in the value of appropriately selected
futures contracts should approximate that of the debt securities that will be
purchased, the Fund can take advantage of the anticipated rise in the cost of
the debt securities without actually buying them. Subsequently, the
Fund can make its intended purchase of the debt securities in the cash market
and liquidate its futures position. To the extent the Fund enters
into futures contracts for this purpose, it will maintain in a segregated asset
account with the Fund's custodian, assets sufficient to cover the Fund's
obligations with respect to such futures contracts, which will consist of cash
or other liquid securities from its portfolio in an amount equal to the
difference between the fluctuating market value of such futures contracts and
the aggregate value of the initial margin deposited by the Fund with its
custodian with respect to such futures contracts.
The
purchase of a call option on a futures contract is similar in some respects to
the purchase of a call option on an individual security. Depending on
the pricing of the option compared to either the price of the futures contract
upon which it is based or the price of the underlying debt securities, it may or
may not be less risky than ownership of the futures contract or underlying debt
securities. As with the purchase of futures contracts, when the Fund
is not fully invested it may purchase a call option on a futures contract to
hedge against a market advance due to declining interest rates.
The
purchase of a put option on a futures contract is similar to the purchase of
protective put options on portfolio securities. The Fund will
purchase a put option on a futures contract to hedge the Fund's portfolio
against the risk of rising interest rates and consequent reduction in the value
of portfolio securities.
The
writing of a call option on a futures contract constitutes a partial hedge
against declining prices of the securities which are deliverable upon exercise
of the futures contract. If the futures price at expiration of the
option is below the exercise price, the Fund will retain the full amount of the
option premium which provides a partial hedge against any decline that may have
occurred in the Fund's portfolio holdings. The writing of a put
option on a futures contract constitutes a partial hedge against increasing
prices of the securities that are deliverable upon exercise of the futures
contract. If the futures price at expiration of the option is higher
than the exercise price, the Fund will retain the full amount of the option
premium, which provides a partial hedge against any increase in the price of
debt securities that the Fund intends to purchase. If a put or call
option the Fund has written is exercised, the Fund will incur a loss which will
be reduced by the amount of the premium it received. Depending on the
degree of correlation between changes in the value of its portfolio securities
and changes in the value of its futures positions, the Fund's losses from
options on futures it has written may to some extent be reduced or increased by
changes in the value of its portfolio securities.
Currency Futures
and Options Thereon. Generally, foreign currency futures
contracts and options thereon are similar to the interest rate futures contracts
and options thereon discussed previously. By entering into currency
futures and options thereon, the Fund will seek to establish the rate at which
it will be entitled to exchange U.S. dollars for another currency at a future
time. By selling currency futures, the Fund will seek to establish
the number of dollars it will receive at delivery for a certain amount of a
foreign currency. In this way, whenever the Fund anticipates a
decline in the value of a foreign currency against the U.S. dollar, the Fund can
attempt to "lock in" the U.S. dollar value of some or all of the securities held
in its portfolio that are denominated in that currency. By purchasing
currency futures, the Fund can establish the number of dollars it will be
required to pay for a specified amount of a foreign currency in a future
month. Thus, if the Fund intends to buy securities in the future and
expects the U.S. dollar to decline against the relevant foreign currency during
the period before the purchase is effected, the Fund can attempt to "lock in"
the price in U.S. dollars of the securities it intends to acquire.
The
purchase of options on currency futures will allow the Fund, for the price of
the premium and related transaction costs it must pay for the option, to decide
whether or not to buy (in the case of a call option) or to sell (in the case of
a put option) a futures contract at a specified price at any time during the
period before the option expires. If the Investment Adviser, in
purchasing an option, has been correct in its judgment concerning the direction
in which the price of a foreign currency would move against the U.S. dollar, the
Fund may exercise the option and thereby take a futures position to hedge
against the risk it had correctly anticipated or close out the option position
at a gain that will offset, to some extent, currency exchange losses otherwise
suffered by the Fund. If exchange rates move in a way the Fund did
not anticipate, however, the Fund will have incurred the expense of the option
without obtaining the expected benefit; any such movement in exchange rates may
also thereby reduce rather than enhance the Fund's profits on its underlying
securities transactions.
Securities Index
Futures Contracts and Options Thereon. Purchases or sales of
securities index futures contracts are used for hedging purposes to attempt to
protect the Fund's current or intended investments from broad fluctuations in
stock or bond prices. For example, the Fund may sell securities index
futures contracts in anticipation of or during a market decline to attempt to
offset the decrease in market value of the Fund's securities portfolio that
might otherwise result. If such decline occurs, the loss in value of
portfolio securities may be offset, in whole or part, by gains on the futures
position. When the Fund is not fully invested in the securities
market and anticipates a significant market advance, it may purchase securities
index futures contracts in order to gain rapid market exposure that may, in part
or entirely, offset increases in the cost of securities that the Fund intends to
purchase. As such purchases are made, the corresponding positions in
securities index futures contracts will be closed out. The Fund may
write put and call options on securities index futures contracts for hedging
purposes.
Limitations on
the Purchase and Sale of Futures Contracts and Options on Futures
Contracts. Subject to the guidelines of the Board, the Fund
may engage in transactions in futures contracts and options hereon only for bona
fide hedging, yield enhancement and risk management purposes, in each case in
accordance with the rules and regulations of the CFTC.
Regulations
of the CFTC applicable to the Fund permit the Fund's futures and options on
futures transactions to include (i) bona fide hedging transactions without
regard to the percentage of the Fund's assets committed to margin and option
premiums and (ii) non-hedging transactions, provided that the Fund not enter
into such non-hedging transactions if, immediately thereafter, the sum of the
amount of initial margin deposits on the Fund's existing futures positions and
option premiums would exceed 5% of the market value of the Fund's liquidating
value, after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any
such transactions.
In
addition, investment in future contracts and related options generally will be
limited by the rating agency guidelines applicable to any of the Fund's
outstanding preferred shares.
Forward Foreign
Currency Exchange Contracts. The Fund may enter into forward
foreign currency exchange contracts to protect the value of its portfolio
against uncertainty in the level of future currency exchange rates between a
particular foreign currency and the U.S. dollar or between foreign currencies in
which its securities are or may be denominated. The Fund may enter
into such contracts on a spot, i.e., cash, basis at the rate then prevailing in
the currency exchange market or on a forward basis, by entering into a forward
contract to purchase or sell currency. A forward contract on foreign
currency is an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future
date, which may be any fixed number of days agreed upon by the parties from the
date of the contract at a price set on the date of the
contract. Forward currency contracts (i) are traded in a market
conducted directly between currency traders (typically, commercial banks or
other financial institutions) and their customers, (ii) generally have no
deposit requirements and (iii) are typically consummated without payment of any
commissions. The Fund, however, may enter into forward currency contracts
requiring deposits or involving the payment of commissions. To assure
that its forward currency contracts are not used to achieve investment leverage,
the Fund will segregate liquid assets consisting of cash, U.S. Government
Securities or other liquid securities with its custodian, or a designated
sub-custodian, in an amount at all times equal to or exceeding its commitment
with respect to the contracts.
The
dealings of the Fund in forward foreign exchange are limited to hedging
involving either specific transactions or portfolio positions. Transaction
hedging is the purchase or sale of one forward foreign currency for another
currency with respect to specific receivables or payables of the Fund accruing
in connection with the purchase and sale of its portfolio securities or its
payment of distributions. Position hedging is the purchase or sale of one
forward foreign currency for another currency with respect to portfolio security
positions denominated or quoted in the foreign currency to offset the effect of
an anticipated substantial appreciation or depreciation, respectively, in the
value of the currency relative to the U.S. dollar. In this situation,
the Fund also may, for example, enter into a forward contract to sell or
purchase a different foreign currency for a fixed U.S. dollar amount where it is
believed that the U.S. dollar value of the currency to be sold or bought
pursuant to the forward contract will fall or rise, as the case may be, whenever
there is a decline or increase, respectively, in the U.S. dollar value of the
currency in which its portfolio securities are denominated (this practice being
referred to as a "cross-hedge").
In
hedging a specific transaction, the Fund may enter into a forward contract with
respect to either the currency in which the transaction is denominated or
another currency deemed appropriate by the Investment Adviser. The amount the
Fund may invest in forward currency contracts is limited to the amount of its
aggregate investments in foreign currencies.
The
use of forward currency contracts may involve certain risks, including the
failure of the counterparty to perform its obligations under the contract, and
such use may not serve as a complete hedge because of an imperfect correlation
between movements in the prices of the contracts and the prices of the
currencies hedged or used for cover. The Fund will only enter into forward
currency contracts with parties which it believes to be creditworthy
institutions.
Under
current interpretations of the SEC and its staff under the 1940 Act , the
Fund must segregate with its custodian liquid assets, or engage in other SEC or
staff approved measures, to "cover" open positions in certain types of
derivative instruments. The purpose of these requirements is to
prevent the Fund from incurring excessive leverage through such
instruments. In the case of futures and forward contracts, for
example, that are not required as a result of one or more contractual
arrangements to settle for cash only in an amount equal to the change in value
of the contract over its term but rather may settle through physical delivery or
in the notional amount, the Fund must segregate liquid assets equal to such
contract's full notional value while its position is open. With
respect to contracts that the Fund is contractionally obligated to settle for
cash in an amount equal to the change in value of the contract, the Fund needs
to segregate liquid assets only in an amount equal to the Fund's unpaid mark to
market obligation rather than the entire notional amount. This is
because the Fund's maximum potential obligation at that point in time is its net
unpaid mark to market obligation rather than the full notional
amount.
Securities of
Investment Companies. To the extent permitted by law, the Fund
may invest in investment company securities, including preferred shares and the
common equity of such companies. Investments in the common equity of
investment companies will cause the Fund to bear a ratable share of any such
investment company's expenses, including management fees. The Fund
will also remain obligated to pay management fees to the Investment Adviser with
respect to the assets invested in any securities of another investment company.
In these circumstances, holders of the Fund's common shares will be subject to
duplicative investment expenses.
Warrants and
Rights. The Fund may invest without limit in warrants or
rights (including those acquired in units or attached to other securities) that
entitle the holder to buy equity securities at a specific price for a specific
period of time but will do so only if such equity securities are deemed
appropriate by the Investment Adviser for inclusion in the Fund's
portfolio.
Asset-Backed and
Mortgage-Backed Securities. The Fund may invest in
asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities. Mortgage-backed
securities represents ownership of an undivided interest in a pool of mortgages.
Aggregate principal and interest payments received from the pool are used to pay
principal and interest on a mortgage-backed security. Asset-backed
securities are similar to mortgage-backed securities except they represent
ownership in a pool of notes or receivables on assets other than real estate,
such as loans, leases, credit card receivables or royalties.
Loans of
Portfolio Securities. Consistent with applicable regulatory
requirements and the Fund's investment restrictions, the Fund may lend its
portfolio securities to securities broker-dealers or financial institutions,
provided that such loans are callable at any time by the Fund (subject to notice
provisions described below), and are at all times supported by cash or cash
equivalents, which are maintained for the benefit of the Fund in a segregated
account pursuant to applicable regulations and that are at least equal to the
market value, determined daily, of the loaned securities. The
advantage of such loans is that the Fund continues to receive the income on the
loaned securities while at the same time earns interest on the cash amounts
deposited as collateral, which will be invested in short-term
obligations. The Fund's loans of portfolio securities will be
collateralized in accordance with applicable regulatory
requirements.
A
loan may generally be terminated by the borrower on one business day notice, or
by the Fund on five business days notice. If the borrower fails to
deliver the loaned securities within five days after receipt of notice, the Fund
could use the collateral to replace the securities while holding the borrower
liable for any excess of replacement cost over collateral. As with
any extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery and in some cases
even loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities
violate the terms of the loan or fail financially. However, these
loans of portfolio securities will only be made to firms deemed by the Fund's
management to be creditworthy and when the income which can be earned from such
loans justifies the attendant risks. The Board will oversee the
creditworthiness of the contracting parties on an ongoing basis. Upon
termination of the loan, the borrower is required to return the securities to
the Fund. Any gain or loss in the market price during the loan period
would inure to the Fund. The risks associated with loans of portfolio
securities are substantially similar to those associated with repurchase
agreements. Thus, if the counter party to the loan petitions for
bankruptcy or becomes subject to the United States Bankruptcy Code, the law
regarding the rights of the Fund is unsettled. As a result, under
extreme circumstances, there may be a restriction on the Fund's ability to sell
the collateral and the Fund would suffer a loss. When voting or
consent rights which accompany loaned securities pass to the borrower, the Fund
will follow the policy of calling the loaned securities, to be delivered within
one day after notice, to permit the exercise of such rights if the matters
involved would have a material effect on the Fund's investment in such loaned
securities. The Fund will pay reasonable finder's, administrative and
custodial fees in connection with a loan of its securities.
Repurchase
Agreements. The Fund may engage in repurchase agreements as
set forth in the Prospectus. A repurchase agreement is an instrument
under which the purchaser, i.e., the Fund, acquires a debt security and the
seller agrees, at the time of the sale, to repurchase the obligation at a
mutually agreed upon time and price, thereby determining the yield during the
purchaser's holding period. This results in a fixed rate of return
insulated from market fluctuations during such period. The underlying
securities are ordinarily U.S. Treasury or other government
obligations or high quality money market instruments. The Fund will
require that the value of such underlying securities, together with any other
collateral held by the Fund, always equals or exceeds the amount of the
repurchase obligations of the counter party. The Fund's risk is
primarily that, if the seller defaults, the proceeds from the disposition of the
underlying securities and other collateral for the seller's obligation are less
than the repurchase price. If the seller becomes insolvent, the Fund
might be delayed in or prevented from selling the collateral. In the
event of a default or bankruptcy by a seller, the Fund will promptly seek to
liquidate the collateral. To the extent that the proceeds from any
sale of such collateral upon a default in the obligation to repurchase are less
than the repurchase price, the Fund will experience a loss.
If
the financial institution which is a party to the repurchase agreement petitions
for bankruptcy or becomes subject to the United States Bankruptcy Code, the law
regarding the rights of the Fund is unsettled. As a result, under
extreme circumstances, there may be a restriction on the Fund's ability to sell
the collateral and the Fund would suffer a loss.
Additional
Risks Relating to Derivative Investments
Special Risk
Considerations Relating to Futures and Options Thereon. The
Fund's ability to establish and close out positions in futures contracts and
options thereon will be subject to the development and maintenance of liquid
markets. Although the Fund generally will purchase or sell only those
futures contracts and options thereon for which there appears to be a liquid
market, there is no assurance that a liquid market on an exchange will exist for
any particular futures contract or option thereon at any particular
time. In the event no liquid market exists for a particular futures
contract or option thereon in which the Fund maintains a position, it will not
be possible to effect a closing transaction in that contract or to do so at a
satisfactory price and the Fund would have to either make or take delivery under
the futures contract or, in the case of a written option, wait to sell the
underlying securities until the option expires or is exercised or, in the case
of a purchased option, exercise the option. In the case of a futures
contract or an option thereon which the Fund has written and which the Fund is
unable to close, the Fund would be required to maintain margin deposits on the
futures contract or option thereon and to make variation margin payments until
the contract is closed.
Successful
use of futures contracts and options thereon and forward contracts by the Fund
is subject to the ability of the Investment Adviser to predict correctly
movements in the direction of interest and foreign currency rates. If
the Investment Adviser's expectations are not met, the Fund will be in a worse
position than if a hedging strategy had not been pursued. For
example, if the Fund has hedged against the possibility of an increase in
interest rates that would adversely affect the price of securities in its
portfolio and the price of such securities increases instead, the Fund will lose
part or all of the benefit of the increased value of its securities because it
will have offsetting losses in its futures positions. In addition, in
such situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily variation
margin requirements, it may have to sell securities to meet the
requirements. These sales may be, but will not necessarily be, at
increased prices which reflect the rising market. The Fund may have
to sell securities at a time when it is disadvantageous to do so.
Additional Risks
of Foreign Options, Futures Contracts, Options on Futures Contracts and Forward
Contracts. Options, futures contracts and options thereon and
forward contracts on securities and currencies may be traded on foreign
exchanges. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as
similar transactions in the United States, may not involve a clearing mechanism
and related guarantees, and are subject to the risk of governmental actions
affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign
securities. The
value
of such positions also could be adversely affected by (i) other complex foreign
political, legal and economic factors, (ii) lesser availability than in the
United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (iii) delays in the
Fund's ability to act upon economic events occurring in the foreign markets
during non-business hours in the United States, (iv) the imposition of different
exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the
United States and (v) lesser trading volume.
Exchanges
on which options, futures and options on futures are traded may impose limits on
the positions that the Fund may take in certain circumstances.
Swaps
.. The Fund may enter into total rate of return, credit default or
other types of swaps and related derivatives for the purpose of hedging and risk
management. These transactions generally provide for the transfer
from one counterparty to another of certain risks inherent in the ownership of a
financial asset such as a common stock or debt instrument. Such risks
include, among other things, the risk of default and insolvency of the obligor
of such asset, the risk that the credit of the obligor or the underlying
collateral will decline or the risk that the common stock of the underlying issuer will decline in value. The transfer
of risk pursuant to a derivative of this type may be complete or partial,
and may be for the life of the related asset or for a shorter
period. These derivatives may be used as a risk management tool for a
pool of financial assets, providing the Fund with the opportunity to gain or
reduce exposure to one or more reference securities or other financial assets
(each, a "Reference Asset") without actually owning or selling such assets in
order, for example, to increase or reduce a concentration risk or to diversify a
portfolio. Conversely, these derivatives may be used by the Fund to
reduce exposure to an owned asset without selling it.
Because
the Fund would not own the Reference Assets, the Fund may not have any voting
rights with respect to the Reference Assets, and in such cases all decisions
related to the obligors or issuers of the Reference Assets, including whether to
exercise certain remedies, will be controlled by the swap
counterparties.
Total
rate of return swaps and similar derivatives are subject to many risks,
including the possibility that the market will move in a manner or direction
that would have resulted in gain for the Fund had the swap or other derivative
not been utilized (in which case it would have been better had the Fund not
engaged in the interest rate hedging transactions), the risk of imperfect
correlation between the risk sought to be hedged and the derivative transactions
utilized, the possible inability of the counterparty to fulfill its obligations
under the swap and potential illiquidity of the hedging instrument utilized,
which may make it difficult for the Fund to close out or unwind one or more
hedging transactions.
Total
rate of return swaps and related derivatives are a relatively recent development
in the financial markets. Consequently, there are certain legal, tax
and market uncertainties that present risks in entering into such
arrangements. There is currently little or no case law or litigation
characterizing total rate of return swaps or related derivatives, interpreting
their provisions, or characterizing their tax treatment. In addition,
additional regulations and laws may apply to these types of derivatives that
have not previously been applied. There can be no assurance that
future decisions construing similar provisions to those in any swap agreement or
other related documents or additional regulations and laws will not have an
adverse effect on the Fund that utilizes these instruments.
Risks of Currency
Transactions. Currency transactions are also subject to risks
different from those of other portfolio transactions. Because
currency control is of great importance to the issuing governments and
influences economic planning and policy, purchases and sales of currency and
related instruments can be adversely affected by government exchange controls,
limitations or restrictions on repatriation of currency, and manipulation, or
exchange restrictions imposed by governments. These forms of
governmental action can result in losses to the Fund if it is unable to deliver
or receive currency or monies in settlement of obligations and could also cause
hedges it has entered into to be rendered useless, resulting in full currency
exposure and incurring transaction costs.
INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS
The
investment restrictions listed below have been adopted by the Fund as
fundamental policies, except as otherwise indicated. Under the 1940
Act, a fundamental policy may not be changed without the vote of a majority of
the outstanding voting securities of the Fund and the vote of a majority of the
preferred shares, voting as a single class, as defined in the 1940
Act. Such a majority is defined as the lesser of (i) 67% or more of
the shares present at a meeting of stockholders, if the holders of 50% of the
outstanding shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy or (ii) more
than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. The Fund may
not:
|
·
|
purchase
the securities of any one issuer, other than the United States government
or any of its agencies or instrumentalities, if immediately after such
purchase more than 5% of the value of its total assets would be invested
in such issuer or the Fund would own more than 10% of the outstanding
voting securities of such issuer, except that up to 25% of the value of
the Fund's total assets may be invested without regard to such 5% and 10%
limitations;
|
|
·
|
purchase
or otherwise acquire real estate or interests therein, although the Fund
may purchase securities of issuers which engage in real estate operations
and securities secured by real estate or interests
therein;
|
|
·
|
purchase
or otherwise acquire or sell commodities or commodity contracts except
that the Fund may purchase or sell financial futures contracts and related
options thereon;
|
|
·
|
purchase
oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts, or
exploration or development programs, except that the Fund may invest in
the securities of companies which operate, invest in, or sponsor such
programs;
|
|
·
|
purchase
securities of other investment companies, except in connection with a
merger, consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of assets, except
that the Fund reserves the right to invest up to 5% of its total assets in
not more than 3% of the securities of any one investment company including
small business investment companies or invest up to 10% of its total
assets in the securities of investment companies, nor make any such
investments other than through purchases in the open market where to the
best information of the Fund no commission or profit to a sponsor or
dealer (other than the customary broker's commission) results from such
purchase;
|
|
·
|
issue
senior securities except to the extent permitted by applicable
law;
|
|
·
|
make
loans of money or securities, except: (a) that the Fund may engage in
repurchase agreements as set forth in the Prospectus and (b) the Fund may
lend its portfolio securities consistent with applicable regulatory
requirements and as set forth in the
Prospectus;
|
|
·
|
make
short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all
times when a short position is open, it either owns an equal amount of
such securities or owns securities which, without payment of any further
consideration, are convertible into or exchangeable for securities of the
same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold
short;
|
|
·
|
engage
in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be
deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in
disposing of a portfolio security;
|
|
·
|
invest
for the purpose of exercising control or management of any other
issuer;
|
|
·
|
invest
more than 25% of the value of its total assets in any one
industry.
|
If a percentage restriction is adhered
to at the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage
resulting from a change in values of portfolio securities or amount of total or
net assets will not be considered a violation of any of the foregoing
restrictions.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
Directors
and Officers
Overall
responsibility for management and supervision of the Fund rests with its
Board. The Board approves all significant agreements between the Fund
and the companies that furnish the Fund with services, including agreements with
the Investment Adviser, the Fund's custodian and the Fund's transfer
agent. The day-to-day operations of the Fund are delegated to the
Investment Adviser.
The
names and business addresses of the Directors and principal officers of the Fund
are set forth in the following table, together with their positions and their
principal occupations during the past five years and, in the case of the
directors, their positions with certain other organizations and
companies.
Name
(and Age), Position with the Fund and Business Address(1)
|
Term
of Office
and
Length of Time Served(2)
|
Principal
Occupation
During
Past Five Years(s)
|
Other
Directorships
Held
by Directors
|
Number
of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by
Directors
|
INTERESTED
DIRECTORS(3):
|
|
|
|
|
MARIO
J. GABELLI
Director
and
Chief
Investment Officer
Age:
65
|
Since
1989*
|
Chairman
and Chief Executive Officer of GAMCO Investors, Inc. and Chief Investment
Officer - Value Portfolios of Gabelli Funds, LLC and GAMCO Asset
Management Inc.; Director/Trustee or Chief Investment Officer of other
registered investment companies in the Gabelli/GAMCO Funds complex;
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of GGCP, Inc.
|
Director
of Morgan Group Holdings, Inc. (holding company); Chairman of the Board of
LICT Corp. (multimedia and communication services); Chairman of CIBL, Inc.
(holding company)
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS(4):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E.
VAL CERUTTI
Director
Age:
68
|
Since
1989**
|
Chief
Executive Officer of Cerutti Consultants, Inc.
|
Director
of The LGL Group, Inc. (diversified manufacturing)
|
7
|
|
|
|
|
|
ANTHONY J. COLAVITA(5)
Director
Age:
72
|
Since
1989***
|
Partner
in the law firm of Anthony J. Colavita, P.C.
|
--
|
35
|
|
|
|
|
|
DUGALD
A. FLETCHER
Director
Age:
78
|
Since
1989**
|
President,
Fletcher & Company, Inc.
|
Director
of Harris and Harris Group, Inc. (venture capital)
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
ANTHONY
R. PUSTORINO
Director
Age:
82
|
Since
1989**
|
Certified
Public Accountant; Professor Emeritus, Pace
University
|
Director
of The LGL Group, Inc. (diversified manufacturing)
|
14
|
|
|
|
|
|
WERNER J. ROEDER(5)
Director
Age:
67
|
Since
2001*
|
Medical
Director of Lawrence Hospital and practicing private
physician
|
--
|
23
|
|
|
|
|
|
ANTHONIE
C. VAN EKRIS
Director
Age:
73
|
Since
1992***
|
Chairman
of BALMAC International, Inc. (commodities and futures
trading)
|
--
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
|
SALVATORE
J. ZIZZA
Director
Age:
62
|
Since
1991***
|
Chairman
of Zizza & Co., Ltd. (consulting)
|
Director
of Hollis-Eden Pharmaceuticals (biotechnology) and Earl Scheib, Inc.
(automotive services)
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
(and Age), Position with the Fund and
Business
Address (1)
|
Term
of Office and
Length
of Time Served
|
Principal
Occupation During
Past
Five Years
|
OFFICERS:
|
|
|
|
|
|
BRUCE
N. ALPERT
President
Age:
56
|
Since
2004
|
Executive
Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Gabelli Funds, LLC since
1988 and an officer of most of the registered investment companies in the
Gabelli/GAMCO Funds complex. Director and President of Teton Advisors,
Inc. (formerly Gabelli Advisers, Inc.) since 1998.
|
|
|
|
PETER
D. GOLDSTEIN
Chief
Compliance Officer
Age:
54
|
Since
2004
|
Director
of Regulatory Affairs for GAMCO Investors, Inc. since 2004; Chief
Compliance Officer of all registered investment companies in the
Gabelli/GAMCO Funds complex; Vice President of Goldman Sachs Asset
Management from 2000 through 2004.
|
Name
(and Age), Position with the Fund and
Business
Address (1)
|
Term
of Office and
Length
of Time Served
|
Principal
Occupation During
Past
Five Years
|
OFFICERS:
|
|
|
|
|
|
LAURISSA
M. MARTIRE
Vice
President and Ombudsman
Age:
31
|
Since
2004
|
Vice
President of the Fund since 2004; Vice President of The Gabelli Global
Multimedia Trust Inc. since 2004; Assistant Vice President of GAMCO
Investors, Inc. since 2003.
|
|
|
|
AGNES
MULLADY
Treasurer
Secretary
Age:
49
|
Since
2006
Since
2008
|
Vice
President of Gabelli Funds LLC since 2007; Officer of all registered
investment companies in the Gabelli/GAMCO Funds complex; Senior Vice
President of U.S. Trust Company, N.A. and Treasurer and Chief Financial
Officer of Excelsior Funds from 2004 through 2005; Chief Financial Officer
of AMIC Distribution Partners from 2002 through
2004.
|
(1)
|
Address:
One Corporate Center, Rye, NY 10580-1422, unless otherwise
noted.
|
(2)
|
The
Fund's Board is divided into three classes, each class having a term of
three years. Each year the term of office of one class expires and the
successor or successors elected to such class serve for a three-year
term.
|
(3)
|
"Interested
person" of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act. Mr. Gabelli is considered
an "interested person" of the Fund because of his affiliation with Gabelli
Funds, LLC, which is the Fund's investment adviser, and Gabelli &
Company, Inc., which executes portfolio transactions for the Fund, and as
a controlling shareholder because of the level of his ownership of common
shares of the Fund.
|
(4) |
Directors
who are not considered to be "interested persons" of the Fund as defined
in the 1940 Act are considered to be "Independent"
Directors. |
|
|
(5)
|
As
a Director, elected solely by holders of the Fund's preferred
shares.
|
*
|
Term
continues until the Fund's 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until
his successor is duly elected and
qualified.
|
**
|
Term
continues until the Fund's 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until
his successor is duly elected and
qualified.
|
***
|
Term
continues until the Fund's 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until
his successor is duly elected and
qualified.
|
|
|
Dollar
Range of Equity
Securities
in the Fund*(1)
|
|
Aggregate
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in all Registered Investment Companies
in the Gabelli Fund Complex*
(1)(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
INTERESTED
DIRECTOR:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mario
J. Gabelli
|
|
E
|
|
E
|
|
|
|
|
|
INDEPENDENT
DIRECTORS:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E.
Val Cerutti**
|
|
E
|
|
E
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony
J. Colavita**
|
|
E
|
|
E
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dugald
A. Fletcher
|
|
E
|
|
E
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony
R. Pustorino**
|
|
C
|
|
E
|
|
|
|
|
|
Werner
J. Roeder
|
|
E
|
|
E
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthonie
C. van Ekris**
|
|
B
|
|
E
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salvatore
J. Zizza
|
|
E
|
|
E
|
|
|
|
|
|
___________________________
|
A.
|
None
|
|
B. |
$1
- $10,000 |
|
C. |
$10,001
- $50,000 |
|
D. |
$50,001
- $100,000 |
|
E. |
Over
$100,000 |
|
All
shares were valued as of December 31,
2007.
|
**
|
Messrs.
Cerutti, Colavita, Pustorino, and van Ekris each beneficially own less
than 1% of the common stock of The LGL Group, Inc., having a value of
$12,138, $9,071, $20,971 and $10,880, respectively, as of December 31, 2007. Mr. van Ekris beneficially owns
less than 1% of the common stock of LICT Corp. and CIBL, Inc. having a
value of $103,200 and $0, respectively, as of December 31, 2007. The
LGL Group, Inc., LICT Corp., and CIBL, Inc. may be deemed to be controlled
by Mario J. Gabelli and in that event would be deemed to be under common
control with the Fund's Adviser.
|
(1)
|
This
information has been furnished by each Director as of December 31, 2007.
"Beneficial Ownership" is determined in accordance with Section
16a-1(a)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "1934
Act").
|
(2)
|
The
"Fund Complex" includes all the Funds that are considered part of the same
fund complex as the Fund because they have common or affiliated investment
advisers.
|
The
Directors serving on the Fund's Nominating Committee are Anthony J. Colavita,
Werner J. Roeder, and Salvatore J. Zizza. The Nominating Committee is
responsible for recommending qualified candidates to the Board in the event that
a position is vacated or created. The Nominating Committee would
consider recommendations by shareholders if a vacancy were to
exist. Such recommendations should be forwarded to the Secretary of
the Fund. The Nominating Committee met once during the 2007 fiscal
year. The Fund does not have a standing compensation
committee.
Anthony
R. Pustorino (Chairman), Anthony J. Colavita, and Salvatore J. Zizza, who are
not "interested persons" of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act, serve on the
Fund's Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is generally responsible
for reviewing and evaluating issues related to the accounting and financial
reporting policies and internal controls of the Fund and, as appropriate, the
internal controls of certain service providers, overseeing the quality and
objectivity of the Fund's financial statements and the audit thereof and to act
as a liaison between the Board and the Fund's Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm. The Audit Committee met twice during the 2007 fiscal
year.
Remuneration
of Directors and Officers
The
Fund pays each Director who is not affiliated with the Adviser or its affiliates
a fee of $5,000 per year plus $750 per meeting attended in person and $500 per
telephonic meeting or Committee meeting, together with the Director's actual
out-of-pocket expenses relating to his attendance at such meetings. In addition,
the Audit Committee Chairman receives an annual fee of $3,000 and the Nominating
Committee Chairman receives an annual fee of $2,000.
The
following table shows the compensation that the Directors earned in their
capacity as Directors during the year ended December 31, 2007. The
table also shows, for the year ended December 31, 2007, the compensation
Directors earned in their capacity as directors for other funds in the Gabelli
Fund Complex.
COMPENSATION
TABLE
Name
of Person and Position
|
|
Aggregate
Compensation From the Fund
|
|
|
Total
Compensation From the Fund and Fund Complex
Paid
to Directors*
|
|
INTERESTED
DIRECTORS:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mario
J. Gabelli
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
Chairman
of the Board and
Chief
Investment Officer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INDEPENDENT
DIRECTORS:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E.
Val Cerutti
|
|
$ |
8,000 |
|
|
$ |
28,000 |
|
Director
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony
J. Colavita
|
|
|
11,500 |
|
|
|
225,000 |
|
Director
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dugald
A. Fletcher
|
|
|
8,000 |
|
|
|
16,500 |
|
Director
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
of Person and Position
|
|
Aggregate
Compensation From the Fund
|
|
|
Total
Compensation From the Fund and Fund Complex
Paid
to Directors*
|
|
Anthony
R. Pustorino
|
|
|
12,000 |
|
|
|
141,500 |
|
Director
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Werner
J. Roeder
|
|
|
8,500 |
|
|
|
103,250 |
|
Director
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthonie
C. van Ekris
|
|
|
8,000 |
|
|
|
100,247 |
|
Director
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salvatore
J. Zizza
|
|
|
9,531 |
|
|
|
166,250 |
|
Director
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OFFICER:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Laurissa
M. Martire
|
|
|
155,000 |
|
|
|
155,000 |
|
Vice
President and Ombudsman
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Represents
the total compensation paid to such persons during the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2007 by investment companies (including the Fund) or
portfolios thereof from which such person receives compensation that are
considered part of the same fund complex as the Fund because they have
common or affiliated investment
advisers.
|
Indemnification
of Officers and Directors; Limitations on Liability
Subject
to limitations imposed by the 1940 Act, the Fund's Charter limits the liability
of the Fund's D irectors and officers to the Fund and its stockholders to
the fullest extent permitted by Maryland law. Under Maryland law,
Maryland corporations may limit their directors' and officers' liability for
money damages to the corporation and stockholders except to the extent (i) that
it is proved that a director or officer actually received an improper benefit or
profit in money, property or services, in which case such director or officer
may be liable for the amount of the benefit or profit actually received or (ii)
that a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to a director or officer is
entered in a proceeding based on a finding that such director's or officer's
action, or failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty
and was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the
proceeding.
The
Charter also provides for the indemnification of, and expenses to be advanced on
behalf of, D irectors and officers, among others, to the fullest extent
permitted by Maryland law, subject to the limitations imposed by the 1940
Act. Under Maryland law, corporations may indemnify present and past
directors and officers, or officers of another corporation that serve at the
request of the indemnifying corporation, against judgments, penalties, fines,
settlements and reasonable expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually
incurred in connection with any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than
an action by or in the right of the corporation in which such director or
officer is adjudicated liable to the corporation), in which they are made
parties by reason of being or having been directors or officers, unless it is
proved that (i) the act or omission of the director or officer was material to
the matter giving rise to the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was
the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (ii) the director or officer
actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or
(iii) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had
reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was
unlawful. Maryland law also provides that, unless limited by the
corporation's charter, a corporation will indemnify present and past directors
and officers who are successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of
any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil,
criminal, administrative or investigative, against reasonable expenses
(including attorneys' fees) incurred in connection with such
proceeding. The Fund's Charter does not limit the extent of this
indemnity.
Investment
Advisory and Administrative Arrangements
Gabelli
Funds, LLC serves as the Fund's Investment Adviser pursuant to an investment
advisory agreement with the Fund (the "Advisory Agreement"). The
Investment Adviser is a New York corporation with principal offices located at
One Corporate Center, Rye, New York 10580-1422. The Investment
Adviser was organized in 1999 and is the successor to Gabelli Funds, Inc., which
was organized in 1980. As of December 31, 2007, the Investment
Adviser acted as registered investment adviser to 24 management investment
companies with aggregate net assets of $16.8. The Investment Adviser,
together with other affiliated investment advisers noted below had assets under
management totaling approximately $31.0 billion as of December 31,
2007. GAMCO Asset Management Inc., an affiliate of the Investment
Adviser, acts as investment adviser for individuals, pension
trusts,
profit
sharing trusts and endowments, and as a sub-adviser to management investment
companies having aggregate assets of $13.3 billion under management as of
December 31, 2007. Gabelli Securities, Inc., an affiliate of the
Investment Adviser, acts as investment adviser for investment partnerships and
entities having aggregate assets of approximately $460 million as of December
31, 2007. Gabelli Fixed Income LLC, an affiliate of the Investment
Adviser, acts as investment adviser for separate accounts having aggregate
assets of approximately $24 million under management as of December 31,
2007. Teton Advisors, Inc., an affiliate of the Investment Adviser,
acts as investment manager to the GAMCO Westwood Funds having aggregate assets
of approximately $440 million under management as of December 31,
2007.
Affiliates
of the Investment Adviser may, in the ordinary course of their business, acquire
for their own account or for the accounts of their advisory clients, significant
(and possibly controlling) positions in the securities of companies that may
also be suitable for investment by the Fund. The securities in which
the Fund might invest may thereby be limited to some extent. For
instance, many companies in the past several years have adopted so-called
"poison pill" or other defensive measures designed to discourage or prevent the
completion of non-negotiated offers for control of the company. Such
defensive measures may have the effect of limiting the shares of the company
which might otherwise be acquired by the Fund if the affiliates of the
Investment Adviser or their advisory accounts have or acquire a significant
position in the same securities. However, the Investment Adviser does
not believe that the investment activities of its affiliates will have a
material adverse effect upon the Fund in seeking to achieve its investment
objectives. Securities purchased or sold pursuant to contemporaneous
orders entered on behalf of the investment company accounts of the Investment
Adviser or the advisory accounts managed by its affiliates for their
unaffiliated clients are allocated pursuant to principles believed to be fair
and not disadvantageous to any such accounts. In addition, all such
orders are accorded priority of execution over orders entered on behalf of
accounts in which the Investment Adviser or its affiliates have a substantial
pecuniary interest. The Investment Adviser may on occasion give
advice or take action with respect to other clients that differs from the
actions taken with respect to the Fund. The Fund may invest in the
securities of companies which are investment management clients of GAMCO Asset
Management Inc.. In addition, portfolio companies or their officers
or directors may be minority shareholders of the Investment Adviser or its
affiliates.
The
Investment Adviser is a wholly-owned subsidiary of GAMCO Investors, Inc., a New
York corporation, whose Class A Common Stock is traded on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbol "GBL." Mr. Mario J. Gabelli may be deemed a
"controlling person" of the Investment Adviser on the basis of his ownership of
a majority of the stock and voting power of GGCP, Inc., which owns a majority of
the capital stock and voting power of GAMCO Investors, Inc.
Under
the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Investment Adviser manages the
portfolio of the Fund in accordance with its stated investment objective and
policies, makes investment decisions for the Fund, places orders to purchase and
sell securities on behalf of the Fund and manages its other business and
affairs, all subject to the supervision and direction of the Fund's
Board. In addition, under the Advisory Agreement, the Investment
Adviser oversees the administration of all aspects of the Fund's business and
affairs and provides, or arranges for others to provide, at the Investment
Adviser's expense, certain enumerated services, including maintaining the Fund's
books and records, preparing reports to the Fund's shareholders and supervising
the calculation of the net asset value of its shares. All expenses of
computing the net asset value of the Fund, including any equipment or services
obtained solely for the purpose of pricing shares or valuing its investment
portfolio, will be an expense of the Fund under its Advisory
Agreement.
The
Advisory Agreement combines investment advisory and administrative
responsibilities in one agreement. For services rendered by the
Investment Adviser on behalf of the Fund under the Advisory Agreement, the Fund
pays the Investment Adviser a fee, computed daily and paid monthly, equal on
an annual basis to 1.00% of the value of the Fund's
average daily net assets including the liquidation value of such
preferred shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Investment
Adviser will waive the portion of its investment advisory fee attributable to an
amount of assets of the Fund equal to the aggregate stated value of the
applicable series of its currently outstanding preferred shares for any calendar
year in which the net asset value total return of the Fund allocable to the
common shares, including distributions and the advisory fee subject to potential
waiver, is less than the stated annual dividend rate or corresponding swap rate
of each particular series of currently outstanding preferred shares, prorated
during the year such series is issued and the final year such series is
outstanding. The Fund's total return on the net asset value of the
common shares is monitored on a monthly basis to assess whether the total return
on the net asset value of the common shares exceeds the stated dividend rate or
corresponding swap rate of each particular series of currently outstanding
preferred shares for the period. The test to confirm the accrual of
the management fee on the assets attributable to each particular series of
preferred shares is annual. The Fund will accrue for the management
fee on these assets during the fiscal year if it appears probable that the Fund
will incur the management fee on those additional assets.
The
Advisory Agreement provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad
faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard for its obligations and duties
thereunder, the Investment Adviser is not liable for any error or judgment or
mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund. As part of the
Advisory Agreement, the Fund has agreed that the name "Gabelli" is the
Investment
Adviser's
property, and that in the event the Investment Adviser ceases to act as an
investment adviser to the Fund, the Fund will change its name to one not
including "Gabelli."
Pursuant
to its terms, the Advisory Agreement will remain in effect with respect to the
Fund from year to year if approved annually (i) by the Fund's Board or by the
holders of a majority of its outstanding voting securities and (ii) by a
majority of the directors who are not "interested persons" (as defined in the
1940 Act) of any party to the Advisory Agreement, by vote cast in person at a
meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The
Advisory Agreement was most recently approved by a majority of the Fund's Board,
including a majority of the Directors who are not interested persons as that
term is defined in the 1940 Act, at an in person meeting of the Board held on
November 14, 2007.
The
Advisory Agreement terminates automatically on its assignment and may be
terminated without penalty on 60 days written notice at the option of either
party thereto or by a vote of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the
Fund's outstanding shares.
Portfolio
Manager Information
Other
Accounts Managed
The
information below lists the number of accounts for which each portfolio manager
was primarily responsible for the day-to-day management as of the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2007.
Name
of Portfolio
Manager
or Team
Member
|
|
|
|
Total
# of
Accounts
Managed
|
|
|
|
#
of Accounts
Managed
with
Advisory
Fee Based
on
Performance
|
|
Total
Assets with
Advisory
Fee Based on
Performance
|
Mario J. Gabelli
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies:
|
|
23
|
|
$ 15.8
billion
|
|
6
|
|
$ 5.5
billion
|
|
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles:
|
|
12
|
|
$ 269.6
million
|
|
11
|
|
$ 188.6
million
|
|
|
Other
Accounts:
|
|
1,991
|
|
$ 10.6
billion
|
|
6
|
|
$ 1.6
billion
|
______________________
*
|
Represents
the portion of assets for which the portfolio manager has primary
responsibility in the accounts indicated. The accounts indicated may
contain additional assets under the primary responsibility of other
portfolio managers.
|
Potential
Conflicts of Interest
Actual
or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager for a fund
also has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to one or more
other funds or accounts. These potential conflicts include:
Allocation of
Limited Time and Attention. A portfolio manager who is responsible for
managing multiple funds or other accounts may devote unequal time and attention
to the management of those funds or accounts. As a result, the portfolio manager
may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally
attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the
case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management
of a single fund.
Allocation of
Limited Investment Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies an
investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds or other
accounts, a fund may not be able to take full advantage of that opportunity
because the opportunity may be allocated among several of these funds or
accounts.
Pursuit of
Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an
investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds or accounts
for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that
certain of the funds or accounts should take differing positions with respect to
a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate
transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price
of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment
of one or more other funds or accounts.
Selection of
Broker/Dealers. Portfolio managers may be able to select or influence the
selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities
transactions for the funds or accounts that they supervise. In addition to
providing execution of
trades,
some brokers and dealers provide portfolio managers with brokerage and research
services which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might
otherwise be available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds
or accounts than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is
subject to the requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith
that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage
and research services provided to the fund, a portfolio manager's decision as to
the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and
benefits among the funds or other accounts that he or she manages. In addition,
with respect to certain types of accounts (such as pooled investment vehicles
and other accounts managed for organizations and individuals) the Investment
Adviser may be limited by the client concerning the selection of brokers or may
be instructed to direct trades to particular brokers. In these cases, the
Investment Adviser or its affiliates may place separate, non-simultaneous
transactions in the same security for a fund and another account that may
temporarily affect the market price of the security or the execution of the
transaction, or both, to the detriment of the fund or the other
accounts.
Variation in
Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the
financial or other benefits available to the portfolio manager differ among the
funds or accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the
Investment Adviser's management fee or the portfolio manager's compensation
differs among funds or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay
higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio
manager may be motivated to favor certain funds or accounts over
others. The portfolio manager also may be motivated to favor funds or
accounts in which he or she has an investment interest, or in which the
Investment Adviser or its affiliates have investment interests. Similarly, the
desire to maintain assets under management or to enhance a portfolio manager's
performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could
influence the portfolio manager in affording preferential treatment to those
funds or other accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio
manager.
The
Investment Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures
that are designed to address the various conflicts of interest that may arise
for the Investment Adviser and its staff members. However, there is
no guarantee that such policies and procedures will be able to detect and
prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may
arise.
Compensation
Structure
Compensation
Structure. Mr. Gabelli receives incentive-based variable
compensation based on a percentage of net revenues received by the Investment
Adviser for managing the Fund. Net revenues are determined by
deducting from gross investment management fees the firm's expenses (other than
Mr. Gabelli's compensation) allocable to the Fund. Additionally, he
receives similar incentive-based variable compensation for managing other
accounts within the firm. This method of compensation is based on the
premise that superior long-term performance in managing a portfolio should be
rewarded with higher compensation as a result of growth of assets through
appreciation and net investment activity. One of the other registered
investment companies managed by Mr. Gabelli has a performance (fulcrum) fee
arrangement for which his compensation is adjusted up or down based on the
performance of the investment company relative to an index. Mr. Gabelli manages
other accounts with performance fees. Compensation for managing these accounts
has two components. One component of the fee is based on a percentage
of net revenues received by the Investment Adviser for managing the
account. The second component is based on absolute performance of the
account, with respect to which a percentage of such performance fee is paid to
Mr. Gabelli. As an executive officer of the Investment Adviser's
parent company, GAMCO Investors, Inc., Mr. Gabelli also receives ten percent of
the net operating profits of the parent company. Mr. Gabelli receives
no base salary, no annual bonus and no stock options.
Compensation
for managing other accounts is based on a percentage of net revenues received by
the Investment Adviser for managing the account. Compensation for managing the
pooled investment vehicles and other accounts that have a performance-based fee
will have two components. One component of the fee is based on a percentage of
net revenues received by the Investment Adviser for managing the account or
pooled investment vehicle. The second component of the fee is based on absolute
performance from which a percentage of such fee is paid to the portfolio
manager.
Ownership
of Shares in the Fund
As
of December 31, 2007, Mario J. Gabelli was deemed to beneficially own
$10,406,894 of equity securities of the Fund, which is a reflection of 1,356,831
common shares multiplied by the December 31, 2007 closing price of
$7.67.
AUCTIONS
FOR AUCTION RATE PREFERRED SHARES
Summary
of Auction Procedures
The
following is a brief summary of the auction procedures for auction rate
preferred shares. These auction procedures are complicated, and there
are exceptions to these procedures. Many of the terms in this section
have a special meaning. Accordingly, this description does not
purport to be complete and is qualified, in its entirety, by reference to the
Fund's Governing Documents, including the provisions of the Articles
Supplementary establishing any series of auction rate preferred
shares.
The
auctions determine the dividend rate for auction rate preferred shares, but each
dividend rate will not be higher than the maximum rate. If you own
auction rate preferred shares, you may instruct your broker-dealer to enter one
of three kinds of orders in the auction with respect to your
shares: sell, bid and hold.
|
·
|
If
you enter a sell order, you indicate that you want to sell auction rate
preferred shares at their liquidation preference per share, no matter what
the next dividend period's rate will
be.
|
|
·
|
If
you enter a bid (or "hold at a rate") order, which must specify a dividend
rate, you indicate that you want to sell auction rate preferred shares
only if the next dividend period's rate is less than the rate you
specify.
|
|
·
|
If
you enter a hold order you indicate that you want to continue to own
auction rate preferred shares, no matter what the next dividend period's
rate will be.
|
You
may enter different types of orders for different portions of your auction rate
preferred shares. You may also enter an order to buy additional
auction rate preferred shares. All orders must be for whole
shares. All orders you submit are irrevocable. There is a fixed
number of auction rate preferred shares, and the dividend rate likely will vary
from auction to auction depending on the number of bidders, the number of shares
the bidders seek to buy, the rating of the auction rate preferred shares and
general economic conditions including current interest rates. If you
own auction rate preferred shares and submit a bid for them higher than the
then-maximum rate, your bid will be treated as a sell order. If you
do not enter an order, the broker-dealer will assume that you want to continue
to hold auction rate preferred shares, but if you fail to submit an order and
the dividend period is longer than 28 days, the broker-dealer will treat your
failure to submit a bid as a sell order.
If
you do not then own auction rate preferred shares, or want to buy more shares,
you may instruct a broker-dealer to enter a bid order to buy shares in an
auction at the liquidation preference per share at or above the dividend rate
you specify. If your bid for shares you do not own specifies a rate
higher than the then-maximum rate, your bid will not be considered.
Broker-dealers
will submit orders from existing and potential holders of auction rate preferred
shares to the auction agent. Neither the Fund nor the auction agent
will be responsible for a broker-dealer's failure to submit orders from existing
or potential holders of auction rate preferred shares. A
broker-dealer's failure to submit orders for auction rate preferred shares held
by it or its customers will be treated in the same manner as a holder's failure
to submit an order to the broker-dealer. A broker-dealer may submit
orders to the auction agent for its own account. The Fund may not
submit an order in any auction.
The
auction agent after each auction for the auction rate preferred shares will pay
to each broker-dealer, from funds provided by the Fund, a service charge equal
to, in the case shares of any auction immediately preceding a dividend period of
less than 365 days, the product of (i) a fraction, the numerator of which is the
number of days in such dividend period and the denominator of which is 365,
times (ii) ¼ of 1%, times (iii) the liquidation preference per share, times (iv)
the aggregate number of auction rate preferred shares placed by such
broker-dealer at such auction or, in the case of any auction immediately
preceding a dividend period of one year or longer, a percentage of the purchase
price of the auction rate preferred shares placed by the broker-dealer at the
auction agreed to by the Fund and the broker-dealers.
If
the number of auction rate preferred shares subject to bid orders by potential
holders with a dividend rate equal to or lower than the then-maximum rate is at
least equal to the number of auction rate preferred shares subject to sell
orders, then the dividend rate for the next dividend period will be the lowest
rate submitted which, taking into account that rate and all lower rates
submitted in order from
existing and potential holders, would result in existing and potential holders
owning all the auction rate preferred shares available for purchase in the
auction.
If
the number of auction rate preferred shares subject to bid orders by potential
holders with a dividend rate equal to or lower than the then-maximum rate is
less than the number of auction rate preferred shares subject to sell orders,
then the auction is considered to be a failed auction, and the dividend rate
will be the maximum rate. In that event, existing holders that have
submitted sell orders (or are treated as having submitted sell orders) may not
be able to sell any or all of the auction rate preferred shares offered for
sale.
If
broker-dealers submit or are deemed to submit hold orders for all outstanding
auction rate preferred shares, the auction is considered an "all hold" auction
and the dividend rate for the next dividend period will be the "all hold rate,"
which is 80% of the "AA" Financial Composite Commercial Paper Rate, as
determined in accordance with procedures set forth in the Articles Supplementary
establishing the auction rate preferred shares.
The
auction procedures include a pro rata allocation of
auction rate preferred shares for purchase and sale. This allocation
process may result in an existing holder continuing to hold or selling, or a
potential holder buying, fewer shares than the number of shares of auction rate
preferred shares in its order. If this happens, broker-dealers will
be required to make appropriate pro rata allocations among
their respective customers.
Settlement
of purchases and sales will be made on the next business day (which also is a
dividend payment date) after the auction date through DTC. Purchasers will pay
for their auction rate preferred shares through broker-dealers in same-day funds
to DTC against delivery to the broker-dealers. DTC will make payment to the
sellers' broker-dealers in accordance with its normal procedures, which require
broker-dealers to make payment against delivery in same-day funds. As used in
this prospectus, a business day is a day on which the NYSE is open for trading,
and which is not a Saturday, Sunday or any other day on which banks in New York
City are authorized or obligated by law to close.
The
first auction for a series of auction rate preferred shares will be held on the
date specified in the Prospectus Supplement for such series, which will be the
business day preceding the dividend payment date for the initial dividend
period. Thereafter, except during special dividend periods, auctions
for such series auction rate preferred shares normally will be held within the
frequency specified in the Prospectus Supplement for such series, and each
subsequent dividend period for such series auction rate preferred shares
normally will begin on the following day.
If
an auction is not held because an unforeseen event or unforeseen events cause a
day that otherwise would have been an auction date not to be a business day,
then the length of the then-current dividend period will be extended by seven
days (or a multiple thereof if necessary because of such unforeseen event or
events), the applicable rate for such period will be the applicable rate for the
then-current dividend period so extended and the dividend payment date for such
dividend period will be the first business day immediately succeeding the end of
such period.
The
following is a simplified example of how a typical auction
works. Assume that the Fund has 1,000 outstanding shares of auction
rate preferred shares and three current holders. The three current
holders and three potential holders submit orders through broker-dealers at the
auction.
|
Current
Holder A
|
Owns
500 shares, wants to sell all 500
shares
if auction rate is less than 5.1%
|
|
Bid
order at 5.1% rate for all 500 shares
|
|
Current
Holder B
|
Owns
300 shares, wants to hold
|
|
Hold
order will take the auction rate
|
|
Current
Holder C
|
Owns
200 shares, wants to sell all 200
shares
if auction rate is less than 4.9%
|
|
Bid
order at 4.9% rate for all 200 shares
|
|
Potential
Holder D
|
Wants
to buy 200 shares
|
|
Places
order to buy at or above 5.0%
|
|
Potential
Holder E
|
Wants
to buy 300 shares
|
|
Places
order to buy at or above 4.99%
|
|
Potential
Holder F
|
Wants
to buy 200 shares
|
|
Places
order to buy at or above 5.1%
|
The
lowest dividend rate that will result in all 1,000 auction
rate preferred shares continuing to be held is 5.0% (the offer
by D). Therefore, the dividend rate will be 5.0%. Current holders B and C will
continue to own their shares. Current holder A
will
sell its shares because A's dividend rate bid was higher than the dividend rate:
Potential holder D will buy 200 shares and potential holder E will buy 300
shares because their bid rates were at or below the dividend rate. Potential
holder F will not buy any shares because its bid rate was above the dividend
rate.
Secondary
Market Trading and Transfer of Auction Rate Preferred Shares
The
underwriters will not be required to make a market in the auction rate preferred
shares. The broker-dealers (including the underwriters) may maintain
a secondary trading market for outside of auctions, but they are not required to
do so. There can be no assurance that a secondary trading market for
the auction rate preferred shares will develop or, if it does develop, that it
will provide owners with liquidity of investment. The auction rate
preferred shares will not be registered on any stock
exchange. Investors who purchase auction rate preferred shares in an
auction for a special dividend period should note that because the dividend rate
on such shares will be fixed for the length of that dividend period, the value
of such shares may fluctuate in response to the changes in interest rates and
may be more or less than their original cost if sold on the open market in
advance of the next auction thereof, depending on market
conditions.
You
may sell, transfer, or otherwise dispose of the auction rate preferred shares
only in whole shares and only pursuant to a bid or sell order placed with the
auction agent in accordance with the auction procedures, to the Fund or its
affiliates or to or through a broker-dealer that has been selected by the Fund
or to such other persons as may be permitted by the Fund. However, if you hold
your auction rate preferred shares in the name of a broker-dealer, a sale or
transfer of your auction rate preferred shares to that broker dealer, or to
another customer of that broker-dealer, will not be considered a sale or
transfer f or purposes of the foregoing if the shares remain in the name
of the broker-dealer immediately after your transaction. In addition, in the
case of all transfers other than through an auction, the broker-dealer (or other
person, if the Fund permits) receiving the transfer must advise the auction
agent of the transfer.
Due
to recent market turmoil most auction-rate preferred shares, including our
Series C Auction Rate Preferred, have been unable to hold successful
auctions and holders of such shares have suffered reduced
liquidity. A failed auction results when there are not enough bidders
in the auction at rates below the maximum rate as prescribed by the terms of the
auction-rate preferred shares. These failed auctions have been an
industry wide problem and may continue to occur in the future. Any
current or potential holder of auction-rate preferred shares faces the risk that
auctions will continue to fail, or will fail again at some point in the future,
and that he or she may not be able to sell his or her shares through the auction
process.
PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS
Subject
to policies established by the Board, the Investment Adviser is responsible for
placing purchase and sale orders and the allocation of brokerage on behalf of
the Fund. Transactions in equity securities are in most cases
effected on U.S. stock exchanges and involve the payment of negotiated brokerage
commissions. In general, there may be no stated commission in the
case of securities traded in over-the-counter markets, but the prices of those
securities may include undisclosed commissions or mark-ups. Principal
transactions are not entered into with affiliates of the
Fund. However, Gabelli & Company, Inc. may execute transactions
in the over-the-counter markets on an agency basis and receive a stated
commission therefrom. To the extent consistent with applicable
provisions of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder, and other regulatory
requirements, the Fund's Board have determined that portfolio transactions may
be executed through Gabelli & Company, Inc. and its broker-dealer affiliates
if, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser, the use of those broker-dealers
is likely to result in price and execution at least as favorable as those of
other qualified broker-dealers, and if, in particular transactions, those
broker-dealers charge the Fund a rate consistent with that charged to comparable
unaffiliated customers in similar transactions. For the fiscal years
ended December 31, 2005, December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2007, the Fund paid
a total of $92,766, $78,347, and $75,164, respectively, in brokerage
commissions, of which Gabelli & Company and its affiliates received $79,796,
$70,36 2 , and $63,716, respectively. For 2007, the amount paid
to Gabelli & Company, Inc. and its broker-dealer affiliates represented
84.77% of the number of aggregate brokerage commissions paid by the Fund, and
66.55% of the aggregate dollar amount of transactions involving the payment of
commissions. The Fund has no obligations to deal with any broker or
group of brokers in executing transactions in portfolio
securities. In executing transactions, the Investment Adviser seeks
to obtain the best price and execution for the Fund, taking into account such
factors as price, size of order, difficulty of execution and operational
facilities of the firm involved and the firm's risk in positioning a block of
securities. While the Investment Adviser generally seeks reasonably
competitive commission rates, the Fund does not necessarily pay the lowest
commission available.
Subject
to obtaining the best price and execution, brokers who provide supplemental
research, market and statistical information, or other services (e.g., wire
services) to the Investment Adviser or its affiliates may receive orders for
transactions by the Fund. The term "research, market and statistical
information" includes advice as to the value of securities, and advisability of
investing in, purchasing or selling securities, and the availability of
securities or purchasers or sellers of securities, and furnishing analyses and
reports concerning issues, industries, securities, economic factors and trends,
portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts. Information so
received will be in addition to and not in lieu of the services required to be
performed by the Investment
Adviser
under the Advisory Agreement and the expenses of the Investment Adviser will not
necessarily be reduced as a result of the receipt of such supplemental
information. Such information may be useful to the Investment Adviser
and its affiliates in providing services to clients other than the Fund, and not
all such information is used by the Investment Adviser in connection with the
Fund. Conversely, such information provided to the Investment Adviser
and its affiliates by brokers and dealers through whom other clients of the
Investment Adviser and its affiliates effect securities transactions may be
useful to the Investment Adviser in providing services to the Fund.
Although
investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those for the
other accounts managed by the Investment Adviser and its affiliates, investments
of the kind made by the Fund may also be made for those other
accounts. When the same securities are purchased for or sold by the
Fund and any of such other accounts, it is the policy of the Investment Adviser
and its affiliates to allocate such purchases and sales in the manner deemed
fair and equitable to all of the accounts, including the Fund.
PORTFOLIO
TURNOVER
Portfolio
turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of an investment company's
annual sales or purchases of portfolio securities by the monthly average value
of securities in its portfolio during the year, excluding portfolio securities
the maturities of which at the time of acquisition were one year or
less. A high rate of portfolio turnover involves correspondingly
greater brokerage commission expense than a lower rate, which expense must be
borne by the Fund and indirectly by its shareholders. A higher rate
of portfolio turnover may also result in taxable gains being passed to
shareholders sooner than would otherwise be the case. For the fiscal
periods ended December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2007, the portfolio turnover
rate of the Fund was 51% and 61%, respectively.
TAXATION
The
following discussion is a brief summary of certain U.S. federal income tax
considerations affecting the Fund and its shareholders and noteholders (as the
case may be). No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of
all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax concerns affecting the Fund and
its shareholders or noteholders (including shareholders or noteholders owning a
large position in the Fund), and the discussions set forth here and in the
Prospectus do not constitute tax advice. Investors are urged to
consult their own tax advisers with any specific questions relating to U.S.
federal, state, local and foreign taxes. The discussion reflects
applicable tax laws of the United States as of the date of this
SAI. These tax laws may be changed or become subject to new
interpretations by the courts or the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS")
retroactively or prospectively.
Taxation
of the Fund
The
Fund has elected to be treated and has qualified, and intends to continue to
qualify, as a regulated investment company ("RIC") under Subchapter M of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). Accordingly,
the Fund must, among other things: (i) derive in each taxable year at least 90%
of its gross income from (a) dividends, interest (including tax-exempt
interest), payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the
sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other
income (including but not limited to gain from options, futures and forward
contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock,
securities or currencies and (b) net income derived from interests in certain
publicly traded partnerships that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal
income tax purposes and that derive less than 90% of their gross income from the
items described in (a) above (each a "Qualified Publicly Traded Partnership");
and (ii) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of each
taxable year (x) at least 50% of the value of the Fund's total assets is
represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, the securities
of other regulated investment companies and other securities, with such other
securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than
5% of the value of the Fund's total assets and not more than 10% of the
outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (y) not more than 25% of the
value of the Fund's total assets is invested in the securities of (I) any one
issuer (other than U.S. government securities and the securities of other RICs),
(II) any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are determined to
be engaged in the same business or similar or related trades or businesses or
(III) any one or more Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships.
As
a RIC, the Fund generally is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on income
and gains that it distributes each taxable year to shareholders, if it
distributes at least 90% of the sum of the Fund's (i) investment company taxable
income (which includes, among other items, dividends, interest and the excess of
any net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss and other
taxable income, other than any net long-term capital gain, reduced by deductible
expenses) determined without regard to the deduction for dividends and
distributions paid and (ii) its net tax-exempt interest income (the excess of
its gross tax-exempt interest income over certain disallowed
deductions). The Fund intends to distribute at least annually
substantially all of such income.
Amounts
not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a calendar year
distribution requirement are subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax at the
Fund level. To avoid the tax, the Fund must distribute during each
calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary
income (not taking into account any capital gains or losses) for the calendar
year, (ii) 98% of its capital gain in excess of its capital loss (adjusted for
certain ordinary losses) for a one-year period generally ending on October 31 of
the calendar year (unless an election is made to use the Fund's fiscal year),
and (iii) certain undistributed amounts from previous years on which the Fund
paid no U.S. federal income tax. While the Fund intends to distribute
any income and capital gain in the manner necessary to minimize imposition of
the 4% excise tax, there can be no assurance that sufficient amounts of the
Fund's ordinary income and capital gain will be distributed to avoid entirely
the imposition of the tax. In that event, the Fund will be liable for
the tax only on the amount by which it does not meet the foregoing distribution
requirement.
A
distribution will be treated as paid during the calendar year if it is paid
during the calendar year or declared by the Fund in October, November or
December of the year, payable to shareholders of record on a date during such a
month and paid by the Fund during January of the following year. Any such
distributions paid during January of the following year will be deemed to be
received by the Fund's shareholders on December 31 of the year the distributions
are declared, rather than when the distributions are actually
received.
If
the Fund were unable to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement or otherwise
were to fail to qualify as a RIC in any year, it would be taxed in the same
manner as an ordinary corporation and distributions to the Fund's shareholders
would not be deductible by the Fund in computing its taxable
income. To qualify again to be taxed as a RIC in a subsequent year,
the Fund would be required to distribute to its shareholders its earnings and
profits attributable to non-RIC years reduced by an interest charge on 50% of
such earnings and profits payable by the Fund to the IRS. In
addition, if the Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two
taxable years, then the Fund would be required to elect to recognize and pay tax
on any net built-in gain (the excess of aggregate gain, including items of
income, over aggregate loss that would have been realized if the Fund had been
liquidated) or, alternatively, be subject to taxation on such built-in gain
recognized for a period of ten years, in order to qualify as a RIC in a
subsequent year.
Gain
or loss on the sales of securities by the Fund will generally be long-term
capital gain or loss if the securities have been held by the Fund for more than
one year. Gain or loss on the sale of securities held for one year or
less will be short-term capital gain or loss.
Foreign
currency gain or loss on non-U.S. dollar-denominated securities and on any
non-U.S. dollar-denominated futures contracts, options and forward contracts
that are not section 1256 contracts (as defined below) generally will be treated
as ordinary income and loss.
The
premium received by the Fund for writing a call option is not included in income
at the time of receipt. If the option expires, the premium is short-term capital
gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction, the difference
between the amount paid to close out its position and the premium received is
short-term capital gain or loss. If a call option written by the Fund is
exercised, thereby requiring the Fund to sell the underlying security, the
premium will increase the amount realized upon the sale of the security and any
resulting gain or loss will be long-term or short-term, depending upon the
holding period of the security. Because the Fund does not have control over the
exercise of the call options it writes, such exercises or other required sales
of the underlying securities may cause the Fund to realize capital gains or
losses at inopportune times.
With
respect to a put or call option that is purchased by the Fund, if the option is
sold, any resulting gain or loss will be a capital gain or loss, and will be
short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If
the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or
long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option is
exercised, the cost of the option, in the case of a call option, is added to the
basis of the purchased security and, in the case of a put option, reduces the
amount realized on the underlying security in determining gain or
loss.
The
Fund's investment in so-called "section 1256 contracts," such as regulated
futures contracts, most foreign currency forward contracts traded in the
interbank market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special tax
rules. All section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of its taxable
year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or
loss on those positions will be included in the Fund's income as if each
position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year.
The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by
the Fund from positions in section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable
year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a
"hedging transaction" nor part of a "straddle," 60% of the resulting net gain or
loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain
or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the
period of time the positions were actually held by the Fund.
Investments
by the Fund in certain "passive foreign investment companies" ("PFICs") could
subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on
certain distributions or dispositions with respect to those investments which
cannot be eliminated by making distributions to
shareholders. Elections may be available to the Fund to mitigate the
effect of this tax provided that the PFIC complies with certain reporting
requirements, but such elections generally accelerate the recognition of income
without the receipt of cash. Dividends paid by PFICs will not qualify
for the reduced tax rates discussed below under "Taxation of
Shareholders."
The
Fund may invest in debt obligations purchased at a discount with the result that
the Fund may be required to accrue income for U.S. federal income tax purposes
before amounts due under the obligations are paid. The Fund may also
invest in securities rated in the medium to lower rating categories of
nationally recognized rating organizations, and in unrated securities ("high
yield securities"). A portion of the interest payments on such high
yield securities may be treated as dividends for certain U.S. federal income tax
purposes.
As
a result of investing in stock of PFICs or securities purchased at a discount or
any other investment that produces income that is not matched by a corresponding
cash distribution to the Fund, the Fund could be required to include in current
income, income it has not yet received. Any such income would be treated as
income earned by the Fund and therefore would be subject to the distribution
requirements of the Code. This might prevent the Fund from
distributing 90% of its investment company taxable income as is required in
order to avoid Fund-level U.S. federal income tax on all of its income, or might
prevent the Fund from distributing enough ordinary income and capital gain net
income to avoid the imposition of the excise tax. To avoid this
result, the Fund may be required to borrow money or dispose of securities to be
able to make distributions to its shareholders.
If
the Fund does not meet the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act and the
Statements of Preferences, the Fund will be required to suspend distributions to
the holders of the common shares until the asset coverage is
restored. Such a suspension of distributions might prevent the Fund
from distributing 90% of its investment company taxable income as is required in
order to avoid Fund-level federal income taxation on all of its income, or might
prevent the Fund from distributing enough income and capital gain net income to
avoid imposition of the excise tax.
Certain
of the Fund's investment practices are subject to special and complex U.S.
federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (i) disallow,
suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (ii)
convert lower taxed long-term capital gains and qualified dividend income into
higher taxed short-term capital gains or ordinary income, (iii) convert ordinary
loss or a deduction into capital loss (the deductibility of which is more
limited), (iv) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain without a
corresponding receipt of cash, (v) adversely affect the time as to when a
purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (vi) adversely alter
the characterization of certain complex financial transactions and (vii) produce
income that will not qualify as good income for purposes of the 90% annual gross
income requirement described above. The Fund will monitor its
transactions and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these
rules and prevent disqualification of the Fund as a regulated investment
company.
Because
the Fund may invest in foreign securities, its income from such securities may
be subject to non-U.S. taxes. The Fund intends to invest less than
50% of its total assets in foreign securities. As long as the Fund
continues to invest less than 50% of its assets in foreign securities it will
not be eligible to elect to "pass-through" to shareholders of the Fund the
ability to use the foreign tax deduction or foreign tax credit for foreign taxes
paid with respect to qualifying taxes.
Taxation
of Shareholders
The
Fund will determine either to distribute or to retain for reinvestment all or
part of its net capital gain. If any such gain is retained, the Fund
will be subject to a tax of 35% of such amount. In that event, the
Fund expects to designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gain in a
notice to its shareholders, each of whom (i) will be required to include in
income for tax purposes as long-term capital gain its share of such
undistributed amounts, (ii) will be entitled to credit its proportionate share
of the tax paid by the Fund against its U.S. federal income tax liability and to
claim refunds to the extent that the credit exceeds such liability and (iii)
will increase its basis in its shares of the Fund by an amount equal to 65% of
the amount of undistributed capital gain included in such shareholder's gross
income.
Distributions
paid by the Fund from its investment company taxable income, which includes net
short-term capital gain, generally are taxable as ordinary income to the extent
of the Fund's earnings and profits. Such distributions (if designated by the
Fund) may, however, qualify (provided holding period and other requirements are
met by both the Fund and the shareholder) (i) for the dividends received
deduction available to corporations, but only to the extent that the Fund's
income consists of dividend income from U.S. corporations and (ii) in the case
of individual shareholders as qualified dividend income eligible to be taxed at
a maximum rate to individuals of generally 15% (currently 5% for individuals in
lower tax brackets) to the extent that the Fund receives qualified
dividend
income. These special rules relating to the taxation of ordinary
income dividends paid by RICs to individual taxpayers generally apply to taxable
years beginning on or before December 31, 2010. Thereafter, the
Fund's dividends, other than capital gains dividends, will be fully taxable at
ordinary income rates unless further Congressional action is
taken. There can be no assurance as to what portion of the Fund's
distributions will qualify for favorable treatment as qualified dividend income.
Qualified dividend income is, in general, dividend income from taxable domestic
corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations (e.g., generally,
foreign corporations incorporated in a possession of the United States or in
certain countries with a qualifying comprehensive tax treaty with the United
States, or whose stock with respect to which such dividend is paid is readily
tradable on an established securities market in the United States). A
qualified foreign corporation does not include a foreign corporation which for
the taxable year of the corporation in which the dividend was paid, or the
preceding taxable year, is a "passive foreign investment company," as defined in
the Code. If the Fund lends portfolio securities, the amount received
by the Fund that is the equivalent of the dividends paid by the issuer on the
securities loaned will not be eligible for qualified dividend income
treatment. Distributions of net capital gain designated as capital
gain distributions, if any, are taxable to shareholders at rates applicable to
long-term capital gain, whether paid in cash or in shares, and regardless of how
long the shareholder has held the Fund's shares. Capital gain distributions are
not eligible for the dividends received deduction. The maximum tax rate on net
long-term capital gain of individuals is reduced generally from 20% to 15%
(currently 5% for individuals in lower brackets) for such gain realized before
January 1, 2011. Unrecaptured Section 1250 gain distributions, if
any, will be subject to a 25% tax. Distributions in excess of the
Fund's current and accumulated earnings and profits will first reduce the
adjusted tax basis of a holder's shares and, after such adjusted tax basis is
reduced to zero, will constitute capital gain to such holder (assuming the
shares are held as a capital asset). For non-corporate taxpayers,
investment company taxable income (other than qualified dividend income) will
currently be taxed at a maximum rate of 35%, while net capital gain generally
will be taxed at a maximum rate of 15%. For corporate taxpayers, both
investment company taxable income and net capital gain are taxed at a maximum
rate of 35%.
The
IRS currently requires that a registered investment company that has two or more
classes of stock allocate to each such class proportionate amounts of each type
of its income (such as ordinary income, capital gains, dividends qualifying for
the dividends received deduction ("DRD") and qualified dividend income) based
upon the percentage of total dividends paid out of current or accumulated
earnings and profits to each class for the tax year. Accordingly, the Fund
intends each year to allocate capital gain dividends, dividends qualifying for
the DRD and dividends that constitute qualified dividend income, if any, between
its common shares and preferred shares in proportion to the total dividends paid
out of current or accumulated earnings and profits to each class with respect to
such tax year. Distributions in excess of the Fund's current and accumulated
earnings and profits, if any, however, will not be allocated proportionately
among the common shares and Preferred Shares. Since the Fund's current and
accumulated earnings and profits will first be used to pay dividends on its
preferred shares (including f ixed rate preferred shares and
variable rate preferred shares ), distributions in excess of such earnings
and profits, if any, will be made disproportionately to holders of common
shares.
Shareholders
may be entitled to offset their capital gain distributions (but not
distributions eligible for qualified dividend income treatment) with capital
loss. There are a number of statutory provisions affecting when
capital loss may be offset against capital gain, and limiting the use of loss
from certain investments and activities. Accordingly, shareholders
with capital loss are urged to consult their tax advisers.
The
price of shares purchased at any time may reflect the amount of a forthcoming
distribution. Those purchasing shares just prior to a distribution
will receive a distribution which will be taxable to them even though it
represents in part a return of invested capital.
Upon
a sale, exchange or other disposition of shares, a shareholder will generally
realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount of
cash and the fair market value of other property received and the shareholder's
adjusted tax basis in the shares. Such gain or loss will be treated
as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one
year. Any loss realized on a sale or exchange will be disallowed to
the extent the shares disposed of are replaced by substantially identical shares
within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the
date that the shares are disposed of. In such a case, the basis of
the shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed
loss.
Any
loss realized by a shareholder on the sale of Fund shares held by the
shareholder for six months or less will be treated for tax purposes as a
long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain distributions received
by the shareholder (or amounts credited to the shareholder as an undistributed
capital gain) with respect to such shares.
Ordinary
income distributions and capital gain distributions also may be subject to state
and local taxes. Shareholders are urged to consult their own tax
advisers regarding specific questions about U.S. federal (including the
application of the alternative minimum tax rules), state, local or foreign tax
consequences to them of investing in the Fund.
Ordinary
income distributions (but not capital gain distributions) paid to shareholders
who are non-resident aliens or foreign entities (a "foreign investor") will
generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax under existing provisions of
the Code applicable
to
foreign individuals and entities, unless a reduced rate of withholding or a
withholding exemption is provided under applicable treaty law. In order to
obtain such a reduced rate of withholding, a non-U.S. person shareholder will be
required to provide an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN certifying its
entitlement to benefits under a treaty. In general, U.S. federal
withholding tax will not apply to any gain or income realized by a foreign
investor in respect of any distributions of net long-term capital gains over net
short-term capital losses, or upon the sale or other disposition of shares of
the Fund.
Different
tax consequences may result if the foreign investor is engaged in a trade or
business in the United States or, in the case of an individual, is present in
the United States for 183 or more days during a taxable year and certain other
conditions are met. Foreign investors are urged to consult their own
tax advisers concerning the applicability of the U.S. withholding
tax.
The
Fund may be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax on all taxable
distributions and redemption proceeds payable to non-corporate shareholders who
fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number or to
make required certifications, or who have been notified by the IRS that they are
subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an
additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be refunded or credited
against such shareholder's U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided
that the required information is furnished to the IRS.
Taxation
of Noteholders
Noteholders
will be required to include payments of interest on the notes in their gross
income in accordance with their method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax
purposes.
Any
gain from the disposition of the notes will be treated as capital gain for
noteholders who hold the notes as capital assets and as long-term capital gain
if the notes have been held for more than one year as of the date of
disposition. However, a portion of such gain may be required to be
treated as ordinary income under special rules of the Code governing the
treatment of market discount. A noteholder who acquires a note at a
market discount (i.e., at a price less than the principal amount or the
"adjusted issue price" as determined for tax purposes, if relevant), such as a
subsequent purchaser of the notes, will be required to treat as ordinary income
a portion of any gain realized upon a disposition of the note equal to the
amount of market discount deemed to have been accrued as of the date of
disposition unless an election is made to include such discount in income on a
current basis. A noteholder who acquires a note at a market discount
and does not elect to include such discount in income on a current basis will be
required to defer deduction of a portion of interest paid or accrued on debt
incurred or continue to purchase or carry the note until the noteholder disposes
of the note. These rules may have an effect on the price that can be
obtained upon the sale of a note. Amounts received upon a redemption
of the notes will be subject to tax as ordinary income to the extent of any
accrued and unpaid interest on the notes as of the date of
redemption.
The
Fund is required in certain circumstances to backup withholding on interest
distributions paid to non-corporate holders of the Fund's notes who do not
furnish the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (in the case
of individuals, their social security number) and certain certifications, or who
are otherwise subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is
not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld from payments made to you
may be refunded or credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if
any, provided that the required information is furnished to the
IRS.
If
you are a foreign investor, the payment of interest on the notes generally will
be considered "portfolio interest" and thus generally will be exempt from U.S.
withholding tax. This exemption will apply to you provided that (1) interest
paid on the notes is not effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or
business in the United States, (2) you are not a bank whose receipt of interest
on the notes is described in Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, (3) you do not
actually or constructively own 10 percent or more of the combined voting power
of all classes of the Fund's stock entitled to vote, (4) you are not a
controlled foreign corporation that is related, directly or indirectly, to the
Fund through stock ownership, and (5) you satisfy the certification requirements
described below.
To
satisfy the certification requirements, either (1) the holder of any notes must
certify, under penalties of perjury, that such holder is a non-U.S. person and
must provide such owner's name, address and taxpayer identification number, if
any, on IRS Form W-8BEN, or (2) a securities clearing organization, bank or
other financial institution that holds customer securities in the ordinary
course of its trade or business and holds the notes on behalf of the holder
thereof must certify, under penalties of perjury, that it has received a valid
and properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN from the beneficial holder and comply with
certain other requirements. Special certification rules apply for notes held by
a foreign partnership and other intermediaries.
Interest
on notes received by a foreign investor that is not excluded from U.S. federal
withholding tax under the portfolio interest exemption as described above
generally will be subject to 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a reduced rate of
withholding or a withholding exemption is provided under applicable treaty
law. In order to obtain such a reduced rate of withholding, a foreign
investor will be required to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN certifying its
entitlement to benefits under a treaty.
Any
capital gain that a foreign investor realizes on a sale, exchange or other
disposition of notes generally will be exempt from United States federal income
tax, including withholding tax.
Different
tax consequences may result if the foreign investor is engaged in a trade or
business in the United States or, in the case of an individual , is present in
the United States for 183 or more days during a taxable year and certain other
conditions are met. Foreign investors are urged to consult their own
tax advisers concerning the applicability of the U.S. withholding
tax.
The
foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the applicable provisions of
the Code and Treasury regulations presently in effect. For the
complete provisions, reference should be made to the pertinent Code sections and
the Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder. The Code and the
Treasury regulations are subject to change by legislative, judicial or
administrative action, either prospectively or retroactively. Persons
considering an investment in common shares should consult their own tax advisers
regarding the purchase, ownership and disposition of common shares.
NET
ASSET VALUE
Portfolio
Valuation. The net asset value of the Fund's common shares
will be computed based on the market value of the assets it holds and will
generally be determined daily as of the close of regular trading on the
NYSE.
Portfolio
instruments of the Fund which are traded in a market subject to government
regulation on which trades are reported contemporaneously generally will be
valued at the last sale price on the principal market for such instruments as of
the close of regular trading on the day the instruments are being valued, or
lacking any sales, at the average of the bid and asked price on the principal
market for such instruments on the most recent date on which bid and asked
prices are available. Initial public offering securities are
initially valued at cost, and thereafter as any other equity
security. Other readily marketable assets will be valued at the
average of quotations provided by dealers maintaining an active market in such
instruments. Short-term debt instruments that are credit impaired or
mature in more than 60 days for which market quotations are available are valued
at the latest average of the bid and asked prices obtained from a dealer
maintaining an active market in that security. Short-term investments
that are not credit impaired and mature in 60 days or fewer are valued at
amortized cost from purchase price or value on the 61st day prior to
maturity. Securities and other assets for which market quotations are
not readily available will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith
by or under the direction of the Investment Adviser in accordance with
guidelines adopted by the Fund. The Fund may employ recognized
pricing services from time to time for the purpose of pricing portfolio
instruments (including non-U.S. dollar denominated assets and futures and
options).
Trading
takes place in various foreign markets on days which are not Business Days and
on which therefore the Fund's net asset value per share is not
calculated. The calculation of the Fund's net asset value may not
take place contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of portfolio
securities held by the Fund. Events affecting the values of portfolio
securities that occur between the time their prices are determined and the close
of the NYSE will not be reflected in the Fund's calculation of net asset value
unless the Board deems that the particular event would materially affect the net
asset value, in which case the fair value of those securities will be determined
by consideration of other factors by or under the direction of the
Board.
Net
asset value per share is calculated by dividing the value of the securities held
plus any cash or other assets minus all liabilities, including accrued expenses,
by the total number of shares outstanding at such time.
BENEFICIAL
OWNERS
As of April 30, 2008,
Mario J. Gabelli and his affiliates* were known to the Fund to own 5% or more of
the Fund's outstanding common shares of the Fund.
As
of April 30, 2008, there were no persons known to the Fund to be beneficial
owners of more than 5% of the Fund's outstanding preferred shares.
As
of December 31, 2007, the Directors and o fficers of the Fund as a group
beneficially owned approximately 12% of the Fund's outstanding common shares and
1% of the Fund's outstanding preferred shares.
____________________
*
Mr. Gabelli and his affiliates owned 10.8% of the outstanding common shares of
the Fund as of December 31, 2007. This amount includes 252,481 shares
owned directly by Mr. Gabelli, 19,000 shares owned by a family partnership for
which Mr. Gabelli serves as general partner, and 1,094,350 shares owned by GAMCO
Investors, Inc. or its affiliates. Mr. Gabelli disclaims beneficial ownership of
the shares held by the discretionary accounts and by the entities named except
to the extent of his interest in such entities.
GENERAL
INFORMATION
Book-Entry-Only
Issuance
DTC
will act as securities depository for the shares of fixed rate preferred shares
and/or auction market-rate preferred shares offered pursuant to the Prospectus.
The information in this section concerning DTC and DTC's book-entry system is
based upon information obtained from DTC. The securities offered
hereby initially will be issued only as fully-registered securities registered
in the name of Cede & Co. (as nominee for DTC). One or more
fully-registered global security certificates initially will be issued,
representing in the aggregate the total number of securities, and deposited with
DTC.
DTC
is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a
"banking organization" within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member
of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing corporation" within the meaning of
the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a "clearing agency" registered pursuant
to the provisions of Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended. DTC holds securities that its participants deposit with
DTC. DTC also facilities the settlement among participants of
securities transactions, such as transfers and pledges, in deposited securities
through electronic computerized book-entry changes in participants' accounts,
thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities
certificates. Direct DTC participants include securities brokers and
dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other
organizations. Access to the DTC system is also available to others
such as securities brokers and dealers, banks and trust companies that clear
through or maintain a custodial relationship with a direct participant, either
directly or indirectly through other entities.
Purchases
of securities within the DTC system must be made by or through direct
participants, which will receive a credit for the securities on DTC's records.
The ownership interest of each actual purchaser of a security, a beneficial
owner, is in turn to be recorded on the direct or indirect participants'
records. Beneficial owners will not receive written confirmation from
DTC of their purchases, but beneficial owners are expected to receive written
confirmations providing details of the transactions, and periodic statements of
their holdings, from the direct or indirect participants through which the
beneficial owners purchased securities. Transfers of ownership
interests in securities are to be accomplished by entries made on the books of
participants acting on behalf of beneficial owners. Beneficial owners
will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in
securities, except as provided herein.
DTC
has no knowledge of the actual beneficial owners of the securities being offered
pursuant to this Prospectus; DTC's records reflect only the identity of the
direct participants to whose accounts such securities are credited, which may or
may not be the beneficial owners. The participants will remain
responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their
customers.
Conveyance
of notices and other communications by DTC to direct participants, by direct
participants to indirect participants, and by direct participants and indirect
participants to beneficial owners will be governed by arrangements among them,
subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from
time to time.
Payments
on the securities will be made to DTC. DTC's practice is to credit
direct participants' accounts on the relevant payment date in accordance with
their respective holdings shown on DTC's records unless DTC has reason to
believe that it will not receive payments on such payment
date. Payments by participants to beneficial owners will be governed
by standing instructions and customary practices and will be the responsibility
of such participant and not of DTC or the Fund, subject to any statutory or
regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to
time. Payment of distributions to DTC is the responsibility of the
Fund, disbursement of such payments to direct participants is the responsibility
of DTC, and disbursement of such payments to the beneficial owners is the
responsibility of direct and indirect participants. Furthermore each beneficial
owner must rely on the procedures of DTC to exercise any rights under the
securities.
DTC
may discontinue providing its services as securities depository with respect to
the securities at any time by giving reasonable notice to the
Fund. Under such circumstances, in the event that a successor
securities depository is not obtained, certificates representing the securities
will be printed and delivered.
Proxy
Voting Procedures
The
Fund has adopted the proxy voting procedures of the Investment Adviser and has
directed the Investment Adviser to vote all proxies relating to the Fund's
voting securities in accordance with such procedures. The proxy
voting procedures are attached hereto as Appendix A. They are also on
file with the SEC and can be reviewed and copied at the SEC's Public Reference
Room in Washington, D.C., and information on the operation of the Public
Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 202-551-8090. The proxy
voting procedures are also available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC's internet
site (http://www.sec.gov) and
copies
of the proxy voting procedures may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee,
by electronic request at the follow E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by
writing the SEC's Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
Code
of Ethics
The Fund and the Investment Adviser
have adopted a code of ethics (the "Code of Ethics") under Rule 17j-1 under the
1940 Act. The Code of Ethics permits personnel, subject to the Code of Ethics
and its restrictive provisions, to invest in securities, including securities
that may be purchased or held by the Fund. The Code of Ethics can be reviewed
and copied at the SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington,
D.C. Information on the operations of the Reference Room may be
obtained by calling the SEC at 202-551-8090. The Code of Ethics is also
available on the EDGAR database on the SEC's Internet web site at
http://www.sec.gov. Copies of the Code of Ethics may also be obtained, after
paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address:
publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SEC's Public Reference Room, Washington,
D.C. 20549-0102.
Joint
Code of Conduct for Chief Executive and Senior Financial Officers
The Fund and the Investment Adviser
have adopted a code of conduct for the principal executive and financial
officers. This code of conduct sets forth policies to guide the principal
executive and financial officers in the performance of their duties. The code of
conduct is on file with the SEC and can be reviewed and copied at the SEC's
Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C., and information on the operation of
the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the Commission at
202-551-8090. The code of conduct is also available on the EDGAR Database on the
SEC's Internet web site at http://www.sec.gov, and copies of the code of conduct
may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the
following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SEC's Public
Reference Room, Washington,
D.C. 20549-0102.
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
The
audited financial statements included in the Annual Report to the Fund's
Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2007, together with the report
of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP thereon, are incorporated herein
by reference from the Fund's annual report. All other portions of the
annual report are not incorporated herein by reference and are not part of the
Registration Statement. A copy of the annual report may be obtained
without charge by writing to the Fund at its address at One Corporate Center,
Rye, New York 10580-1422 or by calling the Fund toll-free at 800-GABELLI
(422-3554).
APPENDIX
A
GAMCO
INVESTORS, INC. and AFFILIATES
The
Voting of Proxies on Behalf of Clients
Rules 204(4)-2 and 204-2 under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and Rule 30b1-4 under the Investment Company Act
of 1940 require investment advisers to adopt written policies and procedures
governing the voting of proxies on behalf of their clients.
These procedures will be used by GAMCO
Asset Management Inc., Gabelli Funds, LLC, Gabelli Securities, Inc., and Teton
Advisors, Inc. (collectively, the "Advisers") to determine how to vote proxies
relating to portfolio securities held by their clients, including the procedures
that the Advisers use when a vote presents a conflict between the interests of
the shareholders of an investment company managed by one of the Advisers, on the
one hand, and those of the Advisers; the principal underwriter; or any
affiliated person of the investment company, the Advisers, or the principal
underwriter. These procedures will not apply where the Advisers do
not have voting discretion or where the Advisers have agreed to with a client to
vote the client's proxies in accordance with specific guidelines or procedures
supplied by the client (to the extent permitted by ERISA).
I. Proxy
Voting Committee
The Proxy Voting Committee was
originally formed in April 1989 for the purpose of formulating guidelines and
reviewing proxy statements within the parameters set by the substantive proxy
voting guidelines originally published in 1988 and updated periodically, a copy
of which are appended as Exhibit A. The Committee will include
representatives of Research, Administration, Legal, and the
Advisers. Additional or replacement members of the Committee will be
nominated by the Chairman and voted upon by the entire Committee.
Meetings are held on an as needed basis
to form views on the manner in which the Advisers should vote proxies on behalf
of their clients.
In general, the Director of Proxy
Voting Services, using the Proxy Guidelines, recommendations of Institutional
Shareholder Corporate Governance Service ("ISS"), other third-party services and
the analysts of Gabelli & Company, Inc., will determine how to vote on each
issue. For non-controversial matters, the Director of Proxy Voting
Services may vote the proxy if the vote is (1) consistent with the
recommendations of the issuer's Board of Directors and not contrary to the Proxy
Guidelines; (2) consistent with the recommendations of the issuer's Board of
Directors and is a non-controversial issue not covered by the Proxy Guidelines;
or (3) the vote is contrary to the recommendations of the Board of Directors but
is consistent with the Proxy Guidelines. In those instances, the
Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Chairman of the Committee may sign and
date the proxy statement indicating how each issue will be voted.
All matters identified by the Chairman
of the Committee, the Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Legal Department
as controversial, taking into account the recommendations of ISS or other third
party services and the analysts of Gabelli & Company, Inc., will be
presented to the Proxy Voting Committee. If the Chairman of the
Committee, the Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Legal Department has
identified the matter as one that (1) is controversial; (2) would benefit from
deliberation by the Proxy Voting Committee; or (3) may give rise to a conflict
of interest between the Advisers and their clients, the Chairman of the
Committee will initially determine what vote to recommend that the Advisers
should cast and the matter will go before the Committee.
A. Conflicts
of Interest.
The Advisers have implemented these
proxy voting procedures in order to prevent conflicts of interest from
influencing their proxy voting decisions. By following the Proxy
Guidelines, as well as the recommendations of ISS, other third-party services
and the analysts of Gabelli & Company, the Advisers are able to avoid,
wherever possible, the influence of potential conflicts of
interest. Nevertheless, circumstances may arise in which one or more
of the Advisers are faced with a conflict of interest or the appearance of a
conflict of interest in connection with its vote. In general, a
conflict of interest may arise when an Adviser knowingly does business with an
issuer, and may appear to have a material conflict between its own interests and
the interests of the shareholders of an investment company managed by one of the
Advisers regarding how the proxy is to be voted. A conflict also may
exist when an Adviser has actual knowledge of a material business arrangement
between an issuer and an affiliate of the Adviser.
In practical terms, a conflict of
interest may arise, for example, when a proxy is voted for a company that is a
client of one of the Advisers, such as GAMCO Asset Management Inc. A
conflict also may arise when a client of one of the Advisers has made a
shareholder proposal in a proxy to be voted upon by one or more of the
Advisers. The Director of Proxy Voting Services, together with the
Legal Department, will scrutinize all proxies for these or other situations that
may give rise to a conflict of interest with respect to the voting of
proxies.
B. Operation
of Proxy Voting Committee
For matters submitted to the Committee,
each member of the Committee will receive, prior to the meeting, a copy of the
proxy statement, any relevant third party research, a summary of any views
provided by the Chief Investment Officer and any recommendations by Gabelli
& Company, Inc. analysts. The Chief Investment Officer or the
Gabelli & Company, Inc. analysts may be invited to present their
viewpoints. If the Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Legal
Department believe that the matter before the committee is one with respect to
which a conflict of interest may exist between the Advisers and their clients,
counsel will provide an opinion to the Committee concerning the
conflict. If the matter is one in which the interests of the clients
of one or more of Advisers may diverge, counsel will so advise and the Committee
may make different recommendations as to different clients. For any
matters where the recommendation may trigger appraisal rights, counsel will
provide an opinion concerning the likely risks and merits of such an appraisal
action.
Each matter submitted to the Committee
will be determined by the vote of a majority of the members present at the
meeting. Should the vote concerning one or more recommendations be
tied in a vote of the Committee, the Chairman of the Committee will cast the
deciding vote. The Committee will notify the proxy department of its
decisions and the proxies will be voted accordingly.
Although the Proxy Guidelines express
the normal preferences for the voting of any shares not covered by a contrary
investment guideline provided by the client, the Committee is not bound by the
preferences set forth in the Proxy Guidelines and will review each matter on its
own merits. Written minutes of all Proxy Voting Committee meetings
will be maintained. The Advisers subscribe to ISS, which supplies
current information on companies, matters being voted on, regulations, trends in
proxy voting and information on corporate governance issues.
If the vote cast either by the analyst
or as a result of the deliberations of the Proxy Voting Committee runs contrary
to the recommendation of the Board of Directors of the issuer, the matter will
be referred to legal counsel to determine whether an amendment to the most
recently filed Schedule 13D is appropriate.
II. Social
Issues and Other Client Guidelines
If a client has provided special
instructions relating to the voting of proxies, they should be noted in the
client's account file and forwarded to the proxy department. This is
the responsibility of the investment professional or sales assistant for the
client. In accordance with Department of Labor guidelines, the
Advisers' policy is to vote on behalf of ERISA accounts in the best interest of
the plan participants with regard to social issues that carry an economic
impact. Where an account is not governed by ERISA, the Advisers will
vote shares held on behalf of the client in a manner consistent with any
individual investment/voting guidelines provided by the
client. Otherwise the Advisers will abstain with respect to those
shares.
III. Client
Retention of Voting Rights
If a client chooses to retain the right
to vote proxies or if there is any change in voting authority, the following
should be notified by the investment professional or sales assistant for the
client.
- Operations
- Legal Department
- Proxy Department
- Investment professional assigned to
the account
In the event that the Board of
Directors (or a Committee thereof) of one or more of the investment companies
managed by one of the Advisers has retained direct voting control over any
security, the Proxy Voting Department will provide each Board Member (or
Committee member) with a copy of the proxy statement together with any other
relevant information including recommendations of ISS or other third-party
services.
IV. Voting
Records
The Proxy Voting Department will retain
a record of matters voted upon by the Advisers for their clients. The
Advisers will supply information on how an account voted its proxies upon
request.
A letter is sent to the custodians for
all clients for which the Advisers have voting responsibility instructing them
to forward all proxy materials to:
[Adviser
name]
Attn:
Proxy Voting Department
One
Corporate Center
Rye,
New York 10580-1422
The sales assistant sends the letters to the custodians along with the
trading/DTC instructions. Proxy voting records will be retained in
compliance with Rule 204-2 under the Investment Advisers Act.
V. Voting
Procedures
1. Custodian
banks, outside brokerage firms and clearing firms are responsible for forwarding
proxies directly to the Advisers.
Proxies
are received in one of two forms:
• Shareholder
Vote Authorization Forms ("VAFs") - Issued by Broadridge Financial Solutions,
Inc. ("Broadridge") VAFs must be voted through the issuing institution causing a
time lag. Broadridge is an outside service contracted by the various
institutions to issue proxy materials.
• Proxy
cards which may be voted directly.
2. Upon
receipt of the proxy, the number of shares each form represents is logged into
the proxy system according to security.
3. In
the case of a discrepancy such as an incorrect number of shares, an improperly
signed or dated card, wrong class of security, etc., the issuing custodian is
notified by phone. A corrected proxy is requested. Any
arrangements are made to insure that a proper proxy is received in time to be
voted (overnight delivery, fax, etc.). When securities are out on
loan on record date, the custodian is requested to supply written
verification.
4. Upon
receipt of instructions from the proxy committee (see Administrative), the votes
are cast and recorded for each account on an individual basis.
Records
have been maintained on the Proxy Edge system. The system is backed
up regularly.
Proxy
Edge records include:
Security
Name and Cusip Number
Date
and Type of Meeting (Annual, Special, Contest)
Client
Name
Adviser
or Fund Account Number
Directors'
Recommendation
How
GAMCO voted for the client on each issue
5. VAFs
are kept alphabetically by security. Records for the current proxy
season are located in the Proxy Voting Department office. In
preparation for the upcoming season, files are transferred to an offsite storage
facility during January/February.
6. Shareholder
Vote Authorization Forms issued by Broadridge are always sent directly to a
specific individual at Broadridge.
7. If
a proxy card or VAF is received too late to be voted in the conventional matter,
every attempt is made to vote on one of the following manners:
• VAFs
can be faxed to Broadridge up until the time of the meeting. This is
followed up by mailing the original form.
• When
a solicitor has been retained, the solicitor is called. At the
solicitor's direction, the proxy is faxed.
8. In
the case of a proxy contest, records are maintained for each opposing
entity.
9. Voting
in Person
a)
At times it may be necessary to vote the shares in person. In this
case, a "legal proxy" is obtained in the following manner:
• Banks
and brokerage firms using the services at Broadridge:
The back of the VAF is stamped
indicating that we wish to vote in person. The forms are then sent
overnight to Broadridge. Broadridge issues individual legal proxies
and sends them back via overnight (or the Adviser can pay messenger
charges). A lead-time of at least two weeks prior to the meeting is
needed to do this. Alternatively, the procedures detailed below for
banks not using Broadridge may be implemented.
• Banks
and brokerage firms issuing proxies directly:
The bank is called and/or faxed and a legal proxy is requested.
All legal proxies should appoint:
"Representative
of [Adviser name] with full power of substitution."
b) The
legal proxies are given to the person attending the meeting along with the
following supplemental material:
• A
limited Power of Attorney appointing the attendee an Adviser
representative.
• A
list of all shares being voted by custodian only. Client names and
account numbers are not included. This list must be presented, along
with the proxies, to the Inspectors of Elections and/or tabulator at least
one-half hour prior to the scheduled start of the meeting. The
tabulator must "qualify" the votes (i.e. determine if the vote have previously
been cast, if the votes have been rescinded, etc. vote have previously been
cast, etc.).
• A
sample ERISA and Individual contract.
• A
sample of the annual authorization to vote proxies form.
• A
copy of our most recent Schedule 13D filing (if applicable).
Appendix
A
Proxy
Guidelines
PROXY
VOTING GUIDELINES
GENERAL
POLICY STATEMENT
It
is the policy of GAMCO Investors, Inc. to vote in the best economic interests of
our clients. As we state in our Magna Carta of Shareholders Rights,
established in May 1988, we are neither for nor against
management. We are for shareholders.
At
our first proxy committee meeting in 1989, it was decided that each proxy
statement should be evaluated on its own merits within the framework first
established by our Magna Carta of Shareholders Rights. The attached
guidelines serve to enhance that broad framework.
We
do not consider any issue routine. We take into consideration all of
our research on the company, its directors, and their short and long-term goals
for the company. In cases where issues that we generally do not
approve of are combined with other issues, the negative aspects of the issues
will be factored into the evaluation of the overall proposals but will not
necessitate a vote in opposition to the overall proposals.
BOARD
OF DIRECTORS
The
advisers do not consider the election of the Board of Directors a routine
issue. Each slate of directors is evaluated on a case-by-case
basis.
Factors
taken into consideration include:
• Historical
responsiveness to shareholders
This may include such areas
as:
-Paying greenmail
-Failure to adopt shareholder
resolutions receiving a majority of shareholder votes
• Qualifications
• Nominating
committee in place
• Number
of outside directors on the board
• Attendance
at meetings
• Overall
performance
SELECTION
OF AUDITORS
In general, we support the Board of
Directors' recommendation for auditors.
BLANK
CHECK PREFERRED STOCK
We oppose the issuance of blank check
preferred stock.
Blank check preferred stock allows the
company to issue stock and establish dividends, voting rights, etc. without
further shareholder approval.
CLASSIFIED
BOARD
A classified board is one where the
directors are divided into classes with overlapping terms. A
different class is elected at each annual meeting.
While a classified board promotes
continuity of directors facilitating long range planning, we feel directors
should be accountable to shareholders on an annual basis. We will
look at this proposal on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration the
board's historical responsiveness to the rights of shareholders.
Where a classified board is in place we
will generally not support attempts to change to an annually elected
board.
When an annually elected board is in
place, we generally will not support attempts to classify the
board.
INCREASE
AUTHORIZED COMMON STOCK
The request to increase the amount of
outstanding shares is considered on a case-by-case basis.
Factors taken into consideration
include:
• Future
use of additional shares
-Stock split
-Stock option or other executive
compensation plan
-Finance growth of company/strengthen
balance sheet
-Aid in restructuring
-Improve credit rating
-Implement a poison pill or other
takeover defense
• Amount
of stock currently authorized but not yet issued or reserved for stock option
plans
• Amount
of additional stock to be authorized and its dilutive effect
We
will support this proposal if a detailed and verifiable plan for the use of the
additional shares is contained in the proxy statement.
CONFIDENTIAL
BALLOT
We support the idea that a shareholder's identity and vote should be treated
with confidentiality.
However,
we look at this issue on a case-by-case basis.
In order to promote confidentiality in the voting process, we endorse the use of
independent Inspectors of Election.
CUMULATIVE
VOTING
In general, we support cumulative voting.
Cumulative
voting is a process by which a shareholder may multiply the number of directors
being elected by the number of shares held on record date and cast the total
number for one candidate or allocate the voting among two or more
candidates.
Where cumulative voting is in place, we will vote against any proposal to
rescind this shareholder right.
Cumulative voting may result in a minority block of stock gaining
representation on the board. When a proposal is made to institute
cumulative voting, the proposal will be reviewed on a case-by-case
basis. While we feel that each board member should represent all
shareholders, cumulative voting provides minority shareholders an opportunity to
have their views represented.
DIRECTOR
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
We support efforts to attract the best
possible directors by limiting the liability and increasing the indemnification
of directors, except in the case of insider dealing.
EQUAL
ACCESS TO THE PROXY
The SEC's rules provide for shareholder
resolutions. However, the resolutions are limited in scope and there
is a 500 word limit on proponents' written arguments. Management has
no such limitations. While we support equal access to the proxy, we
would look at such variables as length of time required to respond, percentage
of ownership, etc.
FAIR
PRICE PROVISIONS
Charter provisions requiring a bidder
to pay all shareholders a fair price are intended to prevent two-tier tender
offers that may be abusive. Typically, these provisions do not apply
to board-approved transactions.
We support fair price provisions
because we feel all shareholders should be entitled to receive the same
benefits.
Reviewed on a case-by-case
basis.
GOLDEN
PARACHUTES
Golden parachutes are severance
payments to top executives who are terminated or demoted after a
takeover.
We support any proposal that would
assure management of its own welfare so that they may continue to make decisions
in the best interest of the company and shareholders even if the decision
results in them losing their job. We do not, however, support
excessive golden parachutes. Therefore, each proposal will be decided
on a case-by- case basis.
Note: Congress has imposed a tax on any
parachute that is more than three times the executive's average annual
compensation.
ANTI-GREENMAIL
PROPOSALS
We do not support
greenmail. An offer extended to one shareholder should be extended to
all shareholders equally across the board.
LIMIT
SHAREHOLDERS' RIGHTS TO CALL SPECIAL MEETINGS
We support the right of shareholders to
call a special meeting.
CONSIDERATION
OF NONFINANCIAL EFFECTS OF A MERGER
This proposal releases the directors
from only looking at the financial effects of a merger and allows them the
opportunity to consider the merger's effects on employees, the community, and
consumers.
As a fiduciary, we are obligated to
vote in the best economic interests of our clients. In general, this
proposal does not allow us to do that. Therefore, we generally cannot
support this proposal.
Reviewed on a case-by-case
basis.
MERGERS, BUYOUTS, SPIN-OFFS, RESTRUCTURINGS
Each of the above is considered on a
case-by-case basis. According to the Department of Labor, we are not
required to vote for a proposal simply because the offering price is at a
premium to the current market price. We may take into consideration
the long term interests of the shareholders.
MILITARY
ISSUES
Shareholder proposals regarding
military production must be evaluated on a purely economic set of criteria for
our ERISA clients. As such, decisions will be made on a case-by-case
basis.
In voting on this proposal for our
non-ERISA clients, we will vote according to the client's direction when
applicable. Where no direction has been given, we will vote in the
best economic interests of our clients. It is not our duty to impose
our social judgment on others.
NORTHERN
IRELAND
Shareholder proposals requesting the
signing of the MacBride principles for the purpose of countering the
discrimination of Catholics in hiring practices must be evaluated on a purely
economic set of criteria for our ERISA clients. As such, decisions
will be made on a case-by-case basis.
In voting on this proposal for our
non-ERISA clients, we will vote according to client direction when
applicable. Where no direction has been given, we will vote in the
best economic interests of our clients. It is not our duty to impose
our social judgment on others.
OPT
OUT OF STATE ANTI-TAKEOVER LAW
This shareholder proposal requests that
a company opt out of the coverage of the state's takeover
statutes. Example: Delaware law requires that a buyer must acquire at
least 85% of the company's stock before the buyer can exercise control unless
the board approves.
We consider this on a case-by-case
basis. Our decision will be based on the following:
• State
of Incorporation
• Management
history of responsiveness to shareholders
• Other
mitigating factors
POISON
PILL
In general, we do not endorse poison
pills.
In certain cases where management has a
history of being responsive to the needs of shareholders and the stock is very
liquid, we will reconsider this position.
REINCORPORATION
Generally, we support reincorporation
for well-defined business reasons. We oppose reincorporation if
proposed solely for the purpose of reincorporating in a state with more
stringent anti-takeover statutes that may negatively impact the value of the
stock.
STOCK
OPTION PLANS
Stock option plans are an excellent way
to attract, hold and motivate directors and employees. However, each
stock option plan must be evaluated on its own merits, taking into consideration
the following:
• Dilution
of voting power or earnings per share by more than 10%
• Kind
of stock to be awarded, to whom, when and how much
• Method
of payment
• Amount
of stock already authorized but not yet issued under existing stock option
plans
SUPERMAJORITY
VOTE REQUIREMENTS
Supermajority vote requirements in a
company's charter or bylaws require a level of voting approval in excess of a
simple majority of the outstanding shares. In general, we oppose
supermajority-voting requirements. Supermajority requirements often
exceed the average level of shareholder participation. We support
proposals' approvals by a simple majority of the shares voting.
LIMIT
SHAREHOLDERS RIGHT TO ACT BY WRITTEN CONSENT
Written consent allows shareholders to
initiate and carry on a shareholder action without having to wait until the next
annual meeting or to call a special meeting. It permits action to be
taken by the written consent of the same percentage of the shares that would be
required to effect proposed action at a shareholder meeting.
Reviewed on a case-by-case
basis.
PART
C
OTHER
INFORMATION
Item
25. Financial
Statements and Exhibits
Part
A
None
Part
B
Statement
of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2007
Statement
of Operations for the Period Ended December 31, 2007
Statement
of Changes in Net Assets
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
(a)
|
(i)
|
Articles
of Amendment and Restatement of Registrant (2)
|
|
|
|
(ii)
|
Articles
Supplementary for the 6.00% Series B Cumulative Preferred Stock
(2)
|
|
|
|
(iii)
|
Articles
Supplementary for the Series C Auction Rate Cumulative Preferred
Stock (2)
|
|
|
|
(iv)
|
Articles
Supplementary for the Series
___ [ ]
Preferred Stock (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
Amended
and Restated By-Laws of Registrant (3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(c)
|
Not
applicable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(d)
|
(i)
|
Form
of Specimen Common Stock Certificate (3)
|
|
|
|
(ii)
|
Form of
Specimen for Series __ [ ]
Preferred Stock (1)
|
|
|
|
(iii)
|
Form
of Indenture (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(e)
|
Automatic
Dividend Reinvestment and Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan of Registrant
(3)
|
|
(f)
|
Not
applicable
|
|
(g)
|
Form
of Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Gabelli Funds, LLC
(4)
|
|
(h)
|
Form
of Underwriting Agreement (1)
|
|
(i)
|
Not
applicable
|
|
(j)
|
Form
of Custodian Contract (5)
|
|
(k)
|
(i)
|
Form
of Registrar, Transfer Agency and Service Agreement (3)
|
|
|
(ii)
|
Form
of Auction-Agent Agreement (2)
|
|
|
(iii)
|
Form
of Broker-Dealer Agreement (2)
|
|
|
(iv)
|
Form
of DTC Agreement (2)
|
|
(l)
|
Opinion
and Consent of Miles & Stockbridge P.C. with respect to legality
(1)
|
|
(m)
|
Not
applicable
|
|
(n)
|
(i)
|
Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
( 7 )
|
|
|
(ii)
|
Powers
of Attorney (6)
|
|
|
|
|
(o)
|
Not
applicable
|
|
|
|
|
(p)
|
Not
applicable
|
|
|
|
|
(q)
|
Not
applicable
|
|
|
|
|
(r)
|
(i)
|
Code
of Ethics of the Fund and the Investment Adviser (7)
|
|
|
(ii) |
Joint
Code of Ethics for Chief Executive and Senior Financial Officers
(7) |
___________________________
(1)
|
To
be filed by Amendment.
|
(2)
|
Incorporated
by reference to the Registrant's Pre-Effective Amendment No. 4 to the
Fund's Registration Statement on Form N-2 Nos. 333-102494 and 811-05715,
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 13,
2003.
|
(3)
|
Incorporated
by reference to the Registrant's Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 to the
Fund's Registration Statement on Form N-2 Nos. 333-26644 and 811-05715, as
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31,
1995.
|
(4)
|
Incorporated
by reference from the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A,
File Nos. 33-26644 and 811-05715, as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on January 17,
1989.
|
(5)
|
Incorporated
by reference from the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-2,
File No. 333-24541 and 811-05715, as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 9, 1997
|
|
Incorporated
by reference from the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-2,
File No. 333-149938 and 811-05715, as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 28,
2008.
|
Item
26. Marketing
Arrangements
Reference
is made to Exhibit 2(h) to this Registration Statement to be filed by
amendment.
Item
27. Other
Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The
following table sets forth the estimated expenses to be incurred in connection
with the offering described in this Registration Statement:
NYSE
listing fee
|
$ 20,000
|
|
|
|
|
SEC
Registration fees
|
$ 3,930
|
|
|
|
|
Rating
Agency Fees
|
$ 25,000
|
|
|
|
|
Printing/engraving
expenses
|
$ 30,000
|
|
|
|
|
Accounting
fees
|
$ 30,000
|
|
|
|
|
Transfer
Agent fees
|
$ 0
|
|
|
|
|
Legal
fees
|
$ 150,000
|
|
|
|
|
Blue
Sky fees
|
$ 20,000
|
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
$ 21,070
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
estimate
|
$300,000
|
|
Item
28. Persons
Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant
NONE
Item
29. Number
of Holders of Securities as of March 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
Stock
|
|
1,750
|
6.00%
Series B Cumulative Preferred Stock
|
|
4
|
Series
C Auction Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Item
30. Indemnification
Reference
is made to (a) Article VI of Exhibit 2(a)(i) to this Registration Statement; (b)
Section 9 of Exhibit 2(g) to this Registration Statement; and (c) Section 8 of
Exhibit 2(h) to this Registration Statement to be filed by
amendment.
Item
31. Business
and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
The
Investment Adviser, a limited liability company organized under the laws of the
State of New York, acts as investment adviser to the Registrant. The Registrant
is fulfilling the requirement of this Item 30 to provide a list of the officers
and directors of the Investment Adviser, together with information as to any
other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature
engaged in by the Investment Adviser or those officers and directors during the
past two years, by incorporating by reference the information contained in the
Form ADV of the Investment Adviser filed with the commission pursuant to the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (Commission File No. 801-26202).
Item
32. Location
of Accounts and Records
The
accounts and records of the Registrant are maintained in part at the office of
the Investment Adviser at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York 10580-1422, in
part at the offices of the Fund's custodian, State Street Bank and Trust
Company, at 1776 Heritage Drive, North Quincy, Massachusetts 02171, in part at
the offices of the Fund's sub-administrator, PFPC Inc., at 760 Moore Road, King
of Prussia, PA 19406, and in part at the offices of the Fund's transfer agent,
Computershare Trust Company, N.A., at 250 Royall Street, Canton, Massachusetts
02021.
Item
33. Management
Services
Not
applicable.
Item
34. Undertakings
1.
|
Registrant
undertakes to suspend the offering of shares until the prospectus is
amended, if subsequent to the effective date of this registration
statement, its net asset value declines more than ten percent from its net
asset value, as of the effective date of the registration statement or its
net asset value increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as
stated in the prospectus.
|
4.
|
Registrant
hereby undertakes:
|
|
(a)
|
to
file, during and period in which offers or sales are being made, a
post-effective amendment to this Registration
Statement:
|
|
(1)
|
to
include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act
of 1933;
|
|
(2)
|
to
reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of
the Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment
thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental
change in the information set forth in the Registration Statement;
and
|
|
(3)
|
to
include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution
not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or any material
change to such information in the Registration
Statement.
|
|
(b)
|
that
for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of
1933 (the "1933 Act"), each post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be
a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein,
and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the
initial bona fide offering thereof;
|
|
(c)
|
to
remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the
securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the
offering; and
|
|
(d)
|
that,
for the purpose of determining liability under the 1933 Act to any
purchaser, if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C: Each
prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 497(b), (c), (d) or (e) under the 1933
Act as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other
than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A under the 1933 Act shall
be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of
the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that
no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part
of the registration or made in a document incorporated or deemed
incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus
that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a
time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any
statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that
was part of the registration statement or made in any such document
immediately prior to such date of first
use.
|
|
(e)
|
that
for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the 1933
Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of
securities:
|
|
The
undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities
of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement,
regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the
purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by
means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant
will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell
such securities to the purchaser:
|
|
(1)
|
any
preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant
relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 497 under
the 1933 Act.
|
|
(2)
|
the
portion of any advertisement
pursuant to Rule 482 under the 1933 Act relating to the offering
containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its
securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant;
and
|
|
(3)
|
any
other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the
undersigned Registrant to the
purchaser.
|
5. Registrant
undertakes that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the 1933
Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of the
Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of
prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 497(h) will be deemed to be
a part of the Registration Statement as of the time it was declared
effective.
Registrant
undertakes that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the 1933
Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus will be
deemed to be a new Registration Statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time will be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof.
6. Registrant
undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally
prompt delivery, within two business days of receipt of a written or oral
request, any Statement of Additional Information constituting Part B of this
Registration Statement.
SIGNATURES
As
required by the Securities Act of 1933 , this Registrant's Registration
Statement has been signed on behalf of the Registrant, in the City of Rye, State
of New York, on the 9th day of June ,
2008.
|
THE
GABELLI CONVERTIBLE INCOME AND SECURITIES FUND INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By:
|
/s/ Bruce N. Alpert
|
|
|
|
Bruce
N. Alpert
|
|
|
|
President
and Principal Executive Officer
|
|
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement
has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the
dates set forth below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director,
Chairman and Chief Investment Officer
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Mario
J. Gabelli
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
E.
Val Cerutti
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Anthony
J. Colavita
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Dugald
A. Fletcher
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Anthony
R. Pustorino
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Werner
J. Roeder
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Anthonie
C. van Ekris
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Salvatore
J. Zizza
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
President
( Principal Executive Officer )
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Bruce
N. Alpert
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treasurer
( Principal Financial and Accounting
Officer )
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Agnes
Mullady
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 9 ,
2008
|
Bruce
N. Alpert
|
|
|
|
|
Attorney-in-Fact
|
|
|
|
|
____________________
*
|
Pursuant
to a Power of Attorney
|
EXHIBIT
INDEX
EXHIBIT
NUMBER
|
DESCRIPTION OF
EXHIBIT
|
|
|
99.n(i) |
Consent of Indenpendent
Registered Public Accounting Firm |
99 . r (i) |
Code of Ethics of the Fund and
the Investment Adviser |
99.r(ii) |
Joint Code of Ethics for
Chief Executive and Senior Financial
Officers |