AMKR 3.31.13 10Q
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
|
| | |
þ | | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| | For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2013 |
or |
o | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| | For the transition period from to |
Commission File Number 000-29472
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
|
| | | | |
Delaware (State of incorporation) | | | | 23-1722724 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
1900 South Price Road
Chandler, AZ 85286
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
(480) 821-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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| | | |
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer þ | Non-accelerated filer o | Smaller reporting company o |
| (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s Common Stock as of April 26, 2013 was 153,166,190.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2013
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands, except per share data) |
Net sales | $ | 687,529 |
| | $ | 655,010 |
|
Cost of sales | 572,576 |
| | 550,029 |
|
Gross profit | 114,953 |
| | 104,981 |
|
Operating expenses: | | | |
Selling, general and administrative | 59,559 |
| | 57,255 |
|
Research and development | 14,306 |
| | 13,425 |
|
Total operating expenses | 73,865 |
| | 70,680 |
|
Operating income | 41,088 |
| | 34,301 |
|
Other expense (income): | | | |
Interest expense | 22,078 |
| | 18,586 |
|
Interest expense, related party | 3,492 |
| | 3,492 |
|
Interest income | (827 | ) | | (889 | ) |
Foreign currency (gain) loss, net | (1,166 | ) | | 790 |
|
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate | (55 | ) | | (1,988 | ) |
Other income, net | (229 | ) | | (634 | ) |
Total other expense, net | 23,293 |
| | 19,357 |
|
Income before income taxes | 17,795 |
| | 14,944 |
|
Income tax expense | 4,029 |
| | 3,362 |
|
Net income | 13,766 |
| | 11,582 |
|
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (384 | ) | | 192 |
|
Net income attributable to Amkor | $ | 13,382 |
| | $ | 11,774 |
|
Net income attributable to Amkor per common share: | | | |
Basic | $ | 0.09 |
| | $ | 0.07 |
|
Diluted | $ | 0.07 |
| | $ | 0.06 |
|
Shares used in computing per common share amounts: | | | |
Basic | 152,411 |
| | 167,866 |
|
Diluted | 235,087 |
| | 250,688 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Net income | $ | 13,766 |
| | $ | 11,582 |
|
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | | | |
Adjustments to unrealized components of defined benefit pension plans, net of tax of $58 and ($35) | 142 |
| | 1,347 |
|
Cumulative translation adjustment, net of tax of $1,289 and $915 | (4,252 | ) | | (2,769 | ) |
Total other comprehensive loss | (4,110 | ) | | (1,422 | ) |
Comprehensive income | 9,656 |
| | 10,160 |
|
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (384 | ) | | 192 |
|
Comprehensive income attributable to Amkor | $ | 9,272 |
| | $ | 10,352 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
|
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
| (In thousands, except per share data) |
ASSETS |
Current assets: | |
| | |
|
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 466,702 |
| | $ | 413,048 |
|
Restricted cash | 2,680 |
| | 2,680 |
|
Accounts receivable: | | | |
|
Trade, net of allowances | 379,370 |
| | 389,699 |
|
Other | 2,853 |
| | 13,098 |
|
Inventories | 235,330 |
| | 227,439 |
|
Other current assets | 45,778 |
| | 45,444 |
|
Total current assets | 1,132,713 |
| | 1,091,408 |
|
Property, plant and equipment, net | 1,825,161 |
| | 1,819,969 |
|
Intangibles, net | 4,226 |
| | 4,766 |
|
Investments | 35,560 |
| | 38,690 |
|
Restricted cash | 2,248 |
| | 2,308 |
|
Other assets | 74,823 |
| | 68,074 |
|
Total assets | $ | 3,074,731 |
| | $ | 3,025,215 |
|
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |
Current liabilities: | |
| | |
|
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
Trade accounts payable | 432,599 |
| | 439,663 |
|
Accrued expenses | 232,185 |
| | 212,964 |
|
Total current liabilities | 664,784 |
| | 652,627 |
|
Long-term debt | 1,353,000 |
| | 1,320,000 |
|
Long-term debt, related party | 225,000 |
| | 225,000 |
|
Pension and severance obligations | 135,578 |
| | 139,379 |
|
Other non-current liabilities | 19,475 |
| | 21,415 |
|
Total liabilities | 2,397,837 |
| | 2,358,421 |
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 16) |
|
| |
|
|
Equity: | |
| | |
|
Amkor stockholders’ equity: | |
| | |
|
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 10,000 shares authorized, designated Series A, none issued | — |
| | — |
|
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, 197,758 and 197,709 shares issued, and 152,427 and 152,397 shares outstanding, in 2013 and 2012, respectively | 198 |
| | 198 |
|
Additional paid-in capital | 1,614,677 |
| | 1,614,143 |
|
Accumulated deficit | (743,262 | ) | | (756,644 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 7,131 |
| | 11,241 |
|
Treasury stock, at cost, 45,331 and 45,312 shares in 2013 and 2012, respectively | (211,073 | ) | | (210,983 | ) |
Total Amkor stockholders’ equity | 667,671 |
| | 657,955 |
|
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries | 9,223 |
| | 8,839 |
|
Total equity | 676,894 |
| | 666,794 |
|
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 3,074,731 |
| | $ | 3,025,215 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Cash flows from operating activities: | |
| | |
|
Net income | $ | 13,766 |
| | $ | 11,582 |
|
Depreciation and amortization | 97,148 |
| | 88,446 |
|
Other operating activities and non-cash items | (840 | ) | | (1,772 | ) |
Changes in assets and liabilities | (11,400 | ) | | (42,150 | ) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 98,674 |
| | 56,106 |
|
Cash flows from investing activities: | |
| | |
|
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (112,543 | ) | | (121,087 | ) |
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment | 24,614 |
| | 621 |
|
Payments from unconsolidated affiliate | 8,843 |
| | 7,914 |
|
Other investing activities | (249 | ) | | 1,683 |
|
Net cash used in investing activities | (79,335 | ) | | (110,869 | ) |
Cash flows from financing activities: | |
| | |
|
Borrowings under short-term debt | — |
| | 20,000 |
|
Payments of short-term debt | — |
| | (15,000 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt | 33,000 |
| | 158,742 |
|
Payments of long-term debt | — |
| | (156,357 | ) |
Payments for repurchase of common stock | — |
| | (4,505 | ) |
Proceeds from the issuance of stock through share-based compensation plans | — |
| | 69 |
|
Payments of tax withholding for restricted shares | (90 | ) | | (353 | ) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 32,910 |
| | 2,596 |
|
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents | 1,405 |
| | (1,332 | ) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 53,654 |
| | (53,499 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 413,048 |
| | 434,631 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 466,702 |
| | $ | 381,132 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Interim Financial Statements
Basis of Presentation. The Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures as of March 31, 2013 and for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, are unaudited, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The December 31, 2012, Consolidated Balance Sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S.”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, these financial statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for the fair statement of the results for the interim periods. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in our Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2012, filed on Form 10-K with the SEC on March 8, 2013. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2013, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to “Amkor,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “company” are to Amkor Technology, Inc. and our subsidiaries.
Use of Estimates. The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP, using management’s best estimates and judgments where appropriate. These estimates and judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. The estimates and judgments will also affect the reported amounts for certain revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates and judgments.
2. New Accounting Standards
Recently Adopted Standards
In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2013-02, Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Topic 220). ASU 2013-02 requires an entity to provide information about the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") by component. In addition, an entity is required to present, either on the face of the financial statements or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified out of AOCI by the respective line items of net income, but only if the amount reclassified is required to be reclassified in its entirety in the same reporting period. For amounts that are not required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures that provide additional details about those amounts. ASU 2013-02 does not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in the financial statements. This ASU is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. ASU 2013-02 was adopted on January 1, 2013 and did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.
Recently Issued Standards
In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-04, Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date (Topic 405). ASU 2013-04 provides guidance for the recognition, measurement and disclosure of obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation is fixed at the reporting date, except for obligations addressed within existing guidance in U.S. GAAP. The guidance requires an entity to measure those obligations as the sum of the amount the reporting entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and any additional amount the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors. The guidance in ASU 2013-04 also requires an entity to disclose the nature and amount of the obligation as well as other information about those obligations. This ASU is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013. ASU 2013-04 is not expected to have a significant effect on our financial statements.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-05, Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity (Topic 830). ASU 2013-05 provides guidance to resolve the diversity in practice regarding the release into net income of the cumulative translation adjustment upon derecognition of a subsidiary or group of assets within a foreign entity. This ASU is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013. ASU 2013-05 may affect our financial statements to the extent we have transactions involving the derecognition of subsidiaries or groups of assets within a foreign entity.
3. Share-Based Compensation Plans
The following table presents share-based compensation expense attributable to stock options and restricted shares.
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Stock options | $ | 104 |
| | $ | 390 |
|
Restricted shares | 430 |
| | 412 |
|
Total share-based compensation expense | $ | 534 |
| | $ | 802 |
|
The following table presents share-based compensation expense as included in the Consolidated Statements of Income:
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Selling, general and administrative | $ | 466 |
| | $ | 699 |
|
Research and development | 68 |
| | 103 |
|
Total share-based compensation expense | $ | 534 |
| | $ | 802 |
|
There is no corresponding deferred income tax benefit for stock options or restricted shares.
Stock Options
The following table summarizes our stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2013:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Number of Shares (In thousands) | | Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share | | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In thousands) |
Outstanding at December 31, 2012 | 4,893 |
| | $ | 9.52 |
| | | | |
|
Granted | 20 |
| | 4.68 |
| | | | |
|
Exercised | — |
| | — |
| | | | |
|
Forfeited or expired | (565 | ) | | 10.58 |
| | | | |
|
Outstanding at March 31, 2013 | 4,348 |
| | $ | 9.35 |
| | 2.68 | | $ | 22 |
|
Fully vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2013 | 4,346 |
| | $ | 9.36 |
| | 2.68 | | $ | 22 |
|
Exercisable at March 31, 2013 | 4,128 |
| | $ | 9.55 |
| | 2.37 | | $ | 22 |
|
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
The following assumptions were used to calculate weighted average fair values of the options granted in the three months ended March 31, 2013:
|
| | | |
Expected life | 6 years |
|
Risk-free interest rate | 1.1 | % |
Volatility | 61 | % |
Dividend yield | — |
|
Weighted average grant-date fair value per option granted | $ | 2.62 |
|
The intrinsic value of options exercised for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was less than $0.1 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2012, cash received for option exercises was $0.1 million. The related cash receipts are included in financing activities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Total unrecognized compensation expense from stock options, including a forfeiture estimate, was approximately $0.4 million as of March 31, 2013, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.6 years beginning April 1, 2013. To the extent the actual forfeiture rate is different than what we have anticipated, share-based compensation expense related to these options will be different from our expectations.
Restricted Shares
The following table summarizes our restricted share activity for the three months ended March 31, 2013:
|
| | | | | | |
| Number of Shares (In thousands) | | Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value (Per share) |
Nonvested at December 31, 2012 | 816 |
| | $ | 5.61 |
|
Awards granted | — |
| | — |
|
Awards vested | (49 | ) | | 7.11 |
|
Awards forfeited | (13 | ) | | 5.74 |
|
Nonvested at March 31, 2013 | 754 |
| | $ | 5.51 |
|
The fair value of shares vested during the three months ended March 31, 2013 was $0.2 million.
Unrecognized compensation cost, including a forfeiture estimate, was $3.3 million as of March 31, 2013, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.8 years years beginning April 1, 2013. To the extent that the actual forfeiture rate is different than what we have anticipated, the share-based compensation expense related to these awards will be different from our expectations.
4. Income Taxes
Our income tax expense of $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, primarily reflects income taxes at certain of our foreign operations and foreign withholding taxes. Our income tax expense also reflects income taxed in foreign jurisdictions where we benefit from tax holidays. At March 31, 2013, we had U.S. net operating loss carryforwards totaling $367.6 million, which expire at various times through 2031. Additionally, at March 31, 2013, we had $83.5 million of non-U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, which expire at various times through 2023.
We maintain a valuation allowance on all of our U.S. net deferred tax assets, including our net operating loss carryforwards. We also have valuation allowances on deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions. Such valuation allowances are released as the related tax benefits are realized or when sufficient net positive evidence exists to conclude it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
Our gross unrecognized tax benefits increased from $8.2 million at December 31, 2012, to $8.7 million as of March 31, 2013, primarily because of a $0.5 million addition related to the application of a law change in a foreign jurisdiction. At March 31, 2013, $6.5 million of our unrecognized tax benefits would reduce our effective tax rate, if recognized. Our unrecognized tax benefits are subject to change as examinations of tax years are completed. Tax return examinations involve uncertainties, and there can be no assurances that the outcome of examinations will be favorable.
5. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income attributable to Amkor common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of common shares outstanding includes restricted shares held by retirement eligible recipients and is reduced for treasury stock. Unvested share-based compensation awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are considered participating securities and are included in the computation of EPS pursuant to the two-class method. We grant restricted shares which entitle recipients to voting and nonforfeitable dividend rights from the date of grant. As a result, we have applied the two-class method to determine EPS.
Diluted EPS is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding stock options, unvested restricted shares and convertible debt. The following table summarizes the computation of basic and diluted EPS:
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands, except per share data) |
Net income attributable to Amkor | $ | 13,382 |
| | $ | 11,774 |
|
Income allocated to participating securities | (66 | ) | | (38 | ) |
Net income available to Amkor common stockholders | 13,316 |
| | 11,736 |
|
Adjustment for dilutive securities on net income: | |
| | |
|
Net income allocated to participating securities in basic calculation | 66 |
| | 38 |
|
Interest on 6.0% convertible notes due 2014, net of tax | 4,026 |
| | 4,026 |
|
Net income attributable to Amkor — diluted | $ | 17,408 |
| | $ | 15,800 |
|
| | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding — basic | 152,411 |
| | 167,866 |
|
Effect of dilutive securities: | |
| | |
|
Stock options and restricted share awards | 18 |
| | 164 |
|
6.0% convertible notes due 2014 | 82,658 |
| | 82,658 |
|
Weighted average shares outstanding — diluted | 235,087 |
| | 250,688 |
|
Net income attributable to Amkor per common share: | |
| | |
|
Basic | $ | 0.09 |
| | $ | 0.07 |
|
Diluted | 0.07 |
| | 0.06 |
|
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
The following table summarizes the potential shares of common stock that were excluded from diluted EPS, because the effect of including these potential shares was antidilutive:
|
| | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Stock options and restricted share awards | 4,236 |
| | 4,408 |
|
Total potentially dilutive shares | 4,236 |
| | 4,408 |
|
6. Equity and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table reflects the changes in equity attributable to both Amkor and the noncontrolling interests:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Attributable to Amkor | | Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | | Total |
| (In thousands) |
Equity at December 31, 2012 | $ | 657,955 |
| | $ | 8,839 |
| | $ | 666,794 |
|
Net income | 13,382 |
| | 384 |
| | 13,766 |
|
Other comprehensive loss | (4,110 | ) | | — |
| | (4,110 | ) |
Treasury stock acquired through surrender of shares for tax withholding | (90 | ) | | — |
| | (90 | ) |
Share-based compensation expense | 534 |
| | — |
| | 534 |
|
Equity at March 31, 2013 | $ | 667,671 |
| | $ | 9,223 |
| | $ | 676,894 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Attributable to Amkor | | Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | | Total |
| (In thousands) |
Equity at December 31, 2011 | $ | 693,266 |
| | $ | 7,955 |
| | $ | 701,221 |
|
Net income | 11,774 |
| | (192 | ) | | 11,582 |
|
Other comprehensive loss | (1,422 | ) | | — |
| | (1,422 | ) |
Issuance of stock through employee share-based compensation plans | 69 |
| | — |
| | 69 |
|
Treasury stock acquired through surrender of shares for tax withholding | (353 | ) | | — |
| | (353 | ) |
Share-based compensation expense | 802 |
| | — |
| | 802 |
|
Repurchase of common stock | (4,505 | ) | | — |
| | (4,505 | ) |
Equity at March 31, 2012 | $ | 699,631 |
| | $ | 7,763 |
| | $ | 707,394 |
|
The following table reflects the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Defined Benefit Pension | | Foreign Currency | | Total |
| (In thousands) |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income at December 31, 2012 | $ | (5,373 | ) | | $ | 16,614 |
| | $ | 11,241 |
|
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications | — |
| | (4,252 | ) | | (4,252 | ) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | 142 |
| | — |
| | 142 |
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 142 |
| | (4,252 | ) | | (4,110 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income at March 31, 2013 | $ | (5,231 | ) | | $ | 12,362 |
| | $ | 7,131 |
|
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Defined Benefit Pension | | Foreign Currency | | Total |
| (In thousands) |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income at December 31, 2011 | $ | (10,510 | ) | | $ | 21,359 |
| | $ | 10,849 |
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 1,294 |
| | (2,769 | ) | | (1,475 | ) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | 53 |
| | — |
| | 53 |
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 1,347 |
| | (2,769 | ) | | (1,422 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income at March 31, 2012 | $ | (9,163 | ) | | $ | 18,590 |
| | $ | 9,427 |
|
Amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income are included as a component of net periodic pension cost (Note 13).
7. Inventories
Inventories consist of the following:
|
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Raw materials and purchased components | $ | 175,165 |
| | $ | 166,691 |
|
Work-in-process | 60,165 |
| | 60,748 |
|
Total inventories | $ | 235,330 |
| | $ | 227,439 |
|
8. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment consist of the following:
|
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Land | $ | 103,992 |
| | $ | 106,338 |
|
Land use rights | 19,945 |
| | 19,945 |
|
Buildings and improvements | 876,341 |
| | 904,919 |
|
Machinery and equipment | 3,387,447 |
| | 3,332,855 |
|
Software and computer equipment | 188,287 |
| | 191,132 |
|
Furniture, fixtures and other equipment | 17,312 |
| | 19,194 |
|
Construction in progress | 34,621 |
| | 24,670 |
|
| 4,627,945 |
| | 4,599,053 |
|
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | (2,802,784 | ) | | (2,779,084 | ) |
Total property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 1,825,161 |
| | $ | 1,819,969 |
|
In January 2013, we sold office space and land located in Chandler, Arizona for $22.8 million, net of selling costs of $1.2 million.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
The following table presents depreciation expense as included in the Consolidated Statements of Income:
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Cost of sales | $ | 89,167 |
| | $ | 80,097 |
|
Selling, general and administrative | 4,136 |
| | 5,107 |
|
Research and development | 2,995 |
| | 2,080 |
|
Total depreciation expense | $ | 96,298 |
| | $ | 87,284 |
|
The following table reconciles our activity related to property, plant and equipment additions as presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets to purchases of property, plant and equipment as presented on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Property, plant and equipment additions | $ | 124,270 |
| | $ | 123,935 |
|
Net change in related accounts payable and deposits | (11,727 | ) | | (2,848 | ) |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | $ | 112,543 |
| | $ | 121,087 |
|
In February 2013, we entered into an agreement for the purchase of land for a factory and research and development center in Korea. The agreement to purchase the land for the facility is subject to our compliance with various construction, investment, hiring, regulatory and other requirements. We made a non-refundable deposit of ₩10.9 billion (approximately $10 million) at signing with two remaining payments of ₩43.4 billion (approximately $39 million) and ₩54.2 billion (approximately $49 million) due in August 2013 and November 2013, respectively. As of March 31, 2013, the deposit is recorded in other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
9. Intangible Assets
Intangibles as of March 31, 2013, consist of the following:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gross | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net |
| (In thousands) |
Patents and technology rights | $ | 22,473 |
| | $ | (19,921 | ) | | $ | 2,552 |
|
Customer relationships | 8,000 |
| | (6,326 | ) | | 1,674 |
|
Total intangibles | $ | 30,473 |
| | $ | (26,247 | ) | | $ | 4,226 |
|
Intangibles as of December 31, 2012, consist of the following:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gross | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net |
| (In thousands) |
Patents and technology rights | $ | 22,169 |
| | $ | (19,636 | ) | | $ | 2,533 |
|
Customer relationships | 8,000 |
| | (5,767 | ) | | 2,233 |
|
Total intangibles | $ | 30,169 |
| | $ | (25,403 | ) | | $ | 4,766 |
|
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
Amortization of identifiable intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 was $0.8 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Future amortization at March 31, 2013 is estimated as follows:
|
| | | |
| (In thousands) |
2013 remaining | $ | 2,560 |
|
2014 | 704 |
|
2015 | 411 |
|
2016 | 190 |
|
2017 | 152 |
|
Thereafter | 209 |
|
Total amortization | $ | 4,226 |
|
10. Investments
Investments consist of the following:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
| Carrying Value (In thousands) | | Ownership Percentage | | Carrying Value (In thousands) | | Ownership Percentage |
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate | $ | 35,560 |
| | 30.0 | % | | $ | 38,690 |
| | 30.0 | % |
J-Devices Corporation
In October 2009, Amkor and Toshiba Corporation (“Toshiba”) invested in Nakaya Microdevices Corporation (“NMD”) and formed a joint venture to provide semiconductor packaging and test services in Japan. As a result of the transaction, NMD changed its name to J-Devices Corporation ("J-Devices"). In April 2013, we completed the exercise of our option to increase our ownership interest of J-Devices from 30% to 60% for an aggregate purchase price of ¥6.7 billion (approximately $67 million). J-Devices is now owned 60% by Amkor, 34% by the former shareholders of NMD and 6% by Toshiba.
At March 31, 2013, our investment includes our 30% equity interest and options to acquire additional equity interests. The options are exercisable at our discretion and permit us to increase our ownership interest in J-Devices up to 66% in 2014 by purchasing shares owned by Toshiba and up to 80% in 2015 by purchasing shares owned by the other shareholders. In 2014 and beyond, Toshiba has the option, at its discretion, to sell shares it owns to us. If we decline Toshiba's offer to sell their shares to us, then J-Devices shall have the obligation to purchase the shares. If J-Devices fails to purchase the shares offered by Toshiba, then we will be obligated to purchase the shares offered by Toshiba. The options in 2014 and 2015 become exercisable in the fourth quarter of such year, and if exercised, we would expect closing to occur in the first half of the following year, subject to regulatory approval. After we own 80% or more shares, the original shareholders of NMD have a put option which allows them to sell their shares to us. The exercise price for all options is payable in cash and is to be determined using a formula based upon the net book value and a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of J-Devices.
J-Devices is a separate business and is not integrated with our Japan-based businesses. The governance provisions currently applicable to J-Devices restrict our ability, even with our majority ownership, to cause J-Devices to take certain actions without the consent of the other investors. Accordingly, we account for our investment in J-Devices under U.S. GAAP using the equity method of accounting and will continue to account for J-Devices under the equity method of accounting after increasing our ownership interest to 60% in April 2013 as discussed above.
Under the equity method of accounting, we recognize our proportionate share of J-Devices' net income or loss, which is after J-Devices' income taxes in Japan, during each accounting period as a change in our investment in unconsolidated affiliate. In addition, we record equity method adjustments as a change in our investment in unconsolidated affiliate. These
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
adjustments include the amortization of a basis difference as our carrying value exceeded our equity in the net assets of J-Devices at the date of investment, as well as other adjustments required by the equity method. For the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, our equity in earnings in J-Devices, net of J-Devices' income taxes in Japan, was $0.1 million and $2.0 million, respectively.
In conjunction with entering into the joint venture, one of our subsidiaries in Japan purchased packaging and test equipment from Toshiba and leased the equipment to J-Devices under an agreement which was accounted for as a direct financing lease. At the end of the lease in October 2012, J-Devices exercised an option to purchase the remaining packaging and test equipment for ¥761.4 million. In January 2013, we received payment of ¥761.4 million (approximately $8.8 million) for the purchased equipment.
11. Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses consist of the following:
|
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Payroll and benefits | $ | 60,531 |
| | $ | 56,651 |
|
Deferred revenue and customer advances | 48,296 |
| | 52,773 |
|
Accrued interest | 41,378 |
| | 19,048 |
|
Accrued royalties (Note 16) | 33,324 |
| | 33,324 |
|
Income taxes payable | 11,486 |
| | 8,341 |
|
Accrued severance plan obligations (Note 13) | 10,078 |
| | 9,516 |
|
Other accrued expenses | 27,092 |
| | 33,311 |
|
Total accrued expenses | $ | 232,185 |
| | $ | 212,964 |
|
Accrued royalties relate to our estimate of royalties due as a result of our pending patent license arbitration (Note 16).
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
12. Debt
Following is a summary of short-term borrowings and long-term debt:
|
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Debt of Amkor Technology, Inc.: | |
| | |
|
Senior secured credit facilities: | |
| | |
|
$150 million revolving credit facility, LIBOR plus 1.5%-2.25%, due June 2017 | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
Senior notes: | |
| | |
|
7.375% Senior notes, due May 2018 | 345,000 |
| | 345,000 |
|
6.625% Senior notes, due June 2021, $75 million related party | 400,000 |
| | 400,000 |
|
6.375% Senior notes, due October 2022 | 300,000 |
| | 300,000 |
|
Senior subordinated notes: | |
| | |
|
6.0% Convertible senior subordinated notes, due April 2014, $150 million related party | 250,000 |
| | 250,000 |
|
Debt of subsidiaries: | |
| | |
|
Amkor Technology Korea, Inc.: | | | |
$41 million revolving credit facility, foreign currency funding-linked base rate plus 2.33%, due June 2013 | — |
| | — |
|
Term loan, foreign currency funding-linked base rate plus 2.30%, due March 2015 | 100,000 |
| | 100,000 |
|
Term loan, LIBOR plus 3.90% or 3.94%, due July 2017 | 150,000 |
| | 137,000 |
|
Term loan, foreign currency funding-linked base rate plus 1.75%, due September 2017 (1) | 10,000 |
| | — |
|
Term loan, LIBOR plus 3.70%, due December 2019 (2) | 23,000 |
| | 13,000 |
|
Other: | | | |
Revolving credit facility, TAIFX plus a bank-determined spread, due April 2015 (Taiwan) (3) | — |
| | — |
|
| 1,578,000 |
| | 1,545,000 |
|
Less: Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt | — |
| | — |
|
Long-term debt (including related party) | $ | 1,578,000 |
| | $ | 1,545,000 |
|
| |
(1) | In March 2013, Amkor Technology Korea, Inc. (“ATK”), a subsidiary in Korea, entered into a loan agreement with a Korean bank pursuant to which ATK may borrow up to $150.0 million for a term of four and a half years. The loan is collateralized by substantially all the land, factories and equipment located at our ATK facilities. Principal is payable in quarterly installments of $5.0 million each starting in December 2014, with the remaining balance due at maturity. Interest is paid quarterly, at a foreign currency funding-linked base rate plus 1.75% (3.58% as of March 31, 2013). As of March 31, 2013, $140.0 million was available to be borrowed for capital expenditures. |
| |
(2) | In November 2012, ATK entered into a loan agreement with a Korean Bank pursuant to which ATK may borrow up to $100.0 million by November 2013 for a term of seven years. The loan is collateralized by substantially all the land, factories and equipment located at our ATK facilities. Principal is payable upon maturity. Interest is payable quarterly in arrears, at LIBOR plus 3.70% (4.00% as of March 31, 2013). As of March 31, 2013, $77.0 million was available to be borrowed for capital expenditures. |
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
| |
(3) | In September 2012, Amkor Technology Taiwan Ltd, a subsidiary in Taiwan, entered into a revolving credit facility. The credit facility bears interest at the Taipei Foreign Exchange ("TAIFX") six month U.S. dollar rate plus a bank-determined spread. Availability under the revolving credit facility was originally $44.0 million and subsequent availability steps down $5.0 million every six months from the original available balance. Principal is payable at maturity. As of March 31, 2013, $39.0 million was available to be drawn for general corporate purposes and capital expenditures. |
In April 2013, ATK entered into a loan agreement with a Korean bank pursuant to which ATK may borrow up to $150.0 million for a term of three years for working capital and the repayment of inter-company debt. The loan is collateralized by substantially all the land, factories and equipment located at our ATK facilities. Principal is payable at maturity. Interest is due quarterly beginning three months after the first draw down date. Interest is payable at a rate of LIBOR plus 3.80%.
The debt of Amkor Technology, Inc. is structurally subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future debt and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. Our collateralized bank debt agreements and the indentures governing our senior and senior subordinated notes contain a number of affirmative and negative covenants which could restrict our operations. We were in compliance with all of our covenants as of March 31, 2013.
13. Pension and Severance Plans
Foreign Defined Benefit Pension Plans
Our subsidiaries in Japan, the Philippines and Taiwan sponsor defined benefit pension plans that cover substantially all of their respective employees who are not covered by statutory plans. Charges to expense are based upon actuarial analyses. The components of net periodic pension cost for these defined benefit plans are as follows:
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Components of net periodic pension cost and total pension expense: | |
| | |
|
Service cost | $ | 1,474 |
| | $ | 1,701 |
|
Interest cost | 775 |
| | 821 |
|
Expected return on plan assets | (911 | ) | | (783 | ) |
Amortization of transition obligation | 2 |
| | 2 |
|
Amortization of prior service cost | 49 |
| | 70 |
|
Recognized actuarial loss | 33 |
| | 51 |
|
Net periodic pension cost | 1,422 |
| | 1,862 |
|
Curtailment loss | — |
| | 1,089 |
|
Settlement gain | — |
| | (100 | ) |
Total pension expense | $ | 1,422 |
| | $ | 2,851 |
|
For the three months ended March 31, 2012, we recognized net curtailment and settlement losses of $1.0 million, resulting from the remeasurement of our defined benefit plan in Japan due to reductions in workforce (Note 18).
For the three months ended March 31, 2013, we contributed $0.1 million to the defined benefit pension plans. We expect to contribute approximately $2.3 million to the pension plans during the remainder of 2013.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
Korean Severance Plan
Our subsidiary in Korea participates in an accrued severance plan that covers employees with at least one year of service. To the extent eligible employees are terminated, our subsidiary in Korea would be required to make lump-sum severance payments on behalf of these eligible employees based on their length of service, seniority and rate of pay at the time of termination. Accrued severance benefits are estimated assuming all eligible employees were to terminate their employment at the balance sheet date. Our contributions to the National Pension Plan of the Republic of Korea are deducted from accrued severance benefit liabilities.
The provision recorded for severance benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, was $5.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively. The balance of our Korean severance obligation consists of the following:
|
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Current (Accrued expenses) | $ | 10,078 |
| | $ | 9,516 |
|
Non-current (Pension and severance obligations) | 113,936 |
| | 116,997 |
|
Total Korean severance obligation | $ | 124,014 |
| | $ | 126,513 |
|
14. Treasury Stock
Stock Repurchase Program
Our Board of Directors previously authorized the repurchase of up to $300.0 million of our common stock, exclusive of any fees, commissions or other expenses. The purchase of stock under the program may be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. Since inception of the program, we have purchased a total of 45.0 million shares at an aggregate purchase price of $208.4 million, net of $0.9 million of commissions. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be determined by us at our discretion and will depend upon a variety of factors including economic and market conditions, the cash needs and investment opportunities for the business, price, applicable legal requirements and other factors. Our stock repurchase program has been and is expected to be funded with available cash and may be suspended or discontinued at any time.
During the three months ended March 31, 2013, we made no purchases under the stock repurchase program. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we purchased 1.0 million shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $4.5 million, net of less than $0.1 million of commissions, for an average price of $4.62. At March 31, 2013, there were no unsettled shares, and there was approximately $91.6 million available to repurchase common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program.
15. Fair Value Measurements
The accounting framework for determining fair value includes a hierarchy for ranking the quality and reliability of the information used to measure fair value, which enables the reader of the financial statements to assess the inputs used to develop those measurements. The fair value hierarchy consists of three tiers as follows: Level 1, defined as quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.
Our assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis include cash equivalent money market funds, restricted cash money market funds and foreign currency forward contracts. Cash equivalent money market funds and restricted cash money market funds are invested in U.S. money market funds and various U.S. and foreign bank operating and time deposit accounts, which are due on demand or carry a maturity date of less than three months when purchased. No restrictions have
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
been imposed on us regarding withdrawal of balances with respect to our cash equivalents as a result of liquidity or other credit market issues affecting the money market funds we invest in or the counterparty financial institutions holding our deposits. Money market funds are valued using quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets.
Our forward contracts are not traded on an exchange and are therefore valued using conventional calculations or models that are primarily based on observable inputs such as foreign currency exchange rates. During the three months ended March 31, 2013, we entered into foreign currency forward contracts to serve as an economic hedge for the payments related to the agreement to purchase land in Korea (See Note 8). The forward contracts are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes and changes in the fair value of these forward contracts are recorded immediately in earnings in foreign currency (gain) loss, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income. As of March 31, 2013, the total notional value was $88.7 million. The fair value of the forward contracts at March 31, 2013 results in a liability of $1.5 million and is recorded in accrued expenses in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
We also measure certain assets and liabilities, including property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and an equity investment, at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. For the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, such measurements included the consideration of third party valuation reports based on a combination of market and cost approach valuation techniques. The valuation reports contained various inputs including semiconductor industry data, replacement costs, price lists and general information regarding the assets being evaluated. Nonrecurring fair value measurements related to property, plant and equipment impairments reflect the fair value of the assets at the dates the impairments were taken during the period. Our fair value measurements consist of the following:
|
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Recurring fair value measurements: | | | |
Assets: | | | |
Cash equivalent money market funds (Level 1) | $ | 214,370 |
| | $ | 151,066 |
|
Restricted cash money market funds (Level 1) | 2,680 |
| | 2,680 |
|
Liabilities: | | | |
Foreign currency forward contracts (Level 2) | 1,457 |
| | — |
|
| | | |
Nonrecurring fair value measurements: | | | |
Long-lived assets held for use or disposal (Level 3) | $ | 516 |
| | $ | 868 |
|
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Nonrecurring fair value measurements: | | | |
Losses on long-lived assets held for use or disposal (Level 3) | $ | 481 |
| | $ | 235 |
|
For the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, all impairment losses on property, plant and equipment were recorded in cost of sales.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
We measure the fair value of our debt on a quarterly basis for disclosure purposes. The following table presents the fair value of financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
| Fair Value | | Carrying Value | | Fair Value | | Carrying Value |
| (In thousands) |
Senior notes (Level 1) | $ | 1,077,042 |
| | $ | 1,045,000 |
| | $ | 1,061,945 |
| | $ | 1,045,000 |
|
Convertible senior subordinated notes (Level 1) | 350,525 |
| | 250,000 |
| | 371,975 |
| | 250,000 |
|
Subsidiary revolvers and term loans (Level 2) | 270,443 |
| | 283,000 |
| | 269,200 |
| | 250,000 |
|
Total debt | $ | 1,698,010 |
| | $ | 1,578,000 |
| | $ | 1,703,120 |
| | $ | 1,545,000 |
|
The estimated fair value of the debt is based primarily on quoted market prices reported on or near the respective balance sheet dates for our senior and senior subordinated notes. The estimated fair value for the debt of our subsidiaries was calculated using a discounted cash flow analysis, which utilized market based assumptions including bond and credit default swap indices and was adjusted for credit risk.
16. Commitments and Contingencies
We have a letter of credit sub-facility of $25.0 million under our $150.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility that matures in June 2017. As of March 31, 2013, we had $0.3 million of standby letters of credit outstanding and had an additional $24.7 million available for letters of credit. Such standby letters of credit are used in the ordinary course of our business and are collateralized by our cash balances.
We generally warrant that our services will be performed in a professional and workmanlike manner and in compliance with our customers' specifications. We accrue costs for known warranty issues. Historically, our warranty costs have been immaterial.
Legal Proceedings
We are involved in claims and legal proceedings and may become involved in other legal matters arising in the ordinary course of our business. We evaluate these claims and legal matters on a case-by-case basis to make a determination as to the impact, if any, on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Except as indicated below, we believe that the ultimate outcome of these claims and proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse impact to us. Our evaluation of the potential impact of these claims and legal proceedings on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows could change in the future.
In accordance with the accounting guidance for loss contingencies, including legal proceedings, lawsuits, pending claims and other legal matters, we accrue for a loss contingency when we conclude that the likelihood of a loss is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. When the reasonable estimate of the loss is within a range of amounts, and no amount in the range constitutes a better estimate than any other amount, we accrue for the amount at the low end of the range. We adjust our accruals from time to time as we receive additional information, but the loss we incur may be significantly greater than or less than the amount we have accrued. We disclose loss contingencies if there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss has been incurred. Attorney fees related to legal matters are expensed as incurred.
Arbitration Proceedings with Tessera, Inc.
On March 2, 2006, Tessera, Inc. (“Tessera”) filed a request for arbitration with the International Court of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (the “ICC”), captioned Tessera, Inc. v. Amkor Technology, Inc. (the "First Tessera Arbitration"). The subject matter of the arbitration was a license agreement (“License Agreement”) entered into between Tessera and our predecessor in 1996. In its rulings in 2008 and 2009, the arbitration panel in the First Tessera Arbitration found that most of the packages accused by Tessera were not subject to the patent royalty provisions of the License Agreement,
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
awarded Tessera $60.6 million as damages for some infringing packages for the period March 2, 2002, through December 1, 2008, and denied Tessera's request to terminate the License Agreement. The final award, plus interest and the royalties through December 2008 amounting to $64.7 million, was expensed in 2008 and paid when due in February 2009.
Following Tessera's favorable decision in the U.S International Trade Commission (the “ITC”) in May 2009 against some of our customers, Tessera began making repeated statements to customers and others claiming that we were in breach of the royalty provisions of the License Agreement. We informed Tessera that we believed we were in full compliance with the License Agreement and of our intent to continue making the royalty payments when due in accordance with the terms of the License Agreement.
On August 7, 2009, we filed a request for arbitration in the ICC against Tessera, captioned Amkor Technology, Inc. v. Tessera, Inc. (the “Second Tessera Arbitration”). We instituted the action in order to obtain declaratory relief confirming that we were a licensee in good standing under our 1996 License Agreement with Tessera and that the License Agreement remained in effect.
On November 2, 2009, Tessera filed an answer to our request for arbitration and counterclaims in the ICC. In the answer and counterclaims, Tessera denied Amkor's claims, alleged breach of contract, sought termination of the License Agreement and asserted that Amkor owed Tessera additional royalties under the License Agreement, including royalties for use of thirteen U.S. and six foreign patents that Tessera did not assert in the First Tessera Arbitration. Tessera later dropped its claims on five of those patents. On February 17, 2011, Tessera sent Amkor a notice of termination of the License Agreement.
In May 2011, Tessera filed a new request for arbitration against Amkor with the ICC captioned Tessera, Inc. v. Amkor Technology, Inc. (the "Third Tessera Arbitration") seeking undisclosed damages and a declaration that the License Agreement had been terminated.
In July 2011, the panel issued its decision in the first phase of the Second Tessera Arbitration. The panel found that we did not owe any of the approximately $18 million of additional royalties claimed by Tessera for packages assembled by us for customers who had been involved in proceedings with Tessera before the ITC. Our request for a declaration confirming that we were in compliance with the License Agreement and that our royalty calculations from the First Tessera Arbitration were correct was denied. The panel found that we had materially breached the License Agreement by not paying the full amount of royalties due and by failing to satisfy the audit provisions of the License Agreement. The final amount of royalties and interest owed relating to the first phase of the Second Tessera Arbitration was approximately $0.5 million, which has been fully paid.
In July 2012, the panel issued an interim order in the second phase of the Second Tessera Arbitration finding that royalties are due to Tessera on three of the ten asserted U.S. patents remaining at issue but not on the other seven, royalties are due on four foreign patents related to U.S. patents that the panel found to be royalty bearing in the First Tessera Arbitration and that the License Agreement was terminated by Tessera as of February 17, 2011. We do not believe the termination of the License Agreement will interfere in any significant way with our ability to use our technology, conduct our business or service our customers. The panel also raised the question of whether Tessera intends to pursue its allegations regarding other patents which have not yet been addressed by the panel, and in July 2012, Tessera informed the panel that it intends to proceed on its claims related to three additional U.S. patents.
In February 2013, the panel issued another interim order in the second phase of the Second Tessera Arbitration. In the latest ruling, the panel determined that flip chip only packages and pin grid array only packages are not royalty bearing but that certain other packages, principally certain wirebond and combination flip chip wirebond packages are royalty bearing. The panel reserved for later decision the issues of the amount of royalties and pre-judgment interest due, and the allocation of costs. In February 2013, Tessera publicly announced its intention to seek an amount in excess of $150 million in the arbitration.
During 2012, we recorded a charge of $56.0 million based on our estimates of the damages and interest due to date in respect of the Second Tessera Arbitration. We believe that $56.0 million of damages and interest is a reasonable estimate of the low end of the possible range of loss up to the amount claimed by Tessera. Because we believe that no amount in the range
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
constitutes a better estimate than any other amount, we recorded the $56.0 million estimate. Of the total charge, $50.0 million was recorded as cost of goods sold and $6.0 million was recorded as interest expense. The ultimate amount of damages and interest is subject to determination by the panel based on a number of complex factors, including the panel's determination of which package families the patents apply to, whether those packages meet criteria previously laid out by the panel, overlaps among the packages, the final date through which royalties are applicable and other factors. The final award could be more than the amount recognized, and we expect to record our estimate of interest accruing with the passage of time and may record additional charges as information develops or upon the issuance of the final award.
In August 2012, we paid $19.9 million to Tessera representing the undisputed amount and related interest that we owe in connection with the Second Tessera Arbitration.
In July 2012, Tessera filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint seeks injunctive relief and damages with respect to Amkor's alleged infringement of one of the U.S. patents that the panel found to be royalty bearing in the Second Tessera Arbitration. We strongly dispute Tessera's claims and intend to vigorously defend against them. However, the outcome of this matter is uncertain, and an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Amkor Technology, Inc. v. Carsem (M) Sdn Bhd, Carsem Semiconductor Sdn Bhd, and Carsem Inc.
On November 17, 2003, we filed a complaint against Carsem (M) Sdn Bhd, Carsem Semiconductor Sdn Bhd, and Carsem Inc. (collectively “Carsem”) with the ITC in Washington, D.C., alleging infringement of our United States Patent Nos. 6,433,277; 6,455,356 and 6,630,728 (collectively the “Amkor Patents”) and seeking, under Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, an exclusion order barring the importation by Carsem of infringing products. We allege that by making, using, selling, offering for sale or importing into the U.S. the Carsem Dual and Quad Flat No-Lead Packages, Carsem has infringed on one or more of our MicroLeadFrame packaging technology claims in the Amkor Patents.
On November 18, 2003, we also filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, alleging infringement of the Amkor Patents and seeking an injunction enjoining Carsem from further infringing the Amkor Patents, compensatory damages and treble damages due to willful infringement plus interest, costs and attorney's fees. This District Court action has been stayed pending resolution of the ITC case.
The ITC Administrative Law Judge (“ALJ”) conducted an evidentiary hearing during July and August of 2004 in Washington D.C. and, on November 18, 2004, issued an Initial Determination that Carsem infringed some of our patent claims relating to our MicroLeadFrame package technology, that some of our 21 asserted patent claims are valid, that we have a domestic industry in our patents and that all of our asserted patent claims are enforceable. However, the ALJ did not find a statutory violation of Section 337 of the Tariff Act.
We filed a petition in November 2004 to have the ALJ's ruling reviewed by the full ITC. On March 31, 2005, the ITC ordered a new claims construction related to various disputed claim terms and remanded the case to the ALJ for further proceedings. On November 9, 2005, the ALJ issued an Initial Determination on remand finding that Carsem infringed some of our patent claims and that Carsem had violated Section 337 of the Tariff Act.
On remand, the ITC had also authorized the ALJ to reopen the record on certain discovery issues related to a subpoena of documents from a third party. An order by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia enforcing the subpoena became final on January 9, 2009, and the third party produced documents pursuant to the subpoena.
On July 1, 2009, the ITC remanded the investigation for a second time to the ALJ to reopen the record to admit into evidence documents and related discovery obtained from the enforcement of the above-referenced third-party subpoena.
Following a two-day hearing, on October 30, 2009, the ALJ issued an Initial Determination reaffirming his prior ruling that the Carsem Dual and Quad Flat No-Lead Packages infringe some of Amkor's patent claims relating to MicroLeadFrame package technology, that all of Amkor's asserted patent claims are valid and that Carsem violated Section 337 of the Tariff Act.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
On December 16, 2009, the ITC ordered a review of the ALJ's Initial Determination. On February 18, 2010, the Commission reversed a finding by the ALJ on the issue of whether a certain invention constitutes prior art to Amkor's asserted patents. The ITC remanded the investigation to the ALJ to make further findings in light of the ITC's ruling. On March 22, 2010, the ALJ issued a Supplemental Initial Determination. Although the ALJ's ruling did not disturb the prior finding that certain Carsem Dual and Quad Flat No-Lead Packages infringe some patent claims of Amkor's U.S. Patent No. 6,433,277 (the "277 Patent"), the ALJ found that these infringed claims are invalid and, as a result, the ALJ did not find a statutory violation of the Tariff Act. On July 20, 2010, the ITC issued a Notice of Commission Final Determination, in which the ITC determined that there is no violation of Section 337 of the Tariff Act and terminated the investigation. We appealed the ITC's ruling of invalidity for the claims of the 277 Patent to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (the "Federal Circuit"), and oral arguments were heard in November 2011.
On August 22, 2012, the Federal Circuit issued a favorable ruling in Amkor's appeal in its patent infringement case against Carsem before the ITC. In its ruling, the Federal Circuit reversed the ITC's determination of invalidity on the 277 Patent, and remanded the matter to the ITC for further proceedings consistent with its opinion. On October 5, 2012, Carsem filed a Petition for Rehearing requesting the Federal Circuit to vacate its decision and affirm the ITC's determination of no violation of Section 337 of the Tariff Act. The Federal Circuit denied Carsem's petition on December 7, 2012, and remanded the matter to the ITC for further action consistent with its August 22, 2012 ruling.
In September 2012, Carsem, Inc. filed requests for Inter Partes Reexamination of the 277 Patent with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“Patent Office”). In December 2012, the Patent Office granted the requests for Reexamination. On January 10, 2012, the Patent Office issued an Office Action rejecting all of the 277 Patent claims over certain prior art references. Amkor believes that all of the 277 Patent claims are valid and filed a response to the Office Action in March 2013.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
17. Business Segments
We have two reportable segments, packaging and test. Packaging and test are integral steps in the process of manufacturing semiconductor devices, and our customers may engage with us for both packaging and test services, or for packaging or test services individually. We have concluded that our packaging and test services constitute a group of similar services within each reportable segment.
The accounting policies for segment reporting are the same as those for our Consolidated Financial Statements as a whole. We evaluate our operating segments based on gross profit and gross property, plant and equipment. We do not specifically identify and allocate total assets by operating segment. Summarized financial information concerning reportable segments is shown in the following table. The “other” column includes corporate adjustments, gross property, plant and equipment of our corporate and sales offices and capital additions that do not directly support manufacturing operations, such as research and development and infrastructure projects.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Packaging | | Test | | Other | | Total |
| (In thousands) |
Three months ended March 31, 2013 | | | | | | | |
Net sales | $ | 593,375 |
| | $ | 94,154 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 687,529 |
|
Depreciation expense | 61,652 |
| | 27,515 |
| | — |
| | 89,167 |
|
Gross profit | 83,501 |
| | 31,452 |
| | — |
| | 114,953 |
|
Capital additions | 63,663 |
| | 40,166 |
| | 20,441 |
| | 124,270 |
|
Three months ended March 31, 2012 | | | | | | | |
Net sales | $ | 581,511 |
| | $ | 73,499 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 655,010 |
|
Depreciation expense | 57,920 |
| | 22,177 |
| | — |
| | 80,097 |
|
Gross profit | 87,303 |
| | 17,678 |
| | — |
| | 104,981 |
|
Capital additions | 53,551 |
| | 49,082 |
| | 21,302 |
| | 123,935 |
|
Gross property, plant and equipment | | | | | | | |
March 31, 2013 | $ | 3,412,124 |
| | $ | 1,100,370 |
| | $ | 115,451 |
| | $ | 4,627,945 |
|
December 31, 2012 | 3,372,071 |
| | 1,076,513 |
| | 150,469 |
| | 4,599,053 |
|
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
18. Exit Activities and Reductions in Force
As part of our ongoing efforts to improve our manufacturing operations and manage costs, we regularly evaluate our staffing levels and facility requirements compared to business needs. The following table summarizes our exit activities and reduction in force initiatives associated with these efforts. “Charges” represents the initial charge related to the exit activity. “Cash Payments” consists of the utilization of “Charges.” “Non-cash Amounts” consists of asset impairments, pension plan curtailments and settlements and foreign currency adjustments.
|
| | | |
| Employee Separation Costs |
| (In thousands) |
Accrual at December 31, 2012 | $ | 1,607 |
|
Charges | 4,021 |
|
Cash Payments | (1,638 | ) |
Non-cash Amounts | 31 |
|
Accrual at March 31, 2013 | $ | 4,021 |
|
|
| | | |
| Employee Separation Costs |
| (In thousands) |
Accrual at December 31, 2011 | $ | — |
|
Charges | 7,160 |
|
Cash Payments | (3,398 | ) |
Non-cash Amounts | (1,066 | ) |
Accrual at March 31, 2012 | $ | 2,696 |
|
Early Retirement Program
During the three months ended March 31, 2013, we reduced our workforce by approximately 50 employees at our manufacturing operations in Korea. We recorded $4.0 million in charges for one-time termination benefits, of which $3.5 million, $0.2 million and $0.3 million were charged to cost of sales; selling, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses, respectively. All amounts accrued at March 31, 2013, are classified as current liabilities.
Reductions in Force
During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we reduced our workforce by approximately 120 employees at our manufacturing operations in Japan. We recorded $7.2 million in charges for one-time termination benefits including $1.0 million in net curtailment and settlement charges, of which $5.5 million, $1.6 million and $0.1 million were charged to cost of sales; selling, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses, respectively. All amounts were paid as of December 31, 2012.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including but not limited to statements regarding: (1) the amount, timing and focus of our expected capital investments including expenditures in 2013 and beyond for a new facility in Korea, (2) our ability to fund our operating activities for the next twelve months, (3) the effect of capacity utilization rates on our gross margin, (4) the focus of our research and development activities, (5) the expiration of tax holidays in jurisdictions in which we operate and expectations regarding our effective tax rate, (6) the release of valuation allowances related to taxes in the future, (7) the expected use of future cash flows, if any, for the expansion of our business, capital expenditures, the repayment of debt and other corporate purposes, (8) our repurchase or repayment of outstanding debt or the conversion of debt in the future, (9) payment of dividends, (10) compliance with our covenants, (11) expected contributions to foreign pension plans, (12) liability for unrecognized tax benefits, (13) the effect of foreign currency exchange rate exposure on our financial results, (14) the volatility of the trading price of our common stock, (15) changes to our internal controls related to implementation of a new enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system and other systems, (16) funding for any payments due in conjunction with our litigation with Tessera, (17) the possible acquisition of Toshiba's packaging operation in Malaysia, and (18) other statements that are not historical facts. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “intend” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Because such statements include risks and uncertainties, actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth in the following discussion as well as in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report. The following discussion provides information and analysis of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2013, and our liquidity and capital resources. You should read the following discussion in conjunction with Item 1 in this Quarterly Report as well as other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Overview
Amkor is one of the world's leading providers of outsourced semiconductor packaging and test services. Packaging and test are integral steps in the process of manufacturing semiconductor devices. The semiconductor manufacturing process begins with the fabrication of individual transistors, or multiple transistors and other electronic elements combined into an integrated circuit (generally known as a “chip” or “die”), onto semiconductor material such as a silicon wafer. Each chip on the wafer is probe tested. The good chips are identified and the wafer is then separated into individual die. Each good die is then assembled into a package that typically encapsulates the die for protection and creates the electrical connections used to connect the package to a printed circuit board, module or other part of the electronic device. In some packages, chips are attached to a substrate or leadframe carrier through wirebonding or flip chip interconnects and then encased in a protective material. Or, for a wafer-level package, the electrical interconnections are created directly on the surface of the die (while the wafer is still intact) so that the chip may be attached directly to other parts of an electronic device without a substrate or leadframe. The packages are then tested using sophisticated equipment to ensure that each packaged chip meets its design and performance specifications. The test services we offer include probe testing and final testing.
Our packaging services are designed to meet application and chip specific requirements including the type of interconnect technology employed; size; thickness and electrical, mechanical and thermal performance. We are able to provide turnkey packaging and test services including semiconductor wafer bump, wafer probe, wafer backgrind, package design, packaging, test and drop shipment services.
Our customers include, among others: Altera Corporation; Analog Devices, Inc.; Broadcom Corporation; Intel Corporation; LSI Corporation; Qualcomm Incorporated; Sony Corporation; STMicroelectronics N.V.; Texas Instruments Incorporated and Toshiba Corporation. The outsourced semiconductor packaging and test market is very competitive. We also compete with the internal semiconductor packaging and test capabilities of many of our customers.
Our business is impacted by market conditions in the semiconductor industry, which is cyclical by nature and impacted by broad economic factors, such as world-wide gross domestic product and consumer spending. Historical trends indicate there has been a strong correlation between world-wide gross domestic product levels, consumer spending and semiconductor industry cycles. The semiconductor industry has experienced significant and sometimes prolonged cyclical downturns in the past. We cannot predict the timing, strength or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery.
Our net sales, gross profit, operating income, cash flows, liquidity and capital resources have historically fluctuated significantly from quarter to quarter as a result of many factors, including the seasonality of our business, the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry and other factors discussed in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report.
Our net sales increased $32.5 million or 5.0% to $687.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, from $655.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase was driven by a $20.7 million or 28.1% increase in test net sales as well as a $11.9 million or 2.0% increase in packaging net sales. The increases in test and packaging net sales were driven by strong demand for test, flip chip and wafer-level processing services supporting mobile communications products and our recent investments in these areas. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in packaging net sales related to wirebond products for the consumer and computing end markets.
Gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased to 16.7% from 16.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase was driven by higher net sales of test, flip chip and wafer-level processing services supporting mobile communications products, partially offset by weakness in demand for wirebond products for the consumer and computing end markets.
We operate in a capital intensive industry and have a significant level of debt. Servicing our current and future customers requires that we incur significant operating expenses and continue to make significant capital expenditures, which are generally made in advance of the related revenues and without any firm customer commitments. We fund our operations, including capital expenditures and debt service requirements, with cash flows from operations, existing cash and cash equivalents, borrowings under available credit facilities and proceeds from any additional financing. Maintaining an appropriate level of liquidity is important to our business and depends on, among other things, the performance of our business, our capital expenditure levels and our ability to repay debt out of our operating cash flows or proceeds from debt or equity financings.
Driven by strong customer demand for services supporting mobile communications products, our capital additions totaled $124.3 million or 18.1% of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to $123.9 million or 18.9% of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2012. During the three months ended March 31, 2013, 51.2% of our capital additions were made in packaging, 32.3% in test and 16.5% in research and development and infrastructure projects. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, 43.2% of our capital additions were made in packaging, 39.6% in test and 17.2% in research and development and infrastructure projects.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $98.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to $56.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. For the three months ended March 31, 2013, we experienced negative free cash flow of $13.9 million, primarily due to our capital purchases to support anticipated customer demand for packaging and test services related to mobile communications. We define free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities less purchases of property, plant and equipment. Free cash flow is not defined by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), and a reconciliation of free cash flow to net cash provided by operating activities is set forth under the caption “Cash Flows” below.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain operating data as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated:
|
| | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
Net sales | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % |
Materials | 42.5 | % | | 44.9 | % |
Labor | 14.8 | % | | 14.0 | % |
Other manufacturing costs | 26.0 | % | | 25.1 | % |
Gross margin | 16.7 | % | | 16.0 | % |
Depreciation and amortization | 14.1 | % | | 13.5 | % |
Operating income | 6.0 | % | | 5.2 | % |
Income before income taxes | 2.6 | % | | 2.3 | % |
Net income attributable to Amkor | 1.9 | % | | 1.8 | % |
Net Sales
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 | | Change |
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Net sales | $ | 687,529 |
| | $ | 655,010 |
| | $ | 32,519 |
| | 5.0 | % |
Packaging net sales | 593,375 |
| | 581,511 |
| | 11,864 |
| | 2.0 | % |
Test net sales | 94,154 |
| | 73,499 |
| | 20,655 |
| | 28.1 | % |
Net Sales. Net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012, as a result of higher net sales of our test and packaging services.
Packaging Net Sales. Packaging net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase was primarily driven by strong demand for flip chip and wafer-level processing services supporting mobile communications products, such as 28 nanometer chipsets and power management and connectivity applications. Our investments supporting mobile communications have provided opportunities to take advantage of the significant growth in this end market. The increase in net sales was partially offset by weakness in wirebond products in the consumer end market, including home electronics and gaming. Net sales were also partially offset by weakness in wirebond products in the computing end market as some of the business we gained in the prior year from customers whose supply chains were disrupted by the flooding in Thailand shifted back to their original suppliers. Packaging unit volume increased 0.4 billion units to 2.3 billion units during the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to 1.9 billion units during the three months ended March 31, 2012, primarily due to an increase in wafer-level processing and certain wirebond services.
Test Net Sales. Test net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase was attributable to higher test services for mobile communications products and our recent investments in these areas.
Cost of Sales
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 | | Change |
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Cost of sales | $ | 572,576 |
| | $ | 550,029 |
| | $ | 22,547 |
| | 4.1 | % |
Our cost of sales consists principally of materials, labor, depreciation and manufacturing overhead. Since a substantial portion of the costs at our factories is fixed, relatively modest increases or decreases in capacity utilization rates can have a significant effect on our gross margin.
Material costs as a percentage of net sales decreased to 42.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2013, from 44.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2012. The decrease as a percentage of sales was primarily due to increased net sales related to test services and wafer-level processing services, which have lower material costs as a percentage of net sales.
Labor costs as a percentage of net sales increased to 14.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2013, from 14.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2012. Labor costs as a percentage of sales, and in absolute dollars, increased primarily due to increased headcount and compensation expense at certain foreign manufacturing locations and unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate movements as substantially all of our manufacturing operations' workforce is paid in local currencies.
Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net sales increased to 26.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2013, from 25.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase in other manufacturing costs as a percentage of sales, and in absolute dollars, was attributable to increased depreciation expense due to our continued investments in property, plant and equipment to service the demand of our customers.
Gross Profit
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 | | Change |
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Gross profit | $ | 114,953 |
| | $ | 104,981 |
| | $ | 9,972 |
|
Gross margin | 16.7 | % | | 16.0 | % | | 0.7 | % |
Gross profit and gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase was driven by higher net sales of test services and flip chip and wafer-level processing services supporting mobile communications, partially offset by weakness in demand for wirebond products in the consumer and computing end markets.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 | | Change |
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Packaging gross profit | $ | 83,501 |
| | $ | 87,303 |
| | $ | (3,802 | ) |
Packaging gross margin | 14.1 | % | | 15.0 | % | | (0.9 | )% |
Packaging Gross Profit. Gross profit and gross margin for packaging net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2013, decreased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012. The decrease in gross profit and gross margin was primarily due to weakness in demand for wirebond products in the consumer end market, including home electronics and gaming. The decrease in gross profit and gross margin was also attributable to weakness in demand for wirebond products in the computing end market as some of the business we gained in the prior year from customers whose supply chains were disrupted by the flooding in Thailand shifted back to their original suppliers. The decreases were partially offset by higher net sales of flip chip and wafer-level processing services supporting mobile communications.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 | | Change |
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Test gross profit | $ | 31,452 |
| | $ | 17,678 |
| | $ | 13,774 |
|
Test gross margin | 33.4 | % | | 24.1 | % | | 9.3 | % |
Test Gross Profit. Gross profit and gross margin for test net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase in gross profit and margin was driven by higher test net sales. Costs of sales for test services are primarily fixed in nature and have relatively low material content. Accordingly, increases in net sales or utilization generally result in increased gross profit and gross margin due to the high degree of operating leverage for these services.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 | | Change |
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Selling, general and administrative | $ | 59,559 |
| | $ | 57,255 |
| | $ | 2,304 |
| | 4.0 | % |
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase was mainly attributable to higher professional fees.
Research and Development
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 | | Change |
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Research and development | $ | 14,306 |
| | $ | 13,425 |
| | $ | 881 |
| | 6.6 | % |
Research and development activities are focused on developing new packaging interconnect and test services and improving the efficiency and capabilities of our existing production processes. Areas of focus include 3D packaging, including embedded die, silicon interposers and Through Silicon Via technologies, fine pitch copper pillar packaging and wafer-level processing. The increase in research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012, was primarily attributable to increased depreciation from research and development capital additions as a result of our continued investment in research and development initiatives.
Other Expense, Net
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 | | Change |
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Interest expense, net | $ | 24,743 |
| | $ | 21,189 |
| | $ | 3,554 |
| | 16.8 | % |
Foreign currency (gain) loss, net | (1,166 | ) | | 790 |
| | (1,956 | ) | | 247.6 | % |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate | (55 | ) | | (1,988 | ) | | 1,933 |
| | (97.2 | )% |
Other income, net | (229 | ) | | (634 | ) | | 405 |
| | (63.9 | )% |
Total other expense, net | $ | 23,293 |
| | $ | 19,357 |
| | $ | 3,936 |
| | 20.3 | % |
Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012, due to additional interest expense from higher levels of long-term debt. Our equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate for the three months ended March 31, 2013, decreased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012, due to the lower net income of J-Devices. These increases in other expense, net were partially offset by foreign currency gains during the three months ended March 31, 2013, at one of our subsidiaries in Japan due to favorable exchange rate movements.
Income Tax Expense
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 | | Change |
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Income tax expense | $ | 4,029 |
| | $ | 3,362 |
| | $ | 667 |
| | 19.8 | % |
Generally, our effective tax rate is substantially below the U.S. federal tax rate of 35% because we have experienced taxable losses in the U.S. and our income is taxed in foreign jurisdictions where we benefit from tax holidays or tax rates lower than the U.S. statutory rate. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, was attributable to income tax on profits earned in certain foreign jurisdictions and foreign withholding taxes.
During 2013, our subsidiaries in Korea, the Philippines and Taiwan have operated under tax holidays which will continue to expire in whole or in part at various dates through 2017. We expect our effective tax rate to increase as the tax holidays expire as income earned in these jurisdictions will be subject to higher statutory income tax rates.
At March 31, 2013, we had U.S. net operating loss carryforwards totaling $367.6 million, which expire at various times through 2031. Additionally, at March 31, 2013, we had $83.5 million of non-U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, which expire at various times through 2023. We maintain a valuation allowance on all of our U.S. net deferred tax assets, including our net operating loss carryforwards, and on deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions. We will release such valuation allowances as the related tax benefits are realized or when sufficient net positive evidence exists to conclude that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. As the trend of taxable operating results at one of our foreign jurisdictions has been improving over the past year, we believe a reasonable possibility exists that, within the next year, sufficient positive evidence may become available to reach a conclusion to release up to $10.4 million of the valuation allowance maintained in this jurisdiction as of March 31, 2013.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We assess our liquidity based on our current expectations regarding sales, operating expenses, capital spending and debt service requirements. Based on this assessment, we believe that our cash flow from operating activities, together with existing cash and cash equivalents and availability under our revolving credit facilities, will be sufficient to fund our working capital, capital expenditure and debt service requirements for at least the next twelve months. Thereafter, our liquidity will continue to be affected by, among other things, volatility in the global economy and credit markets, the performance of our business, our capital expenditure levels, other uses of our cash including the final amount of payments due in our disputes with Tessera, any purchases of stock under our stock repurchase program, any investments in joint ventures or acquisitions and our ability to either repay debt out of operating cash flow or refinance at or prior to maturity with the proceeds of debt or equity offerings. There can be no assurance that we will generate the necessary net income or operating cash flows to meet the funding needs of our business beyond the next twelve months due to a variety of factors, including the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry and other factors discussed in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report.
Our primary source of cash and the source of funds for our operations are cash flows from operations, current cash and cash equivalents, borrowings under available debt facilities and proceeds from any additional debt or equity financings. As of March 31, 2013, we had cash and cash equivalents of $466.7 million, $1,578.0 million of debt and availability of $149.7 million under our $150.0 million first lien senior secured revolving credit facility. Additionally, our foreign subsidiaries had $80.0 million available to be drawn under secured revolving credit facilities for general corporate purposes and capital expenditures and $217.0 million available to be borrowed under secured term loan credit facilities for capital expenditures.
Included in our cash balance as of March 31, 2013, is $246.1 million held offshore by our foreign subsidiaries. If we were to distribute this offshore cash to the U.S. as repatriated earnings of our foreign subsidiaries, we would incur foreign withholding taxes; however, we would not incur a significant amount of U.S. federal income taxes, due to the availability of tax loss carryovers and foreign tax credits.
We sponsor an accrued severance plan for our subsidiary in Korea, which under existing tax laws in Korea, limits our ability to currently deduct related severance expenses accrued under that plan. The purpose of these limitations is to encourage
companies to migrate to a defined contribution or defined benefit plan. If we retain our existing severance plan, the deduction for severance expenses will be limited to severance payments made to retired employees, which results in a larger current income tax liability in Korea. If we decide to adopt a new plan, we would be required to fund a significant portion of the existing liability, which would provide a current tax deduction upon funding. Our Korean severance liability was $124.0 million as of March 31, 2013.
We refer you to Note 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for a discussion of the pending arbitration relating to Amkor's license agreement with Tessera. We expect to use cash on hand, proceeds from borrowings under our existing lines of credit or other sources to make any payments due in connection with our litigation with Tessera.
We operate in a capital intensive industry. Servicing our current and future customers may require that we incur significant operating expenses and make significant capital investments, which are generally made in advance of the related revenues and without any firm customer commitments. Additionally, we recently announced the exercise of our option to increase our ownership interest of J-Devices and resumption of discussions with Toshiba regarding the possible acquisition of Toshiba Electronics Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. We refer you to "Investments" below for further discussion.
In January 2013, we sold office space and land located in Chandler, Arizona for $22.8 million, net of selling costs of $1.2 million.
Our $250.0 million Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes ("2014 Notes") mature in April 2014. The 2014 Notes are convertible into shares of our common stock at any time prior to maturity at a conversion price of $3.02 per share. Although the trading price of our common stock is currently above the conversion price, there can be no assurance that holders of the notes will convert their notes into shares of common stock rather than be paid at maturity. Our scheduled principal repayments include an additional $5.0 million due in 2014, $105.0 million due in 2015, $150.0 million due in 2017 and $1,068.0 million due thereafter. In April 2013, we entered into a loan agreement with a Korean bank pursuant to which we may borrow up to $150.0 million for a term of three years for working capital and the repayment of inter-company debt. We expect cash flows to be used in the operation and expansion of our business, making capital expenditures, paying principal and interest on our debt and for other corporate purposes. We were in compliance with all of our debt covenants at March 31, 2013, and expect to remain in compliance with these covenants for at least the next twelve months.
In order to reduce leverage and future cash interest payments, we may from time to time repurchase our outstanding notes for cash or exchange shares of our common stock for our outstanding notes. Any such transaction may be made in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions or otherwise and is subject to the terms of our indentures and other debt agreements, market conditions and other factors.
Certain debt agreements have restrictions on dividend payments and the repurchase of stock and subordinated securities, including our convertible notes. These restrictions are determined by calculations based upon cumulative net income. We have never paid a dividend to our stockholders, and we do not have any present plans for doing so. Amkor Technology, Inc. also guarantees certain debt of our subsidiaries.
Our Board of Directors previously authorized the repurchase of up to $300.0 million of our common stock, exclusive of any fees, commissions or other expenses. We did not purchase any stock under the plan for the three months ended March 31, 2013. Since inception of the program, we have purchased a total of 45.0 million shares at an aggregate purchase price of $208.4 million, net of $0.9 million of commissions. At March 31, 2013, approximately $91.6 million was available to repurchase common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program. The purchase of stock may be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be determined by us at our discretion and will depend upon a variety of factors including economic and market conditions, the cash needs and investment opportunities for the business, price, applicable legal requirements and other factors. Our stock repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time.
Investments
We expect that our 2013 capital additions will be approximately $525 million, in addition to $150 million of spending for the acquisition of land and preparation for construction relating to our new factory and research and development center in
Korea. We refer you below for further discussion. Our expected capital additions for 2013 primarily support customer demand for packaging and test services related to mobile communications. During the three months ended March 31, 2013, our capital additions were $124.3 million. Of this total, approximately 51.2% of our capital additions were made in packaging, 32.3% in test and 16.5% in research and development and infrastructure projects. Ultimately, the amount of our 2013 capital additions will depend on several factors including, among others, the timing and implementation of any capital projects under review, the performance of our business, economic and market conditions, the cash needs and investment opportunities for the business, the need for additional capacity to service anticipated customer demand and the availability of cash flows from operations or financing.
In February 2013, we entered into an agreement for the purchase of land for a factory and research and development center in Korea. The land purchase price is ₩108.5 billion (approximately $98 million), payable in installments over ten months. We made a nonrefundable deposit of ₩10.9 billion (approximately $10 million) at signing with two remaining payments of ₩43.4 billion (approximately $39 million) and ₩54.2 billion (approximately $49 million) due in August 2013 and November 2013, respectively. Over the next several years, we expect to spend a total of approximately $300 million for the construction of the facility. The agreement to purchase the land for the facility is subject to our compliance with various construction, investment, hiring, regulatory and other requirements. There can be no assurance that the new facility project will proceed at all, or that the actual scope, costs, timeline or benefits of the project will be consistent with our current expectations.
In April 2013, we completed the exercise of our option to increase our ownership interest of J-Devices, a joint venture to provide semiconductor packaging and test services in Japan, from 30% to 60% for an aggregate purchase price of ¥6.7 billion (approximately $67 million). We also have options to acquire additional equity interests in J-Devices. The options are exercisable at our discretion and permit us to increase our percentage ownership of J-Devices up to 66% in 2014 by purchasing shares owned by Toshiba and up to 80% in 2015 by purchasing shares owned by the other shareholders. In 2014 and beyond, Toshiba has the option, at its discretion, to sell shares it owns to us. If we decline Toshiba's offer to sell their shares to us, then J-Devices shall have the obligation to purchase the shares. If J-Devices fails to purchase the shares offered by Toshiba, then we will be obligated to purchase the shares offered by Toshiba. The options in 2014 and 2015 become exercisable in the fourth quarter of such year, and if exercised, we would expect closing to occur in the first half of the following year, subject to regulatory approval. After we own 80% or more shares, the original shareholders of NMD have a put option which allows them to sell their shares to us. The exercise price for all options is payable in cash and is to be determined using a formula based upon the net book value and a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of J-Devices.
In addition, we have resumed discussions with Toshiba regarding the possible acquisition of Toshiba Electronics Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., Toshiba’s semiconductor packaging operation in Malaysia. Although any transaction is subject to the satisfactory conclusion of due diligence, negotiation and signing of definitive agreements and receipt of any necessary government approvals. The final purchase price has not yet been determined, but we currently expect to pay around ¥7.2 billion (approximately $72 million) in cash, plus a license royalty to be determined, and provide additional working capital for the business following closing.
We are subject to risks associated with our capital additions, including those discussed in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report. The following table reconciles our activity related to property, plant and equipment additions as presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets to purchases of property, plant and equipment as presented on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Property, plant and equipment additions | $ | 124,270 |
| | $ | 123,935 |
|
Net change in related accounts payable and deposits | (11,727 | ) | | (2,848 | ) |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | $ | 112,543 |
| | $ | 121,087 |
|
Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at March 31, 2013, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Payments Due for Year Ending December 31, |
| Total | | 2013 - Remaining | | 2014 | | 2015 | | 2016 | | 2017 | | Thereafter |
| (In thousands) |
Total debt | $ | 1,578,000 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 255,000 |
| | $ | 105,000 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 150,000 |
| | $ | 1,068,000 |
|
Scheduled interest payment obligations (1) | 620,726 |
| | 94,813 |
| | 90,228 |
| | 79,266 |
| | 78,338 |
| | 75,165 |
| | 202,916 |
|
Purchase obligations (2) | 123,662 |
| | 123,662 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Operating lease obligations | 28,185 |
| | 8,522 |
| | 8,474 |
| | 5,898 |
| | 1,242 |
| | 1,148 |
| | 2,901 |
|
Severance obligations (3) | 124,014 |
| | 10,062 |
| | 8,559 |
| | 7,926 |
| | 7,331 |
| | 6,775 |
| | 83,361 |
|
Total contractual obligations | $ | 2,474,587 |
| | $ | 237,059 |
| | $ | 362,261 |
| | $ | 198,090 |
| | $ | 86,911 |
| | $ | 233,088 |
| | $ | 1,357,178 |
|
| |
(1) | Scheduled interest payment obligations were calculated using stated coupon rates for fixed rate debt and interest rates applicable at March 31, 2013, for variable rate debt. |
| |
(2) | Represents capital-related purchase obligations outstanding at March 31, 2013. |
| |
(3) | Represents estimated benefit payments for our Korean subsidiary severance plan. |
In addition to the obligations identified in the table above, other non-current liabilities recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2013, include:
| |
• | $21.6 million of net foreign pension plan obligations for which the timing and actual amount of funding required is uncertain. We expect to contribute approximately $2.3 million to the defined benefit pension plans during the remainder of 2013. |
| |
• | $0.8 million net liability associated with unrecognized tax benefits. Due to the uncertainty regarding the amount and the timing of any future cash outflows associated with our unrecognized tax benefits, we are unable to reasonably estimate the amount and period of ultimate settlement, if any, with the various taxing authorities. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of March 31, 2013, we had no off-balance sheet guarantees or other off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K, other than our operating lease obligations described above in “Contractual Obligations.”
Contingencies, Indemnifications and Guarantees
We refer you to Note 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for a discussion of our contingencies related to litigation and other legal matters. If an unfavorable ruling were to occur in these matters, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial position and cash flows in the period in which the ruling occurs. The potential impact from legal proceedings on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial position and cash flows could change in the future.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our critical accounting policies are disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012. During the three months ended March 31, 2013, there have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies as reported in our 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
New Accounting Pronouncements
For information regarding recent accounting pronouncements, we refer you to Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
Cash Flows
Cash provided by operating activities was $98.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to cash provided by operating activities of $56.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. We experienced negative free cash flow of $13.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, primarily due to our capital purchases to support customer demand for packaging and test services related to mobile communications.
Net cash provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Operating activities | $ | 98,674 |
| | $ | 56,106 |
|
Investing activities | (79,335 | ) | | (110,869 | ) |
Financing activities | 32,910 |
| | 2,596 |
|
Operating activities: Our cash flow provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased by $42.6 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012. Operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2013, adjusted for depreciation and amortization, other operating activities and non-cash items, increased by $16.4 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase is primarily attributable to increased gross profit and the related increase in operating income.
Changes in assets and liabilities decreased operating cash flow by $11.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, primarily as a result of a decrease in accounts payable. For the three months ended March 31, 2012, changes in assets and liabilities decreased operating cash flows by $42.2 million due to an increase in accounts receivable from December 31, 2011.
Investing activities: Our cash flows used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2013, decreased by $31.5 million. The decrease in the three months ended March 31, 2013, was primarily due to an increase in proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment relating to the sale of office space and land located in Chandler, Arizona in January 2013 for $22.8 million, net of selling costs of $1.2 million, and a decrease in purchases of property, plant and equipment.
Financing activities: Our cash flows provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2013, increased by $30.3 million. The net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2013, primarily resulted from borrowings in accordance with the loan agreements at our subsidiary in Korea, totaling $33.0 million.
The net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2012, consisted primarily of borrowings of $178.7 million offset by $171.4 million of foreign debt repayments and the repurchase of $4.5 million of common stock under our authorized stock repurchase program.
We provide the following supplemental data to assist our investors and analysts in understanding our liquidity and capital resources. We define free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities less purchases of property, plant and equipment. Free cash flow is not defined by U.S. GAAP. We believe free cash flow to be relevant and useful information to our investors because it provides them with additional information in assessing our liquidity, capital resources and financial operating results. Our management uses free cash flow in evaluating our liquidity, our ability to service debt and our ability to fund capital additions. However, free cash flow has certain limitations, including that it does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures since other, non-discretionary expenditures, such as mandatory debt service, are not deducted from the measure. The amount of mandatory versus discretionary expenditures can vary significantly between periods. This measure should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, other measures of liquidity or financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, such as net cash provided by operating activities. Furthermore, our definition of free cash flow may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
|
| | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2013 | | 2012 |
| (In thousands) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 98,674 |
| | $ | 56,106 |
|
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (112,543 | ) | | (121,087 | ) |
Free cash flow | $ | (13,869 | ) | | $ | (64,981 | ) |
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market Risk Sensitivity
We are exposed to market risks, primarily related to foreign currency and interest rate fluctuations. In the normal course of business, we employ established policies and procedures to manage the exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency values and changes in interest rates. Our use of derivative instruments, including forward exchange contracts, has been historically insignificant; however, we continue to evaluate the use of hedging instruments to manage currency and other risks.
Foreign Currency Risk
In order to reduce our exposure to foreign currency gains and losses, we generally use natural hedging techniques to reduce foreign currency rate risk.
The U.S. dollar is our reporting currency and the functional currency for the majority of our foreign subsidiaries including our largest subsidiaries in Korea and the Philippines and also our subsidiaries in China, Singapore and Taiwan. For our subsidiaries and affiliate in Japan, the local currency is the functional currency.
We have foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency. We performed a sensitivity analysis of our foreign currency exposure as of March 31, 2013, to assess the potential impact of fluctuations in exchange rates for all foreign denominated assets and liabilities. Assuming a 10% adverse movement for all currencies against the U.S. dollar as of March 31, 2013, our income before income taxes would have been approximately $8 million lower.
In addition, we have foreign currency exchange rate exposure on our results of operations. For the three months ended March 31, 2013, approximately 94% of our net sales were denominated in U.S. dollars. Our remaining net sales were principally denominated in Japanese yen and Korean won for local country sales. For the three months ended March 31, 2013, approximately 62% of our cost of sales and operating expenses were denominated in U.S. dollars and were largely for raw materials and factory supplies. The remaining portion of our cost of sales and operating expenses was principally denominated in the Asian currency where our production facilities are located and largely consisted of labor and utilities. To the extent that the U.S. dollar weakens against these Asian-based currencies, similar foreign currency denominated transactions in the future will result in higher sales and higher operating expenses, with operating expenses having the greater impact on our financial results. Similarly, our sales and operating expenses will decrease if the U.S. dollar strengthens against these foreign currencies. We performed a sensitivity analysis of our foreign currency exposure as of March 31, 2013, to assess the potential impact of fluctuations in exchange rates for all foreign denominated sales and expenses. Assuming a 10% adverse movement from the three months ended March 31, 2013, exchange rates of the U.S. dollar compared to all of these Asian-based currencies as of March 31, 2013, our operating income would have been approximately $21 million lower.
There are inherent limitations in the sensitivity analysis presented, primarily due to the assumption that foreign exchange rate movements across multiple jurisdictions are similar and would be linear and instantaneous. As a result, the analysis is unable to reflect the potential effects of more complex market or other changes that could arise which may positively or negatively affect our results of operations.
We have foreign currency exchange rate exposure on our stockholders' equity as a result of the translation of our subsidiaries and an affiliate where the local currency is the functional currency. To the extent the U.S. dollar strengthens against the local currency, the translation of these foreign currency denominated balances will result in reduced sales, operating expenses, assets and liabilities. Similarly, our sales, operating expenses, assets and liabilities will increase if the U.S. dollar weakens against the local currencies. The effect of foreign exchange rate translation on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, was a net foreign translation loss of $4.3 million and a loss of $2.8 million, respectively, and was recognized as an adjustment to equity through other comprehensive loss.
During the three months ended March 31, 2013, we entered into foreign currency forward contracts to serve as an economic hedge for the payments related to the agreement to purchase land in Korea (See Note 8 and Note 15). We performed a sensitivity analysis of our foreign currency forward contracts to assess the potential impact of fluctuations in exchange rates. Assuming a 10% adverse movement in the exchange rates as of March 31, 2013, our income before income taxes would have been approximately $8 million lower.
Interest Rate Risk
We have interest rate risk with respect to our long-term debt. As of March 31, 2013, we had a total of $1,578.0 million of debt of which 82.1% was fixed rate debt and 17.9% was variable rate debt. The fixed rate debt consists of senior notes and senior subordinated notes. Our variable rate debt principally relates to our foreign borrowings and revolving lines of credit and any amounts outstanding under our $150.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility, of which no amounts were drawn as of March 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2012, we had a total of $1,545.0 million of debt of which 83.8% was fixed rate debt and 16.2% was variable rate debt. Changes in interest rates have different impacts on the fixed and variable rate portions of our debt portfolio. A change in interest rates on the fixed portion of the debt portfolio impacts the fair value of the debt instrument but has no impact on interest expense or cash flows. A change in interest rates on the variable portion of the debt portfolio impacts the interest incurred and cash flows but does not generally impact the fair value of the instrument. The fair value of the senior subordinated notes is also impacted by changes in the market price of our common stock.
The table below presents the interest rates, maturities and fair value of our fixed and variable rate debt as of March 31, 2013:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2013 - Remaining | | 2014 | | 2015 | | 2016 | | 2017 | | Thereafter | | Total | | Fair Value |
Long term debt: | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Fixed rate debt (In thousands) | $ | — |
| | $ | 250,000 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,045,000 |
| | $ | 1,295,000 |
| | $ | 1,427,567 |
|
Average interest rate | — | % | | 6.0 | % | | — | % | | — | % | | — | % | | 6.8 | % | | 6.6 | % | | |
Variable rate debt (In thousands) | $ | — |
| | $ | 5,000 |
| | $ | 105,000 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 150,000 |
| | $ | 23,000 |
| | $ | 283,000 |
| | $ | 270,443 |
|
Average interest rate | — | % | | 3.6 | % | | 4.0 | % | | — | % | | 4.2 | % | | 4.0 | % | | 4.1 | % | | |
For information regarding the fair value of our long-term debt, see Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
Equity Price Risk
We have convertible notes that are convertible into our common stock. If investors were to decide to convert their notes to common stock, our future earnings would benefit from a reduction in interest expense and our common stock outstanding would be increased. If we paid a premium to induce such conversion, our earnings could include an additional charge.
Further, the trading price of our common stock has been and is likely to continue to be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. Such fluctuations could impact our decision or ability to utilize the equity markets as a potential source of our funding needs in the future.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports to the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, based on the definition of “disclosure controls and procedures” in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2013 and concluded those disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of that date.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2013, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
As previously reported, we continue to implement an enterprise resource planning system over a multi-year program on a company-wide basis. In addition, we are also implementing a new shop floor system in certain of our factories.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Information about legal proceedings is set forth in Note 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The factors discussed below are cautionary statements that identify important factors and risks that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements contained in this report. For more information regarding the forward-looking statements contained in this report, see the introductory paragraph to Part I, Item 2 of this Quarterly Report. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information included in this report, in considering our business and prospects. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing Amkor. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us may also impair our business operations. The occurrence of any of the following risks could affect our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
Dependence on the Highly Cyclical Semiconductor and Electronic Products Industries - We Operate in Volatile Industries and Industry Downturns and Declines in Global Economic and Financial Conditions Could Harm Our Performance.
Our business is impacted by market conditions in the semiconductor industry, which is cyclical by nature and impacted by broad economic factors, such as world-wide gross domestic product and consumer spending. The semiconductor industry has experienced significant and sometimes prolonged downturns in the past. For example, the financial crisis and global recession in 2008 and 2009 resulted in a downturn in the semiconductor industry that adversely affected our business and results of operations during those periods. Although the world economy recovered somewhat in 2010, economic growth slowed in 2011 and 2012 in the U.S. and internationally. In view of this slow growth and the current economic uncertainty worldwide, consumer demand in the U.S. and globally may be adversely impacted which may harm the semiconductor industry and our business.
Since our business is, and will continue to be, dependent on the requirements of semiconductor companies for outsourced packaging and test services, any downturn in the semiconductor industry or any other industry that uses a significant number of semiconductor devices, such as consumer electronic products, telecommunication devices or computing devices, could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. It is difficult to predict the timing, strength or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery, which, in turn, makes it more challenging for us to forecast our operating results, make business decisions and identify risks that may affect our business, sources and uses of cash, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, if industry conditions deteriorate, we could suffer significant losses, as we have in the past, which could materially impact our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Fluctuations in Operating Results and Cash Flows - Our Operating Results and Cash Flows Have Varied and May Vary Significantly as a Result of Factors That We Cannot Control.
Many factors, including the impact of adverse economic conditions, could have a material adverse effect on our net sales, gross profit, operating results and cash flows, or lead to significant variability of quarterly or annual operating results. Our profitability and ability to generate cash from operations is principally dependent upon demand for semiconductors, the utilization of our capacity, semiconductor package mix, the average selling price of our services, our ability to manage our capital expenditures in response to market conditions and our ability to control our costs including labor, material, overhead and financing costs. The downturn in demand for semiconductors in late 2008 and in 2009 resulted in significant declines in our operating results and cash flows as capacity utilization declined. Although the world economy recovered somewhat in 2010, the recent slow rate of economic growth in the U.S. and elsewhere and economic uncertainty worldwide, or the negative impact on economic growth resulting from the action or inaction of the U.S. government relating to federal income tax increases, the federal debt ceiling, the federal deficit and government spending restrictions, could adversely affect consumer demand in the U.S. and globally, which may negatively impact our operating results.
Our net sales, gross profit, operating income and cash flows have historically fluctuated significantly from quarter to quarter as a result of many of the following factors, over which we have little or no control and which we expect to continue to impact our business:
| |
• | fluctuation in demand for semiconductors and conditions in the semiconductor industry; |
| |
• | changes in our capacity utilization rates; |
| |
• | changes in average selling prices; |
| |
• | changes in the mix of semiconductor packages; |
| |
• | evolving packaging and test technology; |
| |
• | absence of backlog and the short-term nature of our customers’ commitments and the impact of these factors on the timing and volume of orders relative to our production capacity; |
| |
• | changes in costs, availability and delivery times of raw materials and components; |
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• | changes in labor costs to perform our services; |
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• | wage and commodity price inflation, including precious metals; |
| |
• | the timing of expenditures in anticipation of future orders; |
| |
• | changes in effective tax rates; |
| |
• | the availability and cost of financing; |
| |
• | intellectual property transactions and disputes; |
| |
• | high leverage and restrictive covenants; |
| |
• | warranty and product liability claims and the impact of quality excursions and customer disputes and returns; |
| |
• | costs associated with litigation judgments, indemnification claims and settlements; |
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• | international events, political instability, civil disturbances or environmental or natural events, such as earthquakes, that impact our operations; |
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• | pandemic illnesses that may impact our labor force and our ability to travel; |
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• | difficulties integrating acquisitions and the failure of our joint ventures to operate in accordance with business plans; |
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• | our ability to attract and retain qualified employees to support our global operations; |
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• | loss of key personnel or the shortage of available skilled workers; |
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• | fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and the cost of materials used in our packaging services such as gold and copper; |
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• | delay, rescheduling and cancellation of large orders; |
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• | fluctuations in our manufacturing yields and |
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• | dependence on key customers or concentration of customers in certain market segments, such as mobile communications. |
It is often difficult to predict the impact of these factors upon our results for a particular period. The downturn in the global economy and the semiconductor industry increased the risks associated with the foregoing factors as customer forecasts became more volatile, and there was less visibility regarding future demand and significantly increased uncertainty regarding
the economy, credit markets and consumer demand. Although the world economy recovered somewhat in 2010, the recent slow rate of economic growth in the U.S. and elsewhere and economic uncertainty worldwide could continue to cause volatility in customer forecasts and reduce our visibility regarding future demand in the semiconductor industry. These factors may have a material and adverse effect on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows or lead to significant variability of quarterly or annual operating results. In addition, these factors may adversely affect our credit ratings which could make it more difficult and expensive for us to raise capital and could adversely affect the price of our securities.
High Fixed Costs - Due to Our High Percentage of Fixed Costs, We Will Be Unable to Maintain Our Gross Margin at Past Levels if We Are Unable to Achieve Relatively High Capacity Utilization Rates.
Our operations are characterized by relatively high fixed costs. Our profitability depends in part not only on pricing levels for our packaging and test services, but also on the efficient utilization of our human resources and packaging and test equipment. In particular, increases or decreases in our capacity utilization can significantly affect gross margins since the unit cost of packaging and test services generally decreases as fixed costs are allocated over a larger number of units. In periods of low demand, we experience relatively low capacity utilization in our operations, which leads to reduced margins during that period. For example, we experienced lower than optimum utilization in late 2008 and in 2009 due to a decline in world-wide demand for our packaging and test services which impacted our gross margin. Transitions between different packaging technologies, such as the transition from gold wirebond to flip chip and copper wirebond packages, can also impact our capacity utilization if we do not efficiently redeploy our equipment assets. For example, in 2011 the migration of some customer demand from wirebond to flip chip packages resulted in under-utilized wirebond assets which negatively impacted our capacity utilization and gross margin. Although our capacity utilization at times has been strong, we cannot assure you that we will be able to achieve consistently high capacity utilization, and if we fail to do so, our gross margins may decrease. If our gross margins decrease, our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.
In addition, our fixed operating costs have increased in recent years in part as a result of our efforts to expand our capacity through significant capital additions. Forecasted customer demand for which we have made capital investments may not materialize, especially if industry conditions deteriorate. As a result, our sales may not adequately cover our substantial fixed costs resulting in reduced profit levels or causing significant losses, both of which may adversely impact our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Guidance - Our Failure to Meet Our Guidance or Analyst Projections Could Adversely Impact the Trading Prices of Our Securities.
We periodically provide guidance to investors with respect to certain financial information for future periods. Securities analysts also periodically publish their own projections with respect to our future operating results. As discussed above under “Fluctuations in Operating Results and Cash Flows - Our Operating Results and Cash Flows Have Varied and May Vary Significantly as a Result of Factors That We Cannot Control,” our operating results and cash flows vary significantly and are difficult to accurately predict. Volatility in customer forecasts and reduced visibility caused by economic uncertainty and fluctuations in global consumer demand make it particularly difficult to predict future results. To the extent we fail to meet or exceed our own guidance or the analyst projections for any reason, the trading prices of our securities may be adversely impacted. Moreover, even if we do meet or exceed that guidance or those projections, if analysts and investors do not react favorably, or if analysts were to discontinue providing coverage of our company, the trading prices of our securities may be adversely impacted.
Declining Average Selling Prices - The Semiconductor Industry Places Downward Pressure on the Prices of Our Packaging and Test Services.
Prices for packaging and test services have generally declined over time. Historically, we have been able to partially offset the effect of price declines by successfully developing and marketing new packages with higher margins, by negotiating lower prices with our material vendors, recovering material cost increases from our customers and by driving engineering and technological changes in our packaging and test processes, which resulted in reduced manufacturing costs. We expect downward pressure on average selling prices for our packaging and test services to continue in the future. If we are unable to offset a decline in average selling prices by developing and marketing new packages with higher prices, reducing our
purchasing costs, recovering more of our material cost increases from our customers and reducing our manufacturing costs, our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.
Decisions by Our Integrated Device Manufacturer Customers to Curtail Outsourcing May Adversely Affect Our Business.
Historically, we have been dependent on the trend in outsourcing of packaging and test services by integrated device manufacturers ("IDM"). Our IDM customers continually evaluate the need for outsourced services against their own in-house packaging and test services. As a result, at any time and for a variety of reasons, IDMs may decide to shift some or all of their outsourced packaging and test services to internally sourced capacity.
The reasons IDMs may shift their internal capacity include:
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• | their desire to realize higher utilization of their existing packaging and test capacity, especially during downturns in the semiconductor industry; |
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• | their unwillingness to disclose proprietary technology; |
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• | their possession of more advanced packaging and test technologies and |
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• | the guaranteed availability of their own packaging and test capacity. |
In addition, to the extent we limit capacity commitments for certain customers, these customers may increase their level of in-house packaging and test capabilities, which could make it more difficult for us to regain their business when we have available capacity.
In a downturn in the semiconductor industry, IDMs could respond by shifting some or all outsourced packaging and test services to internally serviced capacity on a short term basis. Also, the IDMs could curtail or reverse the trend of outsourcing packaging and test services. If we experience a significant loss of IDM business, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, especially during a prolonged industry downturn.
Our Substantial Indebtedness Could Adversely Affect Our Financial Condition and Prevent Us from Fulfilling Our Obligations.
We have a significant amount of indebtedness. As of March 31, 2013, our total debt balance was $1,578.0 million, of which none was classified as a current liability. As of March 31, 2013, we had availability of $149.7 million under our $150.0 million first lien senior secured revolving credit facility. Additionally, our foreign subsidiaries had $80.0 million available to be drawn under revolving credit facilities for general corporate purposes and capital expenditures and $217.0 million available to be borrowed under term loans maturing between June 2013 and December 2019 for capital expenditures. Additionally, in April 2013, we entered into a loan agreement with a Korean bank pursuant to which we may borrow up to $150.0 million for a term of three years for working capital and the repayment of inter-company debt.